and his guests who talked about important things, actually there is no time to tell a lot, i will only say briefly that oleksiy petrakov, who was the coach of the national football team of ukraine, left his position. of ukraine to the championship, do you remember this window final and was unable to lead the ukrainian national team to the world championship in boats, although in principle he did everything he could do for this, but the war had many other things that he could influence well, literally in a few seconds, wait for the news with ulyana panasiuk. good evening. we are from ukraine. the final news release in ulyana panasiuk's studio. good evening. tribunal for russia and support for ukraine

in the verkhovna rada. sanctions and bringing the aggressor to justice, the frozen funds of the russian oligarchs must be directed to the reconstruction of ukraine, the speaker of the diet emphasized that it is also important not to allow the russian federation to restore the military opportunities to prevent new aggression latvia will continue to provide political, military, financial and humanitarian support to ukraine as long as it is needed, we are among the world leaders in providing military aid since the beginning of the russian military aggression , the people of latvia have donated millions of euro support that continues to come and

now we will play you with everything we can latvia together together with ukraine we will win for freedom, independence and democracy glory to ukraine two people were injured as a result of enemy shelling of kharkiv oblast among them a 76-year-old man had an explosive injury and numerous open fractures of his arm. in the morning, the russians attacked the village of dvorichna. the regional prosecutor's office was informed, and in the afternoon they hit the kupyanska residential quarter with mortars. the attackers continue to seek to capture all of donetska, the russian offensive continues in the direction of bakhmut,

the fiercest battles are taking place near the soledar of bakhmut in the kupyan and taleman directions, the enemies do not stop trying to improve the tactical position, so the offensive of the invaders in the avdiiv direction remains unsuccessful. and in the novopavlovsk zaporizhia and kherson regions, the occupiers are defending themselves. during the day, the russians launched five rocket and 12 artillery strikes. instead of fire, the armed forces of ukraine hit the s300 missile complex, three control points , the same number of ammunition depots and areas of concentration of muscovites themselves, aviation, the village during the day, the defense forces of ukraine delivered 15 strikes on enemy concentration areas, as well as five strikes on the positions of its anti-aircraft missile systems to replenish losses in manpower, the enemy does not stop

mobilizing the male population, in particular, in the temporarily occupied territory of the luhansk region. thus, in the city of alchevsk, the beginning was marked next wave of mobilization from january 9 of this year, but on the condition that a corresponding international initiative will be created in europe - said the president of finland, sauli, according to him, this is a large number of tanks because in finland itself borders russia and is still not a member of nato, and yesterday poland announced its readiness to hand over a company of leopard combat tanks to ukraine. within the framework of the coalition and with partners, a simplified system was set up in zaporizhzhia, three criminals are suspected of making money by organizing an unhindered crossing of the contact line, according to the investigation 40 - a one-year-old man took money from people for

not passing filtering, his wife and an acquaintance were looking for interested citizens, part of the profit was transferred to government officials, such a service for leaving for temporary the control territory for one person cost an average of 1,000 dollars the criminals managed to earn almost 12,000 in foreign currency and 40,000 uah the investigation continues more than two million 400 thousand ukrainians live in housing damaged or destroyed by the occupiers applications for compensation were left by at least 316,000 people and this is a far from complete list of victims it is replenished every day, said the minister of infrastructure oleksandr kubrakov, the government official emphasized that for the restoration of housing, the state plans to attract funds from seized russian assets, but the first city from which reconstruction will begin within the framework of the platform for donations united twentyforce will become irpin, a

legendary artist, a bright representative of primitivism and the author of fairy-tale animals, on january 12, 114 years ago, the artist maria prymachenko was born, about the life story of an ordinary peasant woman from the kyiv region, whose work is known throughout the world, later in the story, she created masterpieces with a homemade brush she used simple gouache and cheap whatman from cat fur, drew with her left hand, although she herself was right-handed, and she gave her paintings to everyone guests, ukrainian art, including folk art, is very well associated with her work , if people know and see, for example, her works in the world, they immediately associate her works with ukraine. maria prymachenko was born in the village of bolotnya, which in the kyiv region, in her native surroundings, she was known as a talented seamstress with a tragic fate at an early age, the artist fell ill with poliomyelitis, and because of the illness, she finished only

four grades of school, this disease made her more focused, i was so aggravated, some other qualities, she noticed things that were not enough to whom her peers paid little attention , the artist's creative path began by accident at the age of 17. marie painted her parents' house with bluish clay, then the neighbor's house noticed the talent of the young artist, the embroiderer tetyana flora and took her to study at the kyiv experimental workshop, there pryymachenko met her only love vasyl was a military man and her countryman was already ready to marry him, and then the second world war began, he was taken to the front where he died at the beginning of the war, she survived this tragedy very hard, but she gave birth to him son fyodor, who was her only support in life, the artist gained her first popularity in 1936 thanks to a series of drawings of animals from swamps, her exhibitions were

exhibited in paris, montreal and prague . images of her animals, these are her compositions where she draws various beasts , animals, monsters. terrible, this is already her imagination. this is her fantasy. this is her such a bright , colorful world. distinguishes her from other folk artists, the artist added a signature to each painting with a speech. maria used certain lines of poetry, sometimes these could be words from a folk song, sometimes it is such and such and there is folk wisdom, and expressions that she came up with herself, and she used them to characterize the works of maria pryimachenko, more than 2,000 paintings, 650 of which are kept in the national museum of ukrainian folk decorative art in kyiv, the largest private collection is owned by the art critic eduard

dymshitsa, the researcher collected it during the last 30 years. these works are inspired by folklore and poetic, musical and visual art. these are very energetically strong things and very general political things . 33 works by the villager, thanks to the courage of fellow villagers, most of the paintings were saved from the fire in may, for one painting by maria priymachenko, 125 beads were purchased for the military at a charity auction painting flowers grew when the fourth power unit was bought for a record $

500,000 . a powerful voice message for ukrainians who are experiencing a full-scale russian invasion, and at the end of the army spoke in ukrainian saying "schedry evening" the filming of the video took place in the usa during the tour of ukrainian musicians. for today, that's all the news. i'm saying goodbye to you, but i'll see you tomorrow morning . peaceful evening to all of us. stay with the press. congratulations, friends with you. vitaly portnikov and our interlocutor today are historian professor of

harvard university serhiy plakhi. we are conducting this a conversation within the framework of our joint project with the international center of sovereign peoples, reconstruction of the truth, etc. by the way, i want to start our conversation with this, mr. serhiy, because history is actually always the question of the reconstruction of the truth is even more so when it comes to the history of a country like ukraine, because i always had the impression that ukrainian history was written by the wrong specialists who generally perceived ukraine as something separate and whole, which can be said to have been perceived by millions of ukrainians for 100 years their country and even their civilization as a part of other civilizations, first of all, of course, the russian civilization, and what do you think. these are the 300 days, 300 days of the war. they are changing the attitude of ukrainians to their history and world to the history of ukraine, first of all, thank you for the

invitation to this conversation, it is extremely nice to be in your studio to talk with your audience and the question of history , the meaning of history in the context of this war, i am extremely important, first of all, this war is a truly historical event, not only when it comes to ukraine when it comes to the world and world changes. in fact, this is the end of the period of the so -called long peace after the cold war, this is the restructuring of relations in europe in the world regarding relations between europe and russia and of course, this is an extremely big change for the ukrainian nation. modern nations are imagined to be formed by intellectuals , including historians. the fathers of

eastern european nations are intellectuals and historians such as mykhailo hrushevskyi, but nations are formed and transformed, reformatted in the context of very important , very dramatic and heroic events. and tragic events, such as he is, and for me there is no doubt that starting from 2014 , in fact, tectonic changes began to take place in ukrainian society in that including relative interest in history, attitude to history, and these 300 days of war, in fact, only intensified these processes, this is of course a challenge for us, for historians, for the workshop of historians who, well, for a long time, actually wrote for themselves when our degrees, our positions, our

career advancement and so on depended solely on the evaluation of colleagues, and writing for the general public to be included in social processes was considered absolutely not commilfo part due to the fact that inclusion in these ee-e wider and social processes by the 91st actually began to leave history as a profession from the side and engage in propaganda that was required of us then by the communist party, the communist regime, it has changed but uh, the change of attitude in the professional environment has turned out to be an extremely long process and a more conservative process if the record request today is also the question of how we historians can we will be able to answer it. because the questions that society always asks in

war or not in war are one and the same. where are we from or are we children? where are we going? the center of public attention is what is happening today. well, ukrainian independence itself, you remember it well in the 90s, was not connected with the answer to political historical questions, first of all, there were answers to economic questions, and then we already had to say what if we don't we will be able to answer the historical question, you will not always have the question: why does this state exist at all, how does it differ from neighboring russia, why did it become independent, or did the exceptional economy and welfare become a platform for a huge number of ukrainians in order to live in an independent state, and it always seemed that these are all historical issues that are not at the time, that it is necessary to first build a state that is economically very efficient and

only then talk about differences, and meanwhile in neighboring russia, it seems to me that either completely opposite or parallel processes were going on, russia was changing economic, but also political and historical turned into that. this is actually a return to pre -soviet narratives related to the history of historiography until the 17th year in ukraine also sought the truth about the history of hrushevskyi's work in the writings of people who worked until the 17th year, but what they found was actually mostly ukrainian liberal nationalism or national historical paradigms, what putin and others found when they sought mediation and served others to the russian narrative before the 17th year was an empire was an imperial birth and it

was actually very clearly adopted by the state and the state became the main main promoter, so to speak, but also the main policeman of this process of the historical historical reconstruction of russia that the same thing that changed during the soviet imperial times, the soviet union - it is the center of a superpower, society was actually completely leveled and pushed aside commissions were created about the truth of the history of the second world war and so on. and not only determined how to write, but also determined how those who do not will be punished write thus , at that time, what was happening in ukraine was actually a competition of several narratives, from liberal-national to soviet post-soviet to radical

nationalist, and this process was that quite naturally, it happened gradually with the change of generations, but what does this mean that when the time of testing came in 2014, in particular, it turned out that russia has a very strong, aggressive imperial narrative supported by the state, to which ukraine was not ready , was not ready to respond, that is, look, for example, at the st. george tape and the second world war, that is, russia actually came with a very developed, very flexible narrative of the second world war, but a single narrative at a time when the second world war in ukraine became one of the most key e-e moments of disagreement and discussion, the russian

narrative turned out to be extremely more flexible . that is, there you could associate yourself with victory, say, in the second world war or participation in the great patriotic war, without necessarily associating yourself with communism or not necessarily associating yourself with stalin, while uh, the divisions in the uh-uh ukrainian discourse , which were supported by russia, came down to actually uh-uh absolute radicalization of views, i.e. if you are a ukrainian, if you somehow look at the second world war with ukrainian eyes, you must be from bandera, i.e. connection with the same upa, connection with the same liberation war without connection with the radical nationalism of the period was virtually impossible, that is, in this war of narratives in 2014, we found ourselves in a very, very

weak position, and this weak position was actually leveled at during the last eight years, ukrainian society met this weight with a much more ready awareness of itself and its history than it was in the 14th year, i know this simply from personal experience from the demand that appeared for historical literature in ukraine in including translations of some of my books, i would like to clarify about these two negatives of russian-ukrainian, but first of all i will clarify about the russian people because you are talking about the imperial narratives of russian thinking . a classical national state with a small group of national minorities, because ethnic russians make up the majority of the population of the russian federation, it seems to us that 85% are now, and there are even more speakers of the russian language how can such a state consider itself an empire, so

how did people manage to convince people that it is an empire when it is just an ordinary national state, it is an unusual national state, it is on the way to becoming a national state with an extremely strong tradition of existence as an empire, that is, in fact, for the first time, russian the federation or russia, if we did not define it, received a border of institutions that were separate from the empire only with lenin in 22-23 years when the soviet union was created, but even then the association of russia and of the soviet union, both inside russia and outside the soviet union, that is, during the cold war, russia and the soviet union

were substitute words. that is, they were defined as one and the same thing, and to learn empires to exist in the context of a modern state, which is still only forms is informed by the national state after centuries of existence in other contexts. this is a very, very difficult process, just like how to learn for ukrainians whether the national project arose in the struggle with the state in opposition to the state, to learn to live in a state that is even one's own state, this is also processes are also very difficult and this change seems to me in the conditions of the russian-ukrainian war that began in 14th year, so it continued on such a large scale this year, this is an extremely serious impetus for reformatting not only the ukrainian

identity and our way and the opportunity to live in our own state to appreciate to use it for society, but it is also an extremely great impetus for reformatting the russian identity, which until now actually uses the models of the russian empire and the great the russian nation, where there is a lot of dew, there is little dew of belarusians, it is all one big nation under this flag, the war began in the 14th year and continues this year . about what we should not take occurs not only in ukraine, it also occurs in russia, and the message about this message about this is sent more and more with a load of 200 well, and about the ukrainian peoples, don't you think that what is happening now is certain

the common vision of historical processes and state processes is connected not only now with the competition of, let's say, different scientific approaches and different political approaches, which are now not important from the point of view of the survival of the state and the nation itself, but simply because after the events of 2013-2014, a real a political nation that is no longer limited by ethnic borders, of course, of the ukrainian people themselves, for 100 years, ukrainians have tried to keep themselves young, there was no other way, i would say another council was like an ethnic one project in the ukrainian state, now we see a political project of a political nation and it is developing before our eyes, the project of a political nation was actually formed among the dissidents of the ukrainian government, so

to speak, the condominium that was created at that time was extremely important from this point of view, if you look at the helsinki groups in russia into dissidents of russia, they were divided between relatively speaking the sahara and human rights and the democratic process and sushenitsyn russian nationalism in ukraine within the framework the helsinki group was a combination of a combination of national and democratic elements, and ukraine in 1991 arose as a project, at least as a promise of a project of a political nation, because of a project nation that they tried to implement in the 17-18-19-20s, it was not realized that is, it could not defend itself partly due to ethnic, linguistic, religious , and so on, divisions between cities and villages

, in particular, and the project of 1991, it was a project of the unification of a ukrainian-speaking village and a russian-speaking place with a multi-ethnic population on the basis of already territorial the ideas of the state and the territorial idea of ​​the nation, but it was actually only a promise, the implementation began, or rather, the implementation began already then, but we saw the results only in 2014 , we did not know how successful this process was or not, the fact that ukraine survived in 2014-2015 showed that these previous ten were not completely wasted, that is, russia came up with the idea that if you speak russian, you are a russian, your loyalty must be to russia, you must welcome the russian troops, slides on motorola, and so on with flowers and part of the population as well

and did, but the majority refused to do it. and this model of linguistic cultural identity and loyalty was opposed by the idea that we are not united around one language, we are not united around one religion, despite the fact that the symbolic value of the ukrainian language is extremely great, but the war is being waged in two languages ​​at least and many nationalities and loyalty is to this state about which many have never thought positively because it provides the foundations of freedom and liberty which for us are absolutely absolutely natural and which we understood after the 14th year, they are not guaranteed by any other state , that is, on the contrary, another state comes and takes away and the 22nd year is the

next step on this path, the role of the ukrainian language in ukrainian culture is growing this is absolutely obvious, especially in the conditions when the language was used as a tool for destabilization, for the destabilization of the state, the question is how to preserve political, cultural and so on pluralism , that is, internal freedom, which today the ukrainian army protects the ukrainians, the ukrainian society, tell me, mr. serhiy. and what parallels do you see with that war in recent history? the president of ukraine quoted the prime minister of great britain during his speech at the united states congress. youth, in churchill's famous speech, which he emphasized . that great britain will never lay down its arms before the reich and you really see

here the parallels between the current war and the second world war by the way these parallels are drawn by the president of russia vladimir putin now only with a different sign means. thus, one of the british correspondents called president zelenskyi churchill with an iphone, that is, these parallels are not only in the person of, let's say, the leader of today's leader of ukraine and then the leader of the leader of great britain. and this war is the biggest military military political conflict military conflict in europe since the second world war since 2014 the annexation of crimea and now the formal annexation of the territory that even the russians control in the south in the east of ukraine - this is also the first

example of the annexation of the territory of one state to the territory of another state in europe after 1945 , that is, look at the number of refugees, look at the number of troops, look at the amount of suffering, look at the level of war crimes, we have nowhere else to look and look for parallels than the second world war. so this is absolutely clear this is absolutely , absolutely obvious, even if you look at the rhetoric used by both sides of the russian-ukrainian war - at a certain level - this is an attempt to use