[000:00:00;00] shelling, but you understand that russia already does not have that force, they already have the missiles that they launched, they already do not have them in that amount, so we, uh, despite all the fact that we are talking about some kind of physical escalation there on the front line, after all, we we believe that this year will be much better for ukraine. i also wanted to ask you about those instruments that, in principle, are also used by the ukrainian government and the national bank, but the day before, there was interesting information that for the first time in a long time , ovdp, yes, a bond of the domestic state loans, but this happened only because a new interest rate was applied to them in the short-term udp , that is, it increases even more, it is very expensive for us , because in a year or two we will have to

pay certain dividends, so there is also a large privatization program behind this we understand that this is a contribution, well, the extraordinary work of the ukrainian cabinet of ministers, which is being carried out , but to what extent can we expect the effects of all these tools in the conditions of war, see, in general, if we talk about politics of the national bank. i am very satisfied with how it was conducted because, considering the full-scale war, we were able to survive, we were able to get the economy, and for you to understand , it is difficult, but this is a huge victory for ukraine. i do not think that the west all the more so russia thought that we would be able to go this way, so this is from a positive point of view. by the way , we are also normal now, we have gold and currency reserves, that is, the national bank is holding

its own, serious diffraction infectious processes are taking place in us, and accordingly because there is a revaluation of the ovdp and other instruments that the state uses today, that's why we will have inflation, we understand that, they will issue money, hryvnias, hryvnias will be devalued, we understand that because, well, we have to survive this period of war, but with of the other side. if we talk about such issues as information, then in principle i believe that it should be done regardless of whether we are now in a period of war or we will be in peacetime , because many people say that now it is not worth privatizing because, for example, but myself privatization will take place at low prices because, after all, e -e assets are risky and it will be difficult to find buyers for them, but i will tell you yes, if the state chooses the right directions in which to carry out

privatization as a priority, even if they give the enterprises to private hands for free it will be positive, that's why i've always been a supporter of the privatization of free markets, that's why i think it 's a very right step, and even during the war , it should be done. we know that the average annual exchange rate of the dollar in the budget of the 23rd year is 42 hryvnias 20 kopecks, now economists say that it will be possible even below 50 hryvnias depends on many factors, what is your opinion , what can we expect in the near future and what does it depend on? only my opinion. recently, about a month ago, there was a forum in spain where the main agencies that give ratings were presented to the world , including the same er moody, the same goldman, sex, gp morgan, they assessed the situation

, what will happen to the currency in ukraine stable that is, why is it stable? because that is how the aid that comes to ukraine, and it comes in huge amounts , it comes in hard currency , and accordingly, because of this, and when there is a demand for currency, for example, let's say the same dollar, we have a dollar, you understand, and that is why, in principle, this demand it will be possible to satisfy this one stabilizing factor, well, the second stabilizing factor is, after all , the fact that the national bank will keep uh , uh, and some limits of this currency. that is, we now have a stable exchange rate because it is fixed by the national bank and if the national bank will see that it is risky to let the exchange rate float freely, so i think that they will regulate it, so in principle there will be some stability, i think, by the way, returning to this

forecast, the average forecast was somewhere at the level of 41 of one hryvnia to the dollar that is, it is the analysts that what they predicted was successful, an interesting opinion was voiced that for example , the economy of the united states, this is me to the dollar , now uh, this is a question, the economy of the united states, in principle, it is now in conditions of excessive liquidity, yes, that is, this in fact, explain to roman, it means that a dollar is enough, and there is enough of this money mass, in principle, it will be enough for ukraine , including us and i. i am an economist. something was not in accordance with the period of the pandemic. we printed too much money. of course, the dollar has an advantage in that the demand for it exists in the whole world, and that is why even the investment processes that exist today in the whole world are precisely the result

of that policy, and that is why the dollar really has a lot of it and it is enough, and what is more, i will say that now inflation in the united states has stopped a little. and in the last month it was even the indicators were negative, and in principle, looking at today's data, we see that the federal reserve, in turn, is already slowing down the growth of the interest rate. of course, they said that they will keep the interest rate stable. -e during this year, when the interest rate is high , people do not want to take money, but if we are talking about a stable interest rate and you understand that next year it will most likely fall because, after all, we want the economy grew, so that people took loans, invested in business and so on, then we expect something, the interest rate in the united states will be, which means a more accessible dollar

, so the dollar is really enough for the united states and will pay for it for ukraine , an important question is what is happening in russia, what will the economy be like there are now hidden closed economic reports, almost most of what is happening in russia, but we have already voiced the information that only six percent of e-e companies with foreign capital have left the russian market since february 24, since the full-scale invasion, it is known that the largest taxpayers to the russian budget are tobacco companies, because almost a quarter of russians smoke and it is these companies that are very painful for them to leave this market and they well, let's say they finance and feed a very huge number of people in russia, what will happen there, why these companies remain, this is a story exclusively business economy, which is more important than the idea, a very correct question , we are constantly fighting with these, we are fighting even at the level

of legislation now, i, together with my friends and colleagues, have now proposed such a to file such an appeal, the law requires that all companies that public dinners, i.e., in which uh, our shares are sold at the public auction, so that they now have to indicate uh, uh, whether their business cooperates with russia or not. imagine the apple company, if the business cooperated with it, would you buy it er, apple’s stock and there is such a red flag, be careful because they work with russia and now if this happens in the united states of america, in principle, it will seriously hit the reputation of many companies that still have at least one share in russia, but i'm not on but after all, for those 6%, see, more than a thousand companies initiated the exit, they exit at different stages , it is not easy to exit the business just like that, that is, even when

you have assets. you have colossal assets worth billions of dollars or rubles, and those assets it is necessary to sell because it is not so easy when even the company decided to leave the russian market completely companies that have already announced that they are leaving, they will simply leave again because of the liquid liquidity of their capitals, they cannot do it so quickly in relation to the number of companies. in fact, the number of companies is not so important because there are many small foreign companies that do business with russia, but they actually do not have much influence on the russian economy when we talk about the giants, those are the companies that were the first to appear there, the google facebook company itself. that is, these are the giants that have their own

microsoft, that have their own representative offices in russia in coca-cola, these are the largest companies, and it is in percentage terms, and perhaps there are not as many of them as these small companies. but if we talk specifically in terms of losses for russia , then these are colossal losses, and these thousand plus companies that leave will not return ok, thank you for your opinion. roman sheremeta, professor of economics at case western university, rector of the american university of kyiv, was in direct contact with us. well, then about the work of the parliament during the war , european integration and deprivation mandates of the fugitive deputies, our colleague oleg panyuta spoke with the chairman of the verkhovna rada , ruslan stefanchuk, about all this, let's see, mr. ruslan, thank you for the opportunity to talk with you for 11 months, and the country and the parliament, as well as part of the country, live in

conditions of full-scale aggression, and it is clear that the parliament too had to restructure differently and perceive and start working differently, but then 11 years and 11 months ago and now the tasks in the parliament are a little different and different , what are we working on now, i'll start with what oleksandra wants to thank you for the fact that tomorrow i was asked that it is very important today in the period of a full-scale war to fully convey the information that concerns state authorities and in particular the only legislative body, which is the parliament , without a doubt, during all 11 months, first of all, we worked on several such important structures of course, this issue is related to the e-e parliamentary opposition to russian aggression, the adoption of relevant legislative acts that bring the economy and

social relations to the rails of martial law these issues are related to the political component, these are constant appeals, constant work with the parliaments of other countries, with other , let's say, with officials in order to promote the agenda of ukraine, first of all, this is a question of recognizing the russian federation as an aggressor country these are issues related to the recognition of what is being done in ukraine as genocide of the ukrainian people, this is a historical connection with the recognition of the genocide of the holodomor, which took place in ukraine 90 years ago, and a number of other political issues. that is, it is actually a political reaction on what is happening today in ukraine and in the world, in addition to this, we determined a lot of things in terms of our progress as a candidate country for the european union to implement all my recommendations that ukraine received and, first of all, we implemented them at the level of the parliament we have done everything that was required of us and we are ready to continue working. and we will now

put political pressure on the fact that ukraine is ready for negotiations on full membership in the european union. another component is the issues that concern ukraine's accession to nato, and by the way, together with european, even with a european perspective, this will be our task for the near future, because on september 30, as you know, i am the president of their respective appeal for ukraine's accession to nato, and we are now very actively working on all these directions. we, er, really hope for the vilnius nato summit we are preparing all the necessary legislative initiatives for this to happen, another component even when we will definitely work - this is the issue of implementing the peace formula proposed by the president of ukraine volodymyr zelenskyi - these are 10 steps we are currently preparing legislative initiatives are necessary in the parliaments of the countries of the world, because it is in them that the primary policy is formed and it is they who can press those political decisions

from the relevant countries, that is why the parliament has changed . the parliament is perhaps less engaged in political issues now, although politics in the parliament has left, but it is much less, it deals more with the economy and more deals with defense, more deals with the issue of protection, including social protection of ukrainians and servicemen returning from their the families of the victims and the issues of our international support, so i would briefly describe it as follows: during this period , we held 42 meetings. i want to emphasize that we held all these meetings in one place from the first day of february 24, when we gathered in the parliament at 7 o'clock in the morning, and from there did not include all 427 days, all 700 were spent there with a penny of legislative acts that we will consider and removed there, and we believe that the parliament was, is and remains the place of decision-making in

ukraine, and that is why it is a center like what undoubtedly, it deserves the trust of ukrainian society, but the parliament is, first of all, people, people's elected representatives , and from the first days, someone is on the front lines, both as a legislator, and as a volunteer, and as a soldier-protector . during the already full-scale aggression or for a certain time, the parliament today is not the smallest in terms of its composition, taking into account those people who are not represented in ukraine now . how do you feel about those people and do we have the opportunity to return these people or vice versa and to remove from the political life of the country in a legal way it is very important your environment in the end because for us the priority is that ukraine in the whole world has demonstrated that we are not a country that solves issues in a different

way than it is provided by law and that is why we are valued and that is why we are listened to and that is why ukraine receives support because we do not implement excuse me and how does the neighbor implement it for such a period of time on the a bespredel it is impossible to do in addition to this we realize that any illegal decision has great the prospects of an appeal in court, and we want this decision to be once and for all, and that is why when we talk about the number of parliamentarians in the parliament today, 410 people's deputies are really one of the smallest indicators, because we have already purged a lot of them, but we purged them all in a legal way, someone wrote a statement , someone lost his citizenship, someone died, but we will continue to move in the direction of cleaning the verkhovna rada from those people who have set themselves other priorities than fulfilling the oath of a people's deputy of ukraine and now, as of the next meetings , i think that we may still

have the prospect of depriving about five people's deputies who escaped from ukraine on february 24, depriving them of their respective powers early, depriving them of their respective powers, but i emphasize once again that all this will be carried out in the way that is provided for by the constitution of ukraine and the law of ukraine. this is a priority for us, you know , as a citizen of ukraine who cares about what is happening in the country, it is probably very difficult to see how they are protected in the monaco-ukraine battalion and or look at those people who signed the dictatorial laws of yanukovych and now the parliament is also rejoicing or er convincing them of their euro-atlantic orientation. how can people live with this and how to prevent it from continuing ? every politician from the first a is, first of all, a person, and therefore a truly deep sense of justice is the main and starting point that unites all of us

ukrainians, but we must realize that any decision that will be made in the parliament is not in accordance with the constitution or laws will lead to e-e inversely the proportion of the proportional result, that is, these people will have time at any time to resume their respective positions to demand appropriate compensation from the budget of ukraine therefore, any decisions it must not only be made correctly from the point of view of its ultimate goal, but also the way it should have been laid out directly to him, and therefore we want to understand everything absolutely clearly , so as not to leave a single loophole for someone who can later challenge this decision. yes , this is a big procedure, long procedures me too sometimes it's uh, let's say it's confusing, but i realize that if we don't follow all these procedures, we'll simply hand over the keys to the further return of this injustice, but it's best to do it once, but according to all points of the law and

according to all the requirements provided for in the constitution and in for everything else, but believe me, everyone and everyone has a desire during the war. do you have the feeling that the parliament, the work of the parliament is to some extent closed? not everything can be said or not everything is covered as it would be in normal times. or can this approach be changed and does the parliament really do everything to make the citizens of ukraine aware of its activities? well, i will start by saying that we must be aware of one thing . the main task of the russian federation is the elimination of decision-making centers. i just want to inform you that the parliament is not just a legislative body in state a is the only legislative body in the state, we do not have a higher or lower instance that could replace the parliament in terms of functionality, and the most complex

decisions are made precisely in the parliament in accordance with the requirements of the constitution and therefore disregarding the security of the parliament. i think it would be not quite right, and when there is a balance of interests, that is, the main value of openness and the issue of the security of the preservation of the body. it seems to me that we should find a compromise that will satisfy us all from the first days, we immediately worked out a whole series of issues related to the eviction of the activities of the parliament, as necessary, we continued to cover the activities of the parliament, and even now we are with you in such a wide-ranging focus parliamentarian, we are communicating with you, in addition to this, we definitely refused the live broadcasts of the parliament, and this is clearly due to the fact that this is very clearly under threat to the parliament as an institution, but we agreed with colleagues and deputies that everything is , everything that is accepted in the parliament, we cover in an hour after the completion of the activities of the parliament in order to inform the people of the country in order to

inform everyone about the decisions that were made about the discussions that were how it was decided, you know that we passed the law about the media and there are provided for, including the issue of the recognition of the activities of the parliament and the further work of the tv channel, where will it also be with the postponed during the wartime period, but the demonstration of all the main events that take place in the parliament, the parliament has always been open to the public because the parliament is the people's house and we must understand that the activities of the parliament must be open, which means accountable to society, and we are ready for this, but we are aware that we must now act on issues of the balance of national security and a matter of public interest, so it seems to me that while we have been able to do this since the first days of a large-scale war, the whole country rushed to help the army, whoever can, and volunteering is also a movement thanks to which we should thank the fact that people supported and support the army

perhaps there are also such among the deputies. i know that there are such initiatives to help with the armed symbol to help in humanitarian issues , is there a humanitarian center or a volunteer center among the deputies, i will tell you that we have a lot of people's deputies is engaged in the humanitarian component and in the volunteer component, i.e. we have people who cooperate with foundations that deal with the delivery of humanitarian workers from abroad . we have people who take care of the issues of displaced persons. that several times in the parliament we held large meetings with the participation of all volunteer organizations, we came to them with one question, how can we help you, and in two or three meetings we resolved all the main questions that the volunteers had because this dialogue is a very important thing. we must hear what concerns them, what legislative precautions , moreover, it was gathered not only by the parliament, i gathered all

the representatives of the cabinet of ministers and law enforcement agencies in all those who dealt with issues , for example, the national bank of ukraine, because the question transfer of funds, this is also further issues of customs, issues of the tax office, all these issues were solved comprehensively, as far as i know now, and if there are any non-small issues, we have normalized all the rest or in a legislative way or gave the appropriate mandate to other bodies. if these issues accumulate again, we too. we have such deputies who are on holiday and who have to keep in constant contact with our fellow volunteers and we are always in constant contact and we cover it. what did we do? and what will we do besides this? i would like to say that among the deputies there are some deputies who participate directly in the armed forces of ukraine , who are on the front lines. we are proud of these deputies because they demonstrate a completely new the quality of a people's deputy is a person who not only works on legislative matters, but who also

protects the state directly by his example, so it seems to me that in the vast majority of today's parliament has demonstrated to the whole world and the whole society that he is with the people and everyone who comes to ukraine, they are all surprised by the stability and the opposition of which is demonstrated by the ukrainian parliament, the current composition of the parliament, and you, as the head of the parliament, you started as the majority, and the influence of the president on work faction, was he high, is he still the same, and are the same people who were two years ago and now, are they still listening to him, and is it possible to talk about how they said in the 19th that president zelensky can lead the parliament, you know a lot such myths or some other things are fueled when the positional party in the parliament starts talking about the fact that we have a parliamentary-presidential republic, so

let's reshape some relations, but we forget one thing that the president and the force that came to the parliament are one political force and therefore, it is clear that the ideas, let's say, are programmatic, the principles are the same, we have nothing to argue about, because everything is explained. and on paper, the war has definitely made its corrections . there is no doubt that we clearly coordinate all activities with all state authorities . the council of the cabinet of ministers in order to talk about what is the most impudent and integral in the country today is definitely accepted after a general discussion. and this is normal, this is how the government that acts should work in the period of martial law, if we now bring the principle of lybid cancer and pike here, it will be the worst gift for the ukrainian people , so it seems to me that precisely the issue of joint discussion of the agenda

of the state's activities, joint decision-making and joint responsibility for their effectiveness is probably our e- it is a capstone that will give us the opportunity to get a victory in the country in terms of preserving unity, because by the way , on the 22nd, we celebrated the day of unity , the day of the unity of ukraine and, apparently, the unity today it is also a value that we all scraped off the rust because a lot of principles that we always talked about, they simply have already faded behind the words, and today is the time for the resurrection of those values ​​that we talked about, this is justice, i will repeat myself once again , is it the cathedral - this is unity and this is a joint victory, and when we understand that this is a priority, we will definitely win this war, if we only understand that this

priority should remain only in words , and then some incomprehensible political activity is carried out, we simply do not teach well history lessons, i always say to all those who start to shake up certain things in the parliament, i really refer them to the lessons of 1918-1921. ukraine already had this in ukraine. who have not read and learned these lessons of history, that is why for me there is only one priority and i am convinced that it is for the vast majority of parliamentarians to save ukraine, win a victory and do everything so that the success story of ukraine becomes the success story of the whole world and one more question i'm sorry, you mentioned the day of unity. and i think many ukrainians can't get the tragedy in the dnipro out of their heads. and

what 's the most terrible thing? and in this context, many people are talking about the need for a special service to exist in ukraine, which, without waiting for international courts to decide on judicial bodies, would identify these criminals and implement what the israeli special service masat did and sometimes does. can the verkhovna rada also look into in this direction. can we take on the necessity of legislative support for the activity of such a judicial decision of those who are criminals for ukrainians, do you know any e-e solution i really like the phrase that was said by one of the american generals for every difficult question, it is understood by everyone , we are receptive to everyone but the decision is wrong , that's why i'm not a fan of simple solutions to complex issues, i believe that such an issue

should be a very serious discussion, but the issue of gunners, the issue of saboteurs must definitely be resolved, must be resolved effective for this. we have special services that should. i think that the amount of authority they have is absolutely sufficient in order to carry out appropriate measures and to eliminate these threats to ukraine if any other things are needed in the intelligence and counterintelligence the verkhovna rada is always ready to speak to make the right wise and difficult decision. i sincerely wish you this

. thank you for the conversation. good luck. thank you. life every day every day every second during the war and hospitals became fortresses of light where they heal not only the body through fatigue and pain they continue to protect the flame of hope their reward our smiles and hugs their joy another saved person they know this not everyone's life is therefore protected the light inside us, we are grateful to the doctors who