[000:00:00;00] and the production of, for example, yes, ship diesel engines in china. and we know that before, for example, for russian ships of contemporaries that they are building, which are now shelling ukraine from the crimea to a small extent, they use them as engines, and it seems that they used german diesel engines by the company mt- after the german ban was imposed, they began to dig the same chinese ones in china, there are whole factories that build them under licenses. the same diesel engines that were developed in germany are provided by germany. technological support supplies them with machines and so on or personnel, that is, all this can be forgotten, and this is a serious such

effect on the economy of china. there are many such industries . that is, i think that such a variant of some kind of economic manifestation is being worked out, and i think that china is not will be satisfied because of the fact that the united states of europe will act like this, and this stops them a little, but they are again balancing , looking at all the pros and cons of such and such support. thank you andriy ryzhenko express center of defense strategy and captain the first rank of the reserve of the armed forces of ukraine was with us, we are moving on, we will also talk about russia well, what else should we do, eh, petro burkovsky, executive director of the democratic initiative foundation named after ilko kucherev , is joining us now. meanwhile, you know what i want to say, i want to also, ask peter what he thinks, in principle, about this

already in principle , this is a constant practice that the government in action places this too. what funds in this case are you forced to receive this survey in your pocket? well, it means that the entire survey is sociological. but they simply then refer to the results of these surveys, for example, at the time of voting in the parliament or at the consideration of bills in the relevant committees of the parliament or in the government for meetings that is , they are referred to as official data. if it is a manipulation, then one must respond to the manipulation. if it is not a manipulation, well then , ok, i would like to hear the opinion of the commercial

association petro burkovsky executive the director of the democratic initiatives foundation named after ilko kucherev joins us by phone, mr. peter good morning, good morning, glory to ukraine, this is a small introduction from andriy , an emotional one, about the polls that are currently being conducted and about the fact that the results of these polls, eh, besides the fact that they were in actions they still find themselves on the pages of our media, you just understand it, it is all very reminiscent, that is, if sociology is an important moment of democracy and a tool of democracy, and it turns out that we can conduct surveys ourselves instead of sociologists, and we want to we formulate them as we want, we interpret them and then we say that this is the majority of ukrainians and so on and so on, so we can successfully hold elections in the action there, only the users of the action will vote only those that we like and we ourselves will report these, well, in principle, we it seems that we are going with our electronic voting, on which we are endlessly told about in one state structure, mr. peter lives

first opinion as a sociologist, what do you think this survey is in action or not let's say so no those that do not correspond to the spirit and letter of democracy, well, look first, no, i do not think that this does not correspond to the spirit and letter of democracy . this is a survey, but it is not a sociological survey , its results cannot be presented as the results of a public opinion survey. decided to take part in it, about representativeness, and the question is not and cannot be, and mr. peter, well , then look, we had a poll about what we should do with the family, the mother in those actions, if i i'm not mistaken, there were also options, but then again it was a state decision, that is, the minister of culture somehow commented on this situation based on this survey, that is

, they are used precisely for the adoption of state decisions, accordingly, it is used as an element of the functioning of democracy in the country , precisely because he formulated the question so harshly , is it fully corresponds to democratic practices in this case, now look again at what is done in action, it does not contradict democracy. yes, but the fact that our minister of cultural policy, information policy does not the person who needs to be fired is another matter. so it is clear that using the results of voting in action as a justification for serious decisions and decisions that are regulated by legislation in our country , because we have a law on decommunization. yes, we have legislation that regulates activities in the field of of construction and improvement, because after all, monuments are the same issue of construction and improvement, etc. well, this

does not testify to the unprofessionalism of the minister who uses such tools for substantiation or decision-making, i'll try to put a little emphasis on it, okay, less than that, but anyway, i'll just say one more time for the audience literally for one second, 2 million people who voted in action that 42 million of the population of ukraine, we just count what percentage of the population is this the first moment of them, of them, only 60% voted for some issues, that is, it was from strength, 3% expressed their opinion on some issue, it cannot be called a majority. but i understand that it is possible that 60% in the country support leaving the day off. maybe there will be 30 percent of us who would vote for us to have, i don't know, every other day off. well, that doesn't mean that this is some kind of opinion that is healthy, mr. peter, but i still wanted to clarify one thing with you because

, again, there are a lot of people of different professions, they do not know the intricacies of the profession of a sociologist and you say that what is in action cannot be called sociology what and what does sociology mean, why can you trust the polls of sociologists and you cannot rely on what is conducted by the action in order to conduct a survey. first you need to understand the population in the country, what gender, age, where they live , so it is necessary to have the following basic socio-demographic indicators, which were, respectively. if the sample is formed correctly, emphasizing statistical accuracy, it can approximately

reflect public opinion with fairly high accuracy. yes, but let's also distinguish what is a section of public opinion and there are , for example, elections , so, so, so, so, so, so, so, so, so, so, so, so, so, so, so, so, so, so, so, so, so, so, so, so, so, so, so, so, so, election you know, our elections, well, in peacetime, they actually serve as a measure of how accurate the calculations of sociologists in ukraine are, i can say quite accurately before the war, in peacetime, polls, in particular, about ratings about people’s preferences. they quite accurately showed what people think, so the main ones

trends, which parties will pass the parliament, which parties will not pass , who will be in the first place and so on, and a plus. we also have such a tool as the exit poll, it is more complex. there is a much larger sample, we are talking about several tens of 15,000 people, at least throughout the country, but it gives very accurate results the results in ukraine for sociology there is an error of about one 15% in certain cases it can be a smaller percentage with the official results and hope it is not such a tool at all , well, i hope we have explained to our viewers at least some intricacies there what what and why and how everything is arranged now they said let's talk about russia we all understand that the mood of russia is very important to know and we understand that it is difficult to measure them there and because there is no sociology the problem there the problem there is only such things as polls

action but not in action , not this one, not with the help of electronic questionnaires. and here, that is, me . what can we say about the mood of the russian federation, what can we say about the enthusiasm of the russian federation? we understand that putin is now trying to show this to the so-called ied which he does not even call a war, nevertheless, they are trying to demonstrate this very war, to show the russians as a war such a sacred war. how is it to say to the countrymen that if we lose to the ukrainians, then we will lose to the western world and there will be no russia? is putin succeeding in this or is the support for this war still high? does the support and trust for putin and the russian authorities remain high, you know in this matter, the answer to this question, i would quote the russian sociologist liva

hudkova, he is the scientific director, uh, divati the center is um, well, the only independent structure that still exists continues to function, how difficult is it to choose, and in today's russia uh , here he is in an interview. by the way, ukrainian journalists in poland said that sociology in russia has now recorded uh, well that we were already fixed by the death of democracy before the war. first of all, and secondly , as for the war itself, it was a shock for lev gudkov himself to see how low and how low the resistance is in this war and how great the conformism is and such passive support of war aggressiveness protonism

of the russian population and indifference to the fact that their country, their government is causing terrible crimes in ukraine , this is the opinion of a russian sociologist who studied his society for more than 30 years. it is such that this is a society that is dying, that has no prospects for development , everything is very bad, and this support for the war. well, it shows that the fact that the people completely resigned themselves to their arab fate and only some huge upheaval, well, it is not even known , some other huge upheaval, the defeat will be able to change this opinion, he assumes that the defeat well can start some processes in the elites there, but he very much doubts that the vast majority of the russian population will take part in these processes, on the other hand, it will not , but who could, who could predict that the defeat

of the japanese and the war with the japanese would lead to the fall of the tsarism of the tsar, that the defeat in in the first world war, the president before the collapse of the empire in the 17th year of the revolution and the provisional government of the leadership, other reasons , the war, the defeat of the war against japan, it undermined something economically, the power of the state, yes , but in the revolution, there were a little, there were others deeper reasons for the 35th year, as far as the first world war is concerned, certain parallels can be drawn here. but again, look at the 17th year, the revolution happened only to a large extent because in 905-907 there was a huge revolutionary movement in the russian empire and throughout the russian

empire and ukraine, finland in poland, and that is why the revolution of the 17th year happened, and without those prerequisites now, well, i have not seen it in russia, for example, that is, russia is less now. i would say that it is revolutionary and suitable for change, it is more slavish than 100 years ago so i think so that the russian authorities once again succeeded in depriving the majority of the population of initiatives or demotivating them. they had to convince the russians that they are some kind of exceptional race, an exceptional nationality that has the right to kill, maim, rob, rape neighboring peoples. and that it is precisely in this right that the greatness of the russian people lies in the ability to destroy our neighbors in russia, i am not proud of this now, in the 17th year there was no such

thing, there was simply an undermining of faith in the tsar, who promised that we would win, but we lost. and now, well , the russian dictator. well, he is not what he is captured the opinions of all russians, but in previous years he repelled the desire to resist the authorities and try to change in russia, the majority of russians simply do not see an alternative, and the russian authorities did everything for this, they killed sadjal behind the bars of the opposition and forced them abroad, but during the last so-called partial mobilization a lot of active people simply fled the country, and there are no grounds for an uprising because of this, although the fact is that now they are mobilizing hundreds of thousands of men , they give them weapons, then on

the front lines throw them at will and if these people survive by some miracle and return to russia, i would not rule out that many of these people will want to join the legion of free russia to the russian volunteer corps and take revenge on the authorities for the misfortunes they experienced in ukraine mr. petar, i wanted to ask you one more thing. and if we translate the parallels, for example, with the two wars , when soviet citizens went to die for their families under stalin with their bare hands, they were told that the weapons where you will be in battle are not dressed, not equipped, and then the value life was also so meager because it is clear that women were taken in large numbers and that the russians who are mobilizing them are now harming them . they do not resist and go to

fight. with his creations of some myths about this boy from bryansk who covered the girls with his chest, this is all this education in schools, this lesson, what kind of glorification of fighting wars, throwing grenades and teaching this children's kindergartners later in schools, or do russians have the potential to die simply because it’s for the family and for putin, mmm well, some part obviously has the conviction of some part - it serves to replace the will or some of their own judgments, but they think so because that's how they think everywhere because they are ordered to think like that. russia uses its propaganda to change people's beliefs, so people don't believe it or not. they don't have

an alternative and they don't want to look for this alternative, and it's very important. say what's new , at least the last ones, well, exactly about 15-17 years they live in conditions when one opinion is imposed on them without an alternative that putin is not wrong, that he makes the right decisions, that the state knows better what is needed for their happiness, and that only the state depends on their well-being, freedom, and ultimately as a result, write their lives with their lives, they are obliged to the state , er, well, they have brought up such a ravish thinking here , the question is not that they are going to die for some beliefs, but because people have developed such a habit of doing as the state orders. thank you

mr. petra, petro burkovskyi, the director of the ilko kucherev democratic initiative foundation, was with us and talked a little about the same mysterious mysterious russian soul . the day of the protection of women's rights, this will be discussed in our next hour, we will definitely talk about it, we will hold a discussion, which of the politicians could congratulate women today , so what is the attack, dear women, we congratulate you on international women's day on this day filled with a special warmth with the city, this is a festive day in this country, they say about love and admiration for women, a lot depends on women. their work and generosity of spirit is important and valuable, the efforts

made by women to create an atmosphere of love and comfort in the family are important and valuable. who could say that today it is so in this country where women say beat means love. we will continue to talk about it in the next hour. in the meantime, we will now tell you about a special woman and it is also about how ukrainian women together with what we have full-scale invasion, they choose for themselves the right to defend their land regardless of that, and not only when they are given the place to be a medic, but in addition, they choose for themselves a place next to men to defend their land at the same level. service that survived in mariupol

, returned from captivity by the occupiers, was at positions near mariupol for several months , saved wounded soldiers in the city , survived captivity, eventually returned to the army and her story. she told our khrystyna parubiy, let's take a look at this incredible woman, these are the happy moments of the border woman lyudmila kravchuk, after being captured by the russians, she met her relatives for the first time after the woman had fought hard for mariupol and spent six months in russian torture camps, now she is

a lieutenant of the department of social and humanitarian support of the state border service of ukraine in the army have been serving since 2019. i came voluntarily after working as a psychologist at school. i am a patelist. i believe in fate. i just radically decided to change even were such thoughts to go abroad, but somehow well, it so happened that the border service, and i think, ok, they were recruiting a new face of the border service, i decided to apply , and it so happened that i came to serve in the state border service of ukraine, i was an inspector paramedic at the checkpoint in volyn when she signed the first contract, she was clearly sure that she had to go to the east, but then the circumstances were not conducive, the woman is raising her daughter on her own , they were still small, so she could not leave, and in

august 2021 she wrote a report and i was waiting for a rotation. i got to the mariupol direction for the first time. in the village of sartana, the ukrainian military was stationed before the full-scale war, as we call it . explosions were constantly heard. almost every day. first of all, they wished each other peace, that's what it was like for me, you know, it's quite vivid, that's what made them different from us, that is, these people who lived there, they already had this experience, but it was of course, it can't be compared, although the shooting was constant last year on february 24, the russian military began an offensive from the position where lyudmila's unit was stationed. on that day, the ukrainian military had to quickly rebase and defend mariupol. the woman admits that it was very difficult because the city was constantly bombarded. aviation and artillery worked every day until mid-march. the woman

evacuated the wounded from the outskirts of mariupol. and when they bombed the hospital, they started rescuing the wounded at the ilyich metallurgical plant , well, these were basements, we call them bunkers, there was an operating theater equipped there, people were taken out as much as possible it is necessary in order to carry out deputation operations there, and so on, we worked 15-20 hours a day, but in fact, in a non-stop mode, now there were two or three heavy ones that needed to be operated urgently. 12 and we left, he only let me actually do the dressings and it lasted until three or four in the morning , the injuries were different and many with small fragments, wounds, scratches, contusions , they worked very quickly, the more intensive work was with more difficult cases when the wounded operations were needed every day, there were amputations of arms, legs, and even two limbs at once

. each case was extremely difficult , unique in its own way, and such operations were performed that i simply do not know how we did it at all. there was a man who had a serious injury to the head, that man survived so he had a gunshot wound through the head. so he passed away despite the fact that we had to move from the bunker to the bunker because we were under endless fire there in april, it became more difficult to stay in mariupol the supplies of medicine, food and water were running out to leave the city. it was impossible then to decide whether to break through or surrender to the enemy. everyone chose for themselves. the people had no doubts . she refused to surrender to the occupiers. i simply approached some soldiers and asked what

decision did you make? they said, well, we will. to try to get out i say take me with you because i am the only border guard here , there is no one else from my family and we quietly left the territory of the factory, we passed the territory of the factory nearby, one by one we all ran into the field and immediately everything was fine it is stipulated that if you suddenly cannot live, something will happen to you, you will be injured and so on, no one will take you away , that is, everyone took responsibility for their own life then and ironically ludmila was taken prisoner by the irony of fate. under the control of the occupiers there in the bunker, she was with other medics and defenders of mariupol, they were just some concrete hangars, you know, without anything, but without a rolled-up window, and it was still extremely cold, it was raining, it was being sold and so here we are

well, in fact, who had any sleeping bags on all that bridge- bi- under er, well, on the floor and they were forced to spend the night on it. next was the olenivka pre-trial detention center and prison and a women's colony in the kursk region. during interrogations, they asked about ukrainian weapons and crimes of the ukrainian military the occupiers constantly exerted moral pressure on the ukrainian prisoners, they ran erratically, er, just like that, so they were bent, and they didn’t walk, but ran, and everyone carried out this moral attack on us, they shouted, let ’s go faster with the baloykas. there were just enough workplaces, there were also zechki and in the same room there was a separate class they had a special class there were also machines and we also went to those jobs , there were some agro suits and right next to our room there was such a

hefty metal one a construction that completely burned this garbage and it produced a lot of soot and all this blew out our windows. so you have to sit all the time in october ludmila returned from captivity , she was released as part of a large-scale exchange when more than a hundred women prisoners of war returned home, they didn't know until the last it was sunday for monday , it was somewhere around five in the morning, it was still time for the team to get up, and they started to take us out of the cells, and that's how we hoped, we hoped that it was already going before the exchange, but i’m actually saying until the end , even when we were already on our way to ukraine, when we had already arrived on neutral territory, there is a reasonable person here and we would have worried so much , we wouldn’t

have interrupted this hour. i'm sorry, but i don't know who it is either i get calls after being captured lyudmila kravchuk was treated and rehabilitated for several months, now she has returned to the service and received the military rank of lieutenant for faithfulness to the military oath lyudmila received the order of courage of the third degree from the president of ukraine khrystyna parubiy espresso tv channel that week in the tv career collaborator program in exchange treason, how the russians recruited young people in the occupied south, i am not afraid of speaking well of russia, they should be afraid of what they say badly, who helped occupiers to loot kherson museums, huge exhibitions of aivazovsky's work on another konenka watch on wednesday, march 8 at 16:45 the program of collaborators with olena

kononenko on espret tv channel watch this week in the program judicial control with tetyana shustrava the competition for the highest qualification commission of judges how the candidate's family bought real estate capital's joint budget was managed by us in the family my husband and atypical punishment why the odessa judge appoints fraudsters to read frank and the frying pan we give them a chance to change their thinking and attitude towards those around you, on thursday, march 9, at 4:40 p.m., watch the judicial control program with tetyana shustrova on the espresso tv channel. greetings, dear viewers, this is the news of yana yava melnyk, together with the team, i will tell you about