[000:00:00;00] but somehow mine and salt, bakhmut soledar artemsil, these names are in the headlines of the world media every day. russia is trying to capture this region in particular and due to economic interest, the largest salt deposits in europe. in addition , the russians intend to hide ammunition in extensive deep mines, making them inaccessible. to defeat both of these cities miner's gypsum in bahmut and salt in saladar and we believe that this plays an important role in why the beauty is advancing so persistently literally throwing bodies into the meat grinder to get these two cities to during the war, the state enterprise artemsil supplied ukrainians with 90% of the salt they needed and also exported it to 15 countries around the world . once upon a time, ukrainian chumaks went for salt not only to

the crimea a and to bachmut in 1881, more than 140 years ago, the state enterprise artemsil started working here in april of last year the company mined salt for the last time, processed it, packed it, shipped it to trade networks and closed down due to the war , the company’s workshops and office buildings burned down, the equipment was destroyed, salt production was stopped, almost 2,500 workers remained without work and ukraine without its own salt began to become very hot and no one wanted to risk their lives, workers, packets of salt are becoming a shortage and even a rarity in ukraine, and salt is again not only a food product and business - it is a part of ukrainian culture, and salt gives such

this additional mood there is the salt of life, the salt , it is so associative, so i think that it somehow well, it turned me on to something like that, another direction, another idea, another concept, not just a drawing on paper, but a drawing on some text paper, and also the subject of salt, it was like that well, it was so interesting well, plus, the story is right there, because there was a story in the background , because well, this is probably the only story that has survived in such a package, the history of ukraine , one of oleksandr voytovych's paintings on the symbolic package of bakhmut there is already some salt in a private collection in washington in the united states. my attention was particularly drawn to charcoal drawings on salt packets . this is a modest material, but i think that most

ukrainians probably have it at home. i lived in ukraine for three years and had such salt packets. a beautiful creature that expresses joy on this humble material. you know this is a perfect example of the spirit of ukraine and this is the spirit of donbass. i spent two years as a peace corps volunteer in khmelnytskyi and also lived in kyiv for a year, so ukraine is close to me and i dare say in my heart it is the second that's why i really wanted to buy this painting in order to have a piece of ukraine in myself. donbas, before creating paintings on such an unusual material , oleksandr voytovych's student experience at the academy of arts led me to study somewhere at in the early 90s, there was a crisis for everything, including paper. and we students have to draw a lot , and accordingly we looked for any material on which we could draw, and we called it sausage paper or something else like that, we drew

on different, well, we experimented with soft materials there it was, as a rule, coal, something like this, there is such an artistic material, and accordingly well, i was somewhere adapted , well, now there is already a lot of material of luxurious paper , which you want to draw, and then there was a shortage at the beginning of the war, oleksandr voytovych also created a series of portraits of people of the time, a portrait of the former british prime minister boris johnson even got into the private collection of a politician. this is where the very strong support for ukraine began and this support for all of us and for me personally is associated with the image of the former prime minister boris johnson , his image became important to me and it was his i embodied in my series of portraits called portraits of time. it was this portrait that got into his private collection. this is the person who

actually rallied the event to help ukraine. at one of the ecclesiastical exhibitions in lviv, this work was purchased and this work went to the administration of the president. during boris johnson's last visit to ukraine, this portrait was presented to him. well, it was very nice. well , i heard that boris johnson was very happy. yes , i'm glad that this work got there. to his collection, oleksandr voytovych's interest in bakhmut salt turned out to be prophetic, the artist hopes that the title of the painting purchased by the american maura shelden victory hanna hard bread yaryna matviychuk kostyantyn golubchyk the voice of america will also be prophetic goodbye, also watch our

daily briefings at 18:00 kyiv time on youtube and facebook where you can ask us your questions. thank you for staying with us. have a peaceful night and a good morning. see you soon . we are looking for sixteen-year-old serhiy samoilov. the search for him has been going on for over a year , but he is still missing. no news serhiy lived in mariupol and it was there that he met the war, it is known that he stayed in the city for the first two weeks, and at the beginning of march he tried to escape to a more peaceful place, my social networks are open

for him, i am waiting for him, i hope he will return computer by ip he left with a computer, he can go there stolen or he real computer can be a computer with a child, someone turned it on , no, the computer does not turn on, nothing. mother serhiia said that on the first day of the full-scale war in mariupol, it was already quite restless , and with each hour the situation only rapidly worsened from the bombings, the family hid in the basement, but the shelling was far from the only problem of the residents of mariupol . we couldn't drink or eat, to be honest, the stores were all ransacked, and there was nothing. we just sat clean, we wanted to, despite all the horrors

. the lack of internet was what bothered five-year-old sergey samoilov the most at the time. that's why the boy wanted to leave mariupol. he was very interested in computers, and he studied there . he tried to develop them, he created a server, and why did he actually leave the house? yes, there was no connection or internet at home. it is clear that there were problems with food in the garden. he was going to go to on the side of pokrovsk, serhii planned to go to his mother's friend in pokrovsk, this is also the donetsk region, about 200 km from mariupol, and the boy's family did not dare to leave the house, so serhii went on his own , they were shooting around . he took a backpack with him, he had a computer in it, he dressed like young people dress, i say seryozha come on, i

thought he walks around the house and comes back and seryozha went home and already when he left i went i already understood that my grandmother and i did not hold him back. at the moment, only one thing is known: serhii never made it home to pokrovsk , the boy also did not return, and no one knows where he is now, but serhii’s mother still lives in mariupol. but he does not lose hope of finding his son and is doing for everything is possible, in particular, despite the tense situation in the city, the woman found a connection to call us and he can see from the back, there is a lot to see , there is such a situation, the city is completely destroyed , i don't know anything, there is no internet where i live and in general.

of course, the ukrainian police are here, then i went to the police of the dpr, he was not there in the dpr, he was not there on the territory or in the hospitals, i handed over the dna, so that they could look at the dna, nothing, no news , nothing is known. territory under the control of ukraine is doing everything possible on its part to find my son, in particular , he appealed to the ombudsman via video. children on the russian territory at that moment, so they will be contacted from that side now, so it is possible that the boy was taken to the territory of russia, but it is possible that he is still in the territory of donetsk region, so i appeal to the residents of the temporarily occupied territory who may see this program on social networks, take a close look at the photo of the child serhiy looks like he is 16 years old, he has short blond hair and dark eyes, if

anyone has seen the boy after march 8 of last year, or does anyone know where he may be now, do not hesitate to dial from any the short number of the magnolia child tracing service of the mobile operator is 11630. calls to the hotline from any ukrainian mobile operator are free. if there is suddenly no connection, write to the chatbot of the child tracing service in telegram . any information is important, no matter what ukrainians think about no matter what they say, the first place still comes out war, war and our victory seven days a week from monday to sunday seven different spheres of human activity sports culture politics eight presenters espresso journalists

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view war in ukraine the main topic for ukrainians is victories and losses, analysis and forecasts , politics and geopolitics , serhiy rudenko and the guests of his program will talk about all this, people who have information and shape public opinion, people who defend ukraine and create the future, the main and interesting thing in the program is the verdict with serhii rudenko from monday to thursday at 1:00 p.m. repeat at 6:00 p.m. tomorrow or tuesday we will be dominated by a high pressure field, respectively, we will have precipitation, even more sunshine . the temperature will resemble spring, up to plus 12 there, for example, for kyiv. but in the future, we

will have a little change if, for example, in most regions, the weather still remains without precipitation, mixed phase polls are expected in the western regions - this is rain with a transition to wet snow, even well, one more test with such changes in weather, but we have already been warned, so we will prepare and let all these weather changes be only in the hands of our defenders. for now, everything is quiet with us good night to all of ukraine and good news in the new day. see you soon. they are light . they are humanity, they are wisdom, but also courage. strength and indomitability - these are also ukrainian women who protect, help, teach, heal

, work and become an example for the whole world. to beat to fight to take revenge because war is revenge for mariupol and bucha for dnipro and stanislavsky cliffs for ayudah and each with a latticed roof for each foreign scar with the word of equipment and technologies that will return ukraine its lands eight brigades one goal to finally destroy the enemy with honor

without pity until the last battle join the ranks of the guards of the offensive time to return yours thank you to military journalists, i see the war from the other side of the video camera. thank you that since the first days of the war, you have been showing news from the front lines . now we are at the positions of our artillery, another gift has flown . thank you for exposing fakes. every day you risk yourself here, it is very hot if people saw the truth , they neutralized the paratroopers and then the clean-up began, it is difficult and we know it, you

are the real heroes of our ukrainian flag, it is under fire but holds on, we will defeat everyone and we will endure everything thank you and take care sincerely, the audience and the whole team of the marathon, the only news, congratulations, friends 1+1 continues the national telethon, at this time we are working in the format of a discussion platform the night watch and the topic we chose for today's discussion is an attempt to rename russia to moscow why is this it is necessary how it outraged the russians is it real and in general how should we properly talk about historical heritage we will talk about it on the air of the night watch we have guests andrii rukas historian and oleksandr

solontay political scientist director of programs of practical politics of the institute of political education well, today's presenter is maria vasilieva, and i'm yevgeny plinskyi. thank you, friends, for visiting the studio. it's a good time for everyone, so let's start with why names are important and why they are important. in kyivan rus and since then claims to be called the right, so to speak, the right claims the right to primogeniture. so, actually, i just want to give a small context to explain what was the point of such a petition, which is indifferent citizens organized to president zelenskyi about renaming russia to moscow. and actually president zelenskyi suddenly, instead of just

somehow smiling and forgetting about this, he replied that yes, ok, we need to think and give scientists time to analyze whether this is really possible let's start with the historian, mr. andrii. please tell me. how or if we should return to these questions at all, because, well, why can ukraine be called little russia, but we can't to call russia muscovy, giving it back the name it had before peter i. well, let's start with the importance of names . do you remember the old soviet cartoon ? by the way, it was filmed at the kyiv film studio. therefore, there is a lot embedded in the name, well, let's say it is programmed , a lot of important things about

the renaming, well, this is not the first attempt to use this name muscovy in relation to russia, the russian federation, in 2015, lyashko spoke with such an initiative, it did not pass then, well, hurry up, zelensky didn’t just smile, he was forced to react, he reacted as diplomatically as possible. a little different in such a latinized or hellenized form, russia and having taken away this opportunity from the state of ukraine, which has much more, let's say so, i want you to clarify for

those who may not understand what this is for this is why it is important for russia why there were constant attempts to steal some artifacts from kyiv from ukraine to prove that they were older that they were the first this is why it is so fundamentally good for them see this is the time of the moscow ruler ivan iii this is the end of the 15th beginning of the 15th century he a polyologist was married to the byzantine princess sophia, and accordingly, together with sophia of polyalok , many byzantine greek scientists came who formulated the idea that moscow would be the third rome and they were under their influence this formula appeared in the title sovereign of all russia or in the greek name sovereign of all russia, and in this use of this name was laid a great ideological program of collecting the so-called russian lands that were inherited from

the former old russian state that died as a result of the mongol invasion and from since then , this name is used in the title of russian monarchs, and they thus claim an important unique first role, that is, in the possession of the territory of, let's say, eastern europe, so the name appeared not by chance did not appear in 721, when the empire was declared after the victory in the great northern war, this name has been around for a long time, it grew there with new titles after the pereyaslav agreement, the title of all the great small and white russia appeared there, therefore this name is a little older than 721 year, but in this name lies this expansionist program of capturing the conquest of the entire russian heritage

that remained after the collapse of the russian state , that at first they used this name in order for moscow to justify how it would capture all russians, those novgorod regions of suzdal, i.e. in order to enslave them first, and then this is the story with the pereyaslav council and already peter i, this is in order to justify the same name only in order to already enslave others, that is, because at first it turns out that they finished off and destroyed, well, in fact, the entire historical heritage since the time of the eternally free city of novgorod, that is, of other traditions, they actually became the muscovite tsar , attaching to the muscovite kingdom the name rus and everything associated with the connotation of russian lands. they killed all the other germs of everything in the territories that now belong to russia what else could russia be, they even physically killed the people who lived on the territory of russia, they simply destroyed many

different peoples. they once inhabited these lands, but if they were their own, mr. oleksandr, do you know this saying of the orphan of kazan? i still don't know if it's true. is it it's just a fable, but they say that it was after tsar ivan the terrible defeated kazan, so to speak, and physically exterminated the people who lived there, this expression "the orphan of kazan" appeared because there were only a few children left who were not killed after that conquests, you talk about the fact that there were very devastating captures of moscow when it was expanding and building this muscovite state, before you touched on the topic that it was renamed after the northern war in general to the russian empire, but before that, you call kazan, this is tataria, yes, this is tatarstan , this is the tatars the turks in the same way, well, they simply physically destroyed the people of the countess group , that is, various finno-ugric peoples, but i emphasized the fact that in reality, we know that

there is such a totalitarian moscow and sometimes the democrats of st. petersburg, sometimes in st. petersburg people come out to protest. historically, it was a little different. historically, it was novgorod, and there were other russian cities that did not immediately say that all of moscow is the moscow state and we are russia there, well, in its current form or in in the old form of the moscow state , they all also considered themselves the heirs of kievan rus, the heirs of the russian state, and moscow became a free city for them . the concept is also relative here, i think they are correcting me now, because here it is necessary to understand that in those days the concept of peoples was like this. well, tribes were a very big convention . nations were not formed, but for us, for ukrainians, this is the biggest story with the name this is when

russia began to use the name of russia, white russia, little russia, great russia , destroying our nation even later, it was already far after the collapse of kievan rus , we had a cossack state here, we had wars of liberation here, we had established european relations, we already had established relations with our neighbors, so where to the south, and to the west and to the north, and here is a completely different story, they already used this name not just to build their state there, they used this name to destroy our state in fact. what did the russians oppose at that time? the muscovite empire did that against other states, including those people who lived in ukraine at the time and who had magdeburg law . i will remind you at that time. it was actually beastly cruelty, the only thing is that, if i go back to the word for a second, i once learned what a russian word like podoploka is, what is the basis. yes, such some kind of hidden meaning. it

just arose in the time of ivan the terrible due to the fact that nada was simply tortured by cruel animals . with torture, they got to say the truth, well, the lie, but actually what they wanted to hear from these unfortunate people, and this . if anyone knows what the heck is, it is a torture device that hangs people under the shoulders, actually twisting them joints and actually from that is how this word arose, which we still use in the russian language and we do not think about it. yes, how many such words arose precisely because of those. thus, but simply returning to our conversation and the context , i wanted to ask you, if not to delve so far into history which in general has for the modern political and socio-political context the history of this and this muscovy how is it in the present let's imagine what happened how will it

affect ukrainian society on russian society and relations. i think you did the right thing. you immediately delved into the historical context . you can't understand it without history. you started with history in the right way, because the consequences are about how the empire came together and how it should be understood back. that's exactly what the title is about. that is, this name began to live and began to move on from moscow, and as you correctly showed , it acquired a different context, and then we remembered that it became a subject of the empire, then the question arises. in my opinion, the destruction of the empire, if we speak, we only speak to me i like the way you show it, you showed it well, you showed it, it is possible to argue, you expanded the moscow region a little. so you touched on a little bit of what can be argued about, but in general, the context is absolutely correct, that is , the empire is still preserved, it is called the russian federation , it is a renamed russian empire, also from two in words, only the russian federation, she

emphasizes the fact that there are conquered peoples, there is a greater number of captured peoples , well destroyed, they are physically genocidating them. who are they sending people from moscow to fight in ukraine, they are taking from these peoples, they are taking tuvans, chuvash, buryats, tatars, dagestanis , well , all of them. they are taking all these peoples, they are continuing to exterminate them. voiced during the second world war, even then, when we , as ukrainians, were fighting for independence from moscow against being part of the soviet empire, even then our ideologists and politicians, fighters and partisans announced the fact that the prison of the peoples must fall, then in the broad sense the prison of the peoples included the baltics, it included us ukrainians , well, all of them, now part of the peoples have been freed, the process