[000:00:00;00] and the server is borderline and lysychansk itself, so returning to the topic of a million munitions to accurately determine the fate of this war, at least at this stage with whom we are dealing. uh , we are finishing the roll call, and now there will be economic news with andrii yanitsky, which we will carefully watch together with you, andrii. i congratulate you on the word . congratulations, we are starting the economic week and let's see what's important in the economy last week and on what to expect from andriy yanivskyi with new economics on the espresso tv channel as always live at eight in the morning on weekdays, we start the economic week. if you watch us on youtube, please like it, send the link

to friends and family, and subscribe to the espresso channel on youtube, if you haven't done it yet, in two settlements of the kherson region , the electricity supply was connected, and electricity was supplied to two villages of the large aleksandriv community in tokarevo 56 subscribers were connected to the network in belousovo, 73 noted in the regional military administration that because of the russians, the residents of these settlements lived without electricity for almost a year, in general, in the liberated kherson region, power was restored in 122 settlements without electricity, there are still more than 100 settlements the international monetary fund changed the rules for providing loans , including for ukraine, in particular, adjusted the policy of financial guarantees, we are talking about lending to countries in situations of non-uncertainty, high

uncertainty, that is, when the authorities are unable to affect external shocks that create greater risks than usual, now the new rules of the international monetary fund allow approving new loan programs for our country in conditions of war, previously the fund did not have the right to provide non-emergency loans to countries that faced war or natural disasters , the grain agreement was extended for 120 days at the request of russia to extend it for only 60 days, ukraine reached such agreements with turkey and the united nations , the minister of community development reported this territory and infrastructure oleksandr kubrakov, we will continue to export agricultural products through three sea ports since august 1, 25 million tons of grain have been sent to the needs of the world, but the main challenge remains the acceleration of inspections in

the bosphorus, and the ministry does not stop trying to include its ports in the mykolaiv region in the grain agreement earlier ukraine also expressed a desire to export not only grain , but also metal products and iron ore. last week and about what to expect this week with our regular sharp sergey of the course, an investment banker who represents the company dragon capital mrs. p. i congratulate sergey among the main news last week again the affairs of the reformers, the former minister of infrastructure andriy poplavskyy made a deposit, more precisely, people collected money and paid for he has bail in the amount of uah 10 million, and thus he remains free while

his case is pending . executed the law, implemented very correct steps to reform the port industry , well, in fact, he did his job well. how is this even possible? do you see any signs of political persecution in this, or is it just that our laws are so imperfectly written that anyone in a high position can be bring to justice already after a person has been deprived of his position. well, it is difficult for me to speak. i am not a supporter of conspiracy theories, it's just that these things against the reformers started almost at the same time, and kobolev, povarsky, and smilyansky, and there are rumors that the matter is and there will be nothing, and that is why it raises questions, but the basic version is that it is not the maturity of the anti-corruption prosecutor's office, it is not the maturity of the anti-corruption prosecutor, who was only recently a detective, and now he has

already become the main one, and i still don't understand what he is doing. just sending all cases to court not without understanding the consequences of this and this is so soviet, the court will sort it out a little. and the fact that the court destroys a person's life can destroy it for several years and requires financial and moral efforts from this, they prefer it do not pay attention. that is why this is a shortcoming of the moral immaturity of the anti-corruption prosecutor's office. such a basic version of why such cases take place is most likely, once again , honestly, the influence of the soviet union is also large. the decision to close these is a political decision, not a political one, but in terms of the institution , the institution must make a decision that, well , digging into such a thing. we have no purpose and

rights there, and so on, but they continue it i was struck by the prosecutors' lack of understanding of how economic processes take place. one of the slides of the indictment was approximately like this. it was written that because the commercial company earned more, it will earn more as a result of such a decision. in the port. this does not mean that the investment attractiveness of this port has increased. well, it turns out that the less the company earns, the higher the investment attractiveness will be. from the point of view of the prosecutors, i don’t really understand, they can’t even help themselves put in the place of this commercial company and imagine that if they will earn more, they want to reinvest more, maybe they need some economic courses , in fact, we have already seen it. before this previous one, there was a case about a handgun, she died somewhere there, she died, but the pretrial process of the previous one reached there too there was a complete misunderstanding by detectives and

prosecutors of what was needed. what is the work of the national bank here, and that is why increasing the financial literacy of detectives and prosecutors is an urgently needed story well, after that, he is now the head of the ukrainian branch of raiffeisen. if so, before that , he worked at the national bank of ukraine, and it was just about the withdrawal of other banks from the market, and there were accusations related to this . okay, let's talk about the most positive topic . nova poshta announced that it is finally opening its first branch in lithuania . besides, nova pay is a financial company associated with the nova poshta group, and it is trying to get a european license . they can compete there on an equal footing, do they have prospects there, or is it possible, and we are talking only about eastern europe, we see that in poland , ukrainian companies somehow manage

to work there, and in relation to other countries, why do ukrainian companies leave because there are ukrainian refugees, ukrainian citizens, people who lived in ukraine also knows about ukrainian services well and about these ukrainian brands, if you look at poland, there are already a large number of ukrainian restaurants, even chain ones, and they go there first of all, because there are several million people there now, and in the future there will be follow the ukrainians again. if they suddenly become successful in poland and among the poles, then it will give the opportunity to go to other european countries. however, we do not yet know whether it will be successful or not, whether ukrainian businesses will be able to work in the regulatory sphere , the regulatory sphere of the european union is very inconvenient, but well germany, for example. yes, there are already a million ukrainians there. germany is currently an attractive place for the movement of ukrainians, so theoretically it can become the next

ukraine there. if it succeeds in poland, if it is to work well, europeans themselves complain about the regulatory rules in various european countries. just yesterday i had the opportunity to talk to a polish businessman who complained to me about the rules in germany and said, well, i can't fire a person there who simply doesn't show results, that's how the rules are arranged these laws about labor and what does not work, that is, there are no uniform rules throughout europe, the country has its own unique rules, and with regard to germany, even the poles are not sure that they can develop business there, we will extend the grain agreement for 120 days, i i spoke about this before calling you and it turns out that ukraine won this dispute over russia, which only wanted to extend the agreement for 60 days, but did not achieve its desire to extend the agreement for a year in advance, such a compromise decision, after all, how did

the organization of poor nations manage to convince turkey that it is necessary to extend the agreement for 120 days, although russia did not support it, but it was necessary to convince anyone, and turkey and the un and ukraine spoke from a unified position and advocated the extension of the agreement for 120 days, as it was the basic one is prescribed because they continue the basic water and this basic agreement also provides for an extension for 12 days, there is no possibility anywhere for 60 or 180 or two days . that’s all there, three parties spoke for 120 days, and the experience of previous attempts to make russia nervous when they said that we will now suspend the agreement there, and by the way, she said and everything is going smoothly for us , it showed that the leverage of russia is very, very little. wanted a year to open mykolaiv port, they wanted

to be able to export not only grain but also metal products, is this possible in the near future. in your opinion, this was precisely the desire of ukraine, which demanded the extension of the agreement. this is not about the automatic extension and extension of the agreement, we really need to reach an agreement with russia, and russia , in turn, puts forward conditions that are unacceptable for ukraine, including conditions for the transit of ammonia, so it will most likely not succeed there . especially when we are talking about a grain agreement - this is the food security of the world, there is a direct interest of the un and there is such a moral side of this agreement. and when we talk about the metal , the moral side is much more new, and he cannot cover ukraine here, the rotterdam case , plus, again about himself, we have seen that the national anti-corruption bureau and the special anti-corruption prosecutor's office sent the first documents on this case to the court and it is about

uah 19 billion of damage caused to the state . viewers, what is the plot about, a very, very long time ago, a decision was made that is actually not very logical, yes, to increase the tariff on ukrainian coal, which is purchased by the state, which is not purchased by the state, and there is the formation of a tariff by the state for companies that produce electricity in ukraine and it was necessary to calculate the cost of this tariff and it came out that the tariff should be like coal, i lay down a stick at ukrainian stations, buying by or not rotterdam plus rotterdam is a big hub not a big stock exchange where the price is formed and the price was fixed, as if you bought it in rotterdam plus transit from rotterdam to ukraine and this from the very beginning caused certain questions

because why plus because nobody from rotterdam transports coal to ukraine and mostly it was a ukrainian driver and the formation of the price for it well, rotterdam can it is possible to somehow attract the key, but no one was attracted to the key , it was always difficult to explain it, and in fact , many people here saw corruption risks , corruption agreements between the authorities and akhmetov, yes, because the most invented new thing in fact, there was a plus there was a detective who, actually, the largest private company in ukraine that produces electricity did not react so negatively to the news that the case had been brought to court and said that he did not see any prospects in this case , former ukrainian officials who were responsible were accused for the energy sector and which as far as i know, mr. vovk is not in the country now, and he was the head of the commission, which seems to

have been in france for a very long time when these investigations first began, plus he immediately i left and never came back regarding the prospect. it’s hard for me to say because, again , it’s okay to talk in the kitchen about where this plus came from and where it came from, but to prove that there was a conspiracy requires a very strong argument and so far i have never seen uh, the arguments that were actually proved, that is, you know, you can believe it, you can believe it, when rotterdam plus was adopted, a lot of people said that this decision did not come about just like that, but proving that this decision came about not just like that and proving corruption is a component here this is very, very difficult for me, and to be honest, i don't really believe in judicial prospects because of the rules. yes, but i specifically brought up this case and the beer case that we talked about at the very beginning, because it seems to me that they are a little different and the context and various things are different time frames so that we can separate

although both here and there it is about the national anti -corruption bureau and the special anti-corruption prosecutor's office and about the effectiveness of this work , there are similar questions here, we will look into this case also because the amount is large, 19 billion uah i would like to remind you in the meantime that there is also an exposure of the interesting raiffeisen groups abroad . as it turned out, it was planning or at least planning a secret agreement with russian savings banks in order to exchange assets and thus leave the russian market. well, if you say such internet youth slang , raiffeisen was hated for the fact that he cannot make this decision, this is such an exchange of assets, is there something illegal or is there a violation some kind of sanctions, this is normal in principle, history. it could be exchanged to take away russian assets, etc., which are frozen

in europe. and for the raiffeisen group, give what they have in russia to belarus, in my opinion, this is a good deal from the point of view of increasing the pressure on this is true for russia and for the russian sberbank and for raiffeisen. ukrainians can ask questions. how come certain frozen assets of the sberbank that we want to take away will be given to us, but to be honest, when we take them there , they do not understand whether we will take them, and so very it is important that e-e left the russian market in raiffeisen bank, because now 50% of cross-border payments pass through this bank , that is, it is the main bridge between civilization and russia if such an exchange takes place, because raiffeisen bank will turn into a collection bank , a collection bank under sanctions and there will be no more transactions in this way, that's all , that's the bridge, uh, coal, that's it, yes, we have it reduced by two times, and it's very useful from

the point of view of sanctions pressure, finally, that is, if we think rationally, the agreement was successful for us as well profitable, but at the same time, raiffeisen hid it in europe . i understand that this news made a negative impression that the billions that sberbank will receive as a result will still benefit putin and it is there is a risk that this agreement will be disrupted because of something that does not flow, these agreements did not happen. yes, it was not like that, it was planning, it is always hidden, well, that is, when you plan such agreements, you do not tell at every step that you are planning something, and the billions that will go to to putin well, i don't see what billions i'm going to get putin's money is raiffeisen and so in russia they can take it there, such a regulation is already in russia, and putin will not receive more billions . in fact, there is another billion-dollar case about yanukovych's debt, if you remember when yanukovych

was still president, he borrowed from russia, but because of some very strange scheme 3 billion dollars through the irish stock exchange , as if it was a commercial loan, and now ukraine is suing russia for these three billion, how long has it been there, it hasn't even lost for 8 years, yes . some kind of interim decision was made, or was it in our favor or not, first of all, this is not a very strange scheme , it is a very clear scheme, just the debt that yanukovych took, where the factor was taken by ukraine, was it issued through a euro bond , or by default, just russians not to give direct credit, because you could send them later on a direct credit made this in the form of a euro-bond and they planned 3 billion dollars at the end of the 13th year. why did yanukovych take it because there was no money in the budget at all for pensions . there was nothing to pay . yanukovych’s azerian leadership brought ukraine to well, they just didn’t

wanted to take 15, you managed to take only three well, tell me, you understand, we had to ask in one day, in this way, it was such a binding of ukraine by the hips and legs, and in fact, it was the weapon that was then used to drag ukraine into a secret union on happiness was taken only three times, perhaps not fortunately, because we will not return anyway. and here the court of londor expressed the procedures for a decision in favor of ukraine. about what exactly in this eight years have already passed and uh, when we did not what happened in 14: 15 ukraine did not return russia or money, but ukraine was restructuring all its foreign debt and said well, you wanted to formalize it in the form of a eurobond . and they went to court, and the position of ukraine now in this court was, look at the russian , they presented you with a pistol, they forced us to take

this debt, we have to figure it out, do we have to pay or not, and the russians said no it is not necessary to pay eh and the court in london said no no it is necessary to go through a long procedure it is necessary to find out yes what are you bloodless there did you present the doctrine of aggression against ukraine and did you force yanukovych to take these funds therefore now eh the court put and we now we don't pay anything and we would go through a long procedure , i don't know how long it will take, 5-10-15 years, but not that long, and it will be a public hearing where the history of russian aggression was actually discussed , it is still very interesting whether russia will go to this court at all what is a public hearing for regarding the question of how russia was preparing for things in ukraine, russia probably doesn't need much and so on and further actions of russia in ukraine, they show that this gun was used , mr. sergiu thank you for your comments, we have run out of time , we have to say goodbye, see you next

week with us there was serhii raghon, an investment banker who represented the company dragoncap, they talked about the most important economic events of last week and this week , which are continuing, and at this i will say goodbye, but the espresso broadcast on economic topics will continue my colleague oleksandr morshchevka will talk about taxes - about taxes during the war and about shady schemes for avoiding the payment of these taxes and about budget losses .

i will start my guest with interesting information , in fact, it will become the basis of our further conversation with the expert. so, let's watch the video, in particular, it shows a ukrainian man trying to transfer 200 boxes of more than 100,000 packs of cigarettes to a truck with contraband in a tank from podolia was supposed to cross the border with romania. at the porubne checkpoint, however, it turned out that together with oil, a citizen of our country was transporting excise-free cigarettes, the cost of goods that were supposed to be delivered to great britain to the final consumer exceeded six million hryvnias . well, let's imagine what the shortage in the state budget is such devices, which, unfortunately, are not the only ones in our country, today we are talking with tetyana kostyuk, an expert on taxation, growford institute. she is on

the phone. good day. ms. tetyana well, we see that the war actually changed the geography of business somewhat , someone is trying to work for victory, relocated, found safe places so that they do not have to support workers, develop the industry , bring income to the state budget, and someone is trying to use the situation with the war to open illegal envelopes lines to produce. this is how we noted that excise -free cigarettes are sold. well, not only abroad, this is how the first information showed us, but to spread these illegal contraband - counterfeit cigarettes, in fact, domestically consumer market in your opinion. this is how the industry changed during the year of the war and what affected these changes. tell us in detail. unfortunately , we are really observing a situation where, despite the impressive

rise of ukrainians, the illegal market of tobacco products is only growing. from 16.9 points to 19.9 points. that is, it is almost 20% of the total consumption of cigarettes . note that in 2016, the illegal market was only 1%. that is, it almost did not exist, and what does it threaten us with, well, first of all losses of the state budget only in 2022, the state budget did not calculate almost 20 billion in taxes for the past five years - this figure is 46 billion uah, it is a lot, well , we can calculate in such comparisons, this would be enough for the purchase of 300 tanks and more than

500 these indicators are all necessary for the successful conduct of the office of the offensive operation of ukraine . i'll add, a year has passed. and for a year, such a crazy number was not calculated by the state budget . you say to fight . it turns out that all this year the authorities turned a blind eye to the illegal market of cigarette production. e-e information about the closure of certain schemes even of large manufacturers but nevertheless, instead of one tobacco criminals, others are still passing as

we can see that the price of legal cigarettes in the 22nd year was approximately uah 29 approximately uah 69 per pack at this price only taxes were 44 hryvnias, but on the illegal market you could easily buy cigarettes for 30-40 hryvnias, and on the internet it is even cheaper , we can see how big the difference is between legal and illegal cigarettes and how profitable illegal economic activity is during the war, the income of the population, unfortunately is only decreasing, and the number of cigarettes , taking into account the increase in excise duty for 20 years by 20% every year, is only increasing, so the trend is negative in the growth of the illegal level of trade

in tobacco products, and it is very difficult to fight it eh, can we really say that the economy and security of the state are ensured at an adequate level if 700 trucks of cigarettes per year remain unused, let's ask ourselves another question, eh, if we now see eh , illegal cigarettes being rolled out on the street , how quickly a law enforcement officer will approach her and what he will ask at the same time, whether he will first inquire with whom we agreed with someone, the sellers agreed, that is why the problem is acute , it needs an urgent solution. cigarettes because they buy them where it is cheaper, regardless of whether there is an excise stamp there, and probably not paying attention to what kind of quality they are buying in general, how it harms health , so if we look at the structure of the illegal cigarette market, we will notice that

92% are counterfeit products i.e. fake cigarettes and products with the inscription duty free or with labeling for export e.e. most of these cigarettes are not marked with excise tax stamps at all, i.e. consumers knowingly under e.e. buy these products and instead of supporting the state budget to say that if consumers do not notice a paper excise stamp , then they will not consider it even more. if this stamp becomes electronic, it is a very big problem here. and i would also like to add that only 8% of smuggled cigarettes to us on the market of ukraine means that the market is illegal in ukraine, it is stable, it depends on whether there is a war in ukraine, whether the borders are closed or open

due to the pandemic, the supply is stable , buyers have stable access to illegal cigarettes, and unfortunately, unfortunately , this problem has not been solved yet, this is interesting which these illegal cigarettes are made of raw materials, where does it come to the domestic market, or is it at all? well, some arization is bought from ukrainian fields . somewhere in the bags that ukrainians buy. and how does it harm the health of consumers? i want to say that the channels the supply of raw materials for these illegal products must be tracked by cool law enforcement agencies and they still have to give answers to this question. well, i will not assert anything here , because i do not have convincing documents to provide any data, but about the harm to health i i would like to say more, because today a consumer can buy one

pack of legal cigarettes or two or more illegal cigarettes for one price of uah 69, and if he chooses an illegal offer, he does not harm his health at least twice as much , and more carcinogenic substances enter his body and other harmful substances and twice the dose of nicotine and that means that the consumer gets more used to smoking and is the least likely to get rid of this bad habit later, so the state should avoid development of the illegal tobacco market, because it is not a controlled segment, as it is impossible to influence it in any way later, it is also consumers who will smoke and