[000:00:00;00] oblast to ukraine, do ukrainians listen to russian songs from the stream of news coming from far and wide? we will tell you everything in the next 30 minutes about the important things in simple language available to all viewers in the iryna koval studio and for your attention news summaries of the news summary of the week every saturday at 21:00 on espresso every week, the saturday political club helps to understand the processes taking place in ukraine and the world. vitaly portnikov, the host of espresso and invitations, experts based on facts give their assessment and forecast of the development of events, you want

to understand how our today will affect our tomorrow, see the saturday political club that saturdays are not espresso and good health me again so now we will talk about nuclear forces in different countries, you already remember. you know this person, pavlo podvig, a researcher at the un research institute in the field of disarmament nevi is already in touch with us, the head of the project , just the nuclear forces of russia. hello , mr. pavel. there are five nuclear states in the world, but we know that there are some who say no

, no , i’m not like that. how are you? how are you? there are meetings among themselves. if you don’t pay attention to them, it’s dangerous. you just know. don’t think. don’t think about pakistan. there is a bomb, that is, you need to pay attention to them. and what do you call quasi-nuclear states or what? or what ? ah, well, there is no such problem . he does not actually deal with nuclear weapons and has no special status

a-and nuclear weapons within the framework of the un do not have a treaty on the non-proliferation of nuclear weapons a-and here in the framework of this treaty there are five countries that are recognized by this treaty . in a sense, they have the right to have nuclear weapons, and all the other participants in this treaty have taken on the obligation not to develop, not to have this weapon, respectively, not how it is treated in this sense. well, as you correctly said, there are several countries and not among them so much for that, and india and pakistan and israel and north korea are the four countries that did not enter into this treaty, they did not sign it, and actually they did not undertake any

obligations and, accordingly, they did not undertake any obligations. they don't violate that they have nuclear weapons , but it's mandatory to open any uh. they didn't violate, well , there are uh questions with north korea, but formally they seem to have left the treaty, and therefore uh, this is the concept of a country er, the owners of nuclear weapons within the framework of the treaty are proliferating a есть here is a wider range of nuclear weapons owners there in english it is easier there are nuclear apple states - this is within the framework of the treaty and nuklair air state is those that are armed with nuclear weapons - this is everyone who has it, that is , this is how it is, you know something or at least you can guess through the satellites that you can discuss there. yes, the situation in north korea is such that we are not

worried here, or in pakistan , we understand more or less what is happening. iran, these secret negotiations, like the americans, about what can enrich this plutonium or uranium, in short, this is a big headache . do you know something about those countries that are somehow not officially included in this five? well, something is definitely known, definitely known, definitely not everything well, not everything is known and about those countries that are included in the five, they also try to say that the person does not uh-uh will not spread m-m a-a what that they have nothing of what and how much and where it is laid, but in principle there is no eh there is a lot of information a good resource, not a governmental one, colleagues in the federation of american

scientists, hans christianson, they have been running it for a very long time, and they have been running it for a long time and very carefully, here is such a resource, where they collect information about the armed forces. есть это всё at the level of assessments, well, by and large well, yes, yes, yes, yes, everywhere happens, in this sense , in those countries that have nuclear weapons within the framework of the treaty, these are the five countries , they are again the treaty on they are under no obligation to disclose any the information is not imposed by the countries that are outside the treaties on the perfectly fair map, and those countries, accordingly, also have no obligations to the treaty to the rest of the world, and to the syrians of the situation, the second is because iran is a

party to the treaty, and they pledged early on not to develop a nuclear weapons he does not have , and accordingly, this obligation in the treaty is supported by, and this obligation will be put under the control of the rich international community. control of all the nuclear materials for production that they have, well, and around this, in fact , and it’s uh-uh , it’s broken. within the framework of those obligations that are there, there are questions to him but by and large, they simply want to acquire an opportunity , an opportunity. yes, here are two

questions. literally two words, and the second one can be true. well, that's what i'm reading, that's what the editor wrote to me, my beautiful ones wrote 100 kg about uranium enriched up to 60% fixed , that in iran, 60-100 kg is a lot, 60% enrichment, that's a lot, that's how much, well, any a person from the streets will ask you pavel, how many bombs are there, how many wounds, how many bombs, it depends, it depends , it can be done here, and one can be made several times . 60% uranium enrichment is not the most successful. material it would be better to have more enrichment, well

, let's say so, uh, if you want, it's from this it is possible to make several materials , so to speak, of nuclear devices, but he will notice that it is very important that all this material is this. this material is located, and the second thing is that they can’t protect it, so to speak, they don’t have any protection if the wound wants to take it somehow, and then the inspector can’t do anything, they won’t be able to prevent it, but for now , the game is not going anywhere, it’s not going anywhere, and eh as long as he remains a party to the treaty, it is not a schedule of nuclear weapons, well, accordingly, it will not be taken anywhere, that is, it is a potential possibility that, taking into account the fact that you are early, it is a rich production, that

is, they have centrifuges they have some kind of material, and they have enriched it to such an e-e to such an e-e degree of circulation, some even smaller degree of extinguishment. in principle, they have the opportunity if they really want to. they have an opportunity for some fairly short time to produce enough material for, well, let's say a few er explosive devices. well, so far , nothing has happened yet , and we are only talking about a theoretical possibility . i am speculating. i ask speculative questions and do not expect speculative answers. none of us are at the negotiations

, secret negotiations, indirect negotiations between the united states and iran. the prime minister of israel, who is most interested in appeasement. let's say that iran says that here i am, i am against the previous agreement. and again, the situation is such that uh, that's all. why so say anxiety arises, anxiety arises because iran is here. here they produced 100 kg in grams of enriched up to sixty percent, here they have some amount of uranium there or ducks up to 20%. and eh there is what is called uh, they can, the more such material, the faster

they are, if they come out, that is, the contracts, the faster they watch resurrection, respectively, uh, reasons to reach the same degree yes, that is, the degrees when they can already uh, really create a nuclear weapon if they want to solve it, that's why it's important, that is, the new agreement agrees with the old agreement, by the way, it was absolutely wonderful and it kept this potential at a minimum level. potential, and of course no one likes it, that's why there is a demand to keep it , so to speak i understand the conclusion that israel, in principle, was perfect, that is, with this

idea, because life without an agreement showed that absolutely no one likes the situation, and the exit of this agreement in the 18th year was definitely a big, huge mistake of the united states, which has led to a quality crisis. nobody wants a repeat of this situation . everyone wants the rich inspectors to be there again, so that they could have the opportunity to know how much material there is and what it is. it is really very valuable. thank you very much, pavel. a feat, a researcher at the un institute for disarmament research in geneva, the project manager of the nuclear forces of ukraine .

war on a heroic counteroffensive, i hope that it will be successful, but let's not forget that one of russia's partners is iran, and the strengthening of any and wounding all the more nuclear plays into the hands of the enemy of ukraine, russia, and we have to look very closely there, and from the third side there i am israel, which can help ukraine with weapons , but if iran starts some provocation there, then israel will not help ukraine with weapons and air defense, it simply will not be enough for itself, no one will give it to someone , even sell it if they themselves have something in their house is burning, so i believe that it is necessary to focus attention on such seemingly secondary things as the behavior and state of affairs in the islamic

republic of iran . fungi are happy to die of exclusive plantain pain can become an obstacle walking stairs not with my knees from knee pain try dolgit cream pain reliever reduces swelling and improves joint mobility you can also walk the only yellow cream for pain in

joints, it is necessary to know and remember brave heroes save the country, soul and body, heal the carpathians somehow, thank you fungus on the nails, there is a solution, there is a discount on the therapeutic varnish of amodern neo 10% in pharmacies, podorozhnyk to you and savings, mykola veresen, vitaly portnikov, and the main topics of the week, if against ukraine will be used god forbid really tactical nuclear weapons it will definitely change the world history problems analysis and personalities we are waiting for john gerbs is the former ambassador to the united states in ukraine thanks for the transformation you have questions you will get answers so the question is waiting how it's worth looking into portnikov veresen that on friday at 21:15 for espresso we are special forces of the sbu, experts in destroying

the enemies of ukraine, we know pavlo and complex special operations for the offensive. we need the best, join the center of special operations and the sbu. experience step by step shot by shot attack with attack together we will liberate ukraine the center of special operations and the sbu engrave your name on the pages of victory and once again good health we don't have much time left to spend with you but i hope that we will spend this time very usefully, because we have a member of the public

anti-corruption council under the ministry of defense of ukraine, the deputy head of the peer procurement body of the ministry of defense, dana yarova, who is visiting us. good health, panirova. look, i read this . i was prepared for your words about what do you do? what are your problems ? who is bothering you? corruption will be impossible in ukraine, i argued with you, i will explain why, uh, every story with the ministry of defense began at the beginning of a full-scale invasion with resolution 169

of the cabinet of ministers of ukraine, according to which, uh , at that time, it was probably justified, uh, the ministry of defense allowed to buy everything not on e-e not according to the law of ukraine on public procurement, although we have e-e for the last nine years all purchases of the ministry of defense were also through the prozoro system and it allowed the ministry of defense to buy anywhere, anything, at any price , probably in the first months of the war, it was justified, but you know, when it entered, let's say, into such a habit and the habit of earning, and then you heard what schemes were emerging, when people were invited, people were ready for it, there was already suspicion so what can you say, the suspicion was handed over by the deputy minister of defense to shapovalov and the deputy and head of the state procurement department literally yesterday in

khmelnytskyi. that is, the suspicions have already been served, these are already cases that are going to court, that's why someone tampered with the entire 169th resolution. still with in september, the ministry of economy was involved in the work. we tried with all our might. there was a huge opposition in the ministry of defense to launch the system transparently. they justified it. it is sensitive information based on the number of rations. you can understand the number of our army. the president is talking about this. there are no problems. and what happened now thanks to as the egg scandal is already called yes thanks to him the anti-corruption council was created under the ministry of defense no i judged such a street as a person who was elected and was elected more or less

the number of votes i got was unexpected, even for me. well, now it’s called the procurement commission , in fact, it’s a tender committee, so step number one was to shout out to bring food to a transparent step for us. step number two. i was very afraid that the suppliers would not come out . step number three, while we were negotiating, the ministry of defense sent its letter to the cabinet of ministers asking to extend contracts at inflated prices for an indefinite period sometime after the war let's analyze it thanks to the public nature of this letter, it was withdrawn by the ministry of defense, step number four was very big discussions of the srt on the winners of separate lots in three regions, we did not win , we will now renegotiate again, but what happened next is generally interesting, now that's all moved to the courts well, it didn’t work out through

the ministry of defense, now everyone is suing everyone in the administrative courts, uh , defense procurement cases they have to pass very quickly, the two-day period, but lawsuits are pouring in buckets - from different and the most a lawsuit from the company that gave the highest price that did not receive a single lotto well, of course, and their documents are also problematic, er, currently the situation has moved to the courts. we are waiting to see what will happen in the courts, but er, already today , the ministry of defense can conclude contracts with those suppliers we are not sued for, some processes for friday, i was promised that the contracts would be signed on monday, i really want to see it and i will report to society whether it is true or not, because uh,

only on 19-mutah who played eh in the 19th regions, we saved the state three billion 900 million poland, i will tell you that your entire answer confirms my words that it is impossible to fight corruption because i was taught that a short, concise answer literally in one sentence shows the possibility, and a long one shows the difficulty, i ask differently, that is, the panacea is transparent that's right, if it works transparently, then the whole system starts working . because people who look at us and see panaceas are opaque, and for that there is transparent procurement. we have the only platform in the country called transparent, through which everyone must go public procurement of absolutely all ministries, not only the ministry of defense. i am not interested in whether there is such a mechanism now, whether it exists or exists in

nature. such a mechanism that makes corruption and theft impossible, which would be easy , calm, obvious, and everything if there is no such mechanism. i have not found the existence of such a mechanism anywhere. to such a mechanism and you say the first 13 fourth fifth this all shows that it is extremely difficult and these are the same words that i was told about corruption in 1994 99 in 2011 maybe it's not goats they didn't talk about the ministry of defense, but simply in ukraine - it exists, if there is corruption in ukraine, then there cannot be such a thing that exists everywhere, but it does not exist in the ministry of defense , how will it exist everywhere, first of all, the budget of our country is the budget of the ministry of defense, that is why

attention is focused there, this is the first, second, you me you are asking whether there are mechanisms in nature, why there are not, i can give you the example of china, where in such situations they are simply taken out into the yard and shot without question, yes, this is the same story. and that corruption has disappeared, they have already shot a lot of people in china, because of that, corruption has not decreased you know corruption corruption corruption is different yes to say that corruption does not exist in democratic developed countries it is impossible to say that corruption cannot be reduced to zero corruption can be there half a percent of a percent somewhere in democratic countries and they are considered lucky. play like that, that is, you know how to talk about the fact that it is a purchase and through a transparent process, they will reduce it to zero. i can’t, but when a decision is made by one person, just assess

what corruption risks are involved, and if the decision accepts the system on the basis of electronic auctions. how much does this situation reduce the corruption risks? no, i am not against it. fight, you will fight in us taras hryhorovych shevchenko , but i am simply trying to find, in principle. let's say corruption schemes, they say that if in poland or in hungary or in germany, from day one , just drive this truck to ukraine, showing at every step, not a photo, not even a video .

she drove by. here she is. i can imagine a theoretical possibility to avoid these corruption stories, but when it comes to buying apples or eggs, i don't just have a hard time imagining how to do it. i didn't say zero . i didn't say zero anywhere . five times corruption, you know that if 50 e are destroyed in the black economy, then let's 10, let them steal, they will still steal, but it is five times less , that's why i am interested in whether there is such a thing. -th year, the law on journalistic procurements according to which procurements are all public . but we have from kivrad the other day it announced a tender for drums for bomb shelters. yes, someone, this decision was also made transparently. by the way

, they buy, and here i can only say only about the fact that we have oleksiy yuriyovych, his previous place of work was the kyiv city council , so i think that after you he left some very trained followers there. that is, you know that who said who oleksiy yuriyovych is, you didn't have a price at all, because we don't know, and no oleksiy yuriyovych is the minister of defense of ukraine, who are different and yes, and i would like to say something else. you know, if we stand in such a position that we cannot overcome anything and let's not even try . well, let's lay down our weapons and go to that structure - to the concentration camp. i am fighting for the future my children so that my children can live and grow up in this country and a different path than uh-uh than going and i don't have anything to change, maybe you don't tell me, then i use them, you seem a little offended, right, i

'm trying to find people who can questions not to solve and to solve and there are not so many people who can. we have not cut out the issue of corruption since august 24, 1991. we have been solving it but we have not solved it. i am not saying that it is bad to fight. i am saying that it is necessary to fight. there is no algorithm how to overcome the problem and you don’t know such things, i will tell you such a philosophical thing, uh, i don’t have other people for you, moses , not because of 40 years of water for people in the desert , because they wanted so much, but because the last person who was born in slavery is why i i want to say that society is just being formed and it is in such a state of puberty and the demand for exactly corruption and anti-corruption actions seems to me to have only

recently become so, well, over a painful period and this scandal arose and everything that is happening is chained to this scandal. it seems to me uh, that our society will grow up and will understand uh, the importance of the fact that we are joining the european family and that in the european family, we should live in a civilized, civilized according to civilized norms and thank you very much huge forced e-e just now our news starts with dana yarova, deputy head of the collegial body for procurement of business support of the ministry of defense, member of the public anti-corruption council, at the same time we had such a ministry of defense and you will have it iryna koval thank you, mykola, i wish you a good evening and rest today, but i