[000:00:00;00] how many thousands a month can you do these services today? thank you, mr. oleksiy, for joining us. thank you for your expert opinion. oleksiy hetman, a military observer , a participant in the russian-ukrainian war , a reserve major, was with us . thank you. how does the enemy use drones to attack, and in particular, we see that for attacks on critical infrastructure on residential buildings in civilian rear cities, the enemy constantly uses drones, so to speak directly on the front line, what kind of danger is there in general, how powerful is this power of the enemy and how much does he use it? here, on the first line of defense, it should be understood that those means that are used on the peaceful territory and those means that are used directly

on the line of contact or next to it these are different means, in the first case it is usually martyrs and those that fly over a long distance hit stationary objects in the second case - it is usually fp from a drone or a lancet, this is the main such weapon of kamikaze and let's explain it, it's just ordinary chinese drones, which are usually used by amateurs to shoot there, yes. some landscapes or , well, mavic eyes, as everyone knows about it, and i understood correctly. from er-er ordinary er-er drones and here are drones that er-er are used in peaceful life in order to shoot some wedding scenes a-and these drones differ from them in that they are very fast and in this free life they were invented for in

order to compete there. yes, this is sports, yes so-called drones, but since in the war they learned to use them in a different way, they attached a warhead that explodes when it collides with a target, accordingly, this drone is small , it does not have any impressive distances at which it can fly, well, it is some kilometers, maybe 10 km but it is very cheap, it costs literally no dollars , depending on the manufacturer, it is possible to purchase components for it quite en masse and produce them quite a lot , hundreds of thousands of pieces per month, and even from

this small combat unit if successful to hit a target, be it an armored vehicle, an armored personnel carrier, an armored personnel carrier, or even an anti-aircraft vehicle of some kind, that is, hit a combat unit , hit it so that another detonation occurred for a few hundred dollars, with this essentially garbage ammunition, which is not at all sorry to destroy equipment worth millions of dollars, respectively this is a--a big threat and let's say the know-how of this war that is used on both sides and from our somehow enemy of our a--- well, because it's profitable just active in fact even if only one in ten flies to the target and inflicts any significant damage, it is still a very effective weapon, and also take into account the fact that the operator who er-er uses such a coron he is in relative er-er emphasized relative safety and that is, at some distance

at least from the line of contact where he at least maybe at least some basic for himself to provide uh basic security a-a well, this opera can if it is a competent military serviceman and it is normal there he conducts camouflage, arranging a position, he can work like this for months a-a saving himself and helping his unit and helping to destroy the enemy's equipment, that's why fpv drones, which we just talked about, this is a big o-o-o, very significant . 30 km and can hit the targets uh, which hmm are more priority, such an opportunity, some

means of air defense, radar stations, the enemy definitely has a lancet, uh, this is the main thing they are using now, and what causes a lot of trouble, uh, and what should have in service in the same quantity and as massively as in the enemy and in ukraine, mr. and i have already mentioned that there are currently about 100 companies in ukraine that manufacture drones of various types, so how dynamically is this market developing, because i understand that we are now e- we are experiencing a technological revolution in this matter. how comfortable are the businessmen who work in that area and what are they ready to do now to surprise us and the military with their products? unfortunately, i do not

know how comfortable business feels. in this area, well, i was not in their shoes, but as for the dynamics, we , as the military, can observe the dynamics, the dynamics are impressive, that is, of some new developments that want to try something, ah, there are some prospectuses, e-e, pdf files that are sent to us for so that we can simply familiarize ourselves with them, many, many different tools that the manufacturers themselves ask to try to see how it works, is it effective , how effective is it, how normal is the video signal, and so on . end up with nothing. that is, it is obvious that in the near future we will have many more let's say very stable and effective developments that can be used that

will show themselves well on the battlefield and we already have them. unfortunately, i cannot reveal in detail what it is developments, how exactly do they work, but believe me, they do not give out military secrets like that, but believe me, they are ukrainian developments. well, at the moment, working with various unmanned vehicles of various manufacturers of various origins, i can say that now ukrainian developments show themselves most effectively, not all of them come into our hands by themselves, but from those that we already use, in terms of price-quality ratio, that is, in terms of the burden on the state, in terms of the burden on volunteer funds, and they supply us with a lot of this. according to this ratio, the ukrainian drones that we are currently using

show themselves very well. an extremely technological state , it's a pity, it's a pity, it's also a pity, it's a pity that it's because of well, we are forced to do it right now. in particular, about the fact that with drones and missiles in particular , they antagonize the ukrainian infrastructure as well as the economy, which has already suffered simply catastrophic losses. we can already reduce losses, in particular, we will be helped by vladislava hrodova, head of the demych in.ua project of the kyiv school of economics, mrs. vladislava. good day

. please tell me, as an expert, have you studied certain dynamics of direct losses of the ukrainian economy since the beginning of the full-scale invasion . to say how dynamically e-e is increasing. this is just an assessment of the losses that our state bears due to the war, of course, we track the losses that have been caused by the russian federation, it is the economy of ukraine, the assets of the people, the asset of the enterprise, the asset of the state, the communities, the greatest growth occurred by far at the beginning of the war , when huge territories were seized, then when the rapid liberations take place, large numbers are added, the last large growth occurred due to destruction of kakhovka hpp is definitely a-a for 2 billion today we have already

reached 150 unfortunately, more than 150 billion dollars only in direct losses to the economy of ukraine , this does not take into account the economic losses that indirect, that is, not the loss of the country's income, e.e., people's businesses , and certainly does not take into account the huge losses that the russian federation has to compensate without people for the loss of health, life of close resettlements and everything else , but 150 billion are already accrued losses for today, direct if speaking specifically about the shelling and the consequences of these shellings by the enemy of the ukrainian territory, the ukrainian infrastructure, which sectors are most affected by them, and the most affected housing is more than 55 billion dollars, people are losing

lost a huge number of their apartments own individual houses were badly affected by transport. since quite a few bridges were destroyed. roads suffer from the passage of heavy equipment . many airports were destroyed. now , as we know, the destruction of the port infrastructure with missile and drone strikes in the odesa region is the second sphere and significantly health care, education , business also suffers, but the main 20 are transport and people's housing . well, if we talk about e.e. directly assessing losses for ukrainian business, we have already indirectly talked about what is here it is difficult to calculate because there are also indirect losses. however, for entrepreneurship, for business, how difficult have these one and a half years become and how much is this industry recovering? let's put it this way, because we

understand that ukrainians have shown that they are able to adapt to certain challenges of the time . today , the most affected in the eastern regions of ukraine, er, it is clear, there were massive artillery fire and the destruction of mariupol, which was quite industrial the city and many industrial enterprises have suffered well almost no more destruction and business undoubtedly in ukraine has shown great resilience er, after partially moving and partially resuming their work, we see that businesses that we at some point even considered completely destroyed after some time we monitor that they are recovering in part of the territory, they are starting to work, and they are patching something and restoring their production, and this . well, this gives hope for what will happen

, including a quick recovery due to the possibility of our business to quickly adapt and quickly increase its volumes, well, again, when we talk about relocation, yes or fast . recovery of business activity, we say for sure. well, such large enterprises or farms, for example, are much more difficult to move somewhere, but if you researched , you can tell us about that a- well, if we say business is relocating , business is moving, how widespread is it, that is , is it still? such large enterprises as far as is spread among them, in general, a-a such a concept as wing location or resumption of work from scratch, for example, in another region, uh, i am an expert in relocation.

to add that the figures about 11 billion were more related to the industrial business of the agrarian - this is another 8.7 billion of direct destruction and it is definitely difficult for them to move to another place without land. and what do we see in terms of recovery uh, and relocation, so this applies more to medium-sized small businesses, eh, reprocessing , which were able to leave uh, and recover, big business, unfortunately, here, of course, you are right, it is quite difficult to quickly resume production, but i repeat that this is uh, a more difficult issue than today we can discuss, well, i absolutely agree , you also mentioned the damages caused by the disaster at the kakhovsky hpp, which was caused by the occupiers, you said that this was a certain large contribution to this total amount of direct damages to

today and if we talk about the total amount, then how much damage did the explosion of the kakhova hpp separately cause the damage of the kakhova hpp separately - it is more than two million billion dollars - this is a significant part of these losses - this is again housing because it was flooded dozens of settlements, both large, medium and small, and most of the people lost a significant part of their savings, furniture, everything they had, and were forced to move to this day. as we know, part of this territory was flooded during the temporary occupation that's why i think that we as a country will still investigate what actually happened. what are the actual losses after the deoccupation of these territories in more detail, also of course the destruction of the dam itself and the hpp itself - it's somewhere

around 600 million dollars only in this part and the restoration of the hpp and that dam will require about 2 billion dollars of additional investments, according to your calculations , in general, if such large investments should be private investments, should the state, for example, ensure this, is there any vision in this our project is called russia will pay. i think this answers the question of who we think should pay for it and why we started this project, because i really believe that it should be primarily reparations, this does not mean that these reparations are what we will receive first we will now receive quite a-a significant parts of the international aid, which will definitely go first and foremost to the priority needs , the ukrainian budget, unfortunately, does not have

huge reserves of stability and volumes to restore everything and international partners count on us to restore us hundreds of billions of dollars will be needed, and we count the same from our side, but our vision is that the russian federation should pay for all of this with those assets, gold and currency reserves that are currently blocked in europe , america, canada, and britain, as well as with those reparations, which, like other countries - aggressors in the previous periods , in the past century, you paid for those actions for those wars that they started, that is, we are a country, we should not , let's say, forgive it and we should fight for the money of the russian federation to be directed to the restoration of our country the start of the school season is waiting for us soon, i would like to talk about the consequences of the russian attacks

on the educational infrastructure, which regions suffered the most, where are the most active reconstructions, the most affected, i will begin. at first, almost 10 billion dollars in losses to the educational sector, uh, the most affected regions are those donetsk zaporizhzhya kherson oblast luhansk kharkiv kyiv oblast which coincides with the most active hostilities, definitely recovery, we can see what started in in kyiv, in the chernihiv region, where the funds are active, and there are no active hostilities , and it gives the opportunity to restore something . other problems, because for them any restored object can be

a destroyed object in a week ago . restoration is being discussed in those territories where it happened happened where fortunately it is going well , we can say more or less calmly and there is no of direct artillery shelling, which may be taken into account during this recovery, the presence of bomb shelters or shelters in such educational institutions is obviously assumed from the beginning . of course, because i will again refer to the expertise of colleagues. the kyiv school of economics is one of the initiators of the charity fund as and many other ukrainians have started many meetings on this issue and e. from the priorities and which should be in kindergartens and schools and everywhere in order to be safe and we are again talking about thousands of necessary

conversions because there are bomb shelters of good quality, in this case we are talking not only about the affected regions, but about the fact that the whole of ukraine there must be re-equipment in nezalezhnosti, where it is located in the western regions and in the central regions, and definitely those closer to the ugu front line. if we talk about preparing for the heating season, we understand that certain losses for the ukrainian energy industry russia has also inflicted and recently there were even such figures that they say that half of the ukrainian energy industry was destroyed . what are the consequences of these shellings? we remember last year's. so when they tried to simply plunge the russian federation of peaceful ukrainians into darkness and cold, have they already calculated the losses? and inflicted critical infrastructures, in particular on the energy sector, russian shelling, the energy sector has suffered approximately 9 billion dollars to date, what can we say

that the restoration of the energy sector will cost us much more because, oh, you are restoring traditions well, let's say the past construction that took place in the 50-70s of the last century. it won't work like that in our country, we will already have other technologies, other progress, uh, but today we see that part of the assets of ukrenergo , which are responsible for the transmission of electricity , have been restored. and they openly speak in order to prepare precisely for the autumn and winter season, recovery is taking place wherever there is such an opportunity, and the transition of generation facilities to, let's say, more

sustainable approaches is what i see from the discussion with experts, discussions that take place in the ministries and everything else, but there is still a part of the generation that is under occupation, that was completely destroyed, about the restoration of which language , today there is no part of the cities that are completely or almost completely destroyed in the donetsk region, for example, there we are talking about the destruction not only residential buildings about the fact that the heating infrastructure of these cities has been destroyed, and we will have to do this after the occupation, after the war, and solve it as a problem of the country in general, so is the problem of each individual city and the supply of heat and electricity for each individual to each individual a-a individual building of a village a city of a person and this is actually er-er we all understand and must understand that the next challenge may be in front of us because we remember

what autumn and winter were like last season, so we are definitely preparing in the summer so that later, um, after all , we feel safer and more protected , and vladyslava, the head of the city, spik , the head of the dimage.in.ua project of the kyiv school of economics, was with us. we with her understood the damage caused to the ukrainian infrastructure in various areas by the aggression of the russian federation, we are extremely grateful to the speaker and in particular to her colleagues who are helping to restore ukraine to the air defense forces for the fact that they are doing everything possible to prevent russia from causing even more destruction and by chance , today we talked a lot about the conditions in which our defenders are now. i ask you not to forget about this, and not only to believe in

the armed forces, but also to help them, so with you these this hour was more like 60 minutes oleksiy gomenka taras derkach thank you for the yard see you this is the pride of the russian army these are the people who understand the russian army we will return on february 24 i understood that they simply did not stand up my shoulder hurt and i said already don't worry about the whole meadow or half i will take you there i will take when i took the initiative in your hands, everything does not matter, the quantity does not matter, the quality of weapons is like that in ours. people in mykolaiv gathered in one heap and did it all together . i have ants. we have such a mykolaiv

vanyok. knows about them, they worked for a half-hour who were your eyes, it was so defiantly done and so boldly, the war of drones gives us a chance to create a bridgehead for overturning the axis to the other side. the beginning of the russian-ukrainian war of all in march 2014 in the kherson region, as part of the units of the 79th air mobile brigade, a separate unit of the air mobile brigade conducted reconnaissance in the occupied crimea , personally participated in the evacuation of 75

wounded from the zboryn boiler, cyborg in the fall in 2014, together with his comrades, he took part in the defense of the donetsk airport, participated in the battles for debaltseve in february 2015, from the beginning of the full-scale invasion, together with the regional military administration and the senior leadership of the general staff, formed and managed the defense of mykolaiv until now, coordinating the work of partisans in the temporarily occupied territory , and formed a command by the experimental consolidated unit of operators of attack and investigative uavs korshun, a knight of the order of bohdan khmelnytskyi, third degree and the order of courage, third degree, mr. major general i greet you. good evening. tell me what this landmark is. well, this is one of the outposts of the mykolayiv resistance. it is one of the first points where a forward group of paratroopers of the russian federation

went. that is, from their actions it was clear that, in principle, the tactics of action were identical to the tactics they used in mariupol, but during the approach here to the airport , here they came in for a bribe, went in to board the at this moment, we already had formed anti-landing, anti-sabotage, anti-tank reserves , the bulk of the personnel of the armed forces of ukraine. eh, this is yevgeny zhukov's patrol police and the territorial defense in order not to inspect the administration - one of the places eh, where the barons were built. i think that they

counted on this to repel the front line landing groups, well, we will need such a good, good shock group that can go here to knock them out, and they counted on the fact that there was something coming from some direction, i had to separate them in order to repulse them, but without losing the reinforced defense , the police arrived here and killed the trio of the cambric brigade, everyone personally participated in the repulse and within 1:4 we were driving here , knocked out, look, they were forced to leave , the guys broke the kamaz, started hitting the equipment and they went around from the right side and left this object. after that, we took it under the defense was guarded and kept until the last days, when we released them from the city of mykolaiv, and tanks were coming from the other side, so if you look at the map, you will understand that this is the road to new odessa, this is the kyiv highway , we call it that, that is, the military training ground goes through which they passed, in principle, this column broke through, that is, some part of the column. we stopped them there and

did not let them go further on all these routes, their columns with tanks were already standing, they had already started, uh, this is a big maneuver to bypass mykolaiv along the big ring, that is, they through 8 string of watermelon novy bug they went to voznesensk, but voznesensk and stopped the forces of the 80th brigade, they blew up the bridge and thus did not give them the opportunity to advance further to voznesensk . i was in constant contact with him, that is, they crossed the river in boats and, in principle, expelled them from the city, drove them towards the new odessa, where they were already met here by other units, that is, they took them there. foul ring and very successfully broke that. what is left of our

brothers who came to save us, here are cats and cannons, i will tell you that they are aimed in the direction of the city, nowhere, dmytro. and a policeman. and how did you get them? how did you get them in battle? well, they ran away. they decided that we need her more and more. this is the pride of the russian army, and no , this is the misunderstanding of the russian army. they call it modern. well, but she . what are their advantages? they are like that the only plus here is armor of the fourth class

, this is armored glass, armor throughout, this is the only