even in jerusalem. let's return, mr. volodymyr, to the events in ukraine, because about the elections, which had already started to be talked about, just a few weeks ago, or maybe a month and a half ago, about the possibility of holding elections during the war, both presidential and parliamentary, there was talk again, and i talked about this ruslan stefanchuk, chairman of the verkhovna rada of ukraine, who said that he consults with speakers from other countries and consults on whether or not elections can be held in ukraine during the war, and said that there are five key problems for holding elections in ukraine in 2024, let's listen to stefanchuk. the first question is how to ensure the right to vote for our servicemen. the second question, as i understand it, marketa has already said this too, is our refugees, of whom there are about 7 million outside ukraine today. it is also

necessary to understand how these citizens of ukraine will participate in the vote. the third important question is how to organize elections in the temporarily occupied territories, in those territories that are still under enemy control. the fourth issue is, of course, the financing of elections. for ukraine , the issue of finances is very important, because every penny earned by the ukrainian budget goes to the ukrainian army. the fifth question is the question of elections - the possibility of free access to the media, here is the last point, which is especially interesting in the conditions of the existence of a single national telethon, regarding access to all media, but less so, in your opinion, should there be elections in 24 year despite the situation in the country, and if not these elections will not happen, so what?

what does this mean, that is, the extension of the powers of the president and the parliament, and it is clear that it is not known for what period, that is, where is this balance between the fact that democracy should still exist in ukraine and the fact that there is martial law and elections should not be held, well, first of all, regarding the parliament here, the legislation is unambiguous, the current parliament operates until the election... of the members of the parliament, since parliamentary elections can not be held, here , well, they cannot be held, the president, regarding the presidency, here the situation is much more complicated, because the term of office ends in the fifth year, the president has served five years, that's all, he is not acting, and well, according to the idea, his function should be performed by a temporary person, the same stefanchuk, so

the temporary incumbent automatically takes over his powers president, but since it is impossible to hold elections now, it would be more rational to talk about a coalition of national unity, because the existence, well, the israeli experience, it shows us that during the war there can be no opposition, the opposition is this not the enemy of the state, the opposition are those who offer another option for solving certain problems that are important for the country, so i consider the creation of a coalition of national unity, the signing of a coalition agreement on the creation of a coalition

government, and one of the tasks , of course, that it should be a coalition of victory, it should work for victory, it should include representatives of all factions, except pro-russian ones, that is, in a situation when it is impossible to hold elections, it is necessary to exclude from parliament of representatives of banned parties, this is an unambiguous point, the coalition agreement must also include the obligation to prepare future elections after the end of hostilities, i.e. in this sense, the coalition is the only rational way out during the war when it is impossible to conduct an election campaign, and the president must obviously complete his term of office and leave, and that's all, well, that is , under the current conditions, i understand that ruslan stefanchuk should, well, allow zelski...

to leave quietly after the end of his term of office, well i mean, he would be the president, the way it was, he, he would be in the president's office, only, i would really not like the head of the office... the president to remain the unknown mr. yermak, well, here, here is another one a threat, why will they not allow this, why will they sell, so to speak, the idea of ​​the possibility of holding elections, because for the coalition it will be unacceptable to have a fair as the acting president, or rather the president, this is at least a return to constitutional norms, because we absolutely have. the usurpation of power took place by zelensky yermak, therefore, in this sense here, this is also one of the options for reducing tension in society. today, mr. volodymyr, a sociological study was published showing that the majority of ukrainians, that is 71%, consider the efforts of the top leadership

of the state to carry out reforms to be insufficient. the opposite opinion is held by 19% of citizens, this all-ukrainian survey for the consultative mission of the european union in ukraine was conducted by the kyiv international institute of sociology. in parallel, we also conduct surveys on youtube and ask people what they think, whether the government is doing enough efforts to carry out reforms in the state. our sociology is like this, but at the moment, 84% say that it is not enough. 6% is enough and 9% is difficult to say whether it is appropriate and necessary to talk about reforms during war and during martial law, because the government can always say, listen, what reforms, we are working there around the clock, because we have a front, because we have foreign policy activities, because we need to agree on something, you are here with your

reforms, let's do it after the war, let's do it after we win, what what serhiy, we are still talking about the reforms that he requires. and in the recommendations of the white house, but what kind of reforms are prescribed there, this is a return to the constitutional norms of the 19th year, that is, during the zelenskyi presidency, our state system was so distorted that under these circumstances, the partners recommend reforms, that is, to restore the effectiveness of the constitution, first of all, let's look at the list of what needs to be done during the first three months, the next three, well, that is, for one and a half years of work, and i see that the government for from this plan, the commitments of the first three months have done almost nothing, the deadline coincides, nothing is being done, and it can be said that ukrainians feel that, in fact, since

the 19th year, those achievements in the development of the state that were they were made at the time, poroshenko, they were rolled back, well, there was a lot of criticism of those reforms, but now time confirms that, in principle, everything that was done then, it was done quite correctly, well , at least decentralization provided us with resistance to the aggressor, and we we see that there would be no decentralization if there were finance centralized, as before, i think that the grasping instinct of the authorities would be even higher, and the embezzlement of budgets would be much greater, which essentially put the country on its shoulders. well, it is clear that reforms need to be carried out, and they cannot be postponed, because after the victory, big money will come here, i

hope so, and mr. serhiy, this is not yet reforms, it is still a return to constitutional norms, but reforms are on wear and on time, because, for example, at one time zelsky undertook to reform the sbu, well, on time war, it seems that it cannot be reformed out of hand, but, in principle, it is possible, let's also see what happened to the anti-corruption bodies after the 19th year, they were oppressed, they essentially lost their functionality, and i am not talking about the judicial system , as far as it is simple, without a normal judicial system, there will be no, no... serious investments in ukraine, not even a war. ok, let's put an end to this, we hope that, after all, all the recommendations given to us by european structures, we will implement, our government will implement, and we will join the european union and nato. thank

you for the conversation, mr. volodymyr, it was volodymyr tsybulko, political scientist, people's deputy of ukraine of the fourth convocation. friends, we work live on the tv channel, also on our youtube platforms. and on facebook, please like our streams if you are watching live now on youtube and facebook, to promote them, in the trends of these platforms. well, our next program will be with volodymyr ogrysk, there will be great summaries of international politics and events in the world and in ukraine, literally, in the next program, so get involved, don't forget about us. i'm putting an end to this, i wish everyone good health, take care of yourself and your relatives, goodbye. stress has discounts on tablets glyciset and glycised max 15% in pharmacies

of travel bam and savings. tired of heavy and bulky saws? then the compact and powerful strong saw from unpack tv is just for you. now you can easily trim trees and bushes. the strongg saw is so convenient to use for carpentry. it is the perfect tool for your home or the garden and the price is only uah 1,499. a reliable battery is also included, cut branches, cut timber, chop firewood, you can do all this in one movement, with the strong saw, just look how quickly it copes, even with thick branches, the strong saw is easy to use and mobile, once and ready, and unlike standard saws , it is so convenient to use in hard -to-reach places, it comes with a powerful battery, a key and a screwdriver, as well as a charger, which will allow you to always have a charged saw at hand. call and order a reliable and convenient tool for only uah 1,499. a powerful strong saw is

what you need, call. still looking for quality footwear for winter and at a good price too. introducing an absolute bestseller. warm and comfortable shoes comforrt north from unpack tv. comfort boots are suitable for both men and women. available in universal black, gray and blue colors. size range from 36 to 46. you... are made of waterproof and wear-resistant fabric, which is insulated with a heat-insulating layer of foam polyurethane, and warm, breathable eco-fur inside, feel free to wear boots in the rain and even in 30-degree frosts. thanks to the wide opening, the boots will fit any fullness and height. the velcro fastener will firmly fix the shoes on the foot, and the flexible, non-slip sole with a shock-absorbing insert will reduce the load on the feet. thousands of buyers have rated the quality of the bot. order warm, stylish and incredibly comfortable boots for just uah 799.

call mykola veresen, vitaly portnikov and the main topics of the week. if against ukraine will be used, god forbid, really tactical nuclear weapons, it will definitely change the world. stories, issues, analysis and personalities. john herbst is waiting for us. former ambassador of the united states to ukraine. good afternoon, thank you for the invitation. if you have questions, you will get answers. the questions are also interesting, they should be analyzed, sportnikov veresen, every friday at 21:15 on espresso. vasyl winter's great ether. two hours of air time, two hours of your time, two hours to learn about the war and what the world is about, two hours to be. keep abreast of economic and sports news. two hours in the company of favorite

presenters, presenters that many have become like, as well as distinguished guests of the studio, events of the day in two hours, vasyl zima's big broadcast, a project for intelligent and caring people. espresso in the evening. the war in ukraine, the main topic for ukrainians: victories and losses. analysis and forecasts, politics and geopolitics , serhiy rudenko and the guests of his program will talk about all this, people who have information and shape public opinion, people who defend ukraine and create the future right now, the main and interesting thing in the verdict program by serhii rudenko, from monday to friday at 8:00 p.m., repeat at 12:10 p.m. welcome to the espresso channel.

today, in our military program, we will talk about the enemy's weapons and our weapons, but in different dimensions. russia rattled its nuclear sword again this week and conducted thunder drills, which were supposed to demonstrate the strike capabilities of russian nuclear forces. but what are the real affairs of russia with her. nuclear stockpiles and in what condition they are, why the enemy is interested in such projects as this submarine a nuclear torpedo, which is supposed to sail to the usa and cause an explosion there, or why again russia declares that the tests of the nuclear-powered burevesnik cruise missile, which is actually a kind of flying chernobyl, are about to take place. we will try to find out all this in the first block of our program in a conversation with a person who, as a scientist,

devoted a significant part of his life to the study of russian nuclear forces. and then we will talk about our developments, of course. not nuclear weapons, but in the field of light armored vehicles, because not only foreign supplies should strengthen our army. about the equipment that passes the test of war in a conversation with the general designer of one of our armored vehicles. all the details in the second part of our program. my name is serhiy zgurets, i am the director of the information and consulting company defense express, which is currently working together with the espresso channel to highlight the most relevant defense-industrial issues. military and military trends. and now we are joined by pavel podvykh, a researcher at the un institute for disarmament research in geneva, head of the russian nuclear forces project. mr. pavel, welcome to the espresso channel. good afternoon, i have a lot of questions for you, so i'll start with the most relevant ones, that is, on october 25, russia

held the grom exercise with practical exercises. its ballistic missiles. what is the purpose of such exercises, was there anything unusual for you in these exercises, and why, by the way, was there no such intimidating rhetoric from the kremlin, as was conveyed by previous such exercises last year and the year before last, and what exactly if the enemy uses in these exercises those samples that were there before, so what does this indicate? well, what? concerns the exercise that was conducted just the other day is completely standard, an exercise that is held annually in russia, around october, for several, quite many years, and as a rule, the composition of the forces that participate in it is approximately the same

, that is, as a rule , it is a land-based ballistic missile, a ballistic missile from a submarine, bombers with cruise missiles are usually also involved, and that is, i do not see anything special that would distinguish these exercises at all, and moreover a lot of people drew attention to the fact that it was somehow emphasized that russia is working on launching a massive nuclear strike, but it must also be understood that this is also completely standard... rhetoric and this is a completely standard scheme of actions that is worked out in the course of such exercises , that's exactly - a blow, a retaliatory blow to a retaliatory attack, that is, in this sense - again, i don't think that there are any reasons to be especially worried about these scientists, but

mr. pavle, you have been doing this for a long time a project called the poison of the power of russia, and how would you describe the current state of russian arsenals, is it development, stagnation or degradation, and what is russia having more problems with now, with nuclear weapons carriers or warheads themselves? well, as far as we can judge, this is what we see , what we know, the state, i would say, is stable, that is, we do not see any... significant breakthroughs, any, any significant build-up arsenals, there are deployments in large quantities of new systems, and there is a modernization program that is gradual new land-based ballistic missiles are being implemented, that is, they are being deployed in mines, mobile, and

the construction of submarines and missiles for them is in progress, again, there is a program of ... bomber modernization, but i don’t see anything that would went beyond the scope of the normal standard program of modernization, which was adopted there already more than 10 years ago, and there are, of course, certain complexities, we see, with the development of new systems, for example, the sarmat missile, for example, very long is created with long delays, but not here, this is in many ways a new rocket and it is clear that any such a large program eventually faces difficulties, delays and so on, that is, here, again, i cannot say that this is stagnation,

this is what i am saying, the state is stable and according to all indicators, the planned process is underway, and the process of modernization and maintaining forces in readiness, as for nuclear warheads, in fact: it is more difficult to judge there, since there is not so much information about them, but on the other hand on the topic of trivochyny, let's say, the information that is available, well, there is no reason to believe that the situation there is somehow very different, that is , the arsenal is being maintained in working order, there are procedures for this, and there are no, let's say, reasons to suspect that there is something then things stand - unfavorably or vice versa, that there is some kind of massive capacity building there, there are no such reasons, everything is going in general, more or less in a stable order.

mr. pavel, does the fact of conducting nuclear tests by one or another country mean the fact that this country, well, in particular, is creating new nuclear combat units, and is there a need for russia to conduct a nuclear test given the fact that it has ceased membership in the relevant treaty there, and in general, is there a need for russia to create new special units to their rocket carriers or other means of delivery? well, the situation in my opinion, the situation here is such that there is no technical need to carry out nuclear tests, most likely there is no, i am more, i am sure that there is no. такой новечить, and more than that, we know that russian developers, they said that we can

produce new, develop new warheads and support and modernize existing ones, this was done after 2000, when russia ratified the nuclear test ban treaty, and there is evidence, they themselves are russian developers ... they write that here we made such a charge, made such a charge, modernized here and there, and some special - technical, again new solutions or something else that would require the renewal of nuclear tested, most likely not, that is, all these technologies are already more than fifty years old, and everything there - in general, something is known, but it is clear that this is... this is the step, about the refusal of ratification, or rather, about deratification, as they call it, the treaty on the prohibition of nuclear weapons is tested, it is a political step, and it is called

to be so, it is perceived as such, and, on the other hand, it must be understood that this deratification does not bring russia closer to the tests themselves, to the moment of resumption , russia remains, and it was confirmed, russia remains a signatory country. the treaty, and there, accordingly, despite the fact that the treaty has not entered into force, there are certain obligations, this is participation in, well, firstly, not conducting nuclear explosions, then participation in the work of the international monitoring system, that 's all, russia maintains , on the contrary, it is very important to understand, it is important to support this state of affairs, mr. pavel, and what is the current situation in russia? with tactical nuclear munitions, how can their quantitative and qualitative composition be assessed, and above all whether

left in the arsenal of the russian army is this tactical ammunition for artillery systems, there for powerful guns for mortars, and is there tactical ammunition that can be used there by special operations forces, well, in the format of such mobile devices, well, regarding tactical... or not strategic warheads are those that are not deployed, not installed on ballistic missiles, intercontinental ballistic missiles or ballistic missiles on submarines, the situation is such that there is no accurate information, that is, there are estimates different, but the united states believe that there are somewhere in the region of 1,000 or 2,000 such fighters, but it is necessary to understand that this... that’s how all these non-strategic fighters in normal time are standard, or rather, their

standard way of being on duty in the fact that they are all located in special storage facilities, which are actually located at a distance from the actual means of delivery, that is, if you have an air base with bombers that, in principle, could carry nuclear warheads, and that is, bombers with they do not carry on duty with these munitions attached, that is, the munitions lie separately, in a separate special warehouse, let's say , which can be somewhere several kilometers or several tens of kilometers away, or even hundreds of them, and - it is clear that - that's how many of them lie there, we can say for sure, no one can say for sure, and that's why there is such uncertainty, and what concerns the artillery systems and

others that... in his time russia stopped the program for the development of artillery ammunition, in the nineties all work was stopped, all existing ammunition was destroyed, and sometimes the department of the design bureau that developed these ammunition was closed, that is, according to these signs of order. so to speak, even more indirect signs, the fact that the united states did not, did not accuse russia of having artillery ammunition left, i believe that we can with very great confidence, it almost certainly says that no there are no artillery charges, and the same applies to other so-called small or compact ammunition, there is some suspicion in

the united states. that's not all, these nuclear warheads were destroyed by russia, but as i understand it, it's a process - dismantling, the process of disposal of these warheads, it's going on, but it's just not finished yet, and i don't think that these the weapons are really in a state where they can be used, even if they are still somewhere there that have not been destroyed. mr. pavel, and what do you think about these ... high-profile projects with the creation of a torpedo with a nuclear warhead in the russian federation, or the so-called burevesnik project with an atomic engine, probably a nuclear warhead, why is russia paying so much public attention to these projects now? well, in many ways, this is the main, if

you can say, practically... the main goal of these projects is that we are discussing them now, that is, that is why, that is, well, in a sense, it is long history, and if we remember, in the eighteenth year, when the president of russia told about these systems, all this was done, served under the guise that these systems are... russia's response to the deployment of the united states to the creation of the united states by the states of the anti-cancer defense system, these are all systems, they mean this anti-missile defense can either fly around there or fly lower or fly higher or fly to the side, and that is, this was such a political step, which, as i understand it, the kremlin leadership,

personally, in my understanding, it was very important for the president to state that here... to show the states that you are doing anti-missile defense, here we have an answer to this, from the point of view, let's say this, if we take a narrow military expediency, and the role this kind of system in the system of nuclear deterrence forces, the system, their ability to provide a retaliatory strike, i do not think that these systems have... any advantage over those that have already been created, in this sense, their expediency, their creation, well, in my opinion, very, very doubtful, here, but nevertheless, you understand that there are people who create these systems , there are some of their own engineering tasks, which probably need to be solved, that is why institutes are created there, a special design bureau was created at the time ,