[000:00:00;00] because it is quite expensive to bring in soil from the side, that is, it turns out that the most important feature of local house building is that before you build a house, you must first create an island of land on which it will stand, and this has been done for generations, for 220 years already vykovo, that's what the sharpshooter did, he made the kurin first, the fisherman who came here, the first settler here. then her children grew up, there was no electricity, there were 9-11 children in the house, so as soon as the boys grew up to 16 years old, so that they did not go to their heads

some stupid thoughts, they gave a shovel and everyone dug and that was it, and you see the classics, the canal, and the beds, so, at first they mastered the beds near the danube, the children grew up, gained strength, and in order to burn this strength in the right direction, they dug ditches, made land, here the land is made, when you travel by boat, you see quite a lot of trees, but trees only along the danube and especially where people have made a height, a tree needs a certain height above the level: the middle ditch of water, even in the berbi, so that it grows, and that's why trees grow only along the shore, and if people continue here, on land, then they grow further, classic smooth ones look like this, there are no trees, trees only along the river, in this family, how many children were there, as many as they could will deepen into the shallows, and from this side, there were more sons, there

were 13 children, they were on one bed. then we went to the meadow, you see, as soon as we went to the meadow , a willow tree appeared there, a willow tree appeared, everything that lives in the forest immediately becomes biologically diverse, and here it is, until now, right here two daughters, from this side, that's how the house stands on a height, yes, you see how she looks from afar, and this is from here, it was necessary to throw this drain in order to build the house, and it has been standing there for 63 years, how? the peculiarity of the complex swampy terrain, of course, influenced the very method of building houses , these are all muddy places, silt settles, swamps settle, if you build with bricks, then in 5-10 years the house will sink 15 cm into the ground, but the house alone is 15 years old and the threshold is made, there is no threshold for the load and he put it in such a way, because it all

sank by 5 cm, iso-reeds were being built here. and this is a light material, a small load on the soils, which have a very weak bearing capacity, the largest reed thickets in europe are located here , 180,000 continuous hectares of continuous thickets, these are reed forests, whole marshy forests, and this material has always been used for construction, but his parents tied him by the leg, to a tree, because he interfered with their work, and he sat tied , you say wrongly, they tied him not because he was in the way, but so that he would not fall and drown in jericho, they tied him by the leg, because there are rivers and canals all around, we have already covered everything, and before that everything here was cut by canals, in 1961 they started building a house, they made the floor first, the earthen flooring was the first priority, well, on the table,

an earthen, earthen table, the driver has waist-deep. and all this by hand on stretchers, as before, they were sunk, carried, poured into a pile, carried, then the frame was assembled, this is how the base is fastened around the perimeter after everything, which means that it is placed in a queue at the level, it is already cut so that there are no tops, and lies, one up, one down, one up, one down, to have the same thickness, because the top is always narrower than the bottom. for filling in turn and on top of the rails, this is how the house is built, as i showed you, and then from the outside they already give danube silt, smear it, and put plasterboard on top, and everything else is put in exactly the same way from the middle, but at the base there is a turn, it's like a prototype of a sandwich panel, it's basically a sandwich panel, here's how thick it is, you see what it is, that's all

, we don't have humidity or even a floor everywhere wooden, under it shell. hey, come here, i'll show you, we already poured crushed stone on top here, because when the wind blows. the shell is removed on the bed, it never rains on the wall in our house, but it rains, there is never dirt on the wall, because of the shell, well, lately you see, we pour small crushed stone, we already understand, it will be the foundation later, as they say, a pillow was poured into the ground so that the house was mowed less. the lining is already yesterday, you see, the hail has passed, the lining is now being made from a row, first a row as insulation they put, then a metal mesh, and then they already drape and then paint, smear, now everything is different, and this was 20 years ago, it was something

new, to sheathe the house with clapboard, why, because especially here on the north side, it constantly rains in winter , and everything is forever crumbling, it is a reed house, but since then it is covered with plaster, it is reed, reed and sandwich is a panel, and of course it was, under the reed, but from the point of view of fire safety, we still made it of tiles , tiles are a characteristic material for the whole bessarabia, from the local options for covering the roof, there was almost a queue here, but everyone wanted something more practical, so they imported tiles, as they say here, from the mainland, to this day on... houses you can see ukrainian, romanian and even french tiles, look, marseille tile, there are quite a few of them, but the tile must be on the same side of the same

type, because it has different locks, that's why the marseille tile is chosen here, it has already moved, i think to the fifth house, fourth, fifth the house, originally there were tiles, now we are they covered it with slate, but there were tiles here, ours...were not covered with slate, but with reeds. the reed top has always been there, now this revival has also started, from here now reed is taken all the way to the netherlands and roofs are made there. vilkov's life is even considered promising. the river provides materials for creating land and building your own house. the river blows it, giving fish. in addition, the local swampy artificially made land turned out to be fertile. look, we're settling down. here. lavender was planted yesterday, then there are strawberries, and we have strawberries over there, and strawberries are very tasty, maybe you have ever heard of such a variety, a star, a cross between a strawberry and a strawberry, it has

a fantastic aroma, unsurpassed, and when it is brought to odessa, this variety is the first to be bought, exactly this strawberry, precisely a star, because it the first is sweet, this is oblong and it has an aroma. and it smells, the aroma is incredible, the aroma, wartime is an opportunity to survive, to grow vegetables for yourself, and in normal times , everything was aimed at tourists, products are grown here, as i told you, on the danube mall, exactly as the nile civilization is all taken from silt, nile, and here too, and it is interesting to tourists, and they are willing to pay more money than for industrially grown apples, strawberries and other things. the south is probably the most architecturally

colorful part of ukraine. here you can find traditional crimean tatar houses, and basarab dwellings made of stone, black earth and water, and fortified islands with houses made of reed and shell, but in fact, in which part of our country do you not get to, do we have something to be proud of, what to respect and what to protect? all of ukraine is incredible, unique and beautiful, but most importantly - the only one, so it was, is and will be, now is ours, this difficult time, it is the beauty of our painting that protects us. this story is alive, and this one. in the first place, it is such a cultural weapon in our time, because if you love something, you don't want to part with it, you don't want to exchange it for something, for something else, it's an internal front, it's a region where you and people can talk about free topics,

each of us can influence the formation of this state, this is how you can live in such beauty, in such a community, where people help each other to one where everyone is so sincere, we live in a unique period when we have the opportunity to create the future in a time of war. runny nose, spray deflu silver immediately. the flu silver - a silver circle of resistance against viruses and bacteria. there are discounts on deflu silver spray. 20% in pharmacies podorozhnyk, bam and oskad. every day,

every hour, every minute we receive a large amount of information. the most anticipated event of the year, what is actually happening at the front, what are the losses of personnel and equipment on the battlefield, how does the international community evaluate our successes, and what is moscow lying about? from the flow news coming from everywhere, we single out the most important ones. the world is closely watching whether there will be weapons... for ukraine and what kind and what are the russian occupiers whispering about behind the commanders' backs? news, summaries of the week, this is an overview, only of important events , important, reliable events, this is analytics, fact-checking, expert comments, about this and much more in the issue today, about important things in simple language, available to all viewers. greetings, iryna koval is in the studio, and these are the results of the week on the espresso tv channel. news, summaries of the week, every saturday

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broadcast of vasyl winter 2 airtime faults 2 hours of your time, two hours to learn about the war and how the world lives, two hours to keep up with economic news and sports news. two hours in the company of favorite presenters, presenters who have become like family to many, as well as distinguished guests of the studio, events of the day in two hours, vasyl zima’s big broadcast, a project for intelligent and caring. espresso in the evening. welcome to the expresso channel. the longer the war lasts, the harder it will be to continue it. so we need to look for technological solutions and use them for a quick victory, because otherwise, sooner or later we will find that we simply do not have enough people to fight. this is one of the commander-in-chief's quotes. of the forces of valery zaluzhny in

an interview with a british publication, to which the attention of the military, politicians and experts is now drawn, and here in these materials there is a conviction that a war with russia in its in its current form, namely in a positional chip state, you cannot win with weapons of the last generation and outdated methods, so now, together with an interview in the economist , a large essay by the ukrainian general called modern positional war and how to win in it appeared, and in this essay defines the directions of how to get out of this trap of a protracted war of attrition, according to zaluzhny , ukraine needs air superiority, it is not so much manned aircraft as unmanned complexes of various purposes, it is improved means of radio-electronic warfare, it is strengthened counter-battery capabilities, the fourth is new demining technologies and the fifth priority

is the ability to mobilize and train more people. about how it will be implemented and in what period of time, and what other additional questions are raised by this vision of valery zaluzhny, given the current state and probable dynamics of changes in the war with the russian federation and the reaction of our partners to the course of hostilities. about all. we will talk in our program with professional experts and our industrialists. my name is serhiy zgurets director of the information and consulting company defense express, which is now jointly with expresso. aims to cover the most relevant defense, industrial, military and military trends, and now we are joined by our guest, this is oleksiy ezhyk , an expert at the national institute of strategic studies, mr. oleksiy, welcome, we are now

establishing a connection, and while we are doing it, then in more detail, then i will go through the directions that valery zaluzhnyi outlined as logical things that are primarily necessary in order to ensure a technological advantage over the enemy, to mix various technological solutions in order not to risk such a positional war, which it is now sliding into, first of all valery zaluzhny spoke about dominance in the air, but the issue of dominance in the air is not so much the number of fighters, planes, because for this time, the enemy 's strengthening of air defense and the available composition of the aviation complexes of the russian federation can in a certain way neutralize the appearance of those f-16s that we have been waiting for so long, and therefore, according to valery zluzhny, we must do bet on various variations of the use

of unmanned systems, which can affect the russian anti-aircraft defense and other factors. and now to us in more detail. we will talk about this right now with our guest, who will represent the sector of unmanned systems that is developing in ukraine, and now we are joined by oleksiy yezhak, an expert of the national institute of strategic studies. oleksiy, i congratulate you, glad to see and hear you. in return, i congratulate you. i am sure that you have read in detail from valery zaluzhny's interview with the essay that defines technological priorities, according to the general. related to the transition from a positional war to a dynamic war in the next stage, and first of all i would still like to start with your assessments of whether this article and materials appeared on time, and what consequences it may have, because some

say that it is untimely, because the mention of the impasse actually baits our partners, who say they have given a lot of weapons, there are no results, and others say the opposite, because this is just... a demonstration of what stage we are at and what measures are needed to use, so that the dynamics on the fronts really were as we expect, your estimates of the time and consequences of these materials? well, it seems to me that it is still in time, and it seems to me that this is not so much an initiative of general zaluzhnyi, the article is called there, his interview is called by invitation, our partners simply want to understand... what is happening, and the fact that people somewhere on the sidelines have been saying for a long time that there are no visible changes on the battlefield, well, i think it is better to say it now, that there is a positional

war, there is a fact of a positional war, than, than to wait until such negative rumors start, until they start, conspiracy theories of various... theories of what is happening, it was better, i think, to say, and still, what is said, there, i will say, there are not even two articles , there are three articles, there is an actual interview, an essay and an own assessment of the economist, well, such an overview of what is happening now, and there in the same issue at the same time it was said what to do with israel, there were recommendations, another front of this global war, it seems to me, after all, it's time, article is not negative, there, i think, there is nothing that our partners do not see and do not understand, i think that everything that is said there, after all, was discussed with our partners at the level of planning and various formats, and therefore i i think it's just that, well, you can

say, it's a strategic communication, an explanation to the general public, what, what will be the next stage of this war, yes. there is no thought that de-occupation is over, there is no such thing, it clearly says what, what must be done to win on the battlefield, and there is an additional emphasis from the economist, it seems important to me, there is everything there, but the economist ended not with what should be done technologically, but with the fact that in the first world war, in fact, the victory there was not the same, and the technologies were too slow and interfered in politics, one of the empires collapsed, well, the empire, it was called the german empire, but it simply collapsed, although it was winning and stood near paris, little by little they will go to paris, and then something happened to them, well so there, i would

say, it's such an optimistic positive, moderately positive, so i think, after all, in time, we all now understand how and what to do, that is, in fact, you think that the material is completely, if not optimistic, then pragmatic and it should not, in particular, create any negative things we stuck there to the choice of a dead end and then actually, well, we will wait when we will ensure these technological advantages technological advantages, yes, there are quite specific things being said, and it seems to me the same as a year ago , there was also an article in the economist, an order was an order to our partners for the 23rd year, if we talk about the political side of this article, there was such an article , i think, in december or november of last year, there was this order that

ukraine needed, it said to reach mariupol, that is what is needed for this , now, general zaluzhnyi said that we are grateful, but unfortunately it is not in time, and technologies are changing and russia has managed a lot, now another order, it is not more, not what was wrong, but just the same, i would perceive it's... yes, a new order for the new year, what is needed for victory, this is in the context of a global war with israel, if you look at how this issue is being discussed, and this is simultaneously with the processes that are going on in the united states congress, regarding the aid vote, i think they will still accept this aid, one way or another, and even, well, various forces say that there will be help, but this help, under this help, it has already been said, well , what should it be... spent on, so i think, after all, well, it is impossible to say that it is all good,

no, the situation is really bad in the sense that we will have to go through another winter, a very difficult winter , but it is not as it seems, there is no hint of it, and there is a way out of the situation, i think it is still, i would say that this is positive, nevertheless, and then the question arises. how to find this way out, because conditionally speaking, really, here we are your version, which conditionally speaking, this is a request for a new format of assistance, which is not only about the samples of equipment, which in the conditions of the new war, they are ineffective, we need to look for combination of technologies, tactics in order to create new prerequisites for the transition to a maneuverable war as such, but then the question arises that our partners will also need to rebuild concepts and help ukraine in those technological solutions where they can help more than we can ourselves, this

means that the format aid for the near future, it should be measured not only by the amount of ammunition and tanks transferred, this means that our partners then also have to reformat the vision of further cooperation with ukraine as such, well, i would like to hope that it is not the economist, it first appeared with our partners, there, in principle, they are probably already working on it, it is not a secret for anyone that even 10 years ago, tourists probably said when they were in moscow, somewhere in an administrative building, they found out on their gadget that they were somewhere in sheremetev, we also haven't heard about highmars, procalibur for a long time, well, yes, it's known that enough is enough elsewhere... with chinese means, you can deploy a system that changes the gps signal and there , solve this question in fact as well

possible with the help of ground stations. the most important territory of the world, europe, the united states, has these ground stations , but there is a certain policy of the united states, not to give too clear a ground signal, well , to unreliable countries, well, this element of technological cooperation, so to speak. well there's a hint, that, that issue is being resolved, i think, and the united states, if they've been providing us with attacks, which are also, like, which are also targeting the gps signal, i think that issue has been partially, at least resolved, before give us these, these weapons, therefore, i think there is a part that our partners have to solve when they already supply us with weapons, this is what is said about the reliability of the control of drones, the protection of ... control channels and, well, those systems that

rely on gps, there is nothing here such, there are questions that i have, we have to solve ourselves, regarding, as i understand it, well, there are no technologies in the world at all that allow you to easily pass minifields 20 km deep, which are constantly replenished with these means of automatic mining, so there are also hints here and there , i think this is something that ukraine itself should work on, well perhaps the problem here is that help is needed and help is needed in exactly where to create these facilities, taking into account what the country is finding... under attack, maybe in the territory of our partners, but in general, the list that is there, however, it is specific, there are specific hints in there about how the problems are solved, i even think that part of it, if it became public , if this list was completely new, no one saw it, and now we he was seen, i would say that it is probably

wrong, there is no need to make political statements with regard to technological military solutions, which are not in the pipeline, but if this, if everything is done correctly, i think everything is done correctly, then at first all these directions began to be worked out, reached a certain limit, the prophet, development, and now there is simply a strategic communication explaining what the next phase of the war will be, of course, i am telling an ideal picture, but i want to believe in this ideal picture, i have the right to believe in it and tell it, maybe i am wrong. but still between, between zero and what i say, well if 70%, then it is good. oleksiy, there are five directions, four of them are really technological, these are e -reb, demining, counter-battery warfare, unmanned systems, and each of these directions, if it is technological with new projects,

then the implementation time is uncertain, that is, we can't guarantee at what point we're going to get some decisions out there that will really ... affect the battlefield, or does that mean we have an uncertainty factor then as to when we're going to get those decisions integrated, and so the issue of positional warfare, until technological solutions come to our aid, becomes such a factor that we will have to take into account and for a certain time act in the conditions of such trench warfare as we are currently acting in the confrontation with the russian federation. well, as far as i understand, even a retaliatory war does not lead to defeat. already next year, it simply says that strategically , if the retaliatory war will continue, as in the first world war, then russia will win in such a war because of its mass, but i think, after all, there is no question that there are two months until the new year for to solve these questions , of course, one must accept that there is uncertainty, otherwise there would be no need for such strategic

communication, to say that it is necessary, there is uncertainty in what i started, the deconmist himself drew attention to this the thesis that none of the parties waited for technological changes in the first world war and in the end politics intervened, this suggests that even now there is no such complete confidence that technology will decide the fate of this war and politics will intervene, that is, one of the parties simply will not stand and there, and yes it is hinted that it will not necessarily be ukraine that will not survive, because there are many... factors in russia itself, but in the end , the task is shown, i think, after all, it does not say that everything has 100% be, must be resolved, but certain , certain, i do not rule out that, well, i would not be surprised if it was found out that , let's say, in a month, the effectiveness

of haimarsivskals and atapus again became radically higher, that is, with... some ground signal stations that allow, well, to restore this accuracy, i was not surprised by this, but there are certainly such things, i it seems that demining is the most difficult problem there, and from what was mentioned, from something that , well, is very uncertain, because there are no such technologies on certain technologies in order to pass such mini- fields, that's why, of course, not everything , but there are some that, i think, are determined that they can already be quickly resolved. oleksiy , can it be considered that, conditionally speaking, this publication in the economist will be such a certain argument for our american partners, who talk about what we want to see there a plan, victories or a victory program , and then from the ukrainian side we will say, this is our strategy, which includes four

technological directions there, if you help to really get involved there, then maybe