go, go, go, rat!

2:00 p.m. in ukraine, for your attention, a news release on the spresso tv channel, in the studio of iryna koval, greetings to all viewers. the russians attacked kirovohrad region with rockets. according to the spokesman of the air force, yuriy ignat , the occupiers fired ballistics from the occupied crimea. enemy targets of the armed forces of ukraine were destroyed over kropyvnytskyi and oleksandriysky districts. according to the regional authorities, the debris damaged the roofs of houses, fences and cars. there is no information about the victims. in the meantime, the movement of trolleybuses was resumed in kherson. the repair crews restored the contact network damaged as a result of nighttime enemy shelling as quickly as possible. so far, all trolleybuses have reached the routes, the mayor of the city, roman mrochko, said. also, the occupiers continue to fight with medical institutions. the day before, they ransacked the building of one of the local polyclinics. the employees of the institution have been trying since the morning.

an official of the kyiv military military administration helped the deputies of the city council to evade duty, the state bureau of investigation reported about it. head apparatus sent mobilized capital deputies and one assistant allegedly on a business trip to the kyiv city military administration. all this in collusion with the commander of the teroborona military unit where the men were supposed to serve. as a result, instead of carrying out combat missions, they and received

military salaries. the extras did not show up for military service for almost a year, but they received financial support from the unit. in august 2023, all four were notified of suspicion of evading military service, which committed by a group of persons by prior conspiracy. currently, high-ranking officials have been notified of the suspicion under the same articles. kmva, which contributed to the registration of the july business trip. the sanction of the articles provides for punishment in the form of imprisonment for a term of up to 10 years. in the kyiv school, the shelter was restored, where the ceiling collapsed the day before. this was reported in the capital's military administration. they added that the premises are fully usable. in addition, the city management has started an inspection of all storage facilities in kyiv. in a few days relevant commissions have a profile. for

the presence of deficiencies in shelters. the incident happened on december 22 during an air raid in one of the schools of the solominsky district, where the ceiling collapsed. the children were not injured. fortification of ukraine's borders with belarus continues. despite the weather, the engineering groups of the state border service are constantly building fortifications there, said andrii demchenko, the spokesman of the service. the military is arranging. trenches, shelters and firing positions, also set up a barrier fence with barbed wire, wire, to strengthening of the state border, local residents of the border regions voluntarily join. despite the fact that we are at the very border, none of the residents of our community were afraid, and everyone stood up to protect our community and our state as a whole, everyone is doing something, we are helping the guys there in the cooperatives . that's why we also try

to help people. currently, the state border service does not observe the formed group on the other side of the border, which was ready to carry out. re- invasion, is also not noted and non-standard situations along the state border, the situation remains fully under control, but given that belarus continues to support russia, we must be ready for any situations and the border guard dispatch is not canceled. that was the news for the time being, see you at 3 p.m. a sore throat or a cough is affected by mokaltin active, its elimination is facilitated by dry and wet with an active effect, immunity is strengthened by mukaltin

active, we have gathered powerful plants together in mukaltin active against scabies, linden alte eucalyptus elderberry and the shape of lollipops comfortable, mokaltin is an asset, there are no prospects for a cough from artem. two months ago, the epidemic season began in ukraine, this is a period of increased incidence of respiratory viral diseases in the population, such as, for example, acute respiratory viral infection, influenza and covid-19 and... according to statistics , up to 14 million people are registered in ukraine every year, who suffer from acute respiratory viral infections, as this is the most common disease of mankind. so, the cold season promotes the spread of viruses, and we will be with you today

to find out what viral infections threaten ukrainians this year, what to prepare for and how to prevent them. greetings to all viewers of the espresso tv channel. iryna is with you in the studio. and i want to introduce you to the guests who came to the studio: volodymyr horak, an otolaryngologist, mr. volodymyr, i congratulate you, and natalya pekh, a therapist, a functional diagnostics doctor. ms. natalya, i congratulate you, good day. and i want to congratulate one more of our guests, who is in direct contact with us today, this is the infectious disease doctor oksana vygovska. ms. oksana, congratulations to you too. congratulations, mrs. iryna. so, let's start our conversation, it is from you, ms. oksano, that we want to hear from you and understand what the current situation is in ukraine, what viruses are already circulating, and what are ukrainians most often sick with now?

well, now there are acute respiratory diseases that are typical for this season, and this includes viral etiology of diseases, including coronavirus, influenza, adenovirus infection, renovirus, parainfluenza virus and other viruses, but since it is still more correct to say acute respiratory diseases, then necessary remember that this group of infections also includes bacterial pathogens, first of all we are talking about streptococci, we know that in the world, in europe, great britain... there is an outbreak of streptococcal infection, its various manifestations, and in that among us in ukraine, we also have an increase in streptococcal infection, which is very often masked by respiratory syndromes and

primarily manifests itself as acute tonsillitis, among other bacterial pathogens that can cause manifestations, catarrhal manifestations, i.e. cough - we are talking about mycoplasma, and it is precisely in europe that an outbreak of mycoplasma pneumonia has started in europe, in china. well, and another disease that can also be accompanied by a respiratory syndrome, tonsillitis, nasal congestion, we are talking about infectious mononucleosis, but it is caused by completely different pathogens, these are various herpesviruses. first of all, we are talking about epsteinbarus and cytomegalus, that is, if we are talking about respiratory infections. ms. oksano, can we say that, after all, in different regions of our country , different viruses circulate accordingly. well, not all the way, me

i agree with this statement, because, in principle, viruses do not depend on the region, they depend on the season, and after all, we do not have regions. differs sharply in climate, therefore the viruses and bacteria that circulate in us are currently more, well, they are almost identical throughout ukraine, it is clear, and it seems to me that before... covid, people were not so interested in how exactly the infection occurs, people were not interested in how a viral infection manifests itself, what is the difference between, for example, influenza from acute respiratory viral infection, namely, during the pandemic, people already began to be interested in how viruses are transmitted, how they manifest, what are the ways of infection and how they spread, and despite the fact that before there, say, two years ago, we wore masks, we tried to benefit. . used disinfectants and washed their hands almost

every 30 minutes, so now at least people don’t forget that they should wash their hands and don’t forget that they do it not only, for example, during autumn and winter, yes, but and in the summer it is necessary to do it constantly, because viruses can circulate not only in the autumn and winter period, i want to ask you, ms. natalya, why do people often get sick... with acute respiratory viral infections and why did such complaints increase during the war? thank you for your question, it's actually quite relevant now, especially now , as you said, during the war, because most of us humans are generally in a state of anxiety, in a state of stress, and accordingly, with that background, our immune system , whether we want it or not, it still decreases, accordingly, resistance to any pests, be it... viruses or bacteria, it drops sharply, unfortunately, this is true, but as we

can see, our people already have some experience with the two-year-old outbreak of covid, that is, we are somewhere we still know how to protect ourselves at the expense of what you rightly said, this is hand washing, this is various means of disinfection, this is wearing masks, strangely enough, now we can also see, personally, i see at the reception that people are coming patients, they are already wearing masks. are already trying to protect somewhere and doctor and protect yourself, this is wearing masks in public transport, oddly enough, we also see this, and unfortunately, it contributes to this, of course, it is seasonality, because seasonality plays a huge role in pathogens and outbreaks, viral infections and bacterial ones, i.e. this transition, let's say from fall to winter, and also from winter to spring, it's always a huge huge flare-up because our immunity has that ability. to adapt to certain factors, this is a change in temperature, a change in climate, and unfortunately, the immune system,

according to this, also decreases in us, and we become more prone to various viral infections. mr. volodymyr, can you tell us what are the most common complications after an acute respiratory viral infection? of course, there is no such question of time, a person can get sick, pass. 3-4 days and is already presenting with serious complications. the most frequent complications are inflammation of the mucous membrane of the sinuses, frontitis, maxillary sinusitis, and ethmoiditis. what manifests such problems? a person comes, says, we have a headache, we have it shortness of breath, thick secretions. and since a person starts taking pills, and... unfortunately, we start taking any pills right away, they

mask some symptoms, so when we come to a specialist, to us doctors, we definitely do these examinations, this first of all, there is a computer tomography of the paranasal sinuses, this is a general blood test, this is a videoendoscopy of the nose, it should also be assumed that there is a complication of the nasal throat, and there are also... complications of the vocal cords themselves, that is, a person comes with a runny nose, a sore throat, hoarseness of the throat. it is necessary to differentiate these problems, because a person sometimes cannot know that he may have chronic problems, this is especially so when there are problems related to nasal polyposis, allergies, and in total this gives a complication, which at best can be treated conservatively , at worst. case has to be treated surgically. i especially wanted to note

for children. children who are sick with a runny nose and the runny nose is not treated for 3-4 days, they are very much at risk of ear inflammation, that is , otitis, otitis, otitis media, because the moment from pain until the perforation of the tympanic membrane, when pus can flow from the ear is very short, 2-3 hours, and in fact, at such a moment it is advisable to immediately contact specialists, specialists, ents in order to prevent... this problem now at the moment is the whole range of diagnosis of any problems that are related to the ear, throat, nose, so we work very closely with our respected doctors, family doctors, pediatricians, therapists, and we ask them if we see even a moment , which is not clear to them,

more specialized help should be directed to us specialists, regarding patients , it was rightly noted by a doctor, an infectious disease specialist and a therapist who are under stress, and perhaps those who are now in the east of ukraine, where, let's say, there is no heating, perhaps some good conditions of stay , it is clear that chronic problems are also exacerbated the most, that is , chronic sinusitis is not excluded, especially in older people, where... for example, maxillary sinusitis can be caused by dental problems, and these points must also be taken into account. moments of allergy sufferers, this is also such a situation that people suffering from allergies get a viral infection and it worsens their general condition, the most important thing in this situation

is to try not to engage in self-medication, after all. if possible, turn to specialists who will provide qualified help, well, this is about complications of the upper respiratory tract, and i understand that there can also be complications of the lower respiratory tract, yes, ms. natalia, this is inflammation of the lungs, and most often with these problems, they turn to doctors, therapists, quite often is accompanied by inflammation of the upper respiratory tract, unfortunately, by inflammation of the lower respiratory tract, we refer to them, it is very... frequent acute bronchitis and acute pneumonia, unfortunately, patients do not always turn to narrow specialists or general practitioners in time or therapists, are already engaged in self-medication and come with complications, i really want to reach patients precisely because complications such as acute bronchitis or pneumonia can

develop into much more serious complications, therefore, as soon as patients see that on the third , fourth day... some respiratory manifestations, that is, a common runny nose, a common pain in the throat, turns into either a dry cough or a cough with phlegm, if they see it, that their shortness of breath intensifies or appears, if they see that the body temperature rises sharply or remains at quite high levels, do not neglect this, be sure to contact narrow specialists, at least family or therapists, because acute bronchitis and pneumonia at the beginning enough can enough it is good to cure it in an outpatient setting and not lead to such, say, complicated consequences as an abscess, such as mpm and other lesions that can lead to pathology of the respiratory system, i.e. respiratory failure, can lead to such concomitant pathology as heart failure, there may be an increase in pulmonary hypertension, that is, it is necessary

to have a good mind for everything and to consult doctors in time. currently, our medical system is very well developed, there are many institutions, both private and public, in who can be freely admitted at the beginning of the disease and everything can be diagnosed and treated in time, and for people who, unfortunately, do not have the opportunity to contact, who are in the de-occupied territories, for example, and there is no opportunity to contact a doctor directly, can they contact doctors online? yes, a very good question, very relevant, unfortunately, now in the present tense. in fact, all medical institutions absolutely provide such services as online counseling, there are online 24-hour services, all channels are available, especially in any clinics that are in the western central regions, every doctor who has signed up for a certain system has registered, he is ready 24x7 to provide assistance, both through teleconsultations,

in the same way through various social networks, through various... and the rest, so this information is worth it also to convey to patients, to people who have somewhat limited opportunities to contact the institution in person, so that they are never afraid to contact doctors online for the necessary information and help. i have a question for oksana vegovska, mrs. oksana, i understand that you are from we were in touch and listened to everything we said, so i want to ask you, we know that viruses mutate and... new strains of coronavirus infection appear, can you tell us whether, for example, the situation with coronavirus infection has changed at the moment , exactly? with symptoms and maybe new and some other complications appeared? thank you, ms. iryna, what is

the current situation regarding the coronavirus disease? first of all, there is a decrease in morbidity, both among adults and among children. the strain that is circulating is the omicron strain that we are familiar with encountered, which... most of them were already sick, and therefore, accordingly, the clinical symptoms are much lighter than when they first met with the first serotype. cross -immunity works, therefore morbidity, the disease is much easier, there are fewer complications in the form of pneumonia, in the form of the development of respiratory failure, and this... you need to remember, but unfortunately, complications are noted more often from the side of the cardiovascular system, the development myocarditis, the development of endocarditis, this must also be remembered,

so i will join what my colleagues said, that is, if there is no improvement in the general condition within three days, the cough persists, or, for example, a cough has appeared, shortness of breath has appeared, a temperature is obtained. you definitely need to seek medical help from a doctor, well, let 's talk more, mr. volodymyr, about complications, how not to miss them, how not to miss this particular moment in order not to actually end up in a hospital, and whether it is necessary ukrainians really need to be able to understand where there is flu, where there is covid, where there is just an acute respiratory viral infection, and since you say that... for example, complications may appear not necessarily, after a week of illness, as before we all believed that a person is sick for a week, and only then, if

the illness has not passed, then you need to contact the doctors. in fact, uh, banal things like loss of smell, loss of taste, and even loss of hearing can happen within two or three days, if a person experiences it, they should leave immediately. to the doctor and prescribe this treatment, why? because the virus not only gives us complications of inflammation of the mucous membrane, where a bacterial infection joins, it has a direct effect on the nerve. how should we act in this situation? if you see that you are an adult or your child does not have a bowel movement for three or four days, there are green discharges of different colors, there may be. if the ear hurts a lot, or, for example, if it concerns the tinnitus, then we may have difficulty breathing, or frostbite on the megdaliks or

hoarseness of the voice, this means that you should first of all, at least, contact your family doctor, who is now everywhere agreements have been signed, and a series of surveys will be appointed in the future, but your service question was, what should those people do where they are? let's say there is no access, so in reality we have the possibility of online consultation, and in fact we can prescribe treatment based on complaints and certain symptoms, but there is one caveat: you can also take anti-inflammatory drugs, we can take local drops and lozenges for the throat, as for antibiotic therapy in each case, there should be a caveat here, so that on your own... very not to use antibiotics, because first of all, it is not a fact that this antibiotic is needed, and secondly, it is necessary to choose an antibiotic specifically for each type of this

disease. when a person turns to us specialists, specialists, already narrow-minded, it is clear that we fully examine him. unfortunately, now, in most cases, all the problems addressed by patients about... it is very difficult to walk, this is due to the fact that we have been walking for a longer period of time, probably protecting ourselves, now people have relaxed, and that you noted, it is necessary to order, now it is necessary and handle hands, and wash hands, and wear masks , and this applies not only to adults, and it also applies to children, we should also note our older generation of our parents, grandfathers, who on... there is even more impression, why? because their, let's say, the first symptoms of an acute viral disease can once again aggravate the entire

chronicity, not only that. applies to sinusitis and throat, the same applies to the lower respiratory tract, it is the lungs, it should be noted, people who smoke a lot, unfortunately, this is the biggest problem, very often densely, when they turn to us and think that they have a hoarse voice, we also detect certain oncological diseases in them, gurgling and not only the larynx, but also the lungs, so everyone's desire... to come and understand their state of health and provide himself in treatment, this is the priority of every person. ms. natalya, is it true that now, when people get sick with covid or the flu, most often the disease begins with a sore throat, that is, a person feels a very strong rest in the throat, the voice may even disappear, and then

appears only a cough, mostly yes, now this is the most characteristic symptom of the appearance of either covid or flu, although in principle other sars also quite often begin with a sore throat. unfortunately, once again, patients start self-medication at the very beginning, they come with somewhat advanced forms, so it is still necessary, even with the appearance of a banal sore throat, before taking any lozenges or sprays. from a sore throat to consult a doctor, if only because the doctor competently conducted a banal express diagnosis for flu or covid. now it is available, it can be done in any institution and after that choose a treatment method. well, i understand that ukrainians can do it on their own, because now these express tests are sold in many pharmacies, in every city, so it is not difficult to do, how to carry out a diagnosis, how

to do it yourself, yes... for a child, yes of course there is such a thing, but i still want to emphasize one point: it is necessary to follow the methodology of taking this express test, so it is still desirable that it be carried out by specially trained medical professionals who really know how to do it right. after that, as the diagnosis has already been established, the treatment is the same for all these types that we are talking about today for flu, and for covid, and for acute respiratory viral infection, or is it still different? in most cases, of course, the treatment is symptomatic, that is , we look at the symptoms and prescribe treatment accordingly, but i would like to emphasize that the influenza virus has a specific treatment, there are drugs that are used exclusively for the treatment of diseases caused by the influenza virus, but there is one important nuance: therapy with these drugs must be started at least 48 hours after the onset of the first

symptoms, in the future there are already such... evidentiary facts that it is ineffective, and then we really conduct treatment exclusively symptomatic, so in most cases we can say that the treatment regimens are similar, but still, when there is a suspicion of influenza, it is advisable to apply for a flu test and receive a specific drug for the treatment of this disease. ms. oksana, i have a question for you, i know that you very often go to the de-occupied territories, help collect... medicine for our military, and very often, precisely in this autumn-winter-spring period, everyone wants to help and very they often buy those medicines that are not needed at all by the guys at the front, maybe we can somehow do without names, but give people advice on how to help our military, maybe what

products are there. nutrition, so what berries or dried fruits are there, which can help to prevent these diseases are seasonal, to increase immunity, let's say so, and yet a few words also about medicines. thank you, mrs. iryna, well , i will start with the medicines, dear friends, our dear viewers, i understand all of us, we are extraordinary, these ukrainians, we each want to help our defenders, but let's... still collect medicines and we will leave the handing over of medicines to doctors and medical workers, who still understand that it is better to give them to our boys, because very often everything is given in a row, the boys take everything in a row, and then are already turning to us and we are already treating the complications that our dear colleagues talked about, that is, yes, if you transfer the heat.