detection of those that worked against airplanes , against missiles, and so on, because of the low altitude, up to 500 m altitude, that is, it flies low, and because of this, all this in the complex must be solved by new means, and here we have there is an opportunity for us to create such a system that will definitely meet all these tasks, it is clear that with a certain experience there, well, look at the technologies offered there in other countries, and what are the chances that the conditional boeing will be... accompanied two f-16s to ensure its safety, at least in the air, taking into account the laser guidance, laser destruction system that you mentioned, well, taking into account the fact that, for example, in the event of an air alert, there will be an aircraft, a civilian aircraft in the airspace, i think it is quite logical that what will happen a certain protection will be created there, well , it’s just a picture of holovut, well, i think i’ve only seen this in movies, in my opinion, this war is just us...

we saw something that was only seen in the movies before, that’s for sure, it changed our way including thinking. mr. anatoly, thank you helped me understand these aspects, i am sure that our viewers were also interested, at least i learned and heard a lot of new things. it was anatoly khrapchynskyi, an aviation expert. we continue our broadcast and with me in the studio is denis marchuk, deputy head of the all-ukrainian agrarian association. hello, mr. denis , i am glad to welcome you, congratulations, because an important aspect, let's say, is food security in our country, a good harvest, although the conditions were objectively very difficult for ukrainian farmers and agrarians, but the harvest was good, but this entails another problem, and it is probably the most urgent now, it is export, export routes, the sea has started to work somewhat, dry land is generally difficult with cordo. with

poland, but northern, or rather southern countries help us, try to help. what will the export be like in the 24th year, do you think the farmers will have time to sell at least most of what they have collected in order to accumulate funds and have a good sowing already in the 24th year. it is very difficult to predict, because the situation in our country is really changing because of the war every day there, there may be one situation, the next day a completely different one, as with... the blocking of borders after the elections in poland, the formation of a new coalition, as if they were unblocked on the first day of the formation of a new coalition, then on the second day they were blocked, and it would seem that there was enough work already , that's why the process is so unpredictable , and if you look at it as a whole, then for commodity producers, the end of autumn, the beginning of winter, december, january month, this is one of the active phases when they are preparing for the new sowing campaign, the spring company, this is one of those periods , when all are purchased necessary elements, fuel and fertilizer...

plant protection products, seed material and , accordingly, the lack of funds, it will be noted on all these elements, that is , someone will buy for 40%, someone for 50, accordingly and in terms of quality, they will also look, because to buy something dear, frankly speaking, there are no finances, not even due to the fact that exports are blocked, but due to the fact that we do not have the opportunity to sell at market prices in the country, that is, the goods manufacturers have been making a loss for the second year, and that is actually all you know happens by inertia, i.e. you sow, harvest, sell , but when you consider the economy, it has been unprofitable for the second year already, and under these conditions, commodity producers are now entering into loans, refinancing for the next season, taking loans to cover last year's loan, therefore the situation is not easy, and of course, in these conditions, it is very effective for us that we have more hope for the work of the black sea, that is, the port of great odesa, under all the conditions that arise, logistics through the sea, we have repeatedly talked about this, it is the best. what from the point of view of accumulation, let's say

yes, and logistics and obtaining, respectively, certain resources, so it works out cheaper, it works out cheaper, accordingly, if we have more commercial ships coming in, and therefore, accordingly, the amount of exported grain, a certain competition is created, competition gives rise to the fact that the prices for chartering ships are reduced , accordingly, insurance insurance risks too, they are cheaper, so the manufacturer will be able to partially cover these , well, let’s say in the price of these costs that went to... logistics, let’s look at the numbers then, really for the 23rd year, because more than 80 million tons harvest was harvested by ukraine this year, and this means that the harvest of the 23rd year turned out to be even better than expected, a record for almost all crops, the ukrainian grain association reported. the high yield compensated for the loss of 6 million hectares of land under occupation and on the front line. however, a record harvest in our reality does not mean a record profit. the sea export of agricultural products is

insufficient in terms of volume and low profitability for producers, the blockade of the land corridor with poland adds more problems as directly both an agrarian and a processing enterprise. and we have already discussed some of it with you, but - it turns out that, uh, ukrainian farmers, well , the dilemma arises, what to do with the harvest on the one hand and where to get funds, whether the state will be able to support in some way, if you say recredited, then are these 579 programs, attractive loans for business, or are commercial structures not willing enough to get involved in... supporting ukrainian agribusiness, no, well, we must give credit here, because during the 22nd and 23rd years, the 579 program is quite effective worked, and in fact in the 22nd year there was a limit of uah 60 million for one enterprise, in the 23rd year it was raised to uah 90 million for one

enterprise, if you look at the statistics, about 60% of all loans issued to commodity producers are those loans that operated according to the program, the only thing is to clarify that there are not 5,79 exits, but a total of about 13%, because certain risks still overlap, but it is still better than market prices, let's say, market interest rates on loans, because if we take market prices, then they will reach more than 20% there in the conditions of the crisis again, it will be very difficult to talk about the possibility of overlapping not only there loans, but also the body of the loan itself, so we expect that the program will work for the 24th year as well, especially it was very important , for the program to be raised for the de-occupied territories, because... this is a very important issue, considering that although the territories have been liberated for a certain period of time, they actually do not have the opportunity to fully raise funds, because of the fact that their fields are mined , because their businesses are destroyed or programmed, there is no material value to be able to contribute as collateral, there is no such thing,

that is why today we are communicating in order for the state to act as a guarantor of bank loans, and accordingly increase the amount of credit for these product manufacturers to at least 105.10 million hryvnias, i will explain why , because actually 90 million for medium-sized enterprises are very small limited funds, and actually we are saying that these 150 million should be broken down into fractions of interest, not less there, at least not more, sorry, at least 3-5%, because to pay there amount even 10-11 or 9 is not, well, not impossible for them in these conditions and for the period, again , of wartime actions in ukraine, the war and several years after, in order to have the opportunity... commodity producers pay them, because we have a situation , when a person, for example, left the temporarily occupied territory, he had an enterprise there, and this enterprise was lent, and now he is being asked to return the loans, although the enterprise is not working, no, it may be working, but

it is working in the interests of the enemy , they use it, all claims have today to this business owner, and actually in such conditions it is very difficult to work and talk about support, so this is what... a separate item of work, which is being conducted today with the ministry of finance and the national bank of ukraine in order to restructure. no one is saying that the loans will not be returned, but a reasonable program of restructuring these debts for commodity producers must be thought out. therefore, we actually hope that in 2024 the conditions that will be applied within the framework of the banking sector will work, and we expect for, let's say, the work of our foreign donors, because we need as much funds as possible, and if... donor funds will come in, they will be involved in the state's financial system, and the state itself will then be able to accumulate them in the form of new loans, well, but i would like to dwell on the figure that i have already announced, that is more than 80 million tons of harvest, how much we

could export in a full-scale war in normal mode, so to speak, with our focus on the figure of 80 million, how much is needed for the domestic market in different forms, let's say. for related industries, such as processing or possibly animal husbandry, for processing, for consumption in general in ukraine in the pre-war period of time, and 20 million tons of grain oil crops were needed there, this was more than enough, everything else was directed to us to foreign markets, to exports, because this is a serious foreign exchange revenue received by the state, these are the funds for which agricultural business also existed, so if we look as a whole today in terms of... productivity is about 80 season 23-24, we need to export million tons of oilseeds, that is , at least about 60 million tons, these are very large numbers, and we are really not able to cope with the blockade that exists today, and this will lead to the fact that in the new harvest season

in the summer, when it begins, we are certain that there will still be a large number of transitional remnants of this 23rd year, and therefore we will state that many... rovniks will actually either cease their activities, or partially suspend their activities, or not will go to the field for the next autumn campaign in order to carry out work , because he will actually , well... there will be no opportunity to work for, so it is very important, i clarify what we have already said, the sea must open from from a security point of view, what the partners are giving us today and giving us guarantees that the air defense systems will be there, if the sea becomes more active, it is certainly a great hope to export significantly more every month than we were able to export in 2023 , if you look at categories, you mean in aggregate, well, if we take a total of 80,

we need to export about 6 million tons of grain every month in the best case in any direction, and we can do no more than three or four there under today's conditions, but all- still, the fact that the grain corridor or even the export corridor is more or less... working gives hope, because not only grain is transported across the black sea, and the fact that, well, let's just count, we get january, february, probably , march, well, at most until april, yes, no, no, exported until the month of july inclusive, new , before the new collection, yes, this market works, and there is no such thing as weekends, vacations or winter or summer, the traffic is moving, it is happening, so there is time in principle, i don’t, i just had it differently , that is, it actually turns out. that agrarians are now given credit on the conditions that they can give funds or

service their loans already on the basis of the next harvest or until the next harvest , yes, that is, the funds need to be accumulated already now, okay, but if we are talking about, well , approximately such forecasts and if all this is exported, is everything okay with our storage, i remember, well, probably the first half of the 23rd year, is it possible. even, perhaps, even the 22nd year, we can talk about the whole, it was about the fact that in ukraine, in connection with disruptions, with exports, there is a critical problem with storing everything, it was the 22nd year, a really critical situation was, because , as i recall, in the 22nd year after the full-scale invasion, in fact we did not export anything for six months, because the sea was closed, 100-200 00 tons per month were exported there by nominal routes, that is, nothing language, and accordingly in the syllables. more than 25 million tons of old products remained there, these are very large volumes, considering that we

have the occupied territories of the south of ukraine, where a large number of storage systems were located in zaporizhzhia in the kherson region, many systems were destroyed during the attack of enemy troops, the north of ukraine, accordingly, this was not enough to preserve both the old and the new harvest, then the program using polymer rocks together with our international partners was launched. and this situation it was partially solved, now in the 23rd year there are no such global problems, because it was possible in principle due to modernization and restoration there, partly from these very polymer rocks that were stored at enterprises, to save grain, the situation was more critical for the de-occupied territories, kharkiv oblast, kherson oblast, partly sumy oblast, where the commodity producers , due to the fact that they were de-occupied, sowed and harvested a little there, but in fact... there was nowhere to store it, so it was actually a problem for this part of ukraine, but

if you look globally at the whole of ukraine, then there was no such difficulty as in the 22nd year, well, it is gratifying that one problem was solved, at least the harvested crop is stored qualitatively and potentially it can be exported. let's talk about how the lack of ukrainian food affects the world food system, interruptions in the world food system. food, rising prices and increasing the risk of food insecurity in the poorest countries of the middle east and north africa, led to a full-scale invasion of russia into ukraine, according to an american intelligence report released by the us congress. the future level of world food prices will partly depend on the fate of the grain agreement, from which russia withdrew in july, and the area of ​​land that ukraine will be able to cultivate during the war. we see that... if we divide it into two issues, it seems that the grain agreement has already passed into history, and ukraine on its own,

well, thanks to the support of partners and the equipment they provide, can to guarantee their exports, as much as the carriers are willing to participate in this, because there are still risks, as well as possible blocking mines, although ukraine is trying to protect against this, and russia is also shelling the port infrastructure, and there is a risk for the ships themselves to get into under fire, of course, one of the key points that partially inhibits the potential for increasing the movement of commercial sloops is the issue of security, because russia does not abandon... plans to destroy both the agricultural infrastructure and the infrastructure of sea ports, both river and sea, directly, accordingly, it makes its own adjustments, but nevertheless we see our fear and risk, the people, the owners of the crew ladders, they come in, they work, the program of agreements between the governments of ukraine and britain in the process of insurance of ships worked in many ways, that is, allocated the allocation of funding,

and this forces, shall we say, to influence the position of ship owners to enter. to the territory of ukraine and, in principle, to load and move into the world the food they expect. we have times when even the situation arose on river portals, that the offer for the provision of ships, it significantly exceeds the offer of what we could provide for loading these ships, so such cases are not isolated today, when there are no problems with the delivery of ships on the territory of ukraine, another question is how ready we are from the point of view of financial interest there to sell, well that's it. zarno in order to export it, that is why the market actually works, and we thank the armed forces of ukraine first of all, who really give a signal for trade, so that ships enter and we as a state could work fully. if we observe an increase in food prices , but now there is no ukrainian food there, do you know, now we will probably

talk with you purely from a financial point of view, can we expect that when we improve... the conditions for ukrainian export of grain lines of culture, accordingly, if in the new season it will be possible to raise prices and sell them for more markets, that is, these losses will decrease and the preparation of commodity producers in order to function, pay taxes, create jobs, pay people for shares, it will be more , let's say, they will be more prepared and financially secure, that's why we talk so much about exports, exports, exports must work, we must do everything necessary to ensure the issue. well, anyway, we are talking now about the export of conditional raw materials, or is it due to the fact that the processed products add value, and at least it is not just that the products lie in the warehouse, but it starts other processes, has the processing industry revived we, maybe, well, it is easier

to sell the product in its finished form, it is definitely easier, it is easier to transport, the load capacity is much less needed. its costs, but another issue is the market, the market of the building, because look how difficult it was for us to move away from the situation when in may we were banned from importing only to five eastern european countries for raw materials, that is, we lost the market instantly and did not know what to do with raw materials, and now we will go into added value, we will actively process those products, we even fully ensure domestic consumption, but well, this is ukraine, this an agrarian export-oriented country, and we produce much more than we consume, accordingly in order to ... about added value, first of all we need to talk about where we will sell our products, because in the world there is a confrontation around the protection of our national producers, protection of national interests, between external, let's say, importers, it is quite strong, and if we do not know where we will sell these products, then we will simply sit in the same way as we sat on the grain, in the same way we will focus on products with added

value, therefore, first of all, when today a producer enters the process of forming added value, this is an asset. and processing , he thinks, the first thing is how much money do i need to spend on equipment in a crisis, in conditions of constant bombardment, where there are guarantees that some rocket will not fly, accordingly, it is difficult for him to find investments, but if he found them, attracted them, okay, next he thinks, have i reworked, where should i export it, am i ready today to supply the demand for the market i want take for yourself, conditional yes, africa itself, asia, the middle east or even europe, because europe is logistically closer. to get there faster, a promising market of 500 million people, a prosperous market where you can sell your products, and many of the product manufacturers took advantage of this, we can see from the statistics when in fact at the time of the full-scale invasion, we actually grew from there to a nominal 32% by more than 52 % presence on european markets due to this added then such a question, there are well-known brands,

let's say flour, if we are talking about grain, it is so obvious that... ukrainian grain is definitely a brand, but it is not a brand of the general consumer market, but between suppliers or in the market in which the final consumer does not participate, let's say, but between processing, between production and processing institutions , structures, if we take the same example of flour, italian flour, of certain brands or varieties, it is considered good, premium, suitable, it is made from ukrainian grain. i just know what i'm leading to there, i know there is a variety, or rather not a variety, there is a type of flour, caputo, i think it's called used in pizzerias. why is there no ukrainian flour, well, i know kyiv mill, yes, but it’s just that i remember it from childhood, it seems to me, why is there no such global brand, let’s say, the same for

oil, what we are the leaders in production of products, but in processing, unfortunately , we do not have such a brand, well, we are really at the same level in oil, in the pre-war period , about 50% of the world balance there was provided by ukrainian processing in terms of exports, and now in terms of flour, well, it is really very difficult, so what to interrupt... turkish is very strong there powerful exports are taking place, and speaking in general, many of the manufacturers there are average and a little more manufacturers started to do it, but when faced with even the possibility of supplying within the framework of contracts, the biggest problem is that ukrainian is much more expensive than buying in europe or buying another part of the world, why due to logistics, expensive logistics, accordingly , no one wants to overpay conditionally there for $10-15 per ton there, if you can buy it more affordably. price, so when we are more competitive in terms of logistics, when what you and i are talking about during the program is the sea, the sea, the sea, if it is more accessible and safer traffic, then we will be able to compete, because

it is really ukrainian quality, it is known, ukrainian products are bought, ukrainian products are ready to be bought by others country, but for this we also need to make logistics cheaper, otherwise we will not be competitive with global brands, okay, but there is also an internal problem, although we see that ukrainian farmers from those fields that were available and not contaminated by the russian war, with those crops, but let's talk about what is happening so far, what is the problem for them: ukrainian fields contaminated by enemy mines are returned to farmers who could not cultivate them because of the danger. during the year, pyrotechnicians demined 200,000 hectares of rural, rural lands, allowing farmers to work on them - the mine reports. the economy demines the fields even now on frosty winter days , surveying from 3 to 500 hectares of agricultural land every week. examined last week

more than 5,000 hectares, the largest in the kherson region. as demining takes place, i have seen many of the farmers' own inventions, using equipment not really intended for this, that is, heavy agricultural equipment, but with their inventions. if we will continue demining at such... rates without possibly attracting grants from our partners or international institutions, how many years will it take us to demine everything? i am not even afraid to estimate, because look, 200 thousand ha in the 23rd year, in the conditions of the de-occupied territories, this about 2.5 million hectares, if we release our territories in the future, in general , this is more than 6-7 million territories that need such an examination and exchange. humanitarian if you look at the working conditions of demining groups , demining, precise technical demining, this is if you look at the criteria, and then one demining group can

work on a hectare from several weeks to a month, if it is heavily contaminated, according to the conditions that exist today, just rely on your own efforts, it will take 100 years, 150 years, so it is really very important today to encourage our partners, to look for financing opportunities. ukraine in this context, to look for opportunities to rejuvenate international rivals, organizations, groups that know about this, and there are such sabotage groups, in this context they need, let's say, to strengthen the possibility of easier access to work on the ukrainian market, and of course, equipment and machinery , this is the key thing that ukrainian emergency services also need today, we are extremely grateful to them, because they help ukrainian farmers a lot, but we ourselves understand that if they physically break they can't, that's why technique, equipment. this is what needs help today, and the equipment is expensive, today such a modern car can replace a person in demining, it starts from 500 thousand dollars, and these are colossal

funds, in the conditions of ukrainian agrarians, they do not exist, we already understood that with you , and the help of donors remains, and we want to believe that this help will really come and that in the 24th year it will be possible to demine ukrainian lands at a faster rate, because we must understand from how ukrainians demine their lands. from how fast they can start working in these fields, and so it depends on how quickly we can harvest and export it to foreign markets so that there are no problems with a food crisis, that is, food prices do not rise, so in this in this context, the world should also be interested in demining assistance, i understand you correctly, that a good result for ukraine would be to demine 500, maybe up to a million hectares per year, well, if it is 200 now, then at least po'. experts

speak, because they are better oriented, c what is the state of the fields, what are the conditions in these or other regions, i.e. conditionally one situation in kherson oblast, another situation in mykolaiv oblast, and imagine how we de-occupy the left part of kherson oblast, where russian troops have already been for two years, i.e. they are even more intense will mine this territory, and how much time will be spent there, well, that really needs to be said by the specialists of the state emergency service, i understand that... there is another aspect that is not talked about much, but it is also decisive, it is the theft of agricultural machinery, when the russians leave the territory, after they have occupied it, they usually either completely destroy, for example, this equipment, or simply take it to the russian territory or, say, to the occupied crimea, and often the agricultural owners themselves know about this, because there is gps

tracking , what to do in such a situation... it is clear that after the victory, there will probably be compensation, but now, if you have a minefield, you have no equipment, because it was simply stolen or destroyed, how to act in this case and are there any prospects at all the return of this technique? well, for sure there are no prospects, definitely no one will return it from the territory of the enemy's country, the other question is what we are talking about, you and i touched on this issue in part, it is help in the form of loans, yes such credits. with low interest rates and a partial state guarantee of the ability to repay credit rates, if the producer cannot do it himself. the availability of such loans gives him a chance to buy everything he needs, of course, maybe not 100% to the scale he worked in, say the pre-war time period, but in part it may be much cheaper equipment, respectively, but which can serve him in production, if he conventionally cultivated a thousand or 2 thousand hectares there, now that part is mined, then he

can work... 200-300 hectares , but it is enough to provide for his family, to provide work for the employees of the united territorial communities, accordingly to buy some inexpensive equipment. moreover, we are currently running certain programs related to the buffett fund, the harvest of victory, and where there, maybe you are too include, it is coordinated by people's deputy mytro solomchuk, where suitable harvesters and tractors are issued for these territories free of charge for field work. all the money, it really helps the producer, the equipment is necessary for that, so this is one of the ways out that today is used by producers who need such help, but i understand that in the peak of the harvesting season, even every day, because it is necessary, you need to use the weather conditions and maximum even daylight, okay, in general, if we talk about the situation in this field, because... another

aspect from which agrarians also suffer is the human factor, so we understand that many went to defend ukraine, er, are there enough people, especially for small enterprises, are there they are able to, well, at least guarantee the small necessary number of people in order for their enterprises to work. well, actually, in this context, the armed forces of ukraine, the cabinet of ministers are intensifying their work, because it has been developed. reservation system, but of course, in conditions where the enemy does not retreat, increased mobilization is taking place in ukraine, it is necessary to increase the number of troops, accordingly, a significant number of workers who are really involved in the work process, they are mobilized today, and, let’s say, with each, with each company, whether sowing or harvesting, people are very what is missing is how the farmers partly get out of this situation, well...