until in the end she fell for a bribe. this was the final digest of the judicial control program, see you in exactly one week. we are looking for 16-year-old anastasia pokhylyuk from donetsk region. official information about the girl's disappearance came in the summer of 2023, but it is quite possible that the connection with nastya was broken much earlier, and this is not surprising, because the child disappeared in the bakhmut district, where the situation has been too tense for more than a year in a row, if suddenly someone knows about the possible whereabouts of anastasia pokhylyuk, or someone has seen the girl before and maybe knows something about her fate, immediately call us on the hotline of the child tracing service with a short number. 1163 calls are free, if

there is no connection and it is not possible to call, write to the chatbot of the child tracing service in telegram. this is just one story of a missing child. in total, since the beginning of the war, we have received more than 200 appeals for help in the search. fortunately, most of the children have already been found, but the fate of many remains unknown, especially in the temporarily occupied territories. where the work of the police is actually paralyzed, from where it is impossible to leave and there are problems with communication, anyone can help find missing children. take just a minute of your time and visit the magnolia children's tracing website. here you can view all the photos of the missing. who knows, maybe you will recognize someone and eventually help them find them. i also want to remind you that the search for 17-year-old nadia is still ongoing. the girl disappeared on

the first day of the full-scale war, and imagine, for all this time there was no news about her. i know that when it all started, the child was in the city of nova kakhovka in the kherson region and still remains occupied. maybe that's why nadia doesn't get in touch. therefore , i am asking everyone who sees me to look carefully at the girl's photo. remember this face, if suddenly someone sees nadia shishkina, or someone already knows. where she may be now, do not delay and call us on the hotline of the magnolia child tracing service at the short number 11630. calls from any ukrainian mobile operator are free, or write to the chatbot of the child tracing service in telegram. look at the photo: this is a 12-year-old svyatoslav volchasty from genichesky district , kherson region. this area was occupied almost in the first days of a full-scale invasion. but the connection with svyatoslav

was cut off in february 23rd, and since then nothing is known about the fate of the child. i really hope that thanks to your concern, the boy will be found. look at the photo and try to remember his face. sviatoslav looks about 12 years old, he is of medium build and has blond hair. if suddenly someone saw svyatoslav the wolf, or at least knows something about him his possible whereabouts, do not delay and type. from any mobile operator, the short number of the magnolia children's search service is 11630. calls are free. if it is suddenly not possible to call, write to the chat-bot of the children's search service in telegram. and i will ask for a moment of your attention. this is 16-year-old kostyantyn chervov, who also disappeared on the first day of the full-scale war. the guy also lived in the kherson region, in the kakhov district of the city. tavriysk and

imagine, as of february 24, 2022 , there was no news about him, but i hope that with everything is fine with konstantin and i really hope that with your help we will be able to find the child. pay attention to the boy's photo. he looks to be 15-17 years old, with dark blond hair and gray-green eyes. if suddenly someone has seen kostya or knows where he may be now, do not delay and immediately call us at... the line of the magnolia children's search service at the short number 11630. calls from any ukrainian mobile operator are free, any information is important . we have created a resource through which you can report any crime against a child. in any city, at any time. just go to the site and report, and we will launch all possible punishment mechanisms. the 19th

century is luxury, scandals and intrigues , the gilded age from hbo, watch all seasons of exquisite drama, subscribe to ukrainian, turn on aristocrat on mhogo, there are discounts on psyk, 10% in pharmacies plantain for you and savings. hello, this is svoboda ranok, an informational project of radio svoboda. top guests every day. this is the shipping district, kherson. turn on live. we are somewhere in the vicinity of bakhmut.

we tell the main thing. on weekdays at 9:00. verdict with serhiy rudenko, from now on in a new, two-hour format. even more analytics, even more important topics, even more top guests, foreign experts, inclusion from abroad, about ukraine, the world, the front, society, and even feedback, you can express your opinion on the bad day by phone survey, turn on and turn on, verdict with serhiy rudenko, every weekday from 20 to 22 at espresso.

greetings, good evening, my name is myroslava barchuk, and this is a self-titled program, a joint

project of ukrainian foam and the tv channel espresso. so, today the topic we want to talk about is ukrainian wartime humor and the colonial syndrome. what do i mean? for years and decades , the russian empire through its literature, art, later the soviet empire through its show business, comedy shows, kvn, and so on, depicted ukrainians as such weak hochlov, with sturgeons, with mustaches that chew lard, and so on. it has been since time, it is not a decade, it is a century, because if we take ukrainians, the heroes of classical of russian literature, for example, ferdyshchenko in dostoyevsky, if you don’t know, read it, then this is this image of a ukrainian, if he is not an idiot, not a jerk, then a traitor or some very unpleasant person, and 33 years ago we

gained independence, but for some reason further in our mainstream humor, we continue to portray ourselves as these underdogs... trash, what makes us, or who makes us behave like this, make jokes about ourselves like this, and how it is related to the post-colonial syndrome, that's what i'm talking about today with radomir mokrykom, my guest, radomir is a historian, a cultural scientist, and i read his book "revolt against the empire, ukrainian sixties" with pleasure, and i highly recommend you to read it, and today we are talking about humor, congratulations radumyrs, congratulations, so why are we talking about it, it's clear, society shook and greatly infuriated a joke on new year's eve of the 95th quarter studio about a resettled woman from skadovsk, which is now an occupied territory, where a girl from skadovsk is mutilating the ukrainian

language very badly, as if she looks absolutely stupid in her attempt to speak ukrainian, and here people... somehow, some intuitively, some completely logically, they said that this is not just bad taste, but also self-deprecation, so you wrote about ethos. self-deprecation and the image of this stupid khahl. let's start with this - with who created and when this image of this stupid man. well, in principle, the origins of this phenomenon can really be sought in russian culture, russian literature, somewhere, well, at least from the 19th century. 19th century in russia, it was quite paradoxical, eh... in fact, somewhere in the first half, it is still there, well, in some in some

in the ukrainophilic sense, in a very peculiar sense, this is when gogol writes, and when others write, there is such an interest , intrigued by these ukrainians and who are there somewhere in the west of the empire, but interest in a tribe singing and dancing in exactly this sense. so it is gogol, well, gogol cannot be called a ukrainophobe, but gogol, as always, is paradoxical, and it is he who actually creates this idea of ​​a drinking and dancing tribe, it comes with notes of such, you know, interest in aborigines, and the point because then the political situation changes , that is, polish uprisings take place , the ukrainian national movement gains strength, and it is perceived as a threat as separatism, that is, the ukrainian national movement for the russian empire is separatism, and that is when

this trend changes, and it changes in a sharply negative way sensei, ukrainians are becoming not such an interesting element, ukrainians are becoming a dangerous element, and somewhere from the middle of the 19th century, a very typical image of this khokhla, who... has some these national attributes, yes, that is, there is this national dress, that herring, and these are always very primitive such characters, they are not so much, well, there are some acutely negative ones, as you mentioned, like in dostoevsky, and it is rather such a mocking, unkind , a stupid man , but uh, not to be silent, actually, but it’s always cool to cover up with authority, i really like it, it’s very important that already in the... century, volodymyr vennychenko wrote an open letter to russian writers, and

he says it verbatim writes, he writes that they say, colleagues, come to your senses, you who are not ukrainians are sometimes some kind of fool, then some kind of cunning, lazy, well, simpleton, and that is, this is a trend that during the 19th century acquires, well, really, really such a, well, discourse , yes, that is, this is some stereotypical image that is present in... this is how he writes about it, well, critics of bilinsky, of course, yes, who makes fun of the ukrainian language, yes, who mocks shevchenko, well, rather, tries to mock, here , and that is, the core of it all comes from there, from russian culture, because the russians had it is important to show that they are the dominant cultural force, that is, to humiliate this one, this other one, and the natsmensha, to show that he is worse, this is extremely important. for the empire, and this is what russian culture was engaged in, and then in the 20th century, and it

migrated somewhere until today. do you remember how mina mazayly says, i feel that ukrainianization is a way to turn me into a provincial, that is, a slob, yes, that is, it was already then, yes, mykola kulish notes that it already exists, that is, we can say that in the middle in the 20s , this phenomenon was already recorded, absolutely. because this tradition, it transfers to the soviet union according to the same logic, yes, that is, there is some kind of this, well, an outbreak of ukrainization, okay, but the logic of the empire does not change, this is this assignment of roles, yes, who is the boss here, the best, who is the opposite just some kind of funny addition, and some kind of offshoot from the great russian people, it remains in the soviet union unequivocally, and of course, that these best... intellectuals record it, and here is the soviet union, already the pigeons of the lights of the soviet union,

which is a generation stuck, and i remember shtepsel and terapunka, this duet, which was loved by millions of ukrainians, where shtepsel is a russian-speaking person, shown by an intellectual so soviet, yes, terapunka is also weak, ukrainian-speaking, so surzhi-speaking, well, such an irreproachable dyag. and i think that i ask myself all the time why millions of ukrainians did not notice that this was a mockery of them, yes, why it was not in soviet ukraine. actually such a rejection of such humor, and we have not yet reached independence, but how do you explain that this is so, and there are still people who love admire the actor tymoshenko, i also think that he is a good actor, but this drama was his big one, so why did people not notice this humiliation? well, it seems to me that

ukrainian culture in general is in the soviet empire, so these slogans are national in form. proletarian in content, and then socialist in content, i.e., in general, the cultural policy of the soviet union was reduced to the primitivization of national cultures, so when, when this culture had to be reduced there actually to vyshyvanka, to some purely ethnographic things, well, to be socialist in content, of course, that is, it is about the fact that culture, it already clamps. it stands to a large extent on the tradition of this inferiority, well, fictitious, but well, in the culture of the presented inferiority of ukrainians, and here there is a plug, yes, which works in the same way, although at the same time, well, i have rethought a lot recently purely for the academic purposes of the plug and terapunk, well

, these stereotypes are pretty well hidden, yes, that is, if you don't think about it, if... you just include there for dinner watching tv, you may not notice it, you may not see that the roles are very clearly set here, well , now it is very visible, now it is visible, because we, our optics have changed, yes, that is, we are beginning to understand , how culture worked as a tool of actual colonization, then against the background of this culture, in principle, nailed down, it looked like, well, okay, but that's how it works, and i just think that people... didn't think about it, just, well, no saw it from this point of view, although it, well, it is there, of course, what is there, ugh, so already, that is, there was a trap, a mental one, yes, in which we already fell and fixed ourselves, and i read your article where you talk about kvn, and

please tell me how you perceive it in general here's ethics itself and ethics and humor. of the kvn itself and do you share the opinion that it was also controlled by the kgb bodies, in particular, and through the kvn also in soviet times, the necessary messages were thrown? well, you know, as a historian, i like to operate on some concrete facts, i don't have any documents that confirm that it was controlled by the kgb, but it may not have been necessary, for that there was enough , relatively speaking, ideological... well , there is practically no doubt about it, because when you look at the content of these numbers, well, everything is permeated there, well on various topics, about the friendship of peoples, and about ideology

as such, of course, the construction of a bright communist future and so on and so on and... again, here is this factor, well , some kind of actual self-humiliation of national minorities, this thing that was very popular, and what's important, well, for the sake of justice, it wasn't some kind of, you know, purely ukrainian trick, so it's generally kazakhs, tajiks, and come to moscow and make fun of some of their nationalities , real or invented. shortcomings, well, there were a lot of these, and this, it worked, well, logically, yes, because you come to this big concert, there you are watched by such a bureau, the bureau of the central committee, relatively speaking , and you do what , which this soviet elite likes, because, well, the soviet union, no matter how much it talks about the friendship of peoples, well, we

we know that one people there was more equal among equals, and accordingly, accordingly it is so. and here you are talking about the fact that you and i are talking about the fact that not only we, but also other peoples of other soviet republics, they fell into this trap, well, in fact , we can talk about this as a post-colonial syndrome and a sense of self and self-presentation of those nations that were colonies for a long time, and perceive themselves through the eyes of the metropolis, and want to please the metropolis absolutely. but in the 91st year, ukraine will gain independence, and long decades go by that's the decade we're in. in principle, we should have time to reflect and look at ourselves in this post-colonial lens, and for some reason we did not do it, i think what is the reason for this and whether we could, is it possible, a completely

natural evolutionary path, such a post-colonial one, after so many centuries of colonialism, well that is, really, this is this approach of some kind of mirroring, well, conditional and or regens to the metropolis, it really works like that. that is, when a person, when a community is in a colonized position for a long time, it automatically starts itself to somehow compare these colonizers to these colonizers , to somehow try to see them through their eyes, this is actually a trauma, er, and it is with us, well, it is possible, thank god, not now, but it lasted for a very long time already in the days of independence, i think , that this problem is very broad. to my deep conviction, in principle , in 1991, there was no mental break with the empire, there were not many

rethinkings, yes, that is, it is some kind of continuation, well, even the very fact that the soviet nomenclature remained in power there for a long time , yes, well, there was no space for e the simplest example of a total revaluation of values ​​is a dissident. yes , if we look at how, for example, with the dissident movement, society works in the czech republic or in poland, and in ours, well, this is a huge difference, yes, you mean reading the texts, recognizing them, realizing their role in to all this, yes, we, we have just recently, in recent years, somehow started to move in this direction, but in the same czechoslovakia, okay, i understand, vaclav havel came to power there, the situation is different. but it somehow overturned the values, yes, that is, here accents were placed on who was actually right and who was not, but this did not happen in our country

and it metastasized into the culture as such, and in particular with regard to self-presentation, mainstream humor and so on and the like, and i or when we we're talking about crazy comedy shows, not only quarter 95, but... there are some diesels there , some other movies, shows, crazy wedding, everything that is considered funny, now, yes, is it, can we consider it ukrainian humor, it is correct to call it ukrainian humor, or is it just some kind of humor segment of humor, or is it, how do you evaluate it from the point of view of a cultural scientist, well , it seems to me that this is actually... to a large extent this post-colonial syndrome, yes, that is, this is humor that did not fail to reflect this trauma, which is based on the same

things, conditionally speaking, well, quarter yes, here he is, well, he continued the same, here in the years of independence, in already as a studio quarter 95, or well or now here is what they do, that namely diesel, and so on. that is, when, in fact, one of the main features, his motives creativity becomes mockery or self-mockery , because of some national or linguistic characteristics, that is, this, this, this, this, this very, very original tradition of humor continues, well, this also applies to great uncles and all this production, at the same time, it seems to me that we are, in spite of everything, starting move. well, there are signs that we are coming out of this, well, if possible, we will talk about where we are coming out later, i want to dwell on

this part, i, if i understand correctly, what you do admit , that this is ukrainian humor, yes, however post-colonial it is, it's still part of our culture, which is the reason why it's so popular in society, well, i... whether we like it or not, but it's part of our culture in a broad sense of this word, yes, culture is a very, very broad field, and this is somewhere , somewhere, a manifestation of this post-colonial syndrome, i think that it is actually due to, well , due to a certain education over generations, yes, when, well, that's it was considered funny in literature. in in pop culture, that is, that's what was imposed, why, well, there was not much of an alternative, yes, that is, we are talking about

the soviet total. well, a system that actually forms tastes, and it was considered ridiculous, that is, and it seems to me that, in particular, in kv, yes, the fact that these, these things migrated to a large extent already in the times of independence, it is not, you know, there conscious work of a diesel or quarter on this one, when you say these things, you mean low-grade, not-so-intelligent humor, yes, that's what we call. vulgarity in the russian word, yes zholobstvo, yes, yes, yes, that is it came down to the fact that, uh , i'm sure that these people, the writers of these comedy shows, they don't think about any post-colonial theories, they just know that it works, yes, that is, it worked and it still works, eh -uh, and they reproduce it, although, well, again, i had to watch the last few

episodes of these shows, well, you can see that there the ideas come to an end, so it's really like running in circles, so the same ones are funny hutsuls, or whether some mustachioed ukrainians are not good as such, there is nothing else there, this in fact, this is running in circles, using the same stereotypes, well, but some segment of the ukrainian community, unfortunately, well, they obviously like it, and they obviously like it, but here, for example, we are now showing this diesel show, and... this also, some one speaks hutsul, he speaks absolutely some language, well, mockingly, this is how this hutsul is shown, well, in principle, it seems to me that no one is forcing us, ukrainians, to identify with this person, or to identify with these stereotypes about regarding ukrainians, so with this lard, these well endless endless these in a circle so setting.

na na na this na this is stupidity, and it's millions and millions of views anyway , don't ukrainians want it to be like, well, we're smarter than this, we're cooler, we've already shown that we're much cooler than this yes, we saw ourselves with the eyes of the world, and it is not like that, that is, somehow you believe that somehow it will change, so let's be positive now. yeah, i think, i definitely think it's going to change, i think, actually, that we, well, only at the cost of this great war, we actually entered the phase of this decolonization, in the broadest sense of the word, rethinking a lot of things, and decolonization not only at the level of some, you know, intellectual bubbles, really as a community, yes it's not a quick process, it 's going to go on and on, but it seems to me

that even... the turmoil that 's happening right now around what the quarter issued again is a very good signal, one of the signals, because it , well, it's much bigger than it was before, yes, that is this is already some kind of talk of problems, and well , for me, this is a certain signal that we, we have grown up, that we stop liking it, didn't the quarter have it, i forgot who had it, i think it was in the quarter? ebonite sticks, signor holodomor, ukraine , there is a prostitute who is looking for money somewhere, and a burning pine was burning, what about the burnt house of gontarev and the head of the national bank, didn’t this happen, didn’t it, but the reaction was no, actually i think that in this is the difference, yes, there was outrage then, but it was not so large-scale, that is, by and by so, by the way the community is reacting, it

seems to me that we are growing. well, or at least you want to believe, yes, but well, it seems, it seems that there is this progress, that is, already some things society stops arranging and society is ready , well, simply to defend its dignity, because it is healthy, and you know, i wonder what when , if you look, if you look at the previous editions, let's say the quarter of 1995, it was in... the tracks of the palace of ukraine, as i understand it, yes, then you can see a lot of people's deputies of different denominations there, you can see there there was a former president , a former prosecutor general , and everyone liked it, and everyone found it very funny, so those people who are criticizing it now, that is, obviously there is really some, some kind of evil, i want to ask you about the new culture of ukrainian stand-up, i don't

know . are you watching it, i'm trying.