what should they do, if france also becomes far-right, then we will lose, then we will lose europe, and this is a very serious issue, because macron, thank you very much, thank you very much, yes, they say that maybe more, i will say more, i am prompted here , that's how you interestingly tell me that i can't interrupt you, so i'm not interrupting you, i'm sorry, okay, that's why it's very important that macron still took off the crown, and he, he, good news for ukrainians in because... the ministries, the ministry of economy, the ministry of the army, are important for us, the ministry of justice, there are former ministers who have already worked for ukraine, yes, let's say, in support of ukraine, now all these new ministers who have come, they support ukraine even more, because they are young, they are very energetic, and a very interesting minister of culture has been appointed, she actually comes from morocco, and she is... such a woman who does not

put a finger in her mouth, this mess, well, she just tramples him, and all the journalists here say that the minister of culture was appointed to bardal was no longer in politics, because she was his she will just crush, and she was given the ministry of culture for a reason, because the ministry of culture in france also takes care of the media, she is a very nice person, she worked with sarkozy, she was his minister of justice, that is, we now have such a french woman. .. a team of quite active and i would say aggressive politicians who will no longer, excuse the expression , use snot, yes, and they will now oppose this conservatism of the french, which did not allow the french to take the position that we always expected from france, and i really hope that this team, it will now strengthen the minister of the army likurnia, by the way, i know him personally, and he told me personally: madam,

don't worry, the french army will never leave ukraine. thank you very much, a huge thank you to oksano melnychuk, a ukrainian political columnist from paris was in touch with us. thank you very much, we are now moving from one side of europe, the extreme west, because further on is the ocean, to such north, east north we have yevhen tsebulenko, professor of international law, former head of the ukrainian community. in the wonderful country of estonia will now appear before us, and we, i hope, will be able to talk about something with him. good health, mr. yevgeny, thank you for finding time for us. congratulations, glory to ukraine. glory to heroes. look, i have such a first question for you, not about ukrainian-estonian relations, not even about the visit of the ukrainian president to the republic of estonia, but about estonian-russian relations. well, there i am, on the map. i saw and read about

narva, ivan-gorod, that somewhere there is the border between russia and estonia, then the question arises, and there are some claims, maybe they are hidden , the moznet people are modest, they will not shout at them about it, they would like to be left alone, then they do not claim anything, but if you take a map from a century ago, or a map after the 18th year, a european map, when there was still history... the republic then before the second world war, so what can be said, are there any claims in, well, russia has claims against everyone, and there are insinuations from the estonian side that, well , we sorry, but in general, this is our territory, tell us something about it, well, actually indeed, according to the treaty of tartu , the territory of estonia is larger than it is now, and in principle , estonia believes that the treaty of tartu until...

works well enough, there was an attempt to conclude a new treaty with russia, but the fact is that russia refused to ratify it, so it really is the issue is actually not finally resolved, although estonia said in principle that now there are no territorial claims against the russian federation, but if the situation changes, due to the fact that there is no new treaty, who from... immediately to the territory it will be a little problematic for estonia because of the population, well , it will be possible to organize some kind of protectorate there, when russia begins to disintegrate, why not? but look, the russified territory, how much it is felt, how much the russian factor is in the east of estonia. one feels that they are somehow, well

, they are europeans, at least half of these russian-speaking or russian people in the east of estonia, are they, are they still estonian citizens and..." if they are now offered to go to russia, they will say: "no, we , we, we, we, we for the russian language, but we are against, against moving to russia, let's say that, rudely, well, let's say, vidovira is such a district in the northeast, there, let's say, in narva, estonians in general are about 2-3% of the total, that is, during the second world war, the city was completely destroyed, by the soviet troops, by the way, it was. such a beautiful hanseatic city, but unfortunately, there is almost nothing left there now, except for the castle , in fact, they are trying to somehow restore it, but of course the vast majority of the city there is such a gloomy soviet

building, and there really are almost no estonians there, but of course people are very different, there is a completely pro-european, pro-estonian russian language. but there is certainly a very large part of such , let's say frankly, quilters who really dream of a great russia there, but of course they don't really want to move there, because they clearly see across this border across the narova river that the situation in the same ivangorod is much worse than that's why they love russia from the estonian side, but they don't want to go there, i'll leave. there to probably buy something cheaper, but constantly move there they don't want to, of course, but this is possible, but this morning it became known that the latvians in latvia are the leader of some russian organization, he is 82 years old, he has been living since 1966

, so he has already been in riga, or at least in latvia, that he was expelled as a person dangerous for the latvian state, and is this possible in estonia, is it being discussed, are they thinking in estonia that these people, they, some part of them, at least constitute a real danger to the existence of the estonian state, or such there are no sentiments, well, in fact, estonia also has several of the most odious figures the russian world was deported to russia, this... happened not only in latvia, in latvia it is certainly a bit more interesting there, because they have now said that those who pass the exam in latvian will also be deported, and some of them who did not pass the first time passed the exam,

they gave the opportunity to somehow retake it, but they didn't even try to deport them simply because they don't want to learn the latvian language. there is no such thing in estonia yet, but, as i said, several of the most odious persons have already been deported, and what is the reaction in estonia to the visit of mr. president zelensky, what people say, that the government speaks estonian, how much does it raise the mood, or vice versa, does it not raise, lowers the mood of estonians. i know that estonians are very hospitable to ukrainians, they are very nice. two weeks ago, my daughter studied at the university of tartu and talked about what was happening there, so i somehow have some connections here, well, i did, but now i don't, tell me something about ukrainian-estonian connections, how much estonians value ukrainians and

how much they are ready to help in the future, well this is very well known, i have already said about it many times. including on your airwaves, by the way, he actually just returned from a rally organized by the congress of ukrainians of estonia, and russia is a terrorist state, ah, that is, they also discussed the issue of terrorist activity in russia, what to do with it, and in principle, estonia helps ukraine very actively, in fact, this is the footage of today's rally, i spoke there, promptly. it worked, well done, and that is, estonia has been in first place for many years, and with help for ukraine, if you count from the gdp, and both general and military, and in principle, it is not only measured, of course, by some

finances, but estonia has always been such a voice of ukraine on various diplomatic and other political platforms, estonia was the first country that.. . recognized the holodomor as genocide back in 1993, then recognized the current events as genocide, the first who, let’s say, called officially through a statement to the rygekog to close... including zelensky’s visit, it was dedicated to this, well, first of all, it was of course

such a gesture of thanks, because there is really no need to explain anything to the baltic countries, they all understand themselves very well, and really help very actively, it is not only estonia, it definitely applies to latvia and lithuania, but again, it was about the fact that estonia helps ukraine to constantly keep this issue in mind. all the more now it is about financial stability, especially taking into account that it is not clear what will happen in the united states, it is necessary that this mechanism, legally flawless, is finally developed and operational confiscation of russian assets, work on this issue is very active, and estonia is once again one of the leaders here in terms of prosecution. and including regarding the crime of aggression, estonia also worked very actively in this direction, i

also, by the way, joined the work of our former minister of foreign affairs hurmes reinsalu on this issue, that is, estonia is very actively helping us, and this is exactly what the consensus is among politicians, that is, there cannot be such a situation as, say, in slovakia, when the government changed there and the situation changed, there is such a consensus. ah, among all the political forces, even those forces that conditionally have a more negative attitude towards estonia, they alone will not be able to get a majority, that's for sure, and look, i also know that in estonia i don't know the estonian language, except tere, tere is a greeting, and, yes, they say that there is such an idiom, what will you do when they come, and these words... at least in the soviet union it was common when it was, when estonia was a soviet republic, and it was in mind

certainly the russians, when they come , they didn’t, the estonians didn’t ask what would happen if, how will you behave, in the event that russia attacks, just say what you will do when they come, and everyone subconsciously understood that mind, but now we can say that estonians are afraid of a russian attack, or will estonians calm down? by the fact that they are members of nato, and thus no russia will attack them. well, they are afraid, probably not a very accurate definition, but the fact that they take this threat seriously is definitely, and definitely estonia is a member of nato, but it is very actively developing its defense, that is, even when it was not yet mainstream, estonia spent more than 2%, there was certain.

there is no abstract member of nato, there is a concrete british, french, chidan one, thank you very much, thank you very much, thank you very much, evgeny sybulenko, professor of international law, former head of the ukrainian community in estonia, was in touch with us, now we started with ukrainian military circumstances and end with ukrainian, i would say,

agricultural circumstances, we don't let's talk about the war now, oleg. head of the food and land use research center of the kyiv school of economics, expert on land issues and agrarian policy. oh, mr. olezh, you have already appeared, thank you for finding time for us, good health to you. well, i have editors, wonderful, beautiful, the best in the world. and here they wrote me the following. land reform two dots, why in two years in ukraine sold 1% of agriculture for? i add from myself, it means to me that either the war is going on, or they don't want to do it, or the bill is completely bad was submitted, and the experts looked, that is, the agricultural workers looked, the farmers looked and said: no, it does not suit us, we

do not want to own the land and we will not, your version, i see that you are asking me... sir mykola, but i don’t hear what exactly, i’m sorry , what’s going on in our apparatus, who can tell me something, hello, tell me, i can’t hear what’s going on in the studio, i see you, i hope you know about it and my colleagues, who are now correcting the situation, because i certainly can't do anything for you here, i'm here i'm sitting, i only have a table, i can hear everything, it's great, can you hear me yet? yes, therefore, land reform, in two years in ukraine , 1% of agricultural land was sold. i understand that for myself, the next step is either a war is going on and people don't want to deal with it, or a bad bill was introduced and passed as law, and people looked at it and said, we

don't like it, we don't want to own land because what... damn it, well, we won't be able to work with her somehow. your answer, which would be my 1% point of view - this quite a good result that we have in two years, even in times of a full-scale war, it corresponds to the standard, so to speak , the benchmark that exists in other countries, especially considering that in our market, it was actually only for individuals, i.e. they could buy land. plots of land could only be bought by individuals, this is a very limited market, and there were few conditions or space for this market to develop, and accordingly 1% is a pretty good indicator that demonstrates in fact that the demand yes, people want to buy, it's just that it's a rather narrow market with a lot of

restrictions that didn't allow showing all the power, so to speak, of the resource. land that is in ukraine. i have a tricky question for you, it was related to argentina, such a highly developed agricultural country, but in the 1930s it was in the top nine, that is, in the top ten most developed countries in the world. and now economists and financiers and experts say that they have emphasized agriculture, and now they are the 59th country in the world. no matter what happens to ukraine also move 50 positions back, because ukrainians really like to mention that we have agriculture, our lard is the best in the world, which i also support, i really like ukrainian lard, especially with garlic, with bread and with moonshine, and also in a good way moonshine, but so that we do not

drag ukrainians into purely agricultural activities. something, because the world lives differently, even agriculture, this is vertical agriculture, these are the latest experiments, which are no longer experiments, as far as we ukrainians can provide, maybe agriculture will remain in the first place, but it will already be the next agriculture, that is, in the 22nd century, and not backward, when we will have dairy farms there, all of them and... and so on, you know, in this regard, god kissed ukraine in terms of agriculture, yes, you can say so, because our resources are quite significant for the development of agrarian production, agrarian processing, a third of all black soil in the world is located in ukraine, and this is very a lot, this is a very large

resource, so there is nothing wrong with that it is not that our agrarian sector is so big or so powerful, and after all, the main need of people is food, yes, and we have the ability to produce this food and supply it to the world, to our own. further, which countries need this food, but i agree with you that, more developed countries, in these countries, the share of agriculture or the agrarian sector there is 2.5%, for example, of gdp, yes, that is, unlike us, well, in our country, if we take everything related to the land, agriculture as a whole, it is about 20%, at least it was like that before the war, that is, we will still... develop, and if we look at the agricultural sector as a business, and not as, i don’t know, a hobby, or even

use it, if agricultural economy, so that there is profit, yes, income, so that there are, and not to look at this sector from the point of view of populism, yes, let's feed, let 's keep the prices for everyone, let's not know what to do. then everything will be fine with us, then others will develop on the basis of this agrarian production there sectors, processing, and i hope that in the end the share of the agricultural sector in the economy of ukraine will be, well, like in europe or in the united states of america, there 1-2%. and not due to the fact that there will be less, yes, but there will be more, just other sectors, they will increase and grow much more than agriculture. mr. oleg, here you... didn't scare me, i won't hide it, when you started saying that god kissed us, and it's beautiful, i'm very afraid when god kisses someone on the globe, i think on the contrary when

god flies by, here he is in all the fossils, v everything he could, he did not kiss japan, and where is japan now, it had nothing, simply, but because of the very fact that there was nothing, let's produce, let's... invent, let's make technologies, let's develop it and so on and the like, but my question is different: how to get rid of what critics of any actions regarding agriculture call the main problem, the latifundization of ukrainian agriculture, or is it really a problem? because there are a lot of people, mostly our ukrainian nationalists, they say: they are their dream - this is a lot of such average farmers, not latifundia on on on there some hundreds, thousands and millions of hectares, what do you

say? well, look, i think that there is no need to be afraid of this, because we do not have it and will not have it, why? because we have these latifundia that you are referring to, the so-called agricultural holdings, they are currently cultivating. do they cultivate only 25% of all land, agricultural land in ukraine, and there are many of them, there are up to 30 of them, it seems, that is, their share is small, of all producers in ukraine, including small and with agricultural holdings, about 4 million, yes, that is, we have a lot of people, sole proprietors, millions of them, they cultivate there 3 hectares, 10 hectares, 20 hectares, so... then there are middle peasants, there are also a lot of them, in our country medium-sized farms are from two there to 10,000 hectares, we have about 9,000 of them, that is , what i want to say is that in ukraine

there will be enough space for all forms of farming, because you know, when we have large fields, you will go out into the steppe, there it is and you cannot see where it ends, yes, accordingly , it is more efficient there to process large farms with extensive machinery, then you can simply produce more products. give more profit to the owners or those who own this or that company and , accordingly, pay a higher salary there and pay more taxes, someone who operates more on such small plots there up to 10 hectares, up to 3 hectares, there if and and smaller producers can do it, they can put up a greenhouse or there, for example, engage in cooperative farming, that is, i would not worry about it, and it seems to me that this is an increasing trend in our country as well. cultivation area within one there agricultural holding, it ended at the beginning of the 10s, then there was a very big expansion and

then there were very, very big warnings. but since that time, on the contrary, we have the largest agricultural holdings there, they began to dump land due to the fact that they began to focus more on making a profit, on intensification of production, and not on this is my question, my question, mr. olezh, is about productivity, how far are the farmers ukrainians are interested, as much as they would like to go to denmark, holland, i don't know, america or somewhere to see and invite and maybe what are they, or are they really no longer collective farmers, namely western farmers? i think that we have enough of everything in the sector, and it is very diverse in our country, as i said, we have agricultural holdings with very good technologies, exemplary technologies, which can be safely demonstrated there and in the west, but

there are. .. there are other forms of management there, there are small ones, for example, yes, which can also be developed, and some can simply and with outdated technologies produce products, that is, there are many, very diverse people, and accordingly there are opportunities to increase productivity, we simply took measurements there, then we still have this space for increasing productivity by at least 30%... at least yes, we can produce even more products, and our agricultural producers, at least before the war, were intensely interested in the technologies that is in the west, yes, what can be bought there , what can be borrowed there, our producers do not shy away, unlike the same europe, for example, where agriculture or farming is more, you know, a hobby, they are all there, roughly speaking, in greenhouse conditions, in we are so, well, serious to a certain extent...

wild capitalism, yes, the last, the last question, it is important, how will the european union affect agriculture, in agriculture , joining the european union is beneficial, well, for me it is definitely not beneficial, because in in europe , it is believed that lard is pure cholesterol, it is harmful to health, and therefore lard should be banned, so i am categorically against promotion to europe in this, in this field, and what do you say? it is beneficial to us, because europe is a big market, there is a place to sell products, and our products are needed there, and these are the events there, since the beginning of russian aggression, when europe helped us there with additional ways of solidarity, yes, through which it was possible to export our products, this showed that there is a need for our products, there is a demand and you need to produce there.

to cook and use such an opportunity , it is, if it is so short, yes, no, it can be longer, but the poles have literally half, half a minute, but poland protests against your words, polish farmers say, no, no, we don’t need ukrainian, we have our own there is nowhere divati, well, because they feel that we are quite so competitive in terms of competitiveness and can even push them there in certain markets, that is, they are afraid for no reason, in us... farming is really economic, you know, serious, unlike them, so they are afraid, but i hope that these issues of border trade and trade with poland will be resolved in any case, because i thank you very much for the optimistic note given to our program by oleg nivievskii, the head of the center for food research and land use of the kyiv school of economics, today's program ends,

i hope that in the future we will. optimism will increase, increase, increase, increase, and i also hope that anna javamelnyk, who will now start her part of the evening program, will add to the optimism, it is called this part of the news on espresso. how many countries supported the ukrainian peace formula, how the armed forces destroy the drones of muscovites and what will help to effectively attract people to the armed forces. good evening, with you is anaeva melnyk and the news team summing up the day today's the russians attacked nikop with shaheds 11 times.