much more than others, and indeed many countries implement a policy of adaptation and attracting people to the labor market, this will cause big problems for us in ukraine, because migration in peacetime is mainly of an economic nature, and that is, people will come to us , which of the countries in which the level of economic development will be lower even than in ukraine, so it is... really asian countries, maybe african countries, but here the question arises, in general , if the ministry of economy calculated that the need could be 4-5 million, but they counted under the old structure of the economy, here we should generally decide on what conditions, if it is necessary to attract migrants, there is experience when labor migrants are recruited by the shift method to perform certain... jobs, and after that, if they are not

granted citizenship and opportunities to live further in the country, i.e. they came and worked there for a year, two or three and returned, and most importantly, we just need to mentally decide psychologically that there will never be 52 million of us, and we need to build a model of the economy based on numbers, on real the number of the population that is, that is , different scenarios and the placement of the population and the placement of enterprises for a population in the range of 25-35 million. and according to the new model, already determine the need for external labor migrants. ugh. mr. oleksandr, you say very important things. i still wanted to touch on another topic. is the program now aimed at improving this demographic situation? and

improve, in particular at the expense of the ukrainians themselves, which i am leading to, i actually reviewed the information about what is now mortality has increased, the number of people with disabilities has increased, we understand that this is largely related to the war, but in fact not only that, so if it concerns premature mortality among men, then it is said that there are problems with hygiene, with improper nutrition, on our broadcasts , doctors told us that they die not so much from alcohol, but from eating the wrong food, not eating vegetables, and peppers, tomatoes, burdock root, although we have enough of it, especially in the season, is the program formed not only by your institution, no only by the institute of demography, together with others, with ministries, with the ministry of health, for example, with some, i don't know, ministry of propaganda, for example, about how to live. and what should

ukrainians do in order to live longer, better, better, and in their own land? so , as such, there is currently no program, and even if there was one, its implementation would still be very complicated, but now, under the auspices of the ministry of social policy , a demographic development strategy is being developed until the 40th year, although we believe that it should be until 50th year but nevertheless, he wants to have at least some kind of strategy, the strategy sets the framework , what pain points need to be addressed, under this strategy, each ministry and department must, well, which, as this strategy affects, must develop certain programs for the implementation of this strategy, i.e. now the strategy is. at the stage of coordination between various

ministries and departments. after that, yes, a program of measures will be developed, it must be developed now, regardless of whether the war is going on or not, in what phase it is is located, and to implement this strategy, at least in the controlled territories. the strategy includes how issues of family policy, including the birth of her child, will be taken up and developed by certain ministries and departments. and also from the financing of this program, ugh, but still, i want to go back to, if possible, for a moment to use your knowledge and understand, for ukrainians in the near future, which books, which youtube channels to subscribe to, to learn turkmen or uzbek language, in general the turkic language group, africans could learn mandarin and... and there are two other chinese languages, that is

, we are waiting for a wave of migration, accordingly, what kind, what quality can we learn it? and what kind of geography to see, and how much these glorious ukrainian parameters will shake, because we are one of the most tolerant european nations, this can be calculated in everything, even when the coefficients of domestic anti-semitism were shown there, we have it the lowest in europe, the same with regard to the roma and so on , will it shake this ancient balance of tolerance in ukraine. after the war? same as me said, everything will depend on the need for labor force. and this need , as i have already said, can be realized in different ways, not to attract people here for permanent residence, well, but then i will not deal with deportation later, but

i will draw up, draw up employment contracts, contracts for a certain time of work, uh, and that’s it, because if here and there... well, excuse me, to bring 5 million people, depending on the year it will be implemented, it can be from 12 to 17% of the population, the population of the population of ukraine, this is a crazy percentage, and social infrastructure and, shall we say, people's consciousness simply cannot stand it, and we can go from such a calm, tolerant nation to a completely different one in terms of behavior, so if we attract migrants or people for permanent residence, then it must be done very carefully, consistently, yes, so that, if any ethnic structure of the population changes, it should happen

over the course of 50-70 years, and not all at once in 2-3 years, otherwise there will be social, very strong social tension, huh. now, for example, most of all ours refugees, relative to the population in the country, this is the czech republic, there are 3.3% of our refugees, and they are already feeling the strain in the social infrastructure, in the ability to provide all these people with work, and the czech republic is one of the first countries to adopt a law, that after the war it will pay money to our citizens upon returning to ukraine. in other words , we have to be very, very careful here with regard to migration policy, they are not the first, mr. oleksandr, the irish have already done it, scotland also has such programs for ukrainians, in this in this case, we will just finalize it, will we be able

to use the experience of, for example, the small and very rich state of kuwait, it introduces quotas, the government simply introduces annual quotas, we import as much, we export as much and that's it, we can do it this way. to work yes or no, because these are the last seconds, well, i believe that it is necessary to go to this, not only kuwait, sadov, saudi arabia also has quotas for work and also brings in people temporarily, of course, mr. oleksandr, thank you very much for analysis and narration, oleksandr gladun, deputy the director of scientific work of the institute of demography of our national academy of sciences was with us, as the history of the leader who received extremely important appointments shows. especially in times of war, it is very difficult to return them, says american journalist simon shuster, author of a book about our president volodymyr zelenskyi, this book is called a showman inside the invasion that shook the world and made volodymyr zelenskyi a leader. so, this is what simon schuster told our colleagues

from franz-24. what else did the author talk about? scandalous book, we are watching right now, and roman and i will say goodbye to you until tomorrow, take care and stay with espresso. on the air of the perspektiva program, approaching the second anniversary of the beginning of the full-scale russian invasion of ukraine, today i have the honor to talk on the air with a person who probably understands more deeply than others what happened and is happening in the ukrainian ruling elite, a person who knows about... opinion of president volodymyr zelensky, perhaps more than anyone else. simon shuster - russian an american of ukrainian origin. he is a senior correspondent for the times magazine and has spent the past few years tracking the situation in ukraine, with unprecedented access to zelenskyi and his team. his book

called showman is inside the invasion that shook the world and made volodymyr zelenskyi the leader. thank you very much for joining us today. first of all, tell us about the access you had to volodymyr. profile of his candidacy, at that time he was a comedian, actor, showman, and i had to visit backstage at one of his comedy shows, which was essentially his campaign rally. we got to know each other during the reporting and i stayed in touch with him and his team as they continued to run the country after he won the election, and when the invasion started i had the unique opportunity to meet him and say, look, we've got history going on around us . i would like to write a book about it, and he said, come on, i don't have one. i

think that's where his superpower is in the skills he's honed over 20 years like an actor, tv producer, director, screenwriter , who allowed him to attract and hold the world's attention in a way that, in my opinion, few other leaders, let alone anyone, could do in this situation, and the nature of this war really required ukraine to hold the west and world democrats. this is something that zelenskyy does well. but is this enough? we 've seen cracks starting to appear in europe and the united states, for example, about funding, whether it's going to be enough for him to continue this thing, as you think. from the very beginning of the invasion, he understood the importance of keeping the world's attention. he recognized that over time this attention could dissipate, and he felt it was his mission to try to draw attention to the ... picture of the war that he wanted the whole world to see, and thereby ensure support for ukraine. but he

understands that time is running out, and other crises may arise over time, such as the war in israel, for example. he did not foresee this, but he thought that some other crisis would divert the world's attention from the ukrainian issue. and it really is happening now he faces challenges every day, trying to find new ways to get attention as other crises compete for the world's attention, and this is in the lineup. there is a strong concern not only for the president himself, but also for the ukrainian people, right? yes, it is a fact, and we are approaching our second anniversary, as you rightly point out. now people are showing more and more fatigue, which is becoming evident on the streets of kyiv, it is palpable from conversations. at the beginning , president zelenskyi and many of his close advisers promised that there would be a victory, and this one the war will not last that long. actually, when we first talked to him about it, i said we'd... the book is coming out in about a year. he said, do you think the war will still

be going on a year from now, we are approaching two years now, the death toll continues to rise, as does the worldwide disillusionment, fatigue and desire for the war to end. we were referring to what happened two years ago, when we were in a situation where russia was building up troops on the border, and a lot of people were saying that they weren't really going to attack ukraine. what do you think was going on in zelenskyi's head and in the corridors of power in kyiv at that time? the book takes a very close look at the moment that led to the decisions that zelensky made, in essence, to tell everyone to keep calm, that there would be no large-scale coup, and that's what he was telling ukrainians. the reason was that, as he describes, he encountered different intelligence. the americans presented a very extreme picture of the invasion, which was essentially russia planning to take over a larger one. country, if not all, while european special services, european leaders, told him that

the americans might be exaggerating somewhat, so he decided to believe the latter. and when it did happen, was there panic? yes, sure, i mean if you're faced with a full-scale attack by a nuclear superpower trying to kill the country's leaders, take them hostage and seize power, you can't help but panic. there was panic in the streets. do you think it was just a fluke that the first days of the invasion were a fiasco? i have mean that at the beginning everything was very unfavorable for the russian side. the book takes you behind the scenes of the preparation that went on at that time. the military in ukraine was preparing, and i also spoke with the military commanders who were responsible for that effort. so it's not about randomness and non-provision. the americans told the general in one phone conversation described in the book, "you're very lucky not to have been captured in the first days of a full-scale invasion," to which he replied that it was not just luck, but also

planning and preparation strategy. yours works in the past turned out to be controversial. last year, you published an article in time in which you argued that zelensky felt his allies had failed him by not supporting ukraine's struggle. it's true. that's what i heard from his close advisers. i spoke with all of them in kyiv. with many i met during the entire time of the invasion and the mood definitely changed, because the context of the war also changed. one of the advisers said that we are not winning, as president zelensky continued. was zelenskyi satisfied with your article,

did you talk to him about her? not really, because it kind of… contradicts the message he's trying to convey, but he understands that i don't work for him, i'm an independent journalist, and his team respects that too. my conversations with him are ongoing, i spoke with him this week, so the article didn't cause a long rift. you also talked about the psychological state of volodymyr zelenskyi, isn't he perhaps becoming a little too dependent on the authorities? this is something that ukrainians and... the world should pay attention to, as history shows it is very difficult for a leader given extraordinary powers, especially during wartime, to take them back, there are historical precedents on both sides, but overall this is something to be concerned about. under martial law for the past two years , president zelenskyi has had extraordinary powers that essentially allow him to rule by decree and order.

under martial law, he has almost complete control over the mass media in... this is what will determine what kind of ukraine we will have after the war, whether it will continue to be a democratic country, that is what really matters. and about the end of the war. as we said, no one expected it to last this long. are you still convinced that ukraine can go through this and win? i think so. a lot of pessimism, unfortunately, overshadows where it all started. russia started a war with the aim of capturing the entire country and its territory. they clearly failed, ukraine held out, and therefore russia failed in its original objectives, but i also think that ukraine's ability to survive this war, even in conditions of decreasing support for the event, is largely underestimated. they work through contingencies, develop different strategies to continue to fight and push back the russians. the main

one has to do with increasing their own domestic weapons production, and they're doing great, especially when it comes to... drone, we see them attacking russian territories, last year they even reached the kremlin, so the ukrainians are moving forward with weapons of its own production, and the idea that the west can to turn the switch and force ukraine to negotiate or capitulate is simply naive. ukrainians can and will continue to fight as long as they believe it is worth it. nice to see you on the program today, thank you very much, this was simon schuster, russian. an american of ukrainian origin, a senior correspondent for the magazine, they talked about his book showman, inside the invasion that shook the world and made volodymyr zelensky the leader. thank you again.

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style boots with a discount of only uah 699. call! when the great invasion began, he was probably one of the first to break through to our underground. it was denis. denys was among those brave people who met this challenge with open eyes. in the end, tragedy struck. frankly i say a tragedy. he started life young, working for the state. running, flying forward to our victory,

verdict with serhii rudenko, from now on in the new two-hour format, even more analytics, even more important topics, even more top guests. foreign experts, inclusion from abroad, about ukraine, the world, the front, society, and also feedback, you can express your opinion at any time of the day with the help of a telephone survey, turn on and be included, the verdict with serhiy rudenko, every weekday from 20 until 10 pm for espresso. the first page of the great war. 242. 242 days of hell,

the defense of the donetsk airport, we remember those who persevered, friends, my congratulations, today we will... talk about very pleasant things, about which films our ukrainians will take part in very prestigious events, because 20 days in mariupol got two nominations for the bafta award, this is one one of the most famous, most prestigious awards in the world, and it is presented by the british, and also at the berlinale there will be three of our films, even four, if we take into account the american film of ukrainian origin. also, let's talk about different fights at eurovision, because the national selection is on we do not have eurovision without scandals, but let's start with a scandal, well, as a culture,

there are no scandals either, you and i had a rather interesting scandal with an interesting development in dnipro, the fact is that there the director of the local opera beat an actor of the chernihiv theater . the chernihiv theater came on tour, they are currently traveling, if the other day they... were at all in slavutych, and here they came, stood under the opera house, began to unload their various props there, they wrote about it on facebook, and not here were able to drive into the yard by bus, that's it we see the actor, and mykola lemeshka , lemeshko, just as he was beaten, the bus could not drive into the yard, it was standing in front of the yard, and then the director of the opera, kostyantyn pinchuk, arrived in a car, he began to be indignant, why the bus was not behind... mykola explained to him , that we cannot drive in because of the dimensions, and somehow during, as i understand it, quarrels, discussions, mr. kostyantyn hit mr. mykola, and as you can see, he

even has a bruise, further, since the theatergoers asked for support from the media, we all started calling mykola, mykola was consulting with lawyers, and konstantin pinchuk, he did not answer me personally, they kept telling me to call back. call, in the end, they didn’t pick up the phone and then they turned off the phone altogether, but then mykola wrote to me already in the evening that kostyantyn pinchuk had written to him through friends, some such scheme, through friends, or somehow informed me that he was apologizing, and that was it the incident has been exhausted, but the question is that colleagues from ukrainian pravda-kultur still managed to call... pinchuk, and he said that this was all slander, there was no such thing, and he is now preparing a lawsuit with lawyers against both the actor and of the chernihiv theater, for

that's it, that is, he told his colleagues that it was all untrue, within a few hours he admitted his guilt through his friends and asked mykola for forgiveness, that is , the director of the dnipro opera lied to the journalists of the ukrainian pravda culture, and i think that this is a very revealing case, by the way , he still does not pick up the phone, kostyantyn pinchuk, by the way, he is an expert of the once-respectable ukrainian cultural fund. now not very respectable, but i think that this may change with the composition of the new supervisory board, the elections are going on now, and i would also like to say that there are a lot of questions about mr. kostiantyn, about his position, how he got to this position in the first place, well, that is the topic of another broadcast, i think we will also do it, because the personality of mr. kostiantyn is quite interesting, well, now let's move on to another question, actually

to... baftita: 20 days in mariupol, well, we 've been hearing about this film constantly for the past six months, so it's true, mstislav chernov's film about mariupol, mstislav chernov and his colleague yevgeny maloletka, they are fairly well-known photojournalists, they left immediately after the full-scale invasion of mariupol, they spent 20 days there, filmed there, and in the end, a film was released, a film that was loved by many viewers already. festivals, it was shown for the first time at sandinka, there he received a lot of positive feedback from the audience, he already received a prize from the audience, according to the audience's sympathy, the audience's encouragement from the audience, and then for more than a year, he has such a triumphant procession through various events, and this film participates in the oscar race, and now we see that in nominations, he got to the bafta in two categories, the category of the best

documentary. well, and also the best film in a foreign language, i will remind you once again, friends, that this film by mstislav chernov has become so popular in the world, so much so, well, if you look at various aggregators, it is almost everywhere 100%, that is, it is not the highest scores, that is, almost everyone liked it, and i think that, in particular, because this film is very honest, and sstislav chernov himself said more than once in an interview that this is not counter-propaganda, it is not a fight against propaganda, this is russia... nothing at all, this is not a response to russia , he believes that our art should not be counter-propaganda, and in response to russian art, we should do something of our own, and indeed this film is very honest, it is absolutely non-manipulative, so the audience, smart audiences who normally go to film festivals, they don't feel cheated or manipulated there, and i think that's a very big plus for this film,

bafta, i'll remind you... friends, it's a film, well , let me tell you first you about what is happening in bavta in general, yes, what, what competitors in the 20th week of mariupol, because you know, we often talk about the fact that our film got to some festival there, but we don't talk about competitors, but now i want to tell you about competitors so that you understand how cool the company is our film 20 days in mariupol got in, i think... that we can now show another video, and the documentary nominees that are together with the film 20 days in mariupol, for example, there is such an american symphony, it is a wonderful film from my point of view, she - tells about the musician john baptiste, who writes symphony