he earns it once in his life and for the rest of his life for the pomeranian, although his own ethos code appeared, father zelinsky put a lot of effort into this, he was the chaplain of the 36th brigade, a very intelligent person who knows history, he was at the origin of the creation of this code , we also have a motto, faithful always, faithful to the oath, faithful to the motherland. and the second girls - to lead, to fight, to win, to lead people, that is, to show everything by a personal example, and there is no victory without a struggle, so in order to get something, you need to do well to work, that's the slogan we live by, to be a marine is to preserve the memory of the marines of the ukrainian people's republic, even when the bolsheviks named the streets after their killers, to survive complete encirclement, the heaviest assaults, torture in captivity. rehabilitation and find the strength

to return to the army. it is to protect the memory of those who fought 100 years ago and are fighting today. being a marine means staying loyal to your country, your values, always. thank you for fighting for this. thank you for your support.

they will go here, the roads are buzzing, let them go ahead be a little girl from ukraine.

there are 15% discounts on tosmai in the pharmacies of plantain bam and ochad. exclusively on the air of our channel. congratulations, friends, politklub is on the air on the espresso tv channel. the most relevant topics of the week. russia's war against ukraine. the war in the middle east, the crisis on the border between ukraine and poland, topics that resonate in our society. drone attack on kyiv and other cities of ukraine, drone attacks on moscow and other russian cities. analysis of the processes that change the country and each of us. the country has to get the right start negotiations on accession to the eu. vitaly bortnikov and guests of the project: we are bored.

because there is nothing to fight about, let's make up, help understand the present and predict the future, for the world a second trump presidency will be terrible. a project for those who care and think. politclub every sunday at 20:10 at espresso. greetings, this is svoboda live on radio svoboda. we have already approached the serpent himself. the following shots may shock you. news from the scene. live kamikaze drone attacks. political analytics, objectively and meaningfully. there is none no political season. exclusive interviews, reports from the hottest points of the front. shot! freedom life - frankly and impartially. draw your own conclusions. verdict with serhiy rudenko, from now on in a new two-hour format. even more analytics, even more important topics, even more top

guests. foreign experts, inclusion from abroad. about ukraine, the world, the front, society, and feedback. you can express your opinion on the evil of the day ... with a phone survey, turn on and turn on, the verdict with serhiy in the morning, every weekday from 20 to 22 for espresso. kanal espresso and ukrainian pen present a project of their own name with myroslava barchuk. a series of conversations with ukrainian and western intellectuals who analyze and comment on the most relevant social debates. what news will be analyzed by the guests of the project this week, and actually, who will be the guest of the studio? we will find out already this sunday, clearly, the topics will be relevant, the guests - special, proper names with myroslava barchuk, sunday 17:10 at espresso.

welcome to the espresso channel. today in the focus of our program war and weapons are two

interrelated topics that some consider a challenge to our security, while others consider them new opportunities for the country's defense capability. so, the first topic is development and use. in ukraine, the potential of private military and defense consulting companies as one of the tools for strengthening the country's defense forces. in ukraine, by the way, several draft laws on private military companies were prepared, but work on them was never completed, so on what experiences and practices should ukraine consider right now in the conditions of war, what pros and cons there might be. and the second topic for discussion is the expansion of citizens' rights to own firearms. it seemed that after the 22nd year, the need for an adequate law on weapons, an increase in the percentage of gun owners in the state - these are things that were clearly understood and society demanded

such a certain liberal law on weapons. let me remind you that in the first reading , the bill on the right to civilian firearms in ukraine was adopted a day before its commencement. but the phase of the war on 23 december 2022, but now the second reading of this draft law is being prepared in the parliament, and a significant number of amendments to this document have appeared, and in fact , these amendments can be regarded rather as a step towards undermining the defense capability of our state, about it as well we will talk in our program. my name is serhiy zgurets, i am the director of the defense express company, which is now jointly with the espresso channel. strives to highlight the most relevant events and topics of the life of our army and defense industry of the complex andriy kepkalo, the founder and head of omega consulting group, joins us now. mr. andrii, i congratulate you, i am glad to see and hear you. greetings, mr. serhiy,

thank you for the invitation. well, before the broadcast, we had this kind of discussion, not to repeat ourselves, about topics that we were supposedly... talking about, but i looked and actually we talk very little about private military companies now, and here you are a person who has considerable experience in establishing such companies, and there are certain which. the number of people who believe that this step and this direction of movement in the state towards private companies is dangerous and irrational. unfortunately, we have not yet been able to find an opponent to your position today, so i will try to master some things that concern private companies myself. but first of all, taking into account your experience, i would like you to tell us, relatively speaking, what this is private. company in some standard sense, if there is any standard understanding of pmcs or

consulting companies, because the word consulting is in the name of your company, i think and appeared for a reason. yes, well then, let's start from the beginning. unfortunately, we have, er, private military companies, they are always associated with mercenaries. it. it is very bad, i do not support such an opinion, but if we are already talking about mercenaries, then i want to tell you that mercenaries exist as long as there is war, for example, about mercenary armies, it is even written in the bible, and there are many examples, when mercenaries were once used by someone, i even read machiavelli, machiavelli against the... use of mercenaries, but i have a different opinion on this matter, and there

is the subject of both mercenaries and private military companies, it unfolded for a very long time somewhere, somewhere until the beginning of the 2000s, and here in the 2000s the industry of private military companies, it grew up and became more regulated , why, because... the united states of america, they started, they started hostilities, both in afghanistan and in iraq, and i was directly involved in those activities, and i just want to remind you how since the beginning of the 2000s, it has been developing, we will not talk there about the 90s, about the 80s, 70s and so on, as this topic... it has grown up in general, the united states of america, they made a decision to enter the

territory of iraq. and i remember at the time, the secretary of defense, if i'm not mistaken, was donald rumsfeld, and he, he went on television, and he said, let's put it this way, he, i think, he was trying to reassure the people of the united states of america, and he said. things like that, the war in iraq, it's going to last, maybe 5 days, maybe five weeks, maybe 5 months, but it will not last 5 years, and it turned out that they, the americans , counted on one thing, another turned out, and when the other turned out, they realized that it would be a war for years, and then the question arose that we this is what we will do, and american politicians, they... decided to talk, think together, and what to do about it, and there were three options,

again, this is not speculation based on some facts, i directly participated in this, and there were three options : the first option is to collect your things and leave, leave iraq, it was not immediately, well, they did not they accepted, the second option was to declare mobilization, and then it was, well... suicides are not suitable either, and so they chose the third option: to create private military companies and use private military companies, as in the territory of iraq, so and on the territory of afghanistan. that is, what we are getting at here in this short excursion into history is that the united states of america is the country that uses private military companies the most. the second country is probably the arab emirates. for them, a private military company. it was a support in critical situations unfortunately, in our country we look at private military companies as

a kind of caricature. do you understand? private military companies are in demand. all today use private military companies. governments use private military companies. transnational corporations, such as axonmobil, shell, total, they all use, use the services of private military companies. non- governmental organizations. well, which, for example, save the children or cartas, they use services of private military companies, a little bit of other services, even some logistic or some other services, but these are private. military companies, the security of the vatican, who is involved today, the swiss, well, how did the swiss get into the vatican, you can say mercenaries, and i don't want to use this example because it's very bad, i don't want to use it, but i have to, even terrorists have their own private military companies, i can call malgam takactical,

it's based in afghanistan if i'm not mistaken, but... it works for terrorist organizations, that is, the whole world uses the services of private military companies, and here for some reason it's always taboo, and i don't understand why. and when we talk about a private military company, what signs or symptoms are, well, the basic things that can really be said that this structure or this group of people is a private military company or a consulting company or a defense consulting company, which are... unmasking signs of a private company? it a company, it's very simple, it's a limited liability company that provides services of a military nature. well, for example , we are engaged in the training of the armed forces

. papers, we trained saboteurs and so on, that is, such activity, it has signs of military activity, well , for you, for example, signs of the pkv, fine, and if the company is engaged in medicine, the training of medics there, is engaged in the security of airports, is engaged in gathering intelligence in the interests of the security forces, are these also private military companies? no, but the last thing, when you said intelligence gathering , it can already be considered as a private military company, and by the way, there is a very big demand in the market right now for private, let's call it private intelligence agencies, intelligence companies, if you want some example, then let me

give you this example bellingcad, well that's it a private company, well, it's a journalistic thing to say. well, then it means that the boundaries of private companies are still quite blurred, it is difficult to define here, why i ask this , because, linguistically speaking, we had this 20th year, president zelenskyi says that we really need to define private companies , two draft laws are being developed, they are hanging somewhere, zelensky says that it is necessary... to make sure that they do not become the basis of certain oligarchic forces and so on, where does this threat or warning to private companies appears, if it does not correspond to the essence of the pmcs themselves, given what you said earlier. this is a very, very appropriate question that you have now asked,

you know, in civilized countries, i don't want to. to offend no one, but in civilized countries even such an idea does not arise that a private military company can be subordinated to some oligarch there, and work in the interests of some private individuals there and, god forbid, try to remove the government there or something else, well, on such a large private a military company in the united states in the states, this is black water, which does not exist today, and i know its head, rick prince. well, believe me, he does not even think of such an option that one day he can turn his private military company, black water or some other, against the government and go there, well, i don't know how to eliminate the government there , who is currently joe biden and change him to trump, for example, well, such a very simple example, you understand,

that is, the events that we have. happened in ukraine before, for example, if i am not mistaken, this was an incident in which i received the participation of mr. kolomoisky, when there were certain actions with ukrtransnafta, well, there were some people in black, armed, unarmed, they entered the territory of the enterprise and so on , listen, frankly speaking, it is not my problem that our power structures allow , that there were some illegal armed formations in ukraine, and they could go to some enterprises, either to close them or to open them and so on and the like, you understand, that is, a private military company, it, it is registered somewhere. that is, it is a legal entity, it can no longer be considered as an illegal group, because there is registration, of course , if there is a group, a group of people who have weapons

available and some means of personal protection, and there are a lot of them, then it falls under the category, if i am not mistaken article 260 of the criminal code of ukraine, illegal armed or armed. formation, but a private company, it, it is registered somewhere, you understand, this is the first, second, uh , mentality, mentality, we looked, uh, what events were taking place in the russian federation, when the wagner pmc went on the offensive, conditionally saying, moscow, uh, i don't want to offend anyone, but people who haven't done anything wrong, they 're not afraid of anything, you know, that is... to be afraid that some pmcs will try to remove the government there, look at the events of 2014,

ah, people, people didn't like what was happening in the country, people stood up , they used force, that's when we lost this monopoly on force, the state lost its monopoly on force, uh, people rose up and they removed the government, that is, yanukovych escaped from ukraine and we, er... we reached this, how to say, in ukrainian, i don't remember, with the help of the population, and not with the help of the pmk, that is, i do not remember any cases in ukraine where the pmk, private military companies were involved in some illegal activities, that is, these fears that we have are completely unfounded, the pmk - it's a tool of the state, not a tool against the state, but people... for some reason they don't want to hear it, or they just don't hear it, you know? that is, as i understand it, the current attitude towards the pvc is rather a consequence of the fact that we are held hostage by our old mythologists, and because of

this, relatively speaking, we do not want to see that the potential, which is now hidden behind the pvc, as a union of structured citizens, which can provide, well, the improvement of training or the creation of high-quality units of the armed forces or separate units of other forces there. structures, but then there is the question of regulation , the law on private companies, britain , the united states, there are no such laws, although these companies are represented all over the world, in our country, then what path should be taken in this flirting with laws? and create transparent mechanisms for registration and control of such structures. well, it's like one of the options, well, let's say this, a license, licensing, yes, you can get it, but you understand, we have licenses

for, for example, the transfer of knowledge, and if we talk about the transfer of knowledge, that is, we are limited only to training , that is, if a private military company, for example , conventionally speaking, goes to... a business trip to the congo, in order to train the armed forces of the democratic republic of the congo there, it needs a license to transfer knowledge, but we here we restrict the pmc because we, we limit the activities of the pmc, because we are talking exclusively about the activities of the pmc outside ukraine. if we return to the law of ukraine on pmcs, then the law of ukraine already answers the question. this is a law of ukraine that can only be applied on the territory of ukraine. the law of ukraine will not apply on the territory of mozambique, or on the territory of mali or burkina faso. that is,

that in ukraine we regulate with such a law. unfortunately, when there was a debate on this matter, the author of this bill, ms. vasylevska smagliuk, she created a working group, but, well , i don't know how many times this working group met, but... i was invited to one meeting, i spoke there, and i was no longer invited to these meetings of the working group, because i was categorically against many points of this law, for example, i do not see why our ukrainian pmc should create warehouses with ammunition, with weapons, with armored vehicles and so on, what are we going to do with it, that is, this law in this format , in which it was written, it is completely counterproductive, but he will never pass a law in the verkhovna rada that says that a ukrainian private military company has a training ground, and what should i do now

? automatic weapons, weapons, ammunition and so on, to put up security , the question arises, why do you need all this on the territory of ukraine, and therefore i believe that the law, the draft law that was written, it was written incorrectly, i expressed my opinion, i am so... from this working group, and when we speak anyway about private military companies, what is the mechanism of financial existence for such , relatively speaking, enterprises, if we say that these companies perform tasks there outside of ukraine, then they really have contracts with potential foreign customers there, if they work in ukraine, according to that they have to pay money and who will

pay this money? yes, also a very interesting question, first of all, let's understand, if a ukrainian private military company concluded a contract with a foreign customer, then this is responsibility, payment for services, this the sole responsibility of the foreign customer, if a ukrainian private military company, for example, goes on a business trip, i call it a business trip, goes on a business trip, for example, to burkina faso, and it goes on a business trip in the interests of the state, then of course, first of all, such the business trip must be financed by the state, because we work in the interests of the state, after that there may be other financing options, but in

order for us to have a start abroad in the interests of the state, the state must pay for it. if we are talking now in terms war, a full-scale war with russia, the use of private military companies in ukraine, on the territory of ukraine. yes, i understand that this is a very unpopular opinion, but it should be funded by the state, you see, a private military company is not a beggar who should go around begging for money. do you want us to do some, some specific actions? well, i can't, i have people, i currently have people in ukraine whom i can use, and they want to work for us, but i personally do not have the resources to attract these specialists. the problem is that i have specialists, and these specialists are currently working on a contract with the armed forces of ukraine, but...

the specialists work as stormtroopers, that is, they go and storm the trenches, i believe that this is an inappropriate use of resources, in i have another proposal, i have already expressed this proposal, some people have heard me, but there are no sanctions, you understand, there are no sanctions so that i can take these people and use them somewhere in some other way, i have neither money nor financing. i have no authority to do so in order for me to be able to take these people and use them somewhere for their intended purpose, this is the problem, i want to tell you that this is not the first case, because i watched, i saw how we use, this is not a criticism, maybe some experts or experienced people will say that andrii, you are wrong and so on, but this is my personal opinion, i saw how we use, use ssso operators

for assault. the same trenches, and now i have a question, if the ssso operator from our side also dies in a frontal attack, and banal mobilized from the side of the russian federation, how much time and money do we need , time is very important to prepare another sso operator who accidentally died in frontal contact with a mobilized from the russian federation. and how much time and money is needed to restore this mobilized from the side of the russian federation at the front in ukraine, you understand, we need to prepare an ssso operator for at least six months, and the russians will replace this mobilized tomorrow, what am i talking about, we use our resources sometimes, sometimes , i i am not criticizing, again, this is a statement of fact.