in 15 minutes, nikita poturaev, rostislav pavlenko and andriy osadchuk will be on the air, stay with espresso. blockade of traffic and grain on the road on the ukrainian-polish border, farmers' protests again? can the food crisis affect relations between countries? we analyze it in today's issue of bbc ukraine. i am olga polamaryuk. polish farmers are threatening to completely block all border crossings with ukraine, they are against, as they say, the uncontrolled influx of goods, primarily ukrainian grain. who and what behind the protests and how the ukrainian authorities act. protest actions on the polish-ukrainian border. since last spring. farmers

blocked the passage of ukrainian trucks, demanded the return of trade restrictions and customs duties for ukrainian goods and products. they even tried to disrupt president zelenskyi's visit to poland in april last year. concessions were made to the farmers, but they again and again protested. the situation worsened in november, due to the war and russia's blockade of ports. ukraine is forced to deliver goods to the eu by land. west the border has become a real road of life. for the entire ukrainian economy, and polish carriers staged a two-month blockade, and in january of this year, the polish government still managed to negotiate with the truckers and unblock the border. well, the peace did not last long, last friday the farmers announced a nationwide strike and blocked certain sections of the common border. what do they want? well, first of all, they are against the implementation of the "green deel". this is the new environmental policy of the eu, against the import of agricultural products. products

from ukraine, and still require support animal husbandry who is behind the blockade, officially, are polish farmers, but the inspiration of the action is this man, rafal mekler. he is the owner of a logistics company and the leader of the lublin branch of the confederation party. it was he who posted this photo on his social networks, you can see it now. ukrainian grain is scattered on the road, trucks are returning to ukraine. that's how he signed this picture. a photo with ukrainian grain in the middle of the road immediately went viral on social networks. ukraine is outraged by the act of the poles, the grain, as they say, was generally going transit to lithuania. the polish prosecutor's office has started an investigation into the incident, the minister of agriculture of poland has apologized for the incident. this is the position of the authorities, but what do the farmers themselves want? let's listen. in fact , we support ukraine in other matters.

blocking border checkpoints that the level of solidarity with ukraine in polish society has decreased. we

asked the director of eastern european programs of the polish institute of international relations, daniel sheligowski, the question before the broadcast. on the one hand , i certainly understand that it is very fast ukraine is outraged, is associated with the holodomor, and so on. on the other hand, if you look at poland's membership in the european union in general, and throwing grain on roads, railways, etc., this is a pro-union tradition. i would say that polish farmers, they learned this from their colleagues in france and germany, who have been behaving like this for decades, that is, it is as if from the other side, it is not associated at all in poland, but with what is associated in ukraine, here here tonight not compatibility, but from the second side, and i would say that to a certain extent the agricultural competition from ukraine affects the ae... the situation of the important sector in

poland, and why? and because i am once again referring to this green agreement, that is, what if polish farmers are obliged to use this drug. how is it according to the new rules of the european union, but ukrainian manufacturers are not obliged to do this, unfair competition does not appear, that's how unfair competition from an economic point of view does not mean that someone cheated someone, it is not, however, unfair competition, it's when we're not playing together according to the same rules, this is unfair competition, and we have exactly this kind of unfair competition, and that's why i think that it is... related to ukraine and related to agricultural products in ukraine, it is not such a big problem that it could not be solved, and i am sure that it can be solved, it will be possible to solve it, only in the triangle, that is, here it is necessary, it is necessary to agree in the triangle, poland, ukraine,

plus the european commission. well, the border crisis is gaining momentum, and as of today, polish farmers blocked five checkpoints. on february 20, a complete blockade of ukrainian transportation was announced. the entire ukrainian economy suffers from this situation, and losses due to product delays are measured in millions of hryvnias. is ukrainian grain really a threat to poland? bbc economic correspondent anastasia zanuda explains. when poland joined the european union, it was the negotiations on the agricultural sector that were the most difficult, the longest, and were accompanied by protests. farmers, by the way, over the years membership in the eu, poland took full advantage of this, becoming one of the main producers of agricultural products in the european union. by the way, 70% of polish agricultural exports also go to

the european union, and this is also very important when we consider the case with ukraine. on the other hand, poland also became one of the main ... recipients of agricultural subsidies, it was estimated that during this time, while poland was a member of the european union, it received approximately 74 billion euros only for agriculture, and at this moment , when the war in ukraine begins, ukraine receives from the european union the right to be present on the market, in fact as a member, without duties, without permits, without any... restrictions, in the first year of the war, when prices for agricultural products in the world markets are high, there seems to be enough space for everyone, and there are no problems, we have not seen any protests, blockades, or anything else. as soon as prices for

agricultural products on the world markets began to fall, and this was approximately at the end of the 22nd year, in poland with the beginning. third year the first farmers' protests begin, and in may this resulted in a ban on the import of some ukrainian agricultural products, primarily grain. so , we heard the opinion of experts, we heard arguments, arguments of polish farmers, how does the border blockade affect those who grow grain, agrarian pavlo davidyuk joins our broadcast, welcome to the broadcast, we heard that one of the arguments... farmers, it was the case that ukrainian products do not meet european quality standards, that they should be checked better, i wonder what the way is does the grain pass before it is delivered to the european market? well, let's talk, we

were exporting, stockpiling products, the war stopped us, there was no action, we started looking for sales channels that were good for us, it was poland, germany, italy. in order to export, accordingly, we made product certificates, technological maps, maps were provided and showed that we do not use prohibited active substances during cultivation, well, this is how we made our way, for us farmers the situation is very difficult, but we look at this this strike and we understand that it did not start in poland, it started in other european countries that wanted to get preferences for themselves. and cancel this, let's say, green agreement , which i want to implement by 2050, and when the strikes started, the strikes were more due to the fact that there was an election campaign in poland, that the first strikes closed the border for us, in fact, ukrainian

products are of high quality and well, you can't say that even those questions are taught in social classes, it 's often... not true. yes, unfortunately, mr. pavle, we can't hear you well, but still we caught the main thing. to what extent does the ukrainian agricultural sector currently depend on the european market? well, at the moment, thanks to the fact that the black sea has opened and our ships are able to send to other countries, as it happened before the start of hostilities. polish is so important, it is more interesting for us and it is cheaper, grain, our grain through black, so recently, thanks to the fact that... borders were closed, road transport was idle for a long time, our farmers focused more on

sending grain through the grain corridor, which allows us to export a lot of our grain. thank you for the conversation, pavlo davidyuk was on our air, thank you. but if you look at the context of the problem, what factors caused this crisis and whether the situation concerns only. this is how my colleague explains it, this year to the problems of purely agriculture, to the fact that the european commission is imposing new green environmental requirements on farmers that increase the cost of production, and migration problems have been added, for example, to those, they also need to money, and these are migrants not only from only refugees from ukraine, yes. the problem of security has been added, the europeans understand better and better that the costs of security

must be increased and increased radically, and here are all these factors, they converged in one place, at the same time, which is unfavorable for ukraine, and in principle it is obvious that it is worth being ready , that if nothing changes in the politics of ukraine itself, then we can see not only scattered grain, but also scattered sugar, it is very telling that when... the european commission at the end of january of this year decided to continue trade preferences for ukraine, that is, those that give us the opportunity to export our products as if ukraine were already a member of the eu. such a condition was very interesting, the possibility of returning to customs duties and restrictions, the so-called emergency braking mechanism, if the import of certain products from ukraine exceeds. certain indicators, and again it is not about grain, but about chicken, eggs and sugar,

that is, obviously, ukraine should already learn to play, well, if not on the globe, but at least within the framework of the european union, within the framework of those rules , which already exist there before our appearance, before the war and so on, otherwise, this process... the process of blockades, rejection, restrictions, prohibitions, it will last forever and in principle will not bring anything good. yes , this was the analysis of my colleague, bbc correspondent anastasia zanuda, and you will find the full article as usual on our website bbc.ua, and by the way, i remind you to subscribe to our pages on social networks so as not to miss the most important news, we are on facebook , in instagram, in tiktok. you can watch our episodes on youtube if you missed them on the air, please comment, we

read everything and like randomly, well, that 's all for today, more stories on our website bbc.ua, also on our social media pages, we are on the air again, tomorrow at 9 p.m. , all the best and take care. greetings, friends, live on the espresso tv channel, the second part of the verdict program, my name is serhiy. today in the issue. a big reboot. after being transferred to

the command of the armed forces, zelensky is expected to undergo further personnel changes in the government. who may be subject to resignation? a quiet release. generals left their positions due to announcements in the assembly. problems of information support of the change of military leadership. more help from europe. against the background of the delay in american funding. zelensky is going to european friends, what to expect from the munich conference? friends, in addition to the television broadcast, we are also working on our sites on youtube. and on facebook for those who are currently watching us live there, please please like this video and also vote in our poll, today we ask you about so, do you expect further personnel rotations in power from zelensky, yes, no, everything is quite simple on youtube, if you watch us on tv, pick up your smartphone or phone and vote, if you expect new

personnel rotations in power, 0800- 211-381, no 0800 211. 382, ​​all calls to these numbers are free, vote, at the end of the program we will sum up the results of this vote, i want to introduce the guests of today's program, this is mykyta poturaev, people's deputy of ukraine from the servant of the people, chairman committee of the verkhovna rada on humanitarian and information policy issues. mr. nikita, i congratulate you, thank you for being with us today. vrostislav pavlenko, people's deputy of ukraine from european solidarity, member of the committee. council on education, science and innovation, mr. rostyslav, i congratulate you, thank you for joining the broadcast. good evening, and andriy osadchuk, people's deputy of ukraine from voice, first deputy chairman of the verkhovna rada committee on law enforcement. mr. andrii, i congratulate you, thank you for being with us. good evening, sergey. let's start our conversation with the blitz poll, as we

ask our viewers whether they expect further personnel... rotations in power announced by zelensky, not only of the military leadership, but also of the political leadership in general, perhaps most of our viewers do not understand, about what kind of staff rotations we are talking about, i don't know what kind of staff rotations there will be, but still, well, let's start with mr. poturaev, mr. nikita, obviously you know for sure whether we should expect further staff rotations in the authorities, well... political ones, no , i don't know for sure, because our faction did not receive any proposals regarding the change of certain heads of central authorities, what i am waiting for, i am waiting, well, maybe the appointment of two ministers, who are now vacant positions , this is the minister of culture, information policy and the minister of

veterans' affairs, about this, well, i think we can safely wait, because there are no ministers, but here. the minister of culture has been gone for six months, mr. nikita, that's why i'm waiting, because i'm the head of the specialized committee, thank you, sir nikita, mr. andrii, you are waiting for some changes , well, drastic changes, so that it is clear, because in the military leadership, we will talk about this later, in three days, 16 commanders of the armed forces of ukraine, commanders and those who are in the highest leadership to the military leadership of the state, well, because rotation is possible in the military leadership by the individual decision of the president of ukraine, and no one actually disputes this possibility, and as for other, as you ask us, political rotations, i also do not quite understand what this should mean, but surely some positions in

the cabinet of ministers are meant, and you and your colleague poturaev just gave an excellent answer, i will clarify, because... i am monitoring this story, today is the 201st day that we do not have a minister of culture and information policy, until things, if it suddenly seems to someone that there are problems with information policy in the country, then we simply do not have a high-ranking public official who is responsible for it for 201 days, and i think everyone understands the reason and probably my colleagues will agree with me, well, not because which is difficult to find candidates, although i... it is difficult to find, but it is no less difficult to find votes for any candidacy in the verkhovna rada. therefore, to be honest, i look with great pessimism at possible full-fledged rotations of political figures, although, of course, i will not be surprised that some new vos will appear in the cabinet of ministers. thank you, mr. andriy, mr. rostyslav, you

are expecting some major personnel changes, yes, well, here you can. i understand, i would limit myself to the answer, if we have five or six managers who manage the state, then in principle all the others personnel rotations, they are not so important and so political, you know, i just wanted to say that the short answer is no, i don't expect it, and the reason is precisely that as long as five or six managers in the office of the president are unchanged, then any any reshuffles , any appointments, any vos, whether in the cabinet of ministers, whether at the level of regional military administrations there, then at the level of other central executive bodies, they will only be cosmetic, and the same will be the case in general, do people remember who we have a minister for one or other affairs, so until there are very fundamental changes in the office of... the president, until the approach of a government of national unity, or a government of national rescue, or what experts call it differently, until then, everyone these

conversations, they will be scholastic, and whether it's a vo or a certain minister doesn't really matter much. well, i understand, mr. nikita, that the servant of the people is not too determined to reformat the majority, in principle you are deyuri. and so are the majority de facto, you have a majority, this is together with the trust of opzzh, the revival, well, there are also various groups and factions that, in principle, give more than 226 votes, and therefore it is absolutely not illogical to ask whether there will be a government of people's trust, whether there will be a government of a different format , in principle, although, although it should probably be asked this question, because the same denys shmyhal. four years in the position of the prime minister of ukraine, and in fact, perhaps, perhaps it would be worthwhile for zelensky to change the prime minister of ukraine, or all, all the positions that exist, well,

almost all, they suit the servant of the people , and well, there is no point in changing people now, and if somewhere we see a big failure in the economic or financial policy of the government, then maybe such questions would be appropriate, i do not see them today, i believe that the economy... of ukraine and industry and finance, and the financial sector, they cope with the absolutely unprecedented challenges that our country faces, which are not faced by any other country in the civilized world, that's one time. two, as for our votes, then we can say that where we have a vote for laws gives 300 and 300 plus votes there, it means that we have a coalition with all factions and groups. this happens not so rarely, and thirdly, and thirdly, mr. sergey, well, you should not reproach us, because you see very well that the same republican

party in the united states, it consists of different parts, and this is the majority , but we see that this majority has very different views, and in general, so, well, the vote for us depends on these views of these different groups. generally critical, but it does not cease to be, as far as concerns the government of national unity, then the question here is this, so the government of national unity, well , in general, it usually assumes that it includes, well, representatives of all factions of groups, all of them, i want to emphasize, so we must not forget that we have fragments of pro-russian factions of groups, surely everyone wants them to be part of their representatives in the national government. will we have a government of national unity, but not complete unity, that is, some worthy people will enter, and some will not enter, well

, that's why we also have to deal with this very carefully, i believe that we have a normal cooperating with all factions, groups in the parliament, i believe that we find the necessary compromises, important for the adoption of laws on which the struggle and survival of the country depends. and i believe that we have a government that copes with the tasks before it quite well and professionally . frankly speaking, mr. mykyto , i am generally surprised that there are such fragments in the verkhovna rada of ukraine, former or even not former, they are not former, because they are elected from a party that is banned in ukraine, and this opzh party, and these deputies sit and decide the laws by which the country lives. during martial law, during the war, although these deputies, well , they definitely should not be under the dome of the verkhovna rada, as well as these 400 deputies of various levels

who were elected from the opzzh, and in any case , this issue must be resolved, otherwise it's simple, well, it looks kind of stupid, there has been a war in ukraine for two years, a big war, and the representatives of a party that is officially banned in ukraine. in principle, she is also in the verkhovna rada, and what's more, she is your faithful assistant when voting, well, that's us we see in all the votes, when opzh joins in, when the voice and european solidarity do not want to vote for the bill on mobilization in the first reading, in the version in which the government submitted, and opzh votes, well, that is, it is absolutely somehow not... to be honest, for me, for a person who has been watching ukrainian politics for a long time, i cannot understand how a faction, a whole faction can sit with medvedchuk's former associates and you...

tymoshenko, we should have learned a lesson about division by now criminal personal and and of collective political responsibility is one thing, well, it was possible to learn the truth , so, secondly, secondly, i really didn't want to touch on this, but since... this topic has already been discussed, then yes, i am also surprised, i am surprised that the law on which the survival of the country depends next month, a maximum of two, the law that will allow to solve the issue of really just the physical presence of people at the front, is supported, but in the composition, as you said, and not supported by those factions that had would be the first to support him, and because all his possibilities

to finish up to the second... the readings are and were and remain, but to be delayed by this law, well , i don’t even have an understanding, when i looked at the scoreboard, i couldn’t believe my eyes that it is possible from one side in one, in one and the same day in the ether to say that 30% of the personnel remains in the trenches, and on the same day not to press the button to simply sit down and finish the work later, i have to do this by law to... child of questions, i am his i also read it, and i am convinced that if i start pouring them into the etr now, rostislav and i will andriy, let's agree somewhere on the percentage of, well, i think 80, like 90 in our critical evaluations, but this was definitely not a reason not to vote in the first reading, well, dragging out, dragging out this issue, and when we are now discussing it in full seriousness , what...

why did the servant of the people vote together, even though the devil was bald, we had to vote together for this law, because we know that at stake is still winning in the eyes of those who protect us at the front, thanks to those , who are we going to in that hall anyway, come on, let's tell our tv viewers that the mobilization does not stop, it has been going on for the past two years and since february 24, 2022. there is simply no new law , but the mobilization is being carried out and is taking place , mr. andrii, perhaps let’s embarrass the enemy with details, and yourself, and yourself with fables, mr. andrii, what do you say that everything is going well, i ’d better pass the word on to my colleagues now, because i’m afraid that already insulted a colleague, and it is better for them to insult me ​​now, you did not offend anyone, you simply expressed your opinion, mr. andrii,

please. well, there is definitely no offense here, we are more or less adult and already somewhat experienced people, we have a good political vision and we understand well who is playing which games, if the president of ukraine, the supreme commander-in-chief wanted to restore order with the mobilization, he would have three more -four months ago, i would have convened the national security council, closed the doors, gathered all those who are well versed in this, and in accordance with... article 11 of the law on mobilization and mobilization training, which has been in force in ukraine since 1993, and provides the president with all without excluding the power to determine volume, order , postponements, exemption from mobilization, everything is written there, so if the president did not want to, if he wanted to seriously do it, he would do it, and the further i follow what is happening with the so-called

improvement process . mobilization , the more so it seems to me that it was initiated by the office, solely in order to create a basis for the rotation of the military leadership, in other words, for the dismissal of the meritorious, because it was the president who first announced the figure of 500 at his final press conference on december 19 of last year 00, i don't know who pulled his tongue, and he immediately questioned her, you remember that, and of course nikita can... create certain emotions, that it is necessary to blindly vote for everything that is extremely important, and that he is ashamed that we did not vote, the servants were not ashamed of the first bill that was submitted on december 25 , exactly with such a tone, one by one, we must save the country, let's vote, it ended with the fact that neither i nor any of my colleagues voted for it , because he was recalled, because everyone agreed that he was not at all suitable