with these plates, it is like our super skills, but there are a lot of people who do not have these super skills, and there should already be a normal coverage, and then the center of dovzhanka can be considered accessible, but now i would already say that it is not accessible, well let's see what's inside, the point of the ramp is that it has to be so gentle, there are certain degrees, and the longer, the higher the under... that you have to climb, the longer the ramp has to be, and it has to be so gentle , so that an independent person in a wheelchair who moves can get up, i.e any ramps have a large slope, and where a person cannot climb on his own, it is not a ramp, that is, it is not an element of architectural accessibility, it is the same barrier as if there were just steps. ivan, for example, was climbing

now with the help of a handrail, and this is often used by people, for example, who have a lesion on one side, and their left hand, for example, does not work well, and then they can use their right hand to help themselves up. these handrails, they are on the side, and usually there are, for example, only on one side, and it will be difficult for people with visual impairments to move here, because there are no tactile tiles, no visible movement signs. and obstructed by stairs, opening the door can also become a difficult task. if we are talking, for example, about ivan and me, then we can now open this door and enter without hindrance. if we talk about a person in whom, in whom the upper limbs would also be affected, then she would not be able to do it accordingly. and so, of course, a good door is a door that can slide open, if only automatically. we understand yes, it is not possible to achieve this everywhere. here, and... this door should at least open

with a light effort, and so that the handle can be caught easily with the brush of the hand, even if your fingers don't work, well, we can check that now, well, you see, i just put my hand and, for example , if my fingers didn't even work, i can pull the door and open it, even in this way to use the elevator in the dovzhenko center for people in wheelchairs... wheelchairs, first you need to get a key from the employees of the institution, here they admitted that visitors in chairs they still have wheels there were no difficulties with access to the dressing room for karina, but she says that it may not be so easy for everyone, okay, i go inside, i can, i can, i can turn on and off the light myself, that’s it, good , that, it's good that the mirror is lowered.

that's good, because usually they are somewhere under the ceiling, well , here, in principle, you can use it to wash your hands, it is not inclusive, this would be a washbasin, but it's like that, you know, it 's okay, there are no handrails, as you can see, there should be a handrail, it must be hinged, it must be at a distance of 70 cm from the center of the toilet, as far as i know, but it is almost impossible to get to the shelter, there are no signs of a bomb shelter either, such an institution is not friendly to all categories of people, according to karina. but lviv transport has become more accessible for all categories of the population. the worst is with trams, because there are only 20% of them. if our heroes managed to get into the tram, getting out of it became a problem, because the call button did not work. i had to ask the tram driver to lower the ramp manually. and people like that. won't come out, won't

miss often, you just have to, well, we if we try to simply calculate every step in advance and know when to return, when to go, where to wait, well, you just adapt one way or another, you need to create all the conditions so that people can realize themselves, work, pay taxes, and not sit and sit conditionally on if, well, only there on pensions, for example. or something so right in all that is happening, and let them rustle, and then they will get used to it, ramps are not installed everywhere, but where they are, they are completely inaccessible for use. karina says that the state should not place randomly ramps and consult only with experts on reduced mobility, because the same ramps must be comfortable for different types of wheelchairs, with the appropriate slope

and material, the same situation with stairs made of tiles or smooth stone, if there are no rubber strips that help not to slip. well, look, this is a non-normative ramp. because there are two grooves in it, but they are not universal, all people's wheelchairs have different widths, and accordingly, the wheels may not simply fit into these grooves, firstly, secondly, it has a non-normative slope, that is, it is more than necessary and you cannot climb it on your own, well, the handrails are also not normative, they do not have a normal height, and their thickness does not allow it. it's okay to catch on. the space of lviv with its old narrow streets, stone steps and curbs is difficult to adapt for people in wheelchairs, but it is possible. more and more coffee shops, cafes and bookstores are becoming disabled-friendly and adapting their businesses. karina notes that

plans his route in advance, looks for establishments with an accessible entrance area and restroom. and if there are no such, she will not be able to visit them, accordingly, leave money there. but if we talk about inclusion in general, then this is a process not only of removing these physical barriers, yes, it is also a process of removing mental barriers, including communication ones, and there is a certain problem in this too, because people still have different stereotypes about a person, for example, in a wheelchair, and maybe i can be perceived very superficial, you know, and accordingly... to hear a superficial attitude towards me, for example, regarding my financial capabilities there, or regarding my mental capabilities, simply because i use a wheelchair, of course, that is unacceptable, it should not be like that . karina says that a person's limited mobility should not deprive him of his sense of dignity and the opportunity to return

to his life. everything has changed very, very much now, after the full-scale invasion. of course, people have realized that there will be disability now. we have it everywhere, yes, it is present, like phenomenon, and that something needs to be changed, and of course, the rhetoric has changed a lot, the politics has changed a lot, and now i personally feel such, you know, excessive, even excessive attention and an excessive desire to help, we don't need excessive attention, we don't need that we they ran after us and offered us ramps, yes, we need to be allowed to live in peace, use all services, and work. and did not pay too much attention, well, it is not necessary. so that guests and residents of lviv could easily and quickly find barrier-free locations. lviv the tourist office has created a map: an accessible city. more than 100 food establishments, museums, theaters,

communal institutions, hospitals, shopping and entertainment centers have already been marked on the map, which must comply with all norms of inclusivity. natalya stare pravo, oleg palyamar, espresso tv channel. a real dictatorship reigns in the fictional country. turn on hbo's new satirical series on mekogo, mode. can her tyranny lead to freedom? watch in ukrainian in mego's subscription. an unusual look. on the news: good health, ladies and gentlemen, me they call mykola veresen, a sharp presentation of facts and competent opinions, in america they also say, let's make better roads , we will have even better ones, a special view on events in ukraine, there will be some katsaps on the border of kyiv and beyond, which the world

dreams of, mr. norman, we can imagine it, all this in an informational marathon with mykola veresny, on saturday 17:10, sunday 18:15 at espresso. big. of air time, two hours of your time, two hours to learn about the war and what the world is about, two hours to be up to date with economic news and sports news, two hours in the company of favorite presenters, presenters who have become like-minded to many, as well as distinguished guests of the studio, events of the day in two hours, vasyl zima's big broadcast, a project for intelligent and caring people, in the evening at espresso. the premium sponsor of the national team represents. united by football, stronger together.

vasyl zima's big broadcast. two hours of airtime, two hours of your time. two hours to learn about the war and how the world lives. two hours to be in... economic news and sports news. two hours in the company of loved ones presenters, presenters who have become kind of like to many, as well as distinguished guests of the studio. events of the day in two hours. vasyl zima's big broadcast, a project for smart and caring people, in the evening at espresso. welcome to the espresso channel. today, in our military program, we will talk about how ukraine can and wants to strengthen its air defense system. ukraine's need to increase air defense resources has become so obvious that, for example, the european parliament this week refused to vote on the budget issues of the council of the eu until

ukraine will not receive additional patriot systems, because the european parliamentarians themselves believe that there are as many as 100 patriot systems in europe, and it is quite possible and quite logical to transfer at least seven to ukraine for the protection of our cities, but these are the words of politicians, and it does not really mean that the governments of the pei countries are about to make a decision to share their patriots with ukraine. so what is the reality and what can ukraine do to really strengthen its anti-aircraft capabilities both on the battlefield and in the skies above our civilian cities with in view of the russian threats, which still do not decrease. we will talk about this in the next issue of our military program "war and weapons". my name is sergey. sweden is the director of the information and consulting company defense express, which now, together with

the espresso channel, seeks to highlight the most relevant trends in the life of our defense-industrial complex and our armed forces. and now we are joined by valentyn badrak, director of the army, conversion and disarmament research center, a military analyst and writer. mr. valentino, congratulations glad to see and hear you. congratulations, mr. sergey, as always, i am very glad of the invitation. you and i are literally in front of the program. we discussed the fact that now the war is changing and each side is trying to use the advantages of technology in one way or another, and the one who adapts faster, in principle, he really, well, has a certain opportunity to overtake the enemy, and the one who does the work faster over errors, as well as profit from this work, but i would like you to now evaluate the modern battlefield in such a general way that... what on it is crucial and as an additional issue with our air

defense, is there also this technology race where each side is trying to find the weaknesses of the other? well , i will probably start with the general, from the battlefield, and since sometime in september, the military actually signaled from the front that the war of drones had begun and... on the one hand, this was caused by the lack of artillery systems already in ukraine and in the country itself of the aggressors in russia modern and eh very i would say eh smart ammunition that could be to be used very actively, and actually, it immediately started with... the competition in how these drones will be modernized, and we

saw very serious things that were happening, that is, the dynamics of technological changes increased from september 23rd, well, just in several times, we also saw the creation of drones, fpvi drones by self-capture of targets, targets, we also saw drones with thermal imagers, which was not... before, but in a mass form, we now see, just yesterday there was an interesting report that in russia, they seem to have developed a communication system and are moving from pprc to dynamic changes in frequencies, and it seems to complicate the situation with drones, but at the same time, at the same time, efficiency. drones are estimated by the military to be about 10 to 40% and they say that it takes somewhere

around 10 drones to destroy, for example, a tank, and many drones are lost, rap has a very active influence, and this is in new, even old, new technologies, let's say from hunting pistols that shoot down small drones. to, say, rebovsky rifles, very diverse technologies, interceptors are now being developed very actively, the americans, have already made a purchase for... 600 coyotes, yes, such interceptors, and all this prompts experts to talk about certain changes. now there are opinions that, firstly, rap will have a greater influence, and secondly, there will be changes in the sense that, for example, ground robots will

make up, well, the main, or core, capabilities on the battlefield, and already at the beginning.. at the beginning of january , the ukrainians demonstrated several such interesting things, well, in particular, a kamikaze drone went as far as 4 km to the enemy and destroyed a bridge, this is a very interesting trend, as shown by the deminers, who are literally in front of the enemy 100 m to the enemy can be demined, and these are deserted platforms. these are very serious things, then the development of underwater drones, mini, even mini-submarines, these are all the moments, and of course the development of air systems, for example, china created, interestingly, created a drone, it was literally reported in march, a drone , which is capable of dividing into three, six other

drones and creating a swarm of drones controlled by... that is, these are very powerful ideas, powerful systems, but mainly what we have, what conclusion we have to draw, the bottom line is, we're fighting a combined war, a combined war is when very expensive things come up against very cheap but massive technologies, and we see that, we see that cheap massive technologies in a war of attrition start to... we see the exhaustion of the ukrainian air defense system, we see the exhaustion of the russian artillery, in fact, when drones surpass and increase the effect of work efficiency and perform, well yes, of course they do not perform the full spectrum, but only about 30-40% of the functions of artillery, but for

due to dynamics, due to cheapness, one projectile, well, definitely on the russian market for... itself, it costs about $600-700 there, but in our country now one ammunition costs up to $8,000, the namo company recently reported that it has increased up to up to 800 dollars, at the beginning of the year nato concluded a contract where there were already 5.5 thousand dollars for one munition, i am not talking about smart munitions that cost more than 60 thousand. dollars for one ammunition, yes, and one drone costs 600 dollars, there, if it is more technological, it will still be the same cost no more than 2-3 thousand dollars, and how this dynamic affects precisely the confrontation of air defense systems, you mentioned that the ukrainian air defense is slowly being depleted, probably due to the fact that

the enemy uses shaheds or cheaper missiles there, and more expensive ones rockets are used... for strikes on such important targets, as this dynamic affects the formation of the strategy of the russian offensive there, our defense, when it comes to air defense systems, a very important point is connected with the creation of echeloned anti-aircraft defense and the creation, so to speak, of a sequence of targets, but literally today we read such a thing. this is the insider's report about yesterday and about the fact that a ukrainian s-300 was shot down in odesa under a drone strike, and according to the ukrainian military this happened because they were not allowed to shoot down the drone that was above them, formally everything is correct, this reflects the essence of the problem itself, but now ukraine has focused

on the fact that the world is looking for patriots, patriot systems, we know that the missile patriot costs from two to 4 million dollars, and now i will return to the most crazy, if it was possible to take a significant number of accumulate yes, collect a significant number of systems, let's say the same skyranger, skynex with programmable ammunition, then in fact all the issues of the enemy ... and they would take over a significant part of the missiles, and then only ballistics would be dealt with, say, by the same patriots, and, for example, by long -range aircraft there at... 70 km from the front line, this is such an important point, the second is important moment that needs to be looked at more widely

market, than only the market of patriots, well , for example, let me remind you that in february of this year, during the exhibition, saudi arabia signed a new contract with south korea for 10 batteries of a new, well, not exactly the same and new system, but... the medium system range, as it is called, yes, which can reliably shoot down missiles at a distance of 40 km, and such a system would also take on part of the tasks, if, for example, the european union, europe could buy off, but the main issue is with the patriots, and with with other issues, with other systems, is that we will face... with the extraordinary, extraordinary selfishness of the european countries, because now each of the countries thinks that they have to defend themselves, and ukraine,

well, no matter what happens, it is telling that the president of moldova called on the leadership of the netherlands, yesterday, if this information was available, to pass their batteries to ukraine, they have three batteries of patriots. and not so, really, not so, vulnerable now, right now, today and now ukraine must be protected, i am not talking about countries like greece, yes, which are under the great influence of moscow, and they are unlikely to hand over their batteries , but let's say, the same germany from ten of its batteries, well, it could transfer a couple or three, the same poland or romania, which just bought the system. the patriots could well share the queue, yes, become, so to speak, second in line. why, why is it important to prove this to europe, because otherwise they themselves will have to use

these systems to fight against hostile russia when it attacks and attacks european nato countries. well, of course, and of course, the purchase of patriot systems outside the european union for... let's say europe, it can be the same, and well again yesterday, yesterday's speech by the prime minister of japan, mr. kishida, in the congress of the united states of america, where he urged not to give up the leadership of the united states, and apparently he hinted that the united states could also sell to the europeans, let's say there 5-10 batteries from their 60. patriot batteries, but it is indicative, this is a very brave performance by the japanese, who are now, well, very strongly,

so to speak, pressing for ukraine, yes, i understand that they have their own there, how many 24 patriot batteries do they have , they are unlikely to share due primarily to the very danger a powerful one from china, which has now increased many times, but to influence partners, now. there is such a regrouping of forces in the world, and really, whichever side regroups faster, that side will have the advantages, and actually speaking, all strategic things will probably be decided by september 24th, maybe by october, and this requires, well very dynamic changes in decision-making and in... their implementation, that is , the delivery of these systems that we are talking about now. so, the conclusion: divide not only patriot, but also other systems, and the second

to persuade, to transfer not only what is there somewhere in warehouses, conditionally, storage, but to transfer what is currently in the troops , to share. then there is one more proposal to discuss, when russia inflicted. strikes on gas storage facilities, daggers, other systems, then this gave rise to such an idea, perhaps in some way to integrate the interaction of our air defense system and the defense system of poland, perhaps this could be another such step in order for the air defense shield over our country to be more more powerful than you think with regarding such initiatives, solutions, proposals, the idea is certainly interesting, but i do not believe that in... nato will agree to such a course, because in fact, if it is a question of using polish patriot systems, directly from

the territory of poland, then... .this will create a situation where in russia they will call what general mili, the former, former chairman of the joint chiefs of staff, who is still listened to very strongly, warned about, he said, first of all, to prevent a kinetic collision between nato systems and russian , here it will be just like that say... violation of this, this, this, this situation, and de facto it will be considered that poland entered the war, probably it would be much better if a certain number of patriot systems were quickly transferred to the territory of ukraine, and then this would allow to avoid exactly such a threat to nato, although i am saying this from a position. of this general panorama

of the war, of course, it would be a much better decision for ukraine if the polish systems began to be knocked down, and even then we would feel more protected, and actually saying, they would feel that nato, well, actually supports us not only with weapons, but also with very specific actions, then intelligence data would be added to... er, the protection of the ukrainian sky would be added, of course, this step would be revolutionary , but so far i don't really believe in him, as regards the strikes on our underground gas storage facilities and on our power plants, and as regards our strikes on russian oil refineries, too.

systems that process oil, in fact , now the situation looks like a certain initial stage, and the result will depend on the one who will hold this scaling. i want to say that at the beginning of april, well, western analysts paid attention to the fact that russia began to strike more precisely, and is using it. no, no, it keeps, yes, it uses very expensive high-precision ballistic missiles for such purposes and at the same time aims at weakly defended areas where it did not aim before, in fact, ukraine does the same, chooses such fan attacks, high-precision, well, there are a lot goals for ukraine, there are already drones. which

fly 15 kilometers, and so does ukraine it does, but the question now is scaling, who will have time to scale these attacks and, let's put it this way, exhaustion, exhaustion of the enemy, because there are these completely justified positions that russia is also acting on the border, and the task... which the kremlin is now poses, it concerns today, literally today, and the calculations are definitely on the swiss, on the swiss dialogue, on the fact that a serious conversation about freezing the war will begin in switzerland, and great hopes that the participation in this, precisely in this area china can lead to... positional gains

for the kremlin, that's definitely a danger for us, and that's why this political part of the war, it's extremely connected to what's happening on the battlefield, and that's why ukraine is accelerating with scaling high-tech weapons of destruction and intelligence, this definitely gives a certain impetus and certain hopes that... at some stage , the ukrainian defense forces will be able, even without the powerful participation of the western coalition, to hold the front and to some extent destroy the russian defense potential, but really the exhaustion of our infrastructure remains a big problem, because we know that there have only been strikes since march 22.