we saw there even a year ago, six months ago, they don't trust the verkhovna rada of ukraine, that is, the verkhovna rada has one of the lowest credits of trust. according to the latest polls that you may have conducted, what is the attitude to the verkhovna rada, to its activities, what do people think, should the verkhovna rada be re-elected there, or should this verkhovna rada continue to work? you are asking the right questions and in the right context, because if you want, let's say cover. if you want to control our parliament, you will of course see that only 10-20% of ukrainians trust us verkhovna rada. confidence in it really increased after the invasion, but then it decreased, and traditionally, throughout the history of independence, the verkhovna rada enjoyed undeservedly low confidence, i say undeservedly, because in critical periods the ukrainian parliament demonstrated its subjectivity, this is 2004, this is 2014, and in general there are enough decent people in the ukrainian parliament, but the population, unfortunately, has a persistent impression of collective irresponsibility, and when there is a request for a certain order, the verkhovna rada is indeed

especially criticized for corruption and incompetence, but more than 70% of ukrainians believe that ukraine should have a strong parliament. that is, again, we criticize him, we don't like him for certain things, but we understand that without the parliament, a democratic ukraine will not happen, more than 90% of ukrainians now steadily believe that ukraine should be a fully functioning democracy, and the parliament is one of those key roles for the development of democracy, and if before the invasion 60% of ukrainians preferred a strong hand that would restore order, now 60% of ukrainians prefer a democratic system, so we need a parliament, but a renewed one is more effective. but other authorities that very often fall into corruption scandals, including or including the court, courts, individual judges, some other possible bodies or law enforcement agencies, there is some balance here, who is trusted the most and who is trusted the least, and what is the trend the more ... the body is connected with the defense

of the country, the higher its trust, for example, the security service of ukraine has grown in trust significantly after the invasion, and now the majority ukrainians trust the security service, because it is associated in defense with the police, the situation has also improved, because many police officers demonstrate personal loyalty, bravery and indeed the defense of the country, at the same time, if we talk about judges, prosecutors, then the situation is really critical, after the invasion it opened window, but recent corruption cases, they really greatly reduce trust in judges and prosecutors in general, for example, when a drunk... judge was detained there for killing a national guard, it's all a long, long investigation, it has a negative effect on the entire sphere, and on the one hand, people also want independence of judges, and by the way, when ukrainians talk about democracy, the number one criterion is a fully functioning democracy - it is fair justice for everyone, it is transparency, it is supremacy rights and of course the courts, and this is what ukrainians lack, and such things as connected by judges really demoralize a lot of people, unfortunately, if we return again. to the topic of refugees, to

the topic of people who, unfortunately, left our country countries, here is another question that i wanted to ask, whether these people are satisfied with their stay in the countries in which you conducted the survey, and how well or not well they are there, this is also a very important question in the context of whether they will return our citizens back, you know, that's exactly what we used to calculate how likely a person is. economic situation than it was before the invasion, objectively the situation is worse, but people's coordination system is changing. with which we

compare, of course, we can in kyiv to complain about something, but we understand that life in kharkiv is many times more difficult, and that is why people in surveys say that everything is fine, the situation is similar with our refugees abroad, people understand that compared to most of your relatives and friends in ukraine, the situation is quite not bad for them. another such pressing topic, which, in my opinion, according to polls, in principle unites society - is the topic of the russian orthodox church, or... or the ukrainian orthodox church, the moscow patriarchate, this is something that we are drawn to more than one year, draft law lies in the verkhovna rada of ukraine, it is not put to the second reading for a vote, so before that, you also presented a survey this year at the beginning of may, if i am not mistaken, and it was about what, after all, our citizens expect from the authorities, from...

the supreme council of ukraine regarding the moscow patriarchate, what trends do you see here, do the majority of ukrainian citizens still support the ban or what? state intervention, you know, it's a difficult issue because if we're talking about public opinion ukrainians, in fact the majority of ukrainians now associate the uoc with, unfortunately, with russia, with russian aggression and are in favor of its ban. we offered three options, by the way, one of them was conditionally not to touch the church, that is, to investigate only individual offenses. the second option is to establish state control, but not to ban it completely, and this is, by the way , an option for those who simply do not like state bans, and the third option is to ban it completely. and what we have steadily close. 10% who are in favor of a ban and another 20% who are in favor of a state one supervision, indicates that the population has a stable association of this church with russia, although they claim their formal lack of connection, but this is not convincing for citizens, but there is a more difficult question, as sociologists know a lot that in

the process of modernization, many in society is becoming secularized and the role of religion is decreasing, by the way, trust in the church has been decreasing in ukraine in recent years, not only in the uoc, in general, but in particular because of the activities of the uoc. mp, but, for example, in the usa, there is still a high influence of religion, and the usa is very sensitive citizens and politicians to the issue of persecution of christians and restriction of religious freedom. and, unfortunately, for all of us , the uocp issue is presented there as an example of persecution of christians. the average ukrainian does not agree with this. they understand that this is not persecution. but there are our allies in the west who are affected by this, who do not understand the situation. therefore, i have a feeling that the observance of this law is most likely connected with the fact that some of our allies should not be harmed. among the western states, still, you think that people's deputies will return to this question? look, we have already talked about the fact that it is really urgent, that is, there is a request from society, we should expect, in your opinion again, let it be subjective,

to expect that the deputies will vote, at least for that draft law, which is now ready for second reading, will this question be completely ignored? and this public request will be ignored , including, i have a feeling that it is possible at the moment, due to the unstable situation with support for ukraine, in particular with the elections in the same usa, which they have an unknown result for us, maybe this law will be postponed precisely for such political reasons, there is a request from society, but it is not so acute, because people now talk more about the fight against corruption, in addition to the war, if you ask what is more important to eradicate corruption or closed uocp, most say that corruption brings more pain, so actually there is a request, but it is not so actualized, and many people can say that we trust the security service of ukraine, it will effectively expose, expose collaborators and traitors, if, let's say, all measures have already been taken so that this church, not its representatives, not the church, but representatives harm kryna,

this issue can be postponed for the future. and in this context, if we are talking about the share of people who belong to some denomination, who are religious either directly or relatively. who has from the churches now or which church has the most trust now, maybe you have some percentage data? you know, one of those areas in statistics is how to present data, to emphasize your point of view, and if you are a supporter of the uoc, you can say, cite the number of parishes and say that indeed the majority of parishes now belong to the uoc mp, and formally most people probably go to this church, and from the point of view of the entire map of our country, that is, in relation to the population. you are right, when we ask in polls who people associate themselves with, it is an emotional moment, and in this case, we have about 70% of ukrainians who consider themselves orthodox christians, and among them the majority, rather there are 50% or more associate themselves precisely with the orthodox church of ukraine, and about 5%

of ukrainians associate themselves with the uoc and about 15 more who will say that we are simply orthodox and do not belong to the congregation, there is no difference, let's say there is a church next to their house, so they go there are not independent. because some of them are a way of evading the answer if you are supporters of the uoc, but even with this, it is still a minority of the population, that is, it is not incomparable to the number of parishes that they have, but you have to understand a certain problem that we have pcmp has a much larger network, and let's say you live in a small village, you need the services of a certain church, and you only have the only available option of the uoc, and you must understand that many local priests of the uoc, they can be quite normal people and fully share pro-ukrainian positions, there is a certain feeling that the bigger problem in top management. and trust, for example, in the ukrainian greek-catholic church, is it the number of people who identify themselves with this church, which is currently

equivalent to a percentage of about 10-15%, depending again on the methodology of the survey, as we conduct it, the situation is fairly stable over the years , but something is also happening in reality, we have a general decrease in trust, by the way, before the invasion, the church was trusted by about 50-60%, this is when we talk about the church as a whole, in december of the 23rd year there were already less than 40% of people, this is also the natural processes of secularization that are taking place. society, especially among the younger generations, who are less religious, but also the question of the position of the church, let's say the ocu earlier and the kyiv patriarchate, was associated as conditionally there i am an atheist, but of the kyiv patriarchate, as the pro-ukrainian church, as a question of identity, now this question is not so acute for many people, and the question of what the church can offer, and the emphasis on conservative values, i can say, repels many, because it has a certain association with russian scraps and the role of the russian orthodoxy, and the question whether the church and the greek catholics. and ocu, will they be able to be in the spirit of a modern ukrainian? how many atheists are there in ukraine according to i.e. people who do not

belong to any church, to any denomination, how many are there in ukraine, according to at the latest, at least during a full-scale invasion. we have about 10-15%, but together with those who call themselves not atheists, but there are not believers, not regular churchgoers, this is about 15-20% of people will leave, and it is a little more among young people, so by the way, this ... open the question to all churches in ukraine, what they can offer spiritually to ukrainians, i can say that now ukrainians want a certain unity with the state, this is a certain open patriotic position, and this is definitely euro-atlantic european integration, so in fact, those issues that are discussed as lgbt, gender issues and so on, if there is a categorical opposition from the churches, it will, on the contrary, push away rather than cement the conservative electorate, and once again we will return to internal change. people, but already within our country, this is also very important, because several million

of our citizens, they were literally scattered in different regions of our country, if you interview them, then how objectively can these data be considered, because people, we will understand , are moving, some may say that it is not the way it really is, or do you reject such an argument, and in fact it is possible to talk about the fact that... persons inside the country and persons who have left the borders of our country give objective answers, we say, we can talk, at least about objective sociology, we are currently conducting surveys using the predominant method of telephone interviews and considering that almost 100% of ukrainians have telephones, internally displaced persons also participate intensively, in each of us sample, it's about 12-15%, it's internal movement of a person, and it actually corresponds to the statistics that are available in the country. they take part in polls, they want their opinion to be heard, and by the way, in many issues, especially those who left the occupation, they

demonstrate absolutely pro-ukrainian positions and readiness to support ukraine as much as possible. it is important that there is a certain line of disunity that is advancing, it is between the host communities and the displaced people in ukraine, but we conducted a survey and the absolute majority of the internally displaced persons and the absolute majority of host communities claim that relations are quite productive, and in fact, in the conditions of a tragic situation, it is a benefit for the country in that... millions of ukrainians from the south and east moved and communicated with ukrainians in the center and west, and it turned out , that we are all the same ukrainians, again, these are not some mythical residents of donetsk there or the south of ukraine, for the residents of donetsk, these are not some mythical bander residents in the west, it turns out that we are all ukrainians, we are all people, we support each other, and this is again the creation of greater unity of the ukrainian nation, i would like to talk with you about an important aspect: the ukrainian language, its... establishment after the full-scale invasion, we saw a surge of ukrainian music and a return

to what was actually ours, that is, to of the ukrainian language of many of our citizens, as far as these two years, what are the trends, are you not currently observing a certain decline, at least some say so, we see on the same facebook, we see how people in their bubble bubbles are actively discussing this, this transition to the ukrainian language is ongoing, how many people? now, relatively speaking, they are ready to switch, have they already switched, or have they conducted any, at least such surveys, for understanding, before the invasion, about 50% of respondents answered that they mainly communicate in ukrainian at home, among the rest, about half, that is, a quarter of ukrainians mainly speak russian, and a quarter in ukrainian and russian in equal measure, now you who mainly communicate in ukrainian about 60%, but you have to understand that part russian-speaking territories are occupied, so this indicator has increased, but not so much. at the same time, 80-90% of ukrainians answer that they use

the ukrainian language more often in their lives, among russian-speaking citizens more than 60% say they use the ukrainian language more often. it is necessary to understand that the situation is really changing, but our generation is needed. many people, they will not be able to, under the influence of middle and older age, let's say, suddenly switch from russian to ukrainian, because this is a matter of content, it a question of the environment, it is a question of a certain convenience, the one who switched from one language to another understands this composition. che, but the attitude towards the ukrainian language has changed over a generation, ukrainian is the only state official language - it is our state symbol, the attitude towards raising one's children has changed, and this issue is that now those who speak russian often. children are raised in the ukrainian language and , accordingly, in a generation or two , the situation will change, but there is a certain risk that many of those who want changes right here and now, or reduce the russian language to speaking russian, supporting the enemy, this contributes to additional division and aggression within society, which should of course be avoided, because it is a gradual process, it goes on and let's support people, and not create an unnecessary artificial fault line, well

, the state should also include it here in my opinion , to support, and the state in our country very often. is not finalizing in this direction, therefore we will still expect some further support from the state, i will give an example, as i pointed out 15 years ago, that when a certain the series is western, literally every other day there is a russian translation of several versions, now we finally see that there are also ukrainian-language high-quality translations from which you can choose, there is content for young people, but again, we have a nuance in that that we specifically publish the results often in terms of language to show that russian-speaking ukrainians are also in favor of ukraine. language as a single state, for euro-atlantic integration, hate russia, fight and so on, that is why there is such an unhealthy narrative, who is trying to make a narrow image of a correct ukrainian right here and now and trying to provoke a certain hatred, it is necessary to support the right and the state also plays a big role here, as well as the understanding of such people who are known, who should, by the way , show by example that we are moving to

the ukrainian language, so here i absolutely agree with you, regarding those people who are popular, they should... do it and should demonstrate that we should support, well, ukrainian everything, that is, it also applies to music, culture, and language and and anything else. one more the question, it concerns the armed forces of ukraine, the question, which is quite sensitive, is the question of mobilization, the question is the relation to the same assembly centers, tsk, yes, regarding mobilization, to what extent do ukrainians currently support it? mobilization is tougher or less tough, and perhaps you have already conducted some surveys regarding the new law, so about mobilization and actual actions in the context of this law, for example, the same assembly centers, are there such data as to how ukrainians are aware of the importance or unimportance of such legislation? well

, you know, the issue of mobilization is probably one of the most successful hostile information operations against ukraine, so i actually ask you, on the one hand, 60-70% of ukrainians agree that mobilization should be carried out, of course, ukrainians would like it to be exclusively voluntary, but the ukrainians understand that it will not be voluntary, because we need people to repel the enemy. if we ask the question that people are ready to take up arms, by the way, we still have a huge percentage are ready to take up arms, and considering the millions of people who remain in ukraine, there are actually enough human resources in ukraine. often this issue was artificially diverted from the issue of weapons, many ukrainians... preached that in the case of improper supply from western partners, it somewhat demotivates them to supply weapons, but then we strongly resist tiktok and other videos that we see, because really in relation to the ccc has an unfairly negative image, and this is an interesting moment, because it actually applies to all state bodies of ukraine, when people have direct touch, it turns out that the absolute majority have a normal, calm experience, but on the internet you

only see emotionally saturated non-representative cases, they really exist, you have to deal with them. to gather and work, but they are not representative of the whole experience of contacts with tck and those who are engaged in mobilization, because most people have had a completely calm normal experience, but this is something that can really undermine to some extent, although anyway we published the results yesterday, that 60% of ukrainians see the war as existential, and accordingly, there is an understanding here that we cannot evade mobilization from this process, because as a result we will simply be destroyed, the end of the war, territorial concessions, various compromises, you conducted such polls last year in 2023, as far as i understand, you are already some the survey was conducted this year, and we said before the broadcast that you are also investigating some things now, what we have now, what is the situation in this direction, some ukrainians

say that it is necessary to fight to the borders of 1991, some we see, expresses the opinion that... it is necessary to somehow stop the war there, what is the current sociological situation in this direction? most ukrainians remain flexible and are open to certain negotiations or understanding that there may be some complex arrangements. we, of course, the majority would support the return to the 91st year borders, and publicly we cannot refuse this, because you know, it's like in diplomacy, if you back down from this, then you will be hit with spears and the whole world. but once again, ukrainians are flexible. we really have the share of those who are ready for certain territorial concessions is growing, but when we discuss this issue, the key point is not even so much the territorial concessions, which were difficult for us, but the issue of further security of the country, because, for example, ukrainians... are grateful for security the agreements that are currently being signed are grateful to our western allies, but, for example, it is not felt to be a sufficient security guarantee for the future, there is membership in nato, or military bases on

the territory of ukraine, this could be a certain package that the ukrainians would be ready for to discuss, but if it’s just such a humanistic approach that let’s stop shooting, let’s freeze so that we don’t die, ukrainians understand that this will only lead to a repeated attack in the future, that is , formally, we really have a little more of those who are ready to make concessions there, but fact... in fact , most continue to realize that these cannot be unilateral concessions without ukraine receiving certain security guarantees. issues of nato and the european union. well, the european union, we've seen the polls, there 's a stable figure there, and it's even increasing over the past years or months. regarding nato, is it possible to say that some people are still ready to give in to this issue, what are the current figures for... the eu and nato. now about 80% support joining nato, depending on the wording of the question, about 90% support joining the european union, and this figure has been fairly stable over the past few years.

at the same time, ukrainians become more critical of these institutions, but do not give up this goal, realizing that only nato and the eu are our safe future for us, our children, and where should we go but at the same time, in terms of willingness to give in, even in the case of nato, we have about, only about 20% ready to give up membership in nato, in exchange for ending it. war in the case of the european union, the indicator is even lower, but again, even the refusal of nato membership will require receiving at least certain other guarantees that ordinary ukrainians will trust. unfortunately, there are two such unpleasant experiences, the first is the budapest memorandum, and ukrainians remember it and now remember it, although we had a survey in the 90s, which showed that ukrainians generally had a normal attitude to the nuclear disarmament of ukraine at that time, and the second point is the minsk agreements. ukrainians remember that de facto ukraine gave up part of the territory, postponed it. for their future liberation in exchange for an end to the war, we got an invasion and even more casualties and destruction. and the last thing i wanted to ask you is whether we have any regional division in

the context of the eu, nato, some ideological things, and the concessions we talked about. he used to be, you and i remember, before revolution of dignity and even after the revolution of dignity, now this ice, as they say, has broken, but still. specifics, is there absolutely, as they say, such a straight line, and with that everything is fine in our country, there is no straight line and in fact there never will be, because our country is very interesting and heterogeneous, even this is a question of industry, agriculture, what people are engaged, but really pessimists can still say that there may be a little more pro-russian citizens in the east, or not so euro-atlantic supporters, but in fact the majority population in all regions and supports euro-atlantic integration and... and joining the eu and once again hates russia, that is, now we, as sociologists would say, that now the unity between the regions is clear and has been preserved all these years. mr. anton, we are very grateful to you for

this conversation, for the relevant answers, i think that it is extremely important for our country, for our viewers, to get these answers. anton hrushetsky, executive director of the kyiv international institute of sociology, was on the air of the tv channel. press, we we can only say one thing that ukraine should continue to unite around a common goal, which is victory over the russian enemy. thank you for watching this exclusive interview on the espresso tv channel. goodbye and see you again. attention, a profitable offer: order a smart light bulb at a special promotional price, only uah 149,

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news on the air of spresso, i'm khrystyna porubiy, i'll talk about the most relevant thing at the moment: there are currently no plans to increase the hourly blackout schedules. due to the enemy's night attack, - ukrenergo informs. however, the situation in the energy sector remains difficult. the lights will be turned off today from 4 p.m. to midnight. however, there may still be changes. and new ones details about the night attack in ivano-frankivsk in one of the microdistricts of the city, the university of oil and gas was damaged. on the territory of the institution.