e black sea - about 4 million tons of russian oil and about 3.5 million tons of russian oil products. if you add all this up, multiply it by 7.3, that is, translate it into barrels and multiply it, well, by $70 per barrel, er, and that one. 80 there, the numbers are different in different months, so it turns out that russia will receive up to 15 million dollars every month, billions, sorry, ugh, dollars every month from this. it is clear that, and i have always been saying this for many years, that as long as this channel exists, as long as this export exists.

well, then putin will have the money to to produce, to buy abroad, chips, optical devices, everything that is needed for the production of missiles, which fly over you and me all over ukraine, and especially over the odesa region, almost every day. er, about a year ago, yes, in june. two years ago it was in june 22nd of the year j7, the european union announced an embargo on the supply of russian oil to its ports, and in relation to the rest of the ports, a so-called price ceiling was introduced, leaving, and it was said that if this oil, or ... the automotive product

is transported by er, that means, the ships of the european union, then there may be a fixed price of no more than 60 in the contracts, because, well , we laughed so much at this decision, to be honest, uh, because it was clear that there is no control system for this, that for... uh- e russians can forge any contracts, it is a matter of two or three minutes, and finally, for a year putin's decree has been in existence, which directly states that those who sell oil and those who transport oil are expressly prohibited from specifying the price of that oil in contracts price cap in... the contract, in the annexes to the contract and

even mention it, and that is putin, so, already at the beginning of the 23rd year, i canceled this whole story, and of course, well, here you are, so you came to buy oil, or whatever, and you, the european union j7, says that this... can only be bought for 60 dollars, and the seller tells you: yes, by the way, i have a price of 80, that's all, mr. andrii, mr. andrii, that is, they formed a shadow fleet that does not fly under european flags and does not belong to europeans, but how many there are now the vessels of these oil tankers or what is the correct name for such vessels there. tankers, yes, well, i

will say a separate remark about the concept of the shadow fleet, and as for the quantity, not everything is so simple with the europeans, today 32% of the tankers that transport russian oil from the baltic are tankers from the countries of the european union greece, uh, about 12-15% of their tankers that transport russian crude oil from of the black sea, these are also greek tankers, well, in general, 30% can safely be said to be european tankers, and even then , there is no pricescape there, since, as you rightly said, russia has reoriented its exports to asian countries, mainly india , china, and it all goes, and it all goes there. and eh, i don't know what kind

of greek shipowners there are, so they provide documents, eh, contract documents, but - there are already dozens of investigations in this regard. non-compliance with the price ceiling, and they were made by such giants of the world media as bloomberg, reuters, associated press, cnn and others, they all prove that it is impossible to control, it is impossible in india and in china, er, so that is why it does not work , however, our friends in the united states in the european union, friends are allies. and partners, for some reason they stubbornly want to, well, as if it is necessary to reduce, listen, well, that's it cannot be sustained and there is no control mechanism, it can be reduced, increased, well, the russians will laugh at this and drive for that,

well, one more argument, mr. andrii, here are the defenders of these sanctions, they say, well , look, they started selling cheaper anyway , let it be on china, on india, but... russia loses money, then the prices were different for oil, and if the russian export of russian oil is completely blocked, then the prices will skyrocket, this is bad for the world economy, it will overheat, goods in europe will increase , in the states, let them sell a little bit, not as expensive as how earlier, and the main profit, the main margin remains in china and india, well, this is the logic that the defenders of these sanctions broadcast, and even in america. and we have heard that america is just, well, they are worried that this can provoke the so-called inflationary pressure on the oil market and even an increase in prices for gas and oil, but what are you doing, it can

be done, but experts of the energy market are sure that it will happen, if it does happen, then there will be a small increase, secondly... that it will be short-lived, why? because the share russia has up to 10% in this market, that is, it is not critical, by 50 or 40, not 70, russia is not a monopoly, and finally more and more experts are saying that, well, remember how the economy collapsed. of the soviet union. the united states agreed with saudi arabia to increase exports of its own oil and collapse world prices. in principle, the same thing should actually be done now, because

anyway, the more, yes, the longer putin's opportunity to finance the war lasts, the bigger the country. america and europe will spend there on ukrainian weapons, on ukrainian shells and missiles for production for ukraine, all this, and will spend such considerable funds to support those of our citizens there, many millions, who went there with their children from the war and lived there. yes, and the main thing is that, well, it’s not simple, if they want the war to last until the last ukrainian, then probably that’s what they have to do, as they are doing, right now, but we are trying to change this, i’ll tell you

, that means the shadow fleet , i don't even know who invented it, so this legend was invented. what is some shadow fleet, it is not known where it is registered, it is not known by the flags, it is very old, environmentally dangerous, so there is no shadow raft, we know everyone by name and patronymic, relatively speaking, every tanker, we know when, so they were built, we know that there... there are no ships, and most of the ships were built after the 10th year, that is, these are very, these are new ships, yes, up to 20 years of a tanker, this is very, very normal, so these are some legends, mr. andriy, if , if we know all this, then

i am not calling for anything, but just that the question is, why suddenly there are no problems with these ships at sea, there are some pirates there, i don't know. well, you understand, so there is a right to war at sea, huh, and of course, that there is a lot, if ever. i write my posts on facebook, of course there are a lot of comments that they should be drowned there, that tanker should be sabotaged in the black sea and so on, well, ukraine positions itself as a legal state that adheres to international norms, that is the law of war on the sea, it has existed since the beginning of the last century, seems to be the first geak convention. was in 1909, then it was there

, so these conventions were updated, but the essence does not change, belligerent countries do not have the right to detain, sink, confiscate ships belonging to non-belligerent countries, that is, and... how many there are, well, look , as he said, in the baltic sea 30%, yes, in the black sea 12%, this is for crude oil, these are european vessels, so we say, listen, there is no need to tell, i say, we need to take european tankers from these routes, so, that is it's -30%, in numbers, it's... so 100 tankers from the baltic and approx

20-30 every month from the black sea, take a third, that's a lot, let them look for uh tankers in other countries, there, of course, that will increase - the freight price of these tankers, of course, that will decrease, uh, that means they will increase, increase expenses, that means, in addition to what you said, they receive less, they receive less only due to the fact that the route has become longer, that is, before they were transported from the baltic, from leningrad, ustluga, and other ports to the ports of the european union, it is very close, cheap and so on. now, of course, what when they are from st. petersburg, they take oil by tanker to bombay or to... to shanghai, then it's a month and more than a month, yes, it's more expensive, but

it's not critically more expensive, and besides, we don't know, because this whole topic with contracts, it is closed in this situation, we don't know what goodies russia is promising to the same india, the same china, and other countries, they can. er, it means to have some other agreements, which , as if it does not concern, the supply of weapons to someone, benefits for others, some benefits for others, directions of economic cooperation and so on, that's why we say that there are ways out, and these specific ways, you see, their cameron only slightly indicated that it should be... done, we are now advancing the topic, as it is, if time permits,

we still have four or five minutes, mr. andrii, can you, uh, please, that is, what should be done, first, well, first, i already said that we need to take the tankers of the european union, there are american tankers, they transport from the port of novorossiysk there from the ports of the baltics, e. mineral fertilizers, vegetable oil, we eat we say: listen, don't be ashamed of these two or three tankers, take them away from these routes. in addition, it means that each tanker has its own unique name, which is the amo registration number of the international maritime organization, which is given to every ship in the world when it is born and is no longer used after

the ships cease to exist , that is, impose sanctions on all these thousands of tankers that carry, what will it mean? the ship goes through the english channel, or through the straits, cogtegate, skagerrak, from the baltic to the north sea, in the first case. denmark, in the second case - britain and france. they all pay european companies, british companies. fee, they pay the services of the pilot and all those services that are connected with the passage through the strait, as soon as you put them on the sanctions lists, they lose the ability to make those payments, and by the way, in the bosphorus, i think our turkish

neighbors, they will think a lot, and what to do with these tankers, which... vessels, not the owners, yes, namely the vessels on these sanctions lists, thank you, that is, ugh, and finally, the environmental maritime service of any country can, in its economic zone, that is, in the baltic sea and in the straits, stop ships and check them to see if that top, that oil and all that stuff is flowing there , it should be done, thank you. so, andriy klymenko, the project manager at the institute of black sea strategic studies, talked about the russian fleet, which turned out to be not a tyuyun one at all, with which they export their crude oil, and now we have to take a break literally for a moment. we will return. events, happenings just now and affect our lives.

of course, the news feed reports on them, but it is not enough to know what is happening, you need to understand... antin borkovskyi and invited experts soberly assess the events, analyze them, modeling our future, every saturday at 1:10 p.m. with a repeat on sunday at 10:10 a.m. studio zahid with anton borkovsky at espresso. congratulations again harle kunyere, you are watching a joint project. of the crimean tatar tv channel atr and the together birabir tv channel, in the studio i work for you gulsum khalilova and my colleague andriy yanitskyi. thank you, and now we have bohdan dalints, aviation expert on call, manager of the aviation sector. mr. bohdan, congratulations, congratulations, congratulations, let's start the conversation with ukrainian drones that

fall into russian territory, but every day the ministry of defense of the russian federation literally declares that it shoots down 120 ukrainian drones, then 100, then 70, 115, is it really , we have already learned to attack russian territory with so many drones and are they really shooting them down or are they just reporting to their viewers, to our audience that the drones are going astray, we are actually hitting the target. well, look, if we talk specifically about the specified number, then more than a hundred drones that would have reached their goal, we actually ... saw much brighter reactions of the russians and not a single relevant oil test plant would have burned, but dozens at the same time, that's why there are probably two important warehouses here : the first is important, that the russians regularly like to exaggerate the real numbers in order to visit their citizens, that is, they do not see how ukraine effectively destroys dozens or hundreds

of their respective kamikaze drones of the shaket type, and in order not to look... much worse, they simply increase this number, relatively speaking, dozens of drones, they increase it to a hundred, and non-existent drones are simply recorded as shot down, the generals rejoice , because they receive medals, the corresponding servicemen who are close to them, receive bonuses, that is, everyone remains satisfied, that is, if we actually look at this situation, we must understand that, after all , part of the drones, it can be destroyed one way or another, and that's totally normal we see that even these chess... which the russians launch, as a rule, there is still a certain percentage, which is 10-15%, unfortunately, it achieves its goals, as well as the ukrainian drones, so i hope that this percentage is much higher, because , unfortunately, there is no official data on how many are launched and which hit directly on one or another object, so it is difficult to assess the effectiveness of ukrainian drones in particular,

but the number of drones and destroyed drones that show exactly the russian corresponding the military, she definitely does not speak to the version that there are only hundreds of drones, after all, we are talking about the launch of dozens of long-range drones, but to cover them, relatively speaking, cheap small drones can be used, including those that are launched into the so-called buffer zone zone, i.e. up to 50 km, this is the front line or border territory with the russian federation, where the radio electronic warfare system is sufficiently aggressive and there is a lot of air defense, that's what i would like... but ukraine is constantly experimenting, i remember then beaver, then that drone, which at first did not have a name, then they began to call it

the fierce, and then some other modifications, that is, we constantly have some kind of experimental work, and it is connected, as i understand it , with the fact that we do not we can use western models of such weapons to attack the russians, so we are forced to develop something of our own, and the russians just buy ready-made ... iranian models, am i wrong, or do we act in approximately the same way? well, look, here the situation is quite different, because the first is an important component, the majority drones, they all consist of western components, including navigation systems, control systems, engines, etc., and if you look in principle at those products that are also ukrainian, including those purchased outside of ukraine, then this is still a certain such a zoo of different drones, there are several reasons, because on the one hand... of course, the resources in the access and procurement market are limited, that is , you have to buy not thousands, but tens or hundreds, and this all stretches over months

of their supply, that is, in different suppliers, different models in order to cover the required quantity. the second important component, of course, is domestic production, but it is also based on western components, today it is quite difficult for russians to get these components, first of all, if it is self-assembling, the so-called dual mandatory purpose. and this, of course, narrows the opportunity for peresians to create new models of unmanned vehicles, because after all, the main market where they can take these components is the chinese market, but it also has certain limitations, and this leads to the fact that the nomenclature, it narrows, here on the one hand, on the other hand, it still works as if the model, when , after all, the state has, and already internal production for assembling these drones is . kamikaze type shakets, they simply take them en masse in order to reduce their cost, that is, in principle, ukraine could also move in the direction of creating large , powerful factories for the production of thousands

of drones, but unfortunately, such factories will almost instantly become the target of the enemy, that is why another system works, the so-called, as it works at sea, the so-called mosquito fleet, the same way it works with production, that is , diversification, small producers, their large number, that is, it is impossible to destroy such production in principle. well, it is interesting that we have drones that fly even to bashkortostan and tatarstan, which, if i am not mistaken, are 1,200 and 1,300 km, but it is very interesting, what kind of drones are these and where is the real russian air defense? well, look, if we talk about this case, so far we are talking about, unfortunately, single such lesions, that is, this unfortunately, we are not talking about some serial drone, that is, we are talking about a convertible so-called ultra-light aircraft. and in addition , such strikes at such a long distance of more than 100 km, there are only a few of them today. eh, the key task is to bypass the air defense system in a buffer manner, here

, in fact, 50-60 km after the border with the russian federation, the so-called internal airspace of the russian federation begins, where you can fly a long distance practically unnoticed with a low mobility to be shot down, that is, because the existing complexes are precisely s300, s400, they are trained to destroy in... large targets at high speeds, as a rule, at heights there of three or more kilometers, if we look at the drones that harvest russian ob jets, they fly at much lower altitudes, at the same time , the greatest danger for such drones is not so much the air defense system, because even the specialized panzerus russia has only about a hundred units, and the more serious ones are the radio-electronic systems combat, that is, rebs, which can also affect navigation signals and this leads to the fact that such... we see that the number of so-called drones intercepted by the russians, it is not measured by the number of downed ones, but mainly shows the fragments

of drones, which directly were precisely planted or destroyed by the use of rebs, and recently the strategic communications center, he calculated the losses of the russian occupiers in the territory of the temporarily occupied crimea for... the last 3-4 months, and there they write that russia has lost, well, tens of systems air defense, dozens of s-300, s-350, s-400 systems, and more importantly, russia lost 15 radar stations. recently, it became known that russia has already, unfortunately, repaired the kerch crossing. please tell me if they can recover these all. the losses that we have seen in the last 3-4 months, how much do they, well, need for this time, well, look, from the point of view

of the air defense system itself, it is... production has lasted long enough, that is, we can be talking about years here, together with those, the number of systems that the russian federation has remains large enough, that is, we are talking about hundreds of units of such complexes, at the same time, in order to cover individual objects on the territory of the crimean peninsula, they will need to remove these objects from other parts of the russian federation, thus reducing protection of certain objects, primarily airfields, individual places, and of course directly creating in this way... more gaps for the possibility of drones, for example, to enter the territory of the russian federation from other directions, because on today we only see strikes inflicted on drones that fly in from the territory of ukraine, but considering that this area and coverage will simply decrease, in principle, nothing prevents us from creating a conditional conversion of a ship into an aircraft carrier of such drones and striking other territories of the russian federation, but of course

it is necessary to understand how these ships will then safely leave the zone affected by the russian aircraft or the corresponding sea vessels, in addition to that, speaking specifically about the destruction of air defense systems on the territory of crimea, this may be one of the stages of preparation for the next military operations on the territory of crimea, including the use of western aviation platforms such as the f-16, because in principle the dilution and destruction of air defense systems , today it is much easier to do this in crimea than, for example, in other regions, because there is less forest there, and there are certain corresponding heath areas, that is , the number of locations where these systems can be deployed, it is much smaller, but it is also quite difficult to move other locations or hide them due to the lack of a large amount of forest, that is, in fact , crimea turns into a kind of shooting range for the destruction of russian air defense systems, with a sufficiently high efficiency, and

plus there is a ukrainian partisan . which, of course , report on the movement of russian military equipment, as well as quite effectively, as far as i know, we know directly about several partisan groups, most of them and also i wanted to ask about sea maguras, i know, i understand that you are aviation experts, there is also an aviation topic here, missiles are now installed on sea platforms that hit air targets, how effective is the use of a sea platform for launching such missiles in general, or is it still what? just experiments, well, look, we see that, in principle, the number of such installations with launchers has increased, but at the same time, we felt the threat these installations pose to helicopters, as well as to airplanes flying at a low altitude, mainly, if we are talking about the canvases at a low altitude, then this is precisely the fighter aircraft that can conduct reconnaissance or search for such sea drones for their further destruction, that is, it is actually one of the means

of protecting these... hrons from air attacks, that's why that these missiles have a so -called thermal homing head, but their launch from the ground has certain limitations, first of all it affects the maximum range at which such missiles can operate, that is, they are reduced from tens of kilometers there to two or three times, i.e. up to significantly shorter range, it also affects the maximum height to which these missiles can fly, that is, if they provide for the destruction of a target at an altitude of 10-12 km. at ranges there of the order of 50-70 km, then, unfortunately, the bush of land will limit the maximum height there to three or four, maybe 5 km, of course , the maximum range there will probably not exceed 10-12 km either, due to the fact that the air resistance is about earth, it is much larger, the first component, the second component, that the rocket launched from the plane already has an additional speed of the order of 500-600 km and more per hour, and at the start of the land it

has, that is, the initial minimum there. a speed of tens of kilometers and of course it loses the greatest amount of energy for this, that is, this approach can be effective, but only against a sufficiently narrow list of the whole, that is, these are helicopters, planes that can directly conduct reconnaissance and search for such drones. mr. bohdan, i remember you before the full-scale invasion as a civil aviation expert, and you, i think, could comment on the recovery of civil aviation, whether it is realistic to restore it. during hostilities, or should we wait until russia capitulates? well, look, the issue here is also quite complex, that is, we already see examples from around the world, including israel, when air traffic was restored and even its suspension there was no more than six hours, including in the conditions of existing rocket attacks.