public transport stops and in other crowded places, so that bystanders could hide at least from the debris as quickly as possible. these buildings have such a thick wall that they are, so to speak, an anti-splinter partition that protects people. currently, there are modular shelters in most regions of the country, in particular in dnipropetrovsk region, donetsk region, kherson region, and kharkiv. kyiv region and even rivne region. we checked several such caches in kryvyi rih, a city 60 km from the war zone. there are as many as 70 modular shelters in kryvyi rih, 10 each for each district. according to data on the prozoro website, each cost a little more than a million hryvnias. compared to other cities, kryvyi rih also saved money. in principle , kryvyi rih has one of the lowest prices, but this may be due to op'. purchase, because

on average one, two, three shelters are bought in the country, if we have 100 million and it comes with ramps, but in other cities 2, 3 million, 5 million, 6 million, that is the average price, there are and 500, 800 thousand each, but these are isolated cases and the sizes are unclear, and it seems that people don't hide here often, according to local journalist anton... kravchenko, the situation with shelling in kryvyi rih is not critical, but there really aren't enough shelters in the region. these shelters are enough, or move them, for example, to kryvorivskyi district, we have the village of marinska hryshivka, which is right on the occupation line, there, this year , they began to be very actively flown by drone drones, shelling them, a woman was injured there last month, a shop flew to the gas station two months ago. flew to these populated areas

points would be very relevant, or the best, but we have guys along the entire line, how, if we buy, allocate for such things, while our situation is like this, it would be more logical, smarter, because in kryvyi rih they does not use our group visited three locations, talked to two dozen townspeople, but we heard basically the same answer. why? and why? i believe in god, i don't even know what it looks like, it's beautiful, no, no, no, no one i know, no one has ever hid, it's not particularly safe, no, no, never, there are a lot of them in the city, i see, but i really haven't been there more than once, no, we managed to enter only one of the three shelters, but there are also fragments of glass bottles, the situation is the same in the other two shelters. even sadder:

one is used as a public toilet, the other is home to a local homeless man. and it seems that this problem is not exclusive to kryvyi rih. our colleagues from sumy and dnipro also talk about the misuse of shelters. modular concrete shelters can protect people from injuries from debris as a result of attacks by russians, missiles or drones. however, protect the shelter from vandalism and consciously protect your own. life, we probably still need to learn from the israelis. vasyl zima's big broadcast. my name is vasyl zima, this is a big broadcast on the espresso tv channel. two hours of airtime, two hours of your time. my colleagues and i will talk about the most important thing, for two hours, to learn about the war, about the military, front-line, component, serhiy zgurets, and what the world is about. yuri fizer is already with me, and it's time to talk about what happened outside of ukraine. yury, good evening. two hours to keep up with economic news. time to talk about money

during the war oleksandr morchivka next to me and sports news i invite yevhen pastukhov to a conversation for two hours in the company of favorite presenters about cultural news chihchenina our art viewer is ready to say good evening presenters who have become like movridnidenko already next to me ready to talk about the weather on this weekend, as well as distinguished studio guests. mustafa dzhemilov, the leader of the crimean tatar people, is in touch with us. mr. mustafa, congratulations you. good day. events of the day in two hours. vasyl's big broadcast. a project for smart and caring people, in the evening i congratulate our viewers, this is the experience of war and i, iryna koval, today invited oksana vegovska, an infectious disease doctor, professor, dean of the bogomolets medical university, to our studio. oksana, i congratulate you. but probably not everyone

knows that you are not only a doctor and professor and dean, but also a volunteer, so today i want to talk with you... about this experience of yours, congratulations, i want to start our conversation precisely from february 24, 2022, so that you remember where you were, what you were doing and whether you thought that everything would be exactly as it was, well, i think that everyone remembers this day, i am not an exception, in that day i found myself in the city of vasylkiv to my own devices. which was just one of the first to be affected, where the houses of local residents were shelled and attacked, the airport, and when i arrived there to pick up my husband's mother, i realized that i could not just be in

this city, and i began to ask, as a doctor, which i can to provide help, which i will be useful, of course. the first thing that came to mind - is to go donate blood, but through acquaintances i found out that there is a territorial defense, and doctors are needed there, of course, of course, and thus on the first day of the war i became a doctor, a volunteer of the territorial defense vasylkov shield, that's how my path began volunteering, how long did you stay there in vasylkov, as of today... i remain a doctor of the territorial defense of the vasylkov shield, i don’t go there, at first we started and organized a medical station, where civilians were also given help, especially during attacks, my function was to provide help on

to the place where the person was injured, and to bring the person to... the hospital, where the person was already operated on and provided with qualified medical assistance, and of course, to provide assistance to the boys and girls who were volunteers. literally a month later, a medical hospital with surpluses was organized, and accordingly, from the first day we were on duty there, that is, we lived there 24x7 for many days, and at this rate i was there until... october 2022, and then at the same time, i was still working at the medical university and traveling to work, then it became easier, we had more shifts, well

the hospital is still functioning, and i know that you started going to de-occupied territories and providing medical assistance to people in... occupied territories, most often, where exactly do you go? well, it started with a trip to kharkiv, i will never forget june 22, when i got to this city, which i fell in love with and love, and i was simply carrying medicine for the military, for my own, for example, students, combat medics , who mobilized. to various divisions and to various medical institutions, and on the way from kharkiv to colleagues called me and asked me how to help people in kharkiv, conversation after conversation, i say, not only people in

kharkiv need help, vasylkiv also needs help, but i forgot, my first experience was chernobyl, i completely forgot, yes, it was chernobyl, it was... immediately kharkiv was occupied, it was the de-occupied kyiv region, it was our entire kyiv region de-occupied, it was the first experience when we were together with our guys from the territorial defense, today was de-occupation, tomorrow we stopped by and boyarka, and borodyanka and irpin, and the entire zhytomyr circuit, and then there was kharkiv, right? directly, and then there was already kharkiv, and then kharkiv region, zaporizhia region, donnet region began, well, it went on like that, is it possible to somehow describe all the sights of the city, village, where you come with the group, and what

you see there most often, everything depends on when it was, whether it was, for example, the 22nd year, the 23rd year, or it was... the 24th year, the situation was a little different, well, for me , i was greatly influenced by that i saw right after deoccupation of the entire kharkiv region, because we had such an opportunity, together with the military, we were the first to stop by, that is, people had not yet seen doctors, psychologists, someone to talk to after the decapitation, we are now used to all these personnel, the destroyed infrastructure was very impressive, destroyed hospitals, all medical facilities, it doesn't matter... dispensary, hospital, kindergartens and schools,

well, of course destroyed, there were some cities that were destroyed, villages by 90%, well, they often talk about that which is looted literally hospitals, so you can say that all the equipment is taken away, even the beds , almost everything was taken away when we visited the hospital, maybe it was still small. walls, but inside it was destroyed, it was burned, and you could see that it was all being taken away, well, plus - the first torture chambers, which no one has talked about yet, for example, i know that my son, who also traveled with me, he , as a photographer, a volunteer, he took photos of the first torture chambers that became, which... became known in kharkiv oblast, and this was very impressive, because

it was not just the walls, everyone saw these photos, everyone understands what was inside, and back then we didn't talk about such things, but women, women who were sexually assaulted, women who were pregnant as a result of this sexual assault, children who, in front of whom a family member died as a result of shelling, or a sniper shot, children who became adults, children who did not look their age, both physically and mentally, and who worried about their own grandparents , people who lived because the occupation was different, it... was long, if we are talking about donetsk region, it was longer than kharkiv oblast, i.e. people who lived in

dilapidated houses, people who lived and continue to live, for example, in the destroyed hospital in siversk, into which we have been, we have lost count, eight or nine times, i was very impressed by this, because there is a cemetery on the territory of that hospital, it is the cemetery of the medical workers who worked there, who died during one of the shellings, when i am in siverska, i definitely go there in order not to forget, it is very difficult, and for sure we will never be able to forget it, most often what do you talk about with these people, what words do you choose and what do they say, well, we come first of all as doctors, that's why we talk, yes, we talk about health, about what happened. what bothers me, and how were they, how

are they, since we have such a problem of returning to the place in which we have already been, so i already have my patients, and they are already waiting for the return of the doctor, they tell how they perform prescription or how they take their medicine, that's where people take their medicine as prescribed and they wait... when the doctor will return, and i know, oksana, that after you probably saw everything, this is all the horror you are talking about, you went to school and started studying to be a psychologist, yes, yes, yes, well, about this is what i thought before, but somehow i didn't find time, but i was really impressed by the children, it was in zaporizhzhia, they were children from... occupied territories, adolescent children, in whom i, as a doctor, a pediatrician, at the reception, found suicidal

thoughts, inclinations, it was more than one child, and so it affected me very tremendously, me passed the message to a psychologist, but thought that i lacked knowledge, despite the fact that i have spent many years of my life working with children, with their parents, in order to... maybe not enough, yes, that i need more knowledge in order to help, provide self-psychological help, both to children and adults. well, it is probably worth giving some advice to all those people who are watching us now, who live in the de-occupied territories, and i just remember one private conversation we had with you, when we talked about the fact that both adults and children, they they have, let's say, not very strong, so

to speak, health, and there are neglected diseases, and they can be... allowed to be not only because of the war, but because before a person did not take care of his health, that's what happened that there is a war, and perhaps there was no way to treat some chronic diseases, what can you advise, which after everything that you saw, to choose words in order to address people, well, i want to say first of all that you should remember to remember that you are not alone, that the whole country supports you, is enough there are many volunteer organizations, both ukrainian and international, that come to the de-occupied territories on the front-line territory and provide various types of medical assistance, and this is done on a regular basis, there are organizations that have ukrainian doctors, there are, for example, like our organization, where

doctors from israel volunteer and come and return with us. from the united states of america, germany, from various countries. and it supports us and gives us inspiration. for example, yesterday, ah, one of my friends from the united states of america, who came to conduct regular trainings in tactical medicine free of charge for our students and for volunteers, and for applicants, for all those who wish, he tells me not to forget. that you are my family, i have known this person since the 22nd year, and this is really important, because i understand that this is real, but do not forget that ukraine is my one single big family, and that is why you are hurting, we are hurting, you are being shot at, we are also being shot at, we are on

the same wavelength, if someone comes across... maybe with some other opinion, well, you, what about you to tell that people are in different psychological states, and that is why there may be such a reaction of stress, was there any such story in these de-occupied territories, where exactly did you come, that struck you, and maybe it is in front of your eyes, you remember it and until now, and this is always, it is called if... you always have to find, no matter how many adult children you have seen in one visit, you always have to find at least one person whom you really helped and whom you saved, that is, or it was an undiagnosed, he still could was not assigned to the war, because it was either mistakenly assigned, the same could be the case, and

you figured it out, made the correct diagnosis, accordingly correctly. referred, if necessary , to an examination, prescribed the correct treatment, and the child or adult recovered, it could be, well, for example, tell me who, who it was, who is interesting to hear about this and this constantly, it is in every trip, well, for example , in the kharkiv region, it was a boy who at the age of 12 weighed about 140 kg, boy, yes, my mother is small, thin, fragile. and i'm very glad that she was still able to bring him because he resisted, he didn't want to, well, we just had a neurologist and a psychiatrist at the appointment at the same time, we took a comprehensive look at him together, i looked over all the documents that my mother brought, er, i

explain to her that in general we are talking about a disease, a violation of the metabolic cycle. found an extract, i say, that’s what the geneticist told you, well, i’m saying, look, she’s talking, frankly, i didn’t get there, because the diagnosis was made literally before the war, i’m talking in kharkiv, beautiful genetics doctors, a medical center, my mother still got there, he began to receive proper treatment and began, well, to lose weight. that is, the quality of his life is much better, the main thing is that he is diagnosed and treated. how is it possible and where can it be taken? how much energy do you have to work at several jobs, even in your free time, which, as i understand it, there is no, this is how i show free time, because i understand that

there is no free time at all, and to study, i know that you still and learn the german language at the same time on courses, and travel to the de-occupied territories, as well, where do you find all the time and the first inspiration for this, because i know that many ukrainians lack this right now in... they give up when we read the news, when we understand that our strength is running out, i just think that everyone must do what he knows best, i know how to heal best, so in this way i bring our victory closer, that is , it gives you strength when you understand that you are doing what you love, this is specific to me. contribution, this is my concrete help, and this is my clear conscience, my heart, my soul, and that's what gives me the right to look into the eyes

of our defenders and defenders, my students who are fighting, who are coming back, uh, so that's what, i think, inspires, are there any more doctors who would... well which, let 's say, is correct, do we still need doctors in order to make such trips? well, the more doctors there are, the more it will be, accordingly, but not only doctors, yes, medicines must also be brought here, i.e. not only examine the person, the person must be given medicine, it must be made sure that the person understands how to take the medicine , she will their... to have and give medicine should be calculated so that it will be before the next arrival, therefore, according to the doctors, the more doctors, the more

territories will be under supervision, the more people can receive a qualified one, because doctors of various specialties are already traveling, these specialists are very high levels, qualified medical to... help, i know that your students drive, so it is for them too, as such, let's say, the experience they get, and what they say, but i understand that they are very young people, it can be there students of the first, second, third-year students, and seniors, yes, and most often what they say after these trips is very important, because... they see, well, first of all, it educates them, a citizen, yes, a person with an active

position in life , patriot, heroes, guys, girls who protect with weapons, heroes are also those who provide help of various kinds, well, in my opinion, heroes are people who donate money, that is, all of us. hero, they see the realities, they see how important the profession of a doctor is, how difficult it is, how many skills you need to have, well now it is called such a modern word of competences, yes, that is, how professional you need to be in order to still be able to look like this and make a diagnosis, that is, for them it is a huge professional experience, for them it is... communication experience, they communicate perfectly with people , and people need it, especially if there are grandparents, they are often treated like their grandchildren or

great-grandchildren, that is, psychological help also comes here, they learn to work in a team, that is, to be a doctor’s assistant, to be an administrator who will accept a large amount people, people don't always come with a positive attitude, many can come with a negative attitude, something, the medicine has run out, the queue is long, they don't want to stand, they can't, they don't have the strength, it all teaches sociability, flexibility, it teaches the so -called hard and, skills , that is, it teaches, first of all, to be a good specialist, and if you ride together, or teachers ride together, it forms a culture of respect in general. to each other, i know there are stories like that where you found people who needed

surgery there. so who needed help which you cannot provide there on the spot, and you transported this person with your group, you helped to get settled, you can tell about such stories, quite a lot, we have almost every departure, it is one or two cases when a person needed surgical intervention right in this day, we, since we always have a fast one, we then. they took it to different places, including to kharkiv, to kuping, to kramatorsk, to medical institutions where there were doctors who could perform one or another type of surgery, very often our patients, well, for example, i arranged and they are they came to ahmadyt, a national children's specialized hospital, because they needed help, high-quality surgery there.

complicated and quite a few children were operated on during this time by bohmaditya. what are the main health problems faced by people in the de-occupied territories, what diseases do you most often encounter? if it is adults, first of all, arterial hypertension, i.e. high blood pressure. in second place - neurology, we. why are these all consequences of stress, very often it goes, goes sugar diabetes, the second type, and unfortunately, part of it is the first discovered, it is related to stress, plus the peculiarities of nutrition, because especially at the beginning we remember what people ate, what was, that if we we are talking about adults, who can still be.

i have seen quite a lot of verrucous enlargement of the lower extremities, there can be trophic ulcers, and if we are talking about children, and if we are talking about children, then in children, if we are talking about acute diseases, no, well, acute, yes, seasonally there are colds, even scarlet fever put, there was even a case when infectious mononucleosis was put on measles, but not often, that is , in most cases it goes to children... or diabetes, first detected, yes, against the background of the same stress and diet, or, for example, more often after all, it is the joint-bone system, it is either scoliosis, various, well, different disorders, postures, or such pain syndromes, that is, they have pain, pain in the hands, pain in

the muscles, pain in the joints, that is, myalgia. well, does this mean that most people in the occupied territories need a psychologist? perhaps a doctor, yes, who will deal with them, they need psychological support, because these are people who are in such a zone of constant shelling, a constant threat to their immediate life, the life of their relatives... loss of home, loss of loved ones, this is a chronic stress, and not just stress is so equal, but every shelling, every arrival, it is very difficult to perceive, so yes, absolutely, yes, they learned, but they need, sleep disorders, that is, about such things, cognitive disorders, disorders in the first place sleep, this is both in children and adults, anxiety.

or increased crying, also in children in adults, in children tics have returned, that is , such jerks, or, for example, such sensations, such sounds: mom thinks that a runny nose or cough is a cold, it turns out that it is of a nervous nature, in children i even saw and showed her students a boy with tourette's syndrome, these are so generalized. these are motor, vocal, and whole body, moreover, i also saw in adults, in adults, due to constant attacks, that is, the consequences of acobarotrauma, yes, that is, contusions, to put it more clearly, it is a headache, which is constant, periodically it gets even worse, it's ringing in the ears, dizziness, such a feeling...