to do so that this does not happen, to say or do something, well, or maybe i also thought about this, that it is better to die with dignity than to be raped there by the occupier, well, these are some moments, daria lived with these thoughts for a certain time, work with a psychologist and the community of sam ukraine women, their experience, helped to rehabilitate. russian military and troops under their control have been committing sexual violence since 2014. it's not just about rape. international and ukrainian organizations recorded cases when russian soldiers imprisoned, forcibly stripped women, connected electricity to their genitals, threatened to rape their relatives or forced them to watch it. it's never about the satisfaction of sexual passion, it's about establishing power. it's about imposing

a certain ideology in such a terrible way, that is, it's always about the fact that when an empire comes to a certain territory, the cheapest, sorry for the word, but the cheapest way to subjugate an unruly people and bring them into one single trajectory with a great empire, that's it the use of sexual violence against the enemy, against family members, and against the surviving civilian population. in the occupied territories. a separate department dealing only with the investigation of sexual crimes in the office of the attorney general was created after the start of the full-scale war. i came here in 2015 and did not notice that public organizations or the prosecutor general's office were dealing with sexual violence issues. when i advised the attorney general's office to have a gender policy. which would cover the issues

of sexual violence and its investigation, i was told that ukraine does not need it. sexual violence is always present in conflicts, the question is always its nature, scale and how often it happens. wayne jordaj, a specialist in international humanitarian law, served as a lawyer at the tribunals for yugoslavia, rwanda and the special court for sierra leone. since 2022, jordaj and his colleagues have been advising ukrainian prosecutors and helping to improve the system of investigations into sexual crimes. during this time, two servicemen received sentences for crimes of sexual violence. 42 - suspicions in absentia, ten of whom are soldiers of the 37th brigade, in which nadbit dabaev served. the true scale of the war crimes

committed by the soldiers of this brigade is much greater. from the announced suspicions, it is known that servicemen of the 37th brigade threatened to kill civilians, shot cars in which people were traveling, threatened with weapons, took prisoners, tortured, killed, simulated shootings and executions, put a gun to the temple and shot in the face, robbed and ordered to rob houses, shoot at windows. for these crimes, the law enforcement officers announced suspicions in absentia to the soldiers of the 37th brigade 44. we see a certain systematicity. we already saw it when we left for the de-occupied territories. we saw that it wasn't, you know, how at first everyone thought that it was some unit of crazy people, yes, someone put on them, as they say in our people, a fog, a dope, but they saw it, excuse me. "how everything is beautiful here,

how much everything is here, and it must be destroyed." we realized that it was a clear, clear planning of all this even before they entered a certain territory, that is, they already had a clear plan, who should do what, and when they enter and occupy the territory, how they should treat the civilian population in order to show that russia has come here for good, a few of mine. they said that when a sexual crime had already been committed against them, the phones of these soldiers received calls from commanders who said: yes, that's it, come back, stop having fun. there is a concept of team responsibility in international law. it means that the commanders will be prosecuted responsibility for the crimes of his subordinates. this applies in particular to cases where the military has committed crimes with the tacit consent of commanders, as well as when the commander... knows

or anticipates violations by subordinates. in ukrainian legislation, there is no principle of command responsibility, although law enforcement officers can use complicity to assess the actions of commanders. however, it is. the situation does not allow the commanders to be fully held accountable for the international crime they committed. international criminal law has developed models legal responsibility, which are more in line with how these crimes occur during wartime. how does a commander commit a crime? as a rule, the commander does not commit a crime by giving an order to commit it. the commander develops and implements approaches. these approaches lead to crimes, and the commander, aware that these approaches lead to crimes, does nothing to change them. this is how cases are built against commanders who command remotely. that is why it is so difficult. if

you are lucky, you will have a commander who gave clear orders. go and rape these women, go and kill these men, go and take away these children. but in many cases. you won't find a direct order, because that's not how crimes happen, so you have to build a picture based on circumstantial evidence, through approaches. once that's done, you look at the specific commander and the contribution he made to those approaches. we established a hierarchy of command in the 37th motorized rifle brigade, where dabaev served. the direct commander of dabaev's motorized rifle platoon. was senior lieutenant denis burganov. on march 15, he was found injured on the territory of kyiv region. there were reports that borganov had died. according to our information, his social networks are active. company commander was captain vladyslav

khurchuev. he is alive and publishes photos from combat operations in his social networks. lieutenant colonel dmitry shabaev, one of those who allegedly planned the occupation of kyiv, commanded the battalion. region after the death of one of his subordinates, he allegedly filed a report to be awarded the highest military award for his participation in the occupation of kyiv region. the 37th brigade was headed by colonel yuriy medvidev. at the beginning of march 2022, when the troops were occupying the kyiv region, medvedev was wounded. the international media reported that medvedev had died, but two months later the colonel had a say in the victory day parade in buryatia. it was more difficult to establish a hierarchy of responsibility in the case of servicemen who occupied the kherson region. the so-called mobilization reserve regiments were formed in the occupied donetsk region shortly before the full-scale

offensive. according to the ukrainian general staff, only 5 to 10% of these troops formations had combat experience. they were controlled by the russians. officers the collected evidence indicates that the 109th motorized rifle regiment, which included mykola sinenko, with the winter blue, could be under the control of the 11th airborne assault brigade of the russian federation. she had an elite status among the russian troops. its positions were located in the neighboring village of krasnivka, kochubeivka. the servicemen of the 19th regiment sent sinyi there after the rape. and there they took the marina. for questioning, he was conducted by a military man who probably had a leadership position in the brigade, he asked me how it happened, why did it happen, under what circumstances, then he says, come with

me, we went to another office, there was such a healthy office, there a healthy table is so long, he removed such documents there, he says undress. i'm like that, i don't know, i'm standing in shock, i'm crying, i'm hysterical, i don't know what to do, i'm already thinking, i'm always being beaten up again, and i'm sure i won't survive it, so i'll do something with myself, there were such thoughts, the serviceman stopped, he called the threats rape. psychological a trick, allegedly in this way checking whether marina was telling the truth. we established that the soldier who interrogated marina had a circassian call sign, but we could not identify him. instead, they found out that

the 11th brigade was commanded by colonel denis shishov, who later became a major general. according to information from the ministry of defense of russia, shishov has been fighting since the first days of a full-scale war. participated in the capture of the ukrainian south, was wounded in the head, after which he continued to fight. in march of this year in the office of the supreme of the un commissioner for human rights, published a thematic report. organization. did not record a single case of investigation of sexual violence as a war crime in russia, wherever we worked, people said that when, for example, they were sexually abused, even in cases where children were raped, they turned to the occupation administration at that time, informed the russians that, how could it be, they raped a minor there. and their teams didn't do anything, that is, well, write us a statement, we'll figure it out,

all. the teams of the 11th airborne assault and 37th motorized rifle brigades of shishov and medvedi in 2022 received awards. shishov is a hero of russia. medvedev - order of courage. these are among the highest state awards in russia. while the serviceman of the 37th brigade nadbit dabaev was in ukraine, his girlfriend tatiana was expecting a child. in june 2022, the couple got married, and two months later, in august, their son arsalan was born in the city of ulanode in buryatia. mykola synenko, a soldier from the 109th regiment with the call sign blue, according to information from

of his comrades in arms is in the city of horlivka, in the occupied donetsk region. to be honest, i can only calculate what is provided by the criminal code, then the sanction is the maximum, it is probably somewhere up to 12-14 years, it will also depend on the degree of severity. injuries that were inflicted on the victims, for me, you know, there is such a word victim, yes, which is even very often used in our country, there is a victim of sexual violence, and there are those who survived, having survived, for me they are all those who definitely won, and i fixate on exactly this, that this person she has already managed, she was able to... either submit a statement, declare it, or yes, tell someone, even me, she was able to live this

part, well, this pain in herself, and therefore for me every story of this woman, this boy , who got out of captivity there, is a story of victory. we still don't know. true scale of sexual violence, which the russian military resorted to in ukraine, some voices we will never hear again, some will speak years later, there are still those who are unlikely to ever tell their story out loud, meaning he appeared, you have to live for him, he can't do it without me, i... it's my dream to have a house, and it will be all in flowers, i just love flowers, and i want to

dogs, and cats, wants a lot, i am now considering several options, how i can show that. that i have lived in some creative field, maybe it will be some paintings, maybe some video format, but now i am looking for some form that i can convey it, well , if only without words, that is, through art, and i can honestly say that i am very often want to hide somewhere and just do nothing, i don't know, just read a book and that's all, well, that is , the psyche works in such a way that you just want to hide and isolate yourself from the world. but i understand that in reality you need to act, you need

to show what you are experiencing, because we are all social persons, and it is necessary to express it somehow.

i welcome you to the espresso tv channel. special issue of the urban development reconstruction program. my name is lesya vakulyuk. and in this project, we will objectively discuss the situation of restoration of residential buildings and objects infrastructure in different regions of ukraine. in this way, we want to raise citizens' awareness of their rights and opportunities related to renewable initiatives, as well as create a platform for exchange. experience and ideas, we really hope that this will help improve the conditions for recovery and development of each individual region, as well as unite the entire country in the recovery process. and today in our special issue we will talk about the reconstruction of the de-occupied cities of the kyiv region. the guest of our program is ruslan nychyk, the chief recovery services in the kyiv region. mr.

ruslan, i congratulate you. yes, good afternoon, very nice. and i want to offer you. before we move on to our conversation, let 's watch together the material of our correspondent dmytro didora about how irpin, irpin and bucha are being rebuilt. we were very scared, because there were many tanks, they passed our windows, and we were afraid to even go out on the balcony. zinaida anatolyivna tells us about the beginning of a full-scale war. a woman and her husband live in buta. the first weeks when the russians were actively advancing towards the capital, the couple was at home, the woman well remembered how the invaders killed the inhabitants of the town and destroyed everything around. it was very cold, and as we lay down, we covered ourselves and it started to bomb, and we got up, sat down in the corridors, because we were afraid that

the house would collapse, so we were already hiding here in the hallway. in corridor. the house of zinaida anatoliivna on yablunska was also damaged. it was a direct flight, several floors and more than 10 apartments burned down. the windows in her apartment were broken. currently, the building is undergoing a major overhaul renovation, elevators and elevator equipment were completely replaced, the facade of the building was renovated and all windows were replaced. now, when they have been installed, we can already compare what is nowhere. nothing is running , water, rains that came, nothing leaked anywhere, the guys did a good job, conscientious, the work will continue until october of this year, the current year, at the moment the work is completed by 70 to 80 percent. more than 2,500 objects were destroyed or damaged by the russian occupiers in bucha, in general, the damage to the city was estimated

at more than uah 5 billion. now a state agency restoration. and infrastructure development of ukraine is engaged in the reconstruction of two objects in the city, one of them is a building on borys hmyri street, which was almost completely destroyed by a direct shell hit. here, the builders need to restore the entire section of the building, they say, the work is progressing briskly. yes, we literally did it in 10 days, insulated 280 squares. i think we are working fast enough. by now we can already see that it has been completely expelled. well , the five-story box is undergoing internal work and work with insulation of facades. in the neighboring city of irpin , more than a thousand buildings were damaged. the agency is currently rebuilding here. objects, one of the buildings is already completely ready, the works lasted 8 months and cost 61 million hryvnias. two apartments were completely destroyed, these two

apartments were restored, the whole building was completely heat-sanitized, all engineering networks were replaced, on the first floor, to the apartments, in the first entrance to the apartments. people refused to replace the engineering networks, the second entrance was completely replaced by the central heating system, the heating system, in the basement, all engineering networks were replaced, the elevators were replaced, and the entrances were completely decorated, already in the building, and the windows were replaced. about 100,000 people live in buchi and irpin. during the hostilities, the russians damaged many infrastructure facilities here. which connected irpin with kyiv at the beginning of the great war was blown up by our defense forces in order to stop the advance of enemy equipment. due to the already destroyed

crossing here, in early march 2022 , local residents fled from the occupation. they decided to leave the destroyed bridge as a memory of the tragic events of the beginning of the great war, and a new one was built next to it. the state agency for reconstruction and development involved a turkish company in the construction of this bridge. onur, in almost a little more than a year, we already built this bridge, and last year, in november , we already opened traffic on it, that is , it was fully launched, at the moment , work on the installation of communications is still underway, and by the end of february we plan already fully surrender this object. in 2024 , 106 facilities are planned to be restored in the kyiv region for the amount in over uah 3 billion. in particular , 18 high-rise buildings, five will be overhauled schools and one stadium. dmytro didora, oleg

palyamar, espresso tv channel. so, we talk in more detail about the reconstruction of kyiv region with ruslan nychyk, head of the reconstruction service in kyiv region. mr. ruslan, actually, how many objects within your competence are you currently restoring in the kyiv region after. for how they were destroyed by the russians and in which settlements? yes, good afternoon once again, work is currently underway on almost 50 objects that are being carried out in the kyiv region, this is separately the restoration of the city of borodyanka, irpin, bucha, and well, adjacent territories where which were de-occupied, which were occupied, eh, when do you plan to finish? these works? we plan to complete almost all works by the end of this current year. ugh. how many local

self-government bodies are included in the reconstruction process? yes, we really fruitfully work with the local self-government bodies, with the kyiv regional military administration, that is, when the reconstruction process began, we... we did the survey together, there was, there was also a procedure that allowed us, well, uh, according to which we chose objects, and approved the objects, that is, we each movement is a joint movement that takes place on reconstruction, uh, you say that we selected objects, how is this selection done, eh, local self-government bodies, uh, well, they conduct an examination objects are chosen, for example, to date , only the first stage of reconstruction has been approved, then they transfer these objects to the kyiv regional

military administration, which in turn approves and forwards to the ministry for consideration by the commission, after which the commission considers all these objects, evaluates the funding that is currently available. asserts and conveys already before the service of the restoration agency, what problems and challenges do people who apply for their housing to be restored, what problems and challenges do they most often face? well , the main problems are during the period when the de-occupation was already in place, they did an inspection of the zoned housing, and in some and many apartments there was no access at the time of this inspection, i.e. later, when people returned, they already gave access , there were different cases,

for example, some... then refused to repair and people wanted to stand in line, there is a queue for restoration, well, compensation, in monetary compensation, ugh, and there are many such people who refused restoration for the sake of this compensation, not very many, this there are tens of square meters, well, there are 10, 15 apartments, it ’s very little, well, the main one is like this... the mass is, of course, they want to be rebuilt as it was, i understand that these are the ones who applied, those whose throat was completely destroyed, yes, how the tender procedure and selection takes place the contractor, well, there are two options, according to which the restoration service worked, this is the first option, it is when the local

self-government body develops the design to... documents is handed over to the service, the service examines whether everything has been done in accordance with the current legislation in accordance with all building standards , then we wait for financing for this object, after which we announce a tender, choose the cheapest offer and sign the contract, well, when there were tender offers for almost all objects, this is a savings of 15-20. interest from the prime cost project documentation, that is, for each object, there is such an essential economy , or are you facing such difficulties that it is actually more difficult to find a contractor due to the fact that we know that, as a rule, men work mostly in construction, and we we have a mobilization, we have a war, that's all

for today. day is a big problem, because there is a mobilization of contracting organizations, well , employees of the contracting organization, that is , the ccc can visit the construction site, issue summonses to people, well, that is problem, but we help some contracting organizations there with the issue of booking, that is , well, we are moving, are there any? the professions that are most lacking now are construction, i mean, no, so that, well, directly, there are no such, in general, it’s just, eh, construction materials that were, well, somewhere in ukraine, in one region, there were i don't know, clay, somewhere, somewhere tiles were produced, er, somewhere else some other building materials, and now we have part of the territories occupied, on

part of the territories. ongoing hostilities, or that actually affected the prices and the construction materials market that is currently present in ukraine, is it necessary or are there any materials that have to be imported from other countries? er, there are almost no materials that we involve in reconstruction, that is, the preference is of course for materials that are produced in ukraine, if, for example, there is a plant for the production of materials in... in the occupied territory, we are looking for what, what is , that is, we give preference to, well, ukrainian materials of our ukrainian production. i thank you, mr. ruslan, for the conversation, the audience let me remind you that it was ruslan nychyk, the head of the recovery service in the kyiv region. and we continue to talk about reconstruction, we include the mayor of irpen, oleksandr markushin, on our air. mr. alexander, i congratulate you. good day. please tell me.

how is the reconstruction of destroyed houses in irpen progressing? well, today we rebuild high-rise buildings according to various programs, carry out major repairs, this is of course from the fund for the elimination of the consequences of armed aggression, er, we build high-rise buildings, repair according to united 24, in the same way, work has started on our central stadium, andriy shevchenko is the ambassador of these fundraising efforts, the funds have been collected, united 24 has announced a tender, carried out, and now the work is already underway, plus we have various other programs, for example , the international organization of migration has already repaired one multi-story building, now.