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the espresso tv channel, my name is lesya vakulyuk and we are continuing on the espresso tv channel the series of interviews with people who make ukraine better, today i am a guest of a person who makes ukraine better in two ways, in the historical plane and in the plane , when himself with writes the present history with a weapon in hand. volodymyr birchak, volodya for me, because i know volodya a little longer, when i asked. to introduce you, volodya answered me: you can simply be a sergeant of the armed forces of ukraine, but from civilian life, a historian, archivist, head of academic programs of the center for the study of the liberation movement, you can also mention that the editor of historical truth, if not too much, i believe that not too much, and there are still many different pages from your life, which we will remember today, and i also want to tell our viewers that he actually knows volodya so closely from the summer of 2021, until the full-scale invasion is left... a little more than six months and we just

worked with volodya on the same documentary project 10 days of independence, where i was one of the screenwriters, and volodya was my consultant, and in fact... i explained that and to what, how everything happened over the last 100 years in the history of ukraine and why we chose these 10 days of independence, because these are the days when ukrainians gained independence and statehood over the centuries, but then something, something happened in our stories, and the gaining of independence did not end in the 91st year, and now you, my lord, are literally choosing our 11th day of independence. did you, as a historian, foresee and know that you would have to go to war? well, actually yes, actually yes, that is , i was preparing myself for a full-scale conflict, and actually i was preparing my relatives and friends that

it is most likely inevitable, and that is, i am not the only one, i am not unique in this , i know a lot of my brothers who analyzed the international situation. which analyzed the things that country 404 does, can we call it that today, so as not to talk like a volon de morda, ah, that this all leads to a full-scale conflict, after all, you very aptly mentioned this documentary series that we worked on for 10 days of independence, and viewers of espresso, as far as i know, had a chance to watch it, it can still be watched on youtube, absolutely, absolutely, and simply, if we analyze it. the history of the 20th century, actually the ukrainian 20th century, the struggle of ukrainians and ukraine for its independence, we will see that the one that is on a full scale, well that is, the war that began in the 14th year, which we now call the modern russian-ukrainian war, it obviously

began much earlier in the 20th century, and it is already such a full-scale stage or a full-scale cycle, it was inevitable, and maybe we will touch on it somewhere more... the question in today's conversation, this is a very important question for understanding that you can never trust russia, you can never believe in any ephemeral peaces or truces that russia offers you, and at the same time you can't admire russia's democracy , why i am about i am saying this, in fact, i am once again appealing to our series, when we were preparing a series... just about its independence day and later about the referendum, there was once such a president in the russian federation, whose name was boris yeltsin, and the world admired him, because he is a democrat, that's another thing, but if we look

at the press of that time, the great democrat yeltsin at the beginning of 1992 already began to openly threaten the state of ukraine that if it does not get rid of its nuclear status, then he will make a pre-emptive nuclear strike on ukraine, and and this the year 1992, that is, the great democrat yeltsin threatens the neighboring already independent state that he will strike with nuclear weapons if it does not comply with his protections, and this is generally the entire history of russia, and the history of russia and its relations with ukraine, i.e. this fail state that exists on the north-eastern border with us, they will never... come to terms with our independence, they will never come to terms with our independence, so if you fast forward a little bit, you celebrated the 11th day of independence, actually this 11th day of independence, it will either take place in us or

in my opinion, in my personal opinion, or we will cease to exist as such, uh, if the orange revolution or the revolution of dignity, "those were our days of independence and our victories, and we obviously could have lost them, well there were actually different factors , which contributed to the fact that we can lose, but then we still had some perspective, well, that is, we can only remain there as ukraine, and well, we will be, i repeat, another failed state like belarus, which, unfortunately, is its self-proclaimed dictator now is is what they are." but we won then now it is no longer a question of whether we will remain as some ephemeral ukraine, in fact the question is whether we will exist or not exist as such, and therefore this day will either happen, it will truly be the day of independence and the day of our victory,

or we will cease to exist, i very often analyze these things that happened in the 20th century, i worked a lot at the time. in the archive of the sbu in various positions, for about six years, my last position there, i was the deputy director of the archive of the sbu, galuzevo the state archives of the sbu, and now during... my treatment, because i am on medical leave due to a combat injury, and i remembered that in a previous life, before the full-scale invasion, i was a historian and started working on a book, now, and again, i am twisting the materials i wrote before, i am raising new ones, and again i am raising the documents of the nkvd, mgb, kgb, and they are very illustrative, because they very clearly show what is wrong with us. maybe if we lose, and this is conditional, as, say, with an effective one

the army of the ukrainian people's republic or, as the soviet special service called them with the petliurivtsi, and this is the vast majority of the personnel of the army, i mean now the armed forces of ukraine, will be physically eliminated, even if not on the battlefield, then later hunted down and eliminated by the special services, a large part of ukrainians, who fought for independence in other armed ways, i mean ukrainians who help, who volunteer, who donate, who hurt ukraine, they, respectively, as supporters, as the soviets called it , of the ukrainian counter-revolution, yes, that is as supporters of, let's say, the ukrainian people's republic there, they will be convicted and sent to siberia, but there will actually be that part of the collaborators and that part of the pochekuns or zhduns who, unfortunately, still exist in ukraine and until now. there are, moreover, there are in different parts of ukraine, like here in lviv, where we are currently having a conversation, or in odesa, or in kyiv,

or in kharkiv, that is, i do not want to say that our prospects are sad, because we are now an independent country that has a fairly strong and professional army, ah, which is helped by the west, and we have a chance to win this war, just in order for us to win this war, this war must become a people's war, it must not be a... a war of units, it must be a war of the majority, when i speak of a people's war, that is it's not just that there is somewhere, we, you know, as it happened, unfortunately, somewhere in 2016, 17, 18, when news from the ato zone, and then from the zone of operation of the united forces, we have already gone through a decline, decline, decline, well, somewhere there are some guys and girls, somewhere east with someone. they fight over there, it's okay here, we have it here life, but i have nothing against a peaceful

life, even though i am a soldier, but a peaceful life, it is a peaceful life, it is good, because you can actually go on vacation to a peaceful city, where your wife is waiting for you , or your beloved or your mother and spend those 10 or 15 days of vacation there, but this war should not go astray, and it should never be forgotten, but in civilian life, in fact, when it will be popular, when... the people will fight, then we will be able to win, and on february 24, 22, it looked like a people's day, everyone then mobilized, what kind of day was your february 24th, oh, i had a very funny one, well, i don’t want to look like a clown, of course it wasn’t a funny day, not a funny day at all, but it started interestingly for me, that is, i was something i had a premonition, and we had a meeting with the director there in the evening... sdvr, we were supposed to make a presentation of one book there, and i said: "listen, it's all good what we're planning, but

it seems to me that from day to day it will start , and i will not be in this event, but they convinced me that nothing will start, well , and then i sat down in the middle of the night to finish book, at that time my colleague from the institute of history of ukraine, national academy of sciences, tetyana pastushenko, we were working on a book about the sredsk security police camp of the 1st sd, well, that is, our... camp on the territory, on the territory of kyiv, which existed from 1941 to 1943, and where many people were actually murdered by the nazis, and we were working on a collection of documents commissioned by the university of jerusalem, that’s why i mentioned it for a reason, because putin came to denazify us, and i was sitting, working on a collection of documents about the nazi camp, well i don't know if he knew about it, i guess he didn't know, so i was somewhere... i was working, it's true, somewhere until 1:40, and then i simply fell asleep on the computer, well, that is, the beginning

of a full-scale sleepover, and i was woken up by my good friend from the states, this guy bohdan gavraliuk, he is from the organization for the defense of the four freedoms of ukraine, and he called me, i was sleepy, i picked up the phone, i said what happened, he said, you have a war, i said, i’m either sleeping , or something seems to me, he says, the war, go to the news, but then i went to ukrpravda and saw that a full-scale war had really begun. invasion, well, and then everything turned around, by the army, not by the army, the territorial center of recruitment and social support (tcc), better known, distribution, the first, the first month is the defense of the ternopil airport, i was anti-aircraft calculation, banally speaking, not to call the full the full name, after that, after that, it is a company of counter-sabotage, later a company

of intelligence, well, and then already from the summer of 22, it is without... the front participation on the line of combat collision is donbas, the north of donbas, the izyum direction , later the south kharkiv oblast, then the kharkiv counteroffensive, then kupyansk, and now sumy oblast. it's a long way from ternopil, 1200 km, uh, you're currently recovering, yes, recovering from a wound, a combat injury, yes, well, it, it. it's called a combat injury, but somehow, well, we like to joke with our comrades, once it happened, he jumped and broke his knee, well, it happens, yes, he just jumped like that or saved his life after all, we conducted measures to mine positions, and on sorry, we were, you can use slang,

she burned us, you can use slang, you can use slang, okay, maybe, we were burned by orcs. that orc hall, well, this is their reconnaissance drone, and after that, after they saw us, a mortar shelling started from their territory, and we had to urgently take a position below the ground, there is such a position below the ground, and i was in this ammunition, unsuccessfully jumped somewhere from a height of 3 m, well, that's how it turned out, that's how this injury was - this is the first kind of trauma, this is already the second, the second, eh, and that's it, everything is in my... luck on mines, all the same 82nd, because there was also an 82nd near kupyansk, but she hit the wall of the dugout above my head, and here there was this one, there was also, well, such a scratch, as the guys say, uh, guys who are with you, did any of them have a question for you, or such a question with

a claim, as if to a historian, they say, if you knew that there was going to be a war, why didn't you warn, or why didn't you... who didn't warn all of us, no, well, we warned, well, the truth is, i'm asking whether people taketa, i even, i can even reset from such, where we warned about this, no, the guys did not ask such a thing, well here, here probably there is, well, i won't reveal any big secret, here there is, as i see it in ukrainian society, and among my brothers and sisters, there is such a certain question somewhere, probably... to the authorities, that is, that for a certain period it was going on in principle, like this hollywood film with leo decaprio, don't look up, that is, don't look up, yes, it was a dangerous tactic, indeed many did not believe what would happen, but everything pointed to it, and our western partners pointed on the other hand, guys don't have such questions, we are there when someone has time and mood, then we talk about others

we talk about historical questions, but what interests people who... are in the trenches with you, who are shoulder to shoulder with you, but they do not have a historical education, what interests them, is it stories, is it from the history of ukraine? eh, i apologize, well , here it depends, that is, someone is interesting, well , my brother actually fights in the same platoon with me, he is a historian and graduated from the same faculty as me, well, that is, he and i sometimes stick our tongues, then we can talk for a long time , but not only about history, there are also about international relations and other things, it depends on who what... he has a request, well, that is, my platoon leader, he is interested in history, and when it was more or less quiet in our positions there, well, near kupyansk, it is always comparatively more or less quiet, but when you can i was there at the sp to talk to myself a little, so he was always asking questions there, and tell me about this, and tell me about that, and tell me about that, well

, then he even told the commander of the department in which i was, now he is my brother-in-law, because we are two unit commanders. well, even then he was a twin, so he even told him, he says: yes, i did not understand, but why do i have night shift is not together with the flap, he says, why did you move me, well, i have a call sign flap, he says, why did you move me, we even found out why he is like that, he says, why did you move me, the flap and i talk about history at night , and you transferred me, he says no, no, put me back on duty with him, and even this one, there are different, there are different stories, that is, mainly the boys have a request for this, and ... and here, perhaps i will even say more about the entire structure of the armed forces that there is a request, a request for this , a request for this is as simple as that someone from boys are interested in history, ask for something more. to explain, and the second point is that in 2022 you mentioned that there was a people's war, well, that is, really, when i

came to the military hospital on the 24th, tsk, there i also underwent a long military medical examination commissions and so on, and the very next day, the 25th, i came, i was supposed to be assigned to a brigade, and i saw it already on the 25th . how simply the doors, the doors of the tsc are being broken by volunteers, and then somehow a very, very great peace came over me, that is, i saw, yes, then if such a number, then we stand, i know from my other friends there, who were also in kyiv, that is, when they saw the number of people who left, that is , from it people, businessmen, millionaires, to ordinary people there boys from borshchagivka or from... proeshchyna, that is, they all united and when they left, there was also some kind of calm , well, although they were already coming quite close, we know they were coming quite close, vorzel was there later, irpin , later

bucha is close to you, well, that is, is it moschun or others, but there was a certain peace because of it, and what i am leading it to, now and then there were volunteers, ugh, that is, people who had a very clear argument, why, why and for what. at the same time, having families, having three children each, three minors each, i have several brothers who are serving with me, who still have all the reasons to be released, and have continued to serve for 2.5 years, now they are being mobilized, or it is necessary, obviously yes, is this moral-willed argumentation in front of itself, does it exceed the one that was in the 22nd, i think no, i i think it is even a little more on... that's why the issue of history needs to be raised, it needs to be raised with the personnel, this should actually be carried out by moral and psychological

support, units of moral and psychological support, we have very cool examples of this, we have for for example, the third assault brigade, where our colleague, the historian oleksandr olforov, also works, he is just engaged in moral and psychological support, i know... examples of brigades that are now introducing such and such units into themselves, and that is, well, such there are units, but they are not developed, that is , they are, they are according to the internal instructions of the armed forces of ukraine, but they are not developed to the scale they should be, that is , it is necessary to talk with the personnel, why this war did not start on february 24, that is, i always i am correcting the interlocutor, well, it probably happened to you too, but when the war started, i say friends, this war started on february 20. on the maidan of the 14th year, not this one from the shooting of the heavenly hundred, not february 24, 22nd year, right? well, if we take a deeper look, then this war is actually, as he says

our colleague, volodya vyatrovych, she, this is our century-old war, it started at the beginning of the last century, simply because of the fact that such an entity as the ukrainian people's republic is already ours, our truly ukrainian state, if... with from a historical point of view, and we are talking about the cossacks, then yes, this is it, these are ukrainian national entities, but still they are considered proto-states, and onr - this is we already have the entire state with all its attributes, but it just stood across the throat , both white and red, but she's just an orc, yes an orc, well, it didn't last long, this ukrainian state. that time and lasted for several reasons, firstly, there were some disagreements in the leadership, some were pulled there, others here, and secondly, the people themselves did not really

want to go and fight, because they did not understand what they were fighting for, we all but from time to time we draw some historical parallels, you have the feeling that it resonates somewhere, or how we are different now, maybe we have done some work on mistakes, i think so. well, that is, i am generally such an ardent optimist myself and i think and see and know and believe that we have done the work on mistakes, the first point that the unr did not have, we have, is the support of the west, the unr did not have that, that is, they, they were actually alone, there, and this it was very difficult, if we take the entente itself, that is, france and great britain, they supported the white guards, yes, if white, if denikin wanted to seize... because he explained to his allies that kyiv is a city of the russian empire, well, they said, well, okay, well, like, well, that's it, now we have it event support, two. we have a really

strong army, that is, we have the armed forces of ukraine, not only the armed forces of ukraine, i do not want to offend my brothers and sisters of the defense forces of ukraine, that is, because this is the national guard, this is the state border service, this is also the security service of ukraine, the national police nsoon, nsovnsoon, and we have really strong defense forces of ukraine, really strong, armed with high quality, maybe not all units are there to the end, but... in the end, work on this is going on, we have, in the vast majority, i am not, i will not be there talk about 100%, but we have the awareness of the vast majority of the population that they are ukrainians, they have the state of ukraine, and before these orks, well, okay, here are the russians, and the russians, they don’t want here, and they they don't want

to see or hear them. we don't need their history, culture, well, we can still talk about it, because not everyone, unfortunately, is so convinced of it yet, but, that is, we have a lot of winning things, we have a strong army, we have awareness of ukrainians that they are ukrainians, they need this the state, and we have the support of the west, unfortunately, all this did not happen in the ukrainian people's republic, that is, the propaganda of the bolsheviks worked very well there, the power was divided there, let's remember how we... worked like vynnychenko, then he ran away, then he returned to kyiv, only later, when konovalts' snipers defended poltava there, he did stay in kyiv, but, well, but before that he wanted to run away dozens of times and whether or not he was packing, there were such things, now, well, now, now we we have much more prospects and much more opportunities to defend one's state and one's right to existence, our conversation is coming to an end a little bit, i will say one more such

moment from yours. if you google the name volodymyr birchak, it gives such information that he was born in 1881, i am very well preserved, yes, but your photo, and it says that you are a ukrainian writer, literary critic, soldier , a member of the ukrainian sich riflemen, this is a relative, this a relative, but he has, well, first of all, that he is a distant relative, that is, i researched his biography, i have an archival-investigative case b... at one time he was detained in detained in prague, then imprisoned by the nkvd, but he and i, apart from the fact that we are relatives, we have several things in common, he is a soldier of the sss, i am a soldier of the armed forces of ukraine, in principle two-two of two formations, who are fighting for the freedom and independence of ukraine. he, like me, was once an archaeologist, he is a cooler archaeologist than i, although i also did archeology,

but i am not... a writer, i am my own historian, although he is also a historian, as it is, and we still have the similarity that we have the same ears, i really hope that he still has a life, ended tragically, tragically, that is, here too the moscow boot trampled and shortened the life of a person who could do something for this country, i really want you to succeed in realizing all those plans you still have, i know that you want that you now you are actually finishing this book, yes, and what will it be announced about, well, this is actually a book, these are stories from, these are stories from the archive of the kgb, that is, this is the ukrainian 20th century, and it, this is what we do not know, and this is , which we do not know very well, maybe yes, maybe yes, that is, it is due to the way ukrainian nationalists cooperated with by the british special service mi-6, passed through

the tower. special forces and they were dropped on landing planes on the territory of ukraine, perhaps someone does not know much about this, before the participation of jews in the ukrainian rebel army, so that one of them was actually a political consultant to the chief commander of the upa, and many such things, which we do not know enough about, or we don't know much if we can already talk about any plans when this book comes out, i think it's too early, it all depends on how fast i am. i will work on vacation according to the state the health i'm in now, eh, and when the vacation is over, in september, and then what 's back, front, front, eh, lord, thank you for this conversation, thank you, for what you're doing, and on on the battlefield, and on such an ideological battlefield, you return to people the historical truth, of which you were and can be the editor.