distributed power generation for a high-rise residential building would be in order to have a coolant, because we understand that either a turbine rotates, or how a car engine works, a gas piston unit, there are products of combustion, there is thermal energy that can heat the coolant, roughly speaking, water or any what kind of liquid to supply to multi-apartment buildings, unfortunately, such projects have not been implemented now, and for the future, since we understand that the enemy is still before our victory or any other scenario that is positive for ukraine, of course, will hit our power system, so we will have a shortage of electricity even after the end of the war, not for one year, but maybe for three to five years, so we have to understand that not 1 comb, but a minimum of 6 gw of built capacity is needed, first of all for big cities. in order to provide

the decentralized population with heat and electrical energy. well, the government said back in the summer that mostly ukrainians need to rely on their own strength, and it is clear that many consumers, well, resorted to such expensive purchases in essence, this is small generators, if it is a private house, these are various heaters for heating. season, but it is clear that many citizens, well , cannot afford such expensive projects, both for private houses and for apartments, what are your tips on how to enter the winter with at least a little lighting, at least with a little warmth, well here it really is you are right, you need to watch your wallet and how it fills up, first of all , you need to do the so-called rehabilitation of your building, either it is an apartment, or it is a private for... development, that is, see where you

lose your heat, it can also be cracks under the windows, and this is good and visible to the eye, when there is a strong wind or a draft, you can even lift a piece of paper and see where the sheet is washed, where there is air movement, these are the cracks, secondly, if these are metal-plastic bags, it is necessary to inspect and tighten them. most modern packages have different winter and summer modes, that is, it is very easy , there are a lot of these videos on youtube, how to twist it yourself, even without special masters, if it is wooden windows, then of course you have to see how to insulate them so that there are no gaps, then a very large amount of heat is lost either through the attics or even through the ceiling of your house, that is, to see how it can be insulated. and are there no cracks there,

for example, there is a so-called term called a cold bridge, that is, that your heat is leaking in your apartment or house, and a bright sign of this can be precisely mold, because mold is precisely one of the elements of these cold bridges, then it is necessary to remove this mold, and then to mention the insulation options that we had for grandfathers and great-grandfathers, it is called, in russian, it is carpets, yes, for warming the floor, i was recently in the frankiv region, there they explained that it is called sleepers, that is , this kind of insulation, think about an extra blanket in your bed, think, don't walk because it's sunny, but walk in some kind of slippers, i.e. such household options, they will make sure that the kitchen has a thermos, absolutely true with hot water, but if we talk about light. in particular,

how long the current power outage schedules will last, and what they depend on these graphs, and how is it possible to be without light, having not only a flashlight, but some modern means of lighting? let's consider several scenarios that may exist here: the first is the scenario, according to the minister, that nothing is happening from the outside, that is, we are not being fired upon, the energy system is working in the same state. it is now, unfortunately, we have a deficit of electrical energy at the level of 2.4 gigawatt hours on average in the morning and evening hours, that is, it is per hour, and these are peaks, when we go to work, send children to school, students to the university, electric transport is actively working, we heat kettles, microwave ovens, stoves, if it is an electric stove, the use of electric energy increases, it is a real pity, european partners give us ee...,

that is, we import everything possible from them, because we understand that the largest countries producing electricity in the european union are france and germany. do not border ukraine, so we receive electricity from the same slovakia, poland, romania, partly that there is generated, partial, it is transit electric energy through the united energy system of the european union, which is supplied to us in ukraine, also now an element of the first full-scale invasion of this united european energy system, therefore having a deficit, having working equipment in the transmission and distribution systems. of electric energy, i will remind the audience that the transmission of electric energy is large substations, large networks, of high power, which belong to the state company nekukrenergo, there is a distribution, that is, it is at the level of each region, and the final example is the city of kyiv, at the level of kyiv, it is

oblenergo, if everything is working properly, we have almost lost heat generation, most of the hydro generation capacities are in an emergency state. green energy is actively working, but the sun will give us only 20% of the required power from it in winter, there will be outages, but this is during peak hours, in the morning and evening, if the weather is sunny, for example, at the end of january, in february, even during daytime hours we can export electricity to europe, because we will have an electricity surplus of energy, as it was last year, and this is again a foreign exchange revenue. to ukraine, to the state of ukraine, again for restoration, but, as practice shows , unplanned, emergency situations also occur, it is not known to the end whether it was an informational fake, or whether there really was a difficult situation at the southern ukrainian nuclear power plant, now again after all, one

of the units is being taken out for repair, it was already confirmed by mr. kotin, the head of the energy atom, and the minister of energy, that they went out for repair, that is, they will not support the emergency situation, but what is taken out for repair, so... this is the second scenario, and in the second scenario, the deficit will increase, and then we will already have hourly schedules of planned outages, as it is happening now, the third scenario is not predictable, which is not managed, it is called, you, we asked you not to swear in ether, but i will say that putin is a bad word because of the shelling of our network, first of all, we see that now the enemy is aiming precisely at the objects of transmission. of electric energy, i.e. a non-kukrenergo substation, a non-kukrenergo line, there was an emergency breakdown recently the situation on the line, which is one of the two lines that feeds the zaporizhia temporarily occupied nuclear power plant, therefore, generating the amount

of electrical energy required in most cases, we cannot transfer it from region to region, and the following will happen here, or each the region acquires... or there are several regions, for example, like ternopil region, khmelnytskyi, this is for example, they acquire a certain autonomy, there is a khmelnytsky nuclear power plant, this electric energy is not transmitted to other regions, but it is serviced the region, yes, the region is served, just as the southern ukrainian nuclear power plant also serves the south of ukraine, here i would like to touch on this decentralization, it is clear that the enemy has destroyed a large number of large energy facilities, now... there is really a need to create such small energy networks and alternatives to large thermal power plants that will work independently, you have given examples of what has been done now, is there still time for each region to make its own generation and provide itself with as much light as possible,

as warm as possible, some possible cases , specific stories, there is no other option, that is , this is one of the priority steps, just this gigawatt that the president announces, it is just that... this way to decentralization, the united states works according to this model, that is, a decentralized energy system, private power plants, large and small, provide primarily one state, and then when there is a surplus, not through such networks as our 750 kv or 330 kv, they supply to other states and the state earns money from it, the same in... . under the influence of that external factor, i will not even now it is a bad word to repeat on the air, something unnatural is happening in our country, but under the influence of military operations , the decentralization of energy is taking place, and here it is important at the level of each territorial community, at the level

of the region to create its own generation, distributed solar power plants on the roofs of schools and hospitals, this and had vitrogen. in rural areas, these are the same gas piston installations that we talked about, in order to provide first of all their own needs, and then, if there is a surplus, then through the networks oblenergo, ukrenergo networks. is sold to different regions, here the dispatchers already work without communities, they themselves perfectly see this whole picture, where how much electric energy is generated, where how much is consumed, and they will redistribute professionally in automatic mode, but according to this model, unfortunately, we are forced by the nearest for years, if even decades, to move to create a system of distributed generation, there are indeed many projects now, one of which is completion. two power units were built at the khmelnytskyi nuclear power plant, the second one was built at chigerinsk

the site of the chigerin nuclear power plant, yes, but we understand that these are long-term projects, these are strategic projects for tens of years, which require colossal investments. today, we have to work on tactical tasks, first of all, to provide the household consumer of the population and business with electric energy at the expense of our own production, and not to withdraw the cost. which should remain in the state to purchase expensive electricity that is available in european countries. i will remind the audience that we purchase electric energy except slovakia from other countries for the so-called emergency dispatching assistance, that is, it is the most expensive electric energy, so there are certain irregularities in regulations, the regulator is working on this, but at the same time, these funds should remain in ukraine to stimulate the development of new ones. generating capacities, first of all green generation, secondly, of course, gas-piston generation, since

gas-piston generation, it is quickly installed, these are container-type installations, brought, put on the foundation, connected to networks, there may be a narrow element here, because if we connect to high-voltage networks there, for example, 110 kv, and the vast majority of gas treatment plants are 10 k, yes, 10 km. then it is necessary to build a whole substation with separate transformers, which is also a big problem, and that is why repair work, work on the restoration of our power grids, is now delayed sometimes unexpectedly, since we do not have such stocks of such large transformers, and almost no one in ukraine can produce them now , and transformers are only a logistical task for several months from the same germany to bring a transformer to ukraine, here you said that... the construction of nuclear generators is a really long-term process,

but it is an effective, productive process, which in the long run can bring ukraine foreign exchange revenue and not only provide our state with electricity for internal needs, but if you compare it with green generation, what projects are more now during the big war fast, high quality and possibly easy to execute. the first is gas-piston real generation, well, it's not green energy, but there, if to go with what we discussed with you before the broadcast, these are biogas plants, then gas-fired power generation, then this is already green energy, and the energy of the wind and the sun, the sun is built very quickly, easily, there are large volumes of equipment and in the european warehouses, and chinese ones are quickly manufactured and , for example, they are delivered to the port in constanta in romania, or to gdansk in... poland, that is , there are no problems with the equipment, there is another problem, it is people, since some of the engineers and

builders are now protecting our peaceful sky , protect our dream, fight for independence countries at the front, some of them, for example, unfortunately, went abroad, and there is a big problem precisely in personnel to build such projects, there is not enough manpower, this is even one of those problems to build the same gigawatt, then this... and the personnel problem as well, since i will not name individual cities, but i have already heard from two mayors that we receive gas piston installations under the program of international technical assistance, but we do not have specialists, we do not have the hands to attach them, further operate them , warehouses and waiting, waiting for something, waiting for something, they there they apply, they search, they search, but this is also a big problem, because that is how it is there. and reservations in energy, but most people deliberately went to the ranks of the armed forces,

god bless them, i really hope to return to their workplaces very quickly, but the problem is this, and if we talk about private investments in green energy, maybe big business , the average long ago made a bet on the fact that it can also make money from it and at the same time rebuild. here we will again divide it into two components. the first component is this industrial generation, that is, large solar parks, large wind farms, unfortunately there is a problem. mistrust of investors, especially foreign investors, in the state of ukraine, due to the fact that the debt was formed, now it is about 30%, non-payments for the electric energy released into the network, i.e. 100% of the electric energy announced according to the forecasts is released into the network, but yes, but the state enterprise is a guaranteed buyer unable to fully cover this debt, for example, unfortunately,

times have turned out like this, for example, wind, wind generation completely entered the free market, except for one chinese state-owned company, it is in a wind park in the mykolaiv region, all the others went to the free market, it is more comfortable for them there than working with the state, and that is why we are now observing the continuation of investments, three companies are large today, two of which have their oil and gas assets, one is a company with foreign capital, building wind farms in ukraine, this is mykolaiv, this is odesa region, this is ivana. hiva region, and one of the companies relocated its plant from kramatorsk in transcarpathia and has already built the first wind farm, installed the first turbine, and by the end of the year it is predicted that they will complete this first wind farm in the carpathians in the transcarpathian region, so the wind is easier here, the sun is more difficult, because the sun is more difficult

to predict, it is more weather-dependent, large pay for imbalances. and most companies have loans in foreign currency, and when it is paid at a different rate, that is, debts are returned at the old rate, so there is a problem with payments from banks, and therefore investors, especially foreign ones, are skeptical they are now looking at ukraine, the other generation is generation for own needs, here we see very active positive dynamics, almost 200 mw, and this is what is accounted for, because there are unaccounted for solar stations. which are being built for their own needs, the business built in the first six months of this year, this is a huge number, these are solar stations to cover their own needs, this is the first regrail, and these are large livestock complexes, these are warehouses, logistics terminals, for example, in the city of khmelnytskyi you can see one of the companies the new logistics terminal, where

solar panels are even installed on the facades, is a very interesting project, and this is the second such project in ukraine, where facade panels are installed for such a large scale, well, once upon a time, the ministry of the region made a wall of one of the buildings for guarantee funds, but there is such a more demonstration station, but this is one of the first projects and one of the retailers in the field of combustion and lubricating materials, also in lviv i have my office, well, it was relatively long ago, i also fully equipped it with solar panels, there is such a trend here and it is positive, because the business does not want to have... dependence on the state supply of electricity, so it tries to cover its own needs precisely at the expense of solar generation, and the second step, again, it is gas-fired generation, the same retail now builds to explain to the audience, retel is a large shopping center, for their own needs they build gas piston plants to cover

the needs of electricity, to have heating in winter, i have been watching lately... on the way to work, i watch the window and in in high-rise buildings, i already see small solar panels on the balconies, that is, people are trying to somehow at least provide themselves with electricity for their own needs in sunny weather, at least, in your opinion, if you really said about business, is it possible for ordinary consumers in apartment buildings in private farms, as at least pass the heating season due to the energy of the sun. i'm not talking about selling the surplus, but at least providing yourself with electricity, of course, this project is not cheap, but is it possible to find a middle ground? in the private sector it's easier here, and even now there is a government program, a loan with 0%, the loan is granted

for 5 years, the construction of solar stations will stimulate accumulation so that we perfectly understand that... during the day we work at work, our children or at school , or students are studying, there is no one during the day, when a large amount of electricity is generated, and solar stations work inefficiently in the morning and evening, due to the fact that the sun is low above the horizon, so storage devices are needed right here, and here the state went to a meeting, heard experts in order to to cover precisely these epics at the expense of your accumulation, as well for business, most banks, as privately. and the state under the 579 program also provide loans for solar stations with the pretext of accumulation for small and medium-sized businesses, with an apartment here it is much more difficult, because what... you say that is installed on the facades of the panel, it is in principle the same as the installation of air conditioners on the facades is a violation

of building regulations and urban planning legislation, since everything that is placed on the enclosing structure, that is, the wall of the building on the facade, and it is not provided for in the project of this building, this is a violation, it is clear that the method, this is a method of survival, well, you really need to close your eyes, this is survival. a survival method, but in principle this is a violation, and if something happens to this module , then the responsibility will be directly on oneself, we can have a strong wind, that's all, that is, if you are already strengthening, then you need to take care of the reliability of the attachment very carefully, so as not to reward at risk, absolutely true, as well as the generator, which i now see a lot of starts to install generators on the balconies, and this can also lead to fires and... to the ingress of carbon monoxide and to the destruction of the structure, if the balconies are old, it is so, well, we have seen, by the way, point cases, but it seems that there have already been two in kyiv, when home-made

battery chargers explode and the facades of houses collapse and people suffer, so you have to be very careful, i think that at the state level they are turning a blind eye to this solar panel, but at the same time, here is another option, i saw several ads that. .. in a photomodule is already installed in the balcony structure, either instead of part of the windows, or as an enclosing structure of the balcony, in principle , this is not a deviation from the project, since the configuration does not change, the material changes, but the configuration of the fence structure of the building does not change, so here it is very much a question, but how to choose this material qualitatively, because it is clear that you can buy and just fly into a penny? well, there are different options. i.e. , they do it efficiently and take batteries from old electric cars and use them, but here you also expose yourself to

there is a danger, and they make chargers from a group of batteries on their own, of course, if you have the means, then it can be done at an authorized sales representative who has a guarantee, which will ensure our safety, not all ukrainians, unfortunately, out of pocket, so let's go out. everyone is different, unfortunately, as they can, but i also want to urge and warn the viewers to think about winter already today, now we still need yesterday, so meteorologically, the meteorological summer is still going on, and we see this heat, but there is very little time left to cool down, and gradually you allocate candles and flashlights from the family budget, because we remember that such a blackout is temporary. the past, as we say, the energy of the autumn period, in everyday life we ​​call it the disgraceful period, when there was excitement in the subway crossings, price increases for the same flashlights,

for the same candles, so you need to prepare slowly, have such a strategic stock at home. my new year's garland is already shining when i turn off the lights, when i come home from work, just in the corridor, very a convenient flood of light is very convenient, so the second life of the garland itself is more global, but... the important question is how you see ukrainian energy after the victory, what model, what will it be, it will be some kind of mix, maybe it is not so clear , which we lost, in fact, due to shelling, so indeed, it will be a mix, although i am from the field of green energy, but i am forced to state, yes, that we cannot do without nuclear, and nuclear generation will remain the basis of our energy system for a long time, maybe they will finish it energy here, it is still difficult to talk about this, despite the initiative on the completion of the geopolitical issue, since it is not only

a ukrainian project, it is connected there with the american company house, which was recently purchased by the japanese toshiba, and whose fuel we consume on and whose fuel we consume now, having given up on the neighboring country, yes, there is another way, if it is in... in bulgaria to receive these elements, then again, who will supervise, because it is russian, russian equipment, and in principle , according to logic, their specialists should be conducted technical supervision, that is, here is a big geopolitical issue, but i think that we ukrainians are such that the main thing is to want, that is, nuclear generation is the basis, we will not raise the issue of hydropower on the kakhov dam, because... it is debatable, and scientists and experts are ecological, and ecological activists, there is a very active dialogue here, and perhaps even

an unproductive one. sometimes it happens, and the fact that where reservoirs are still preserved, i think that kharkiv turbaatom will also rebuild these turbines, where they are broken, we will buy transformers, install them, we need hydropower, because, for example, last summer, when the nuclear engineers went out for scheduled repairs, the boilers also began to be actively repaired, that is, this past summer before the active shelling of the heat generation, just... ukrhydroenergo performed the function of balancing our power system and worked very efficiently, that is, we will develop hydro generation , restore like this, then this is decentralized nature, so decentralized generation is green energy, the capacity of which needs to be increased more and more, and we will do it, i am sure, thank you for visiting to the studio stanislav ignatiev, chairman of the board of the ukrainian renewable energy association, was a guest of channel espresso, i

will be with you about... stay with us and watch us. there are discounts for mukaltyn once again. 10% in psarynyk, bam and oskad pharmacies. the book of women at war, a joint project of the espresso tv channel and the spirit and letter publishing house. the book is based on the presenter's reports. of khrystyna parubiy's espresso tv channel. 20 stories, 20 fates, 20 women who defended the country. the book is dedicated to women who chose the path of fighting the enemy in military ranks. women at war, search in bookstores of ukraine. with the support of the konstantin zhivago charitable foundation. czech republic, ukraine, only on mego. the league of nations is waiting for the national team, where it is necessary to score maximum points. support

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tuesday to friday. from the 20th to the 22nd, rumors about reshuffles in the cabinet of ministers had been circulating almost since the beginning of the summer, they were talked about for weeks and every time they were asked on the ofreks, the reason for this was the inefficiency of government officials, whether it was their participation in corruption scandals and even elementary instability in the cabinet of ministers, as at the beginning of the week, five departments did not have permanent eyes. the decision to restart was announced, then postponed, and so on in a circle, until september brought a wind of change to the supreme almost unexpectedly, six ministers and one high-ranking official submitted their resignations to the council. on the first attempt , oleksandr kamyshchyn, olga stefanishyna, ruslan strilets and denys malyuska were released. also under attack.