assessment and forecast of developments, want to understand how our today will affect our tomorrow, watch the saturday politics club, every saturday on espresso. join the ranks of the 100th separate mechanized brigade of the armed forces of ukraine, protect your own, the result of their work is our safety. they, the boys from volyn, proved that everyone can be a warrior, strong in spirit, and appreciate skills. to stand side by side with brothers until the holy victory. everyone who pilots a uav understands it, prepares, treats, repairs, winds kilometers of roads, fills piles of documents, significantly strengthens those who covers the enemy with heavy fire and returns meter by meter our native land. join the ranks of the 100th separate mechanized brigade of the armed forces of ukraine. let's stick together. this is an espresso interview, i'm

oleksandr morchyvka, i'll be with you in the next few minutes, and today we're talking about energy, it's clear that this industry continues to be under the enemy's sights, will we have light, how will we pass the heating season, we'll talk about it in talk in detail with the guest of the studio, stanislav ignatiev, chairman of the board of the ukrainian association of restoration of energy visited us, glad to see, congratulations, glad to see, glory to ukraine. glory to the heroes, mr. stanislav, well, i will start with the last statement of the minister of energy, he was in the verkhovna rada during the question hour for the government and said that hundreds of megawatts of the planned gigawatt of gas shunting generation have already been built this year, that is, a significant share, and if everything goes good with our power system, the enemy will not attack critical infrastructure, then we will pass the winter successfully. in your opinion, is this gigawatt real? generation can save ukraine from

total darkness and total frost? well , first of all, what is being built now? municipal authorities are being built in large cities, such as my native kharkiv, gas piston installations are being installed for critical infrastructure facilities. first of all, these are heating networks and water channels, so that even in the absence of centralized energy supply, electricity supply can provide heat. carrier and drinking water supply to citizens during periods of possible blackouts, and here there are a lot of scenarios regarding what the president sought at the ukraine conference recovery in berlin, then build it, especially in those cities where heating networks have been destroyed, for example, kherson, mykolaiv, the same kharkiv, to occupied cities such as irpin, bucha, akhtyrka and trostyanets in... in

the sumy region, then build for thermal areas, such gas piston or gas turbine installations instead of centralized power supply in order to a) have distributed power generation for multi-storey residential buildings, b) in order to have heating, since we understand that either the turbine rotates, or as a car engine works with a gas piston. installation, there are combustion products, there is thermal energy that can heat the heating medium, roughly speaking, water or any liquid, and supply it to a multi-apartment building, unfortunately, such projects are not implemented now, and for this future, as we understand, that even before our victory or any other scenario, the enemy will, of course, attack our power system, which is positive for ukraine, so we will have a deficit of electricity even after

the end of the war for more than one year, or maybe three to five years, so we have to understand that more than one gigawatt is needed, at least 6 such built-in capacities are needed, primarily for large cities in order to provide the decentralized population with heat supply and electric energy, well, the government said back in the summer that mainly ukrainians need to rely on their own strength, and it is clear that many consumers, well, resorted to such expensive, in fact, purchases, these are also small generators, if it is a private house, these are various heaters for the heating season, but it is clear that many citizens, well cannot pull such expensive projects, both for private houses and for apartments, what are your tips on how to do it at least with a little lighting. at least

enter the winter with a little warmth. well, it is really correct to say here, you have to watch your wallet and how it fills up. first of all , you need to do the so-called sanitation of yours. buildings, or it is an apartment, or it is a private cottage building, that is, see where you lose your heat, it can be cracks under the windows, and this is good and visible to the eye, it is possible when there is a strong wind or a draft, even hold up a piece of paper and see where the sheet is washed, where there is air movement, these are the gaps, secondly, if it is a metal-plastic bag. then you need to inspect them, tighten them, most modern packages have different winter and summer modes, that is, it is very easy, there are a lot of these videos on youtube, how to switch it yourself, even without special masters, if it is wooden windows, then

of course you have to see how to insulate them so that there are no gaps, then a very large amount of heat is lost either through the attic or even through the ceiling of your home, i.e. to see how it can be insulated, and whether there are any cracks, for example, there is a so-called term called a cold bridge, that is, that your heat is leaking in your apartment or house, and a clear sign of this can be just mold, because it is just mold and is one of the elements of these cities of coldness, then we need to remove this mold, well, let’s go on to mention the insulation options that we had with... it’s called in russian, it’s carpets, so it’s for floor insulation , i was recently in the frankiv region, they explained what it is it's called sleepers, that is, such insulation

, think about an extra blanket in your bed , think about not walking because you're sleepy, but walking in some kind of slippers, that is, such household options , they have to be in the kitchen. thermos is absolutely correct with hot water, but speaking of light, in particular, how long will the current power outage schedules last, what do these schedules depend on, and how is it possible to be without light, having not only a flashlight, but what are the modern means of lighting? let's consider several scenarios that can be here: the first is a scenario as per according to the words of the minister, that nothing is happening from the outside, that is, we are not being fired upon. the power system works in the state it is in now. unfortunately, in the morning and evening hours, we have a deficit of electricity at the level of 2.4 gw/h on average, that is, it is per hour, and these are the peaks when we go to work, send children to school, students to

the university, actively work electric transport, we heat kettles, microwave ovens, stoves, if it is an electric stove, the use increases... partners give us, i.e. we import everything possible from them, because we understand that the largest countries, producers of electric energy in the european union, namely france and germany, do not border ukraine, so we receive electricity from the same slovakia, poland, romania, partly that it is generated there, it is a partial transit electric energy through the united energy system of the european union, which... is supplied to us in ukraine as also now an element of the initially full-scale invasion of this united european energy system. uh, that's why, having a deficit, having good equipment in the transmission and distribution systems of electric energy, i will remind the audience that

the transmission of electric energy is large substations, large high-power networks, which belong to the state company nekukrenergo. there is a distribution, i.e. it is at the level of each oblast, and the most important is the city of kyiv, at the level of kyiv, this, oblenergo, if everything is working properly, we have almost lost heat generation, most of the hydro generation capacities are in an emergency state, they are actively working green energy, but the sun will give us in winter, only 20% of the required capacity will be cut off, but this is during peak hours, in the morning and in the evening, if the weather is sunny, for example, at the end of january, in february, even during daytime hours we can export electricity to europe, because we will have a surplus of electric energy, as it was last year, and this is again, this is a foreign exchange revenue to ukraine, to the state of ukraine,

again to restore spawning, but as practice shows, unplanned, emergency situations also occur, here to it is not known whether was it an information fake, or was it really... a difficult situation at the southern ukrainian nuclear power plant, now one of the units is being repaired again, this has already been confirmed by mr. kotin, the head of the nuclear power plant and the minister of energy, which is under repair, i.e. .. but what is involved in the repair is the second scenario, and in the second scenario , the deficit will increase, and then we will already have hourly scheduled shutdown schedules, as is happening now. the third scenario, which is not predictable, which is not controlled, is it it is said, you asked not to swear on the air, but i will say that it is a bad word, putin, because of the attacks on our energy system, first of all, we see that... now the enemy is aiming precisely at the objects of electric energy transmission, that is , non-kukrenergo substations, non-kukrenergo lines ,

recently there was an emergency situation on the line, which is one of the two lines that feeds the zaporizhzhia temporarily purchased nuclear power plant, therefore, generating the amount of electrical energy required in most cases, we cannot transfer from region to region, and here the following will happen: either each region acquires, or there are several regions, for example, ternopil, khmelnytsky, this is for example, they acquire a certain autonomy, there is a khmelnytsky nuclear power plant, no this electrical energy is transferred to other regions, but the region is served, this is how the region is occupied, just as the southern ukrainian nuclear power plant also serves southern ukraine. here i would like to touch on this decentralization, it is clear that the enemy destroyed... well, a large number of large energy facilities, now the course is to

create such really small energy networks and alternatives to large thermal power plants that will work independently, you gave examples of what has been done now, is there still time to make each region its own generation and to provide yourself with maximum light, maximum warmth, any possible case studies, specific stories , there is no other option, that is, this is one of the priority steps, just this one. the megawatt announced by the president is just that by way of decentralization, in the usa it works according to this model, that is, a decentralized energy system, private power plants, large and small provide first of all one state, and then when there is a surplus, not through such networks as we have 750 kv or 330 kv, this is how it supplies to other states. and the state earns money from this, as well as ukraine under the influence of that external

factor, i will not say a bad word on the air and repeat it, an unnatural, but under the influence of military actions, decentralization of energy is happening in our country, and here it is important, at the level of each territorial community, at the level of the region, to create its own generation, distributed, this includes solar power plants on the roofs of buildings. and hospitals, this is small wind generation in rural areas, these are the same gas piston installations that we talked about in order to provide first of all our own needs, and then, if there is a surplus, it is transferred to different regions through oblenergo networks, ukrenergo networks , here the dispatchers already work without communities, they themselves perfectly see this whole picture, where how many electric energy is generated, where how much is consumed and will be done professionally in automatic mode. distribution, but according to this model, unfortunately, we are forced

in the coming years, if even for a decade, to move to create a system of distributed generation, there are indeed many projects now, one is the completion of two energy units at the khmelnytskyi nuclear power plant, the second is the construction of the chigerinsk site of the chigerin nuclear power plant power plants, yes, but we understand that these are long-term projects, these are such strategic projects for... tens of years, which require colossal investments. today, we have to work on tactical tasks, first of all, to provide household consumers of the population and businesses with electric energy at the expense of our own production, and not withdraw funds that should remain in the state for the purchase of expensive electric energy, which is available in european countries. i will remind the audience that we purchase electricity from other countries except slovakia on the basis of the so-called avara'. dispatch assistance, that is, it is the most expensive electrical energy, so there are certain irregularities here

regulatory acts, the regulator is working on this, but at the same time, these funds should remain in ukraine, stimulate the development of new generating capacities, first of all green generation, and secondly, of course, gas-piston generation, since gas-piston generation is quickly installed, it is the installation of container type, brought it, put it on the foundation, connected it to the networks, there may be a narrow element here, because if we connect to high-voltage networks there, for example, 110 kv, and the vast majority of gas furnace installations are... 10 k, yes, 10 kv, it is necessary to build entire substations with separate transformers, which is also a big problem, and that is why repair work, work to restore our power grids is sometimes delayed, because we do not have such a reserve, such large transformers, and almost no one in ukraine can produce them now cannot, and transformers,

only the logistical task of several months to bring a transformer from the same germany. to ukraine, you said that the construction of nuclear generators is a really long-term process, but it is effective, it is productive a process that in the long term can bring ukraine foreign exchange revenue and not only for internal needs to provide electricity to our state, but if we compare it with green generation, which projects are faster now during the great war, how? high-quality and possibly easy to perform? well, first of all, it ’s really gas-piston generation, well, it’s not green energy , but if you combine it with what we talked about on the air with you, these are biogas plants, then gas-push generation, then this is already green energy, but wind and solar energy, the wind of the sun, the sun is built very quickly, it is easy to build, there are large volumes of equipment

in european warehouses, and the chinese manufacture them quickly, and for example in afbovki. the station in romania is delivered to the port, or to gansk in poland, that is, there are no problems with the equipment, there is another problem - it's people. since part of the engineers and builders are now protecting our peaceful sky, protecting our dream, fighting for the country's independence at the front, some, unfortunately, have gone abroad, and there is a big problem precisely in the personnel, so that to build such projects, there is not enough labor force, and this is even one of the... problems to build the same gigawatt, it is also a staffing problem, since, i will not name individual cities, but i have already heard from two mayors that we receive under the program of international technical assistance, we receive gas-fired installations, but we do not have specialists, we do not have the hands to connect them, continue to operate them, and that's it,

they are waiting, waiting for something, waiting for something, they apply there, they are looking, so they are looking, but it is so. there is a big problem because it is there procedures and reservations in the energy sector, but most people deliberately went to the ranks of the armed forces, may god give them strength very much, i hope to return to their workplaces very quickly, but the problem is such, and if we talk about private investments in green energy, perhaps a large business, the average long ago bet on that. which can also earn from this and at the same time rebuild generation in ukraine. here we will again divide into two components. the first component is industrial generation, i.e. these are large solar parks, large wind farms. unfortunately, there is a problem of mistrust of investors, especially foreign ones, in the state of ukraine, due to the fact that the debt has formed, now it is about 30%, not payments for

the electric energy released into the network, i.e. 100% of the electric energy declared according to the forecast. is released to the network, but the state is, but the state-owned enterprise, the guaranteed buyer , is not able to fully cover this debt, unfortunately, this is how times have turned out, for example, wind, wind generation has completely entered the free market, except for one of a chinese state company, it is in a wind park in the mykolaiv region, all the others have gone to the free market, it is more comfortable for them there than working with the state, and that is why we are watching ... the continuation of investments, three companies today are large, two of which have their own oil and gas assets , one is a company with foreign capital, they build wind farms in ukraine, this is mykolaivsk, this is odesa region, this is ivano-frankivsk region, and one of the companies relocated its plant from kramatorsk to transcarpathia and built

the first wind farm, installed the first turbine and by the end of the year, i predict... will complete this first wind farm in the carpathians, in the zakarpattia region, so with wind here it is easier, with the sun it is more difficult, because the sun is more difficult to predict, it is more weather-dependent, large fees for imbalances, and most companies have loans in foreign currency , and when it is paid at a different rate, that is, debts are returned at the old rate, that is why there is a problem with payments from banks, and that is why... investors, especially foreign ones, are skeptical about ukraine now. the other generation is the generation for our own needs, here we are we see very active, positive dynamics, almost 200 mega. and this is what is accounted for, because there are unaccounted for solar stations that are being built for their own needs, the business built in the first half of this year, this is a huge number, these are

solar stations to cover their own needs, this is the first retail, these are large livestock complexes, this warehouses, logistics terminals, for example, in the city of khmelnytskyi you can see a new logistics terminal of one of the companies, where solar batteries are even installed on the facades, very interesting. project, and this is such a second project where in ukraine, where facade panels are installed for such a large scale, well, once upon a time, the ministry of the region made a wall of one of the buildings for guarantee funds, but there is such a demonstration station, but this is one of the first projects and one of the retailers in the field of palnomaster materials, i also had my office in lviv, well, it was a long time ago, also completely equipped with solar panels, there is such a trend here and... it is positive, because the business does not want to be dependent on the state supply of electricity. therefore, it tries to cover its own needs precisely

at the expense of solar generation, well, and the second step, again, it is gas-fired generation, the same retail is now being built for the sake of the audience, retail is large shopping centers, for its own needs , they build gas piston plants to cover the needs in electricity energy, have more in winter. i have been watching lately on the way to work, i look out the window and on many floors i see small solar panels on the balconies, that is, people are trying somehow to at least provide themselves with electricity for their own needs sunny weather at least. in your opinion, if you really said about business, is it possible for ordinary consumers in apartment buildings, in private farms, as a minimum? to get through the heating season due to solar energy, i am not talking about selling the surplus, but at least to provide yourself with electricity, of course, this project is not cheap, but

is it possible to find a middle ground, it is easier here in the private sector, and even now there is a state program, credit at 0%, the loan is granted for 5 years, the construction of solar stations from... savings for so that we perfectly understand that during the day we work at work, our children are either at school or students are studying, there is no one during the day, when a large amount of electricity is generated, and in the morning and evening the solar stations work inefficiently due to the fact that the sun is low above the horizon , that's why storage devices are needed here, and here the state went to a meeting, heard experts in order to cover these peaks at the expense of your savings. likewise, for businesses, most banks, both private and public, provide 579 as well loans for solar plants, with the pretext

of accumulation for small and medium-sized businesses, with an apartment it is much more difficult here, because what you say, that is installed on the facades of the panel, it is in principle the same as the installation of air conditioners on the facades is a violation of building regulations and.. . of the building legislation, since everything that is placed on the enclosing structure, that is, on the wall of the building, on the facade, and is not provided for by the project of this building, it is a violation, it is clear that the method, it is a method of survival, well, we really need to close our eyes to it, this is survival, this is a method of survival, but in principle this is a violation, and if something happens to this module, then the responsibility will be directly on the owner, we can have a strong wind and everything, that is, if you already strengthen it, then you have to be very careful. to take care of the reliability of the fastening, so as not to reward danger, is absolutely true, as well as the generator, which i see now that many are starting

to install generators on balconies, and this can also lead to fires and the ingress of carbon monoxide and to the destruction of the structure, if the balconies are old, it is so, well, we have seen, by the way, isolated cases, but it seems that there have already been two in kyiv, when self-made battery chargers exploded and destroyed... the gardens of houses and people suffer, so you have to take a very balanced approach, i think that at the state level the eyes are closed on this solar panel, but at the same time, and here is another option, i saw several ads that a photo module is already installed in the balcony structure, either instead of part of the windows, or as an enclosing structure of the balcony, in principle this is not a deviation from the project, because it does not change... this configuration, the material changes, but the configuration of the fence structure of the building does not change, so here it is very much a question, how to choose this material qualitatively, because it is clear that you can buy

and simply . to fly for a penny, well, there are various options, that is, they are effectively made from old electric cars, they take batteries and use them, but here you also expose yourself to danger, there are also self-made chargers from a group of batteries, of course, if you have the means, then this can must to do in an authorized sales representative, who has a guarantee, who carries security, not everyone does this... to the great regret of the pockets of the ukrainians, so we each go out differently, to the great regret, as best we can, but i also want to call and warn the viewers that think about winter already today, it was necessary yesterday, so meteorologically, the meteorological summer is still going on, and we see this heat, but there is very little time left for cooling down, and you are gradually allocating candles and

flashlights from the family budget. uh, because we remember, uh, temporary, yes, such blackouts of the past, as we say to the energy experts of the autumn-mogo period, in everyday life we ​​call it the disgraceful period, when there was excitement in the subway crossings, price increases for these same flashlights, for the same candles, so we need to prepare slowly, to have such a strategic stock at home. my new year's garland already lights up when i turn off the lights, when i return from work, right in the corridor, it lights up very loudly, very loudly. at the very end, such a more global, but important question, as you see it ukrainian energy industry after the victory, what model, what will it be, it will be some kind of mix, maybe it is not so clear, which we lost in essence due to shelling, it will really be a mix, although i am from the field of green energy, but i have to state, yes, that we cannot do without nuclear, and nuclear generation will remain for a long time. in the language of our

energy system, maybe power units will be completed, here yes, is it difficult to talk about the geopolitical issue despite the initiative regarding completions, since this is not only a ukrainian project, it is related there with the american company, which was recently purchased by the japanese toshiba, and whose fuel we consume and the fuel we are consuming now, having renounced the neighboring country like this. there is another way, if it is in bulgaria to receive these elements, then again, who will supervise, because it is russian, russian equipment, and in principle, according to logic, their specialists should carry out technical supervision, that is, here is a big geopolitical issue, but i think that we ukrainians are such that the main thing is to want, that is, nuclear generation is the basis, hydropower. along the kakhov dam

let's not raise the issue, because it is debatable, and scientists, and environmental experts, and environmental activists, there is a very active dialogue here, and perhaps even an unproductive one sometimes happens, that where reservoirs are still preserved, i think that the kharkiv turboatom will also rebuild these turbines, where they are damaged, we will purchase and install transformers. we need hydropower, because, for example, last summer, when the nuclear engineers went for planned repairs, the boilers also began to be actively repaired, that is, this past summer before the active shelling heat generation, precisely ukrhydroenergo performed the function of balancing our energy system and worked very effectively, that is, hydrogeneration will be developed, restored in this way, further it is decentralized

in nature, so decentralized. generation is green energy, the capacity of which needs to be increased more and more, and we will do it, i am sure, thank you for visiting the studio stanislav ignatiev, chairman of the board of the ukrainian renewable energy association, was a guest of espresso channel, i will be with you say goodbye, stay with us and watch us in september, there are 20% discounts on glycysset in pharmacies plantain you and save. in september, there are discounts on son of baam, 10% in pharmacies, plantain bam and oskad.