will be 50%, not 18, like everyone else's, but 50%, well , to put it mildly, it was not perceived very positively, but when all the cards were laid out on the table, so to speak, what was the situation, what was the situation in such a critical state, both the people's deputies and representatives of certain state bodies there stated that this is a one-time story, which is in such, let's say, extraordinary conditions. is accepted, well, of course, banking institutions understand where they work, in which country, under what conditions the war continues, they accepted it, wants, wants it was perceived negatively at first, but then they treated this tax with understanding. from the 24th and following years , a higher tax was set for banks, not the same as for everyone, not 18%, but 25%. and what we see today, today the people's deputies decided to return to this story for the second time, and i... want to try to explain why

in this case last time, for example, the national bank, there the ministry of finance supported a 50% tax for banks, and this time they oppose it, and even the international monetary fund opposed it. very a simple story: firstly, an increased tax of up to 50% for banks can bring in an additional 28-29 billion uah for the budget. whereas the hole in the budget, some... which today the ministry of finance is trying to close is 500 billion hryvnias 500 and 28, but which we will get at the exit negative: ukraine after the victory will be a great interest site for foreign financial institutions to enter here, foreign investments for development of ukraine, reconstruction, and many, many other positive things, and with which we are today giving a signal that ukrainian state. as a partner can

change the rules at any time, even retroactively for your business, and when, for example, financial institutions that will consider, for example, buying a stake in a state-owned bank in ukraine, we know that a law has now been passed that will stimulate the sale of a state stake in the banking sector, which of the foreign partners may be interested in buying a stake in ukraine or a whole state-owned one, such as a bank, if today it is an unforeseeable situation. and when you are told that it was a one-time story in extraordinary conditions, and it is repeated for the second time, and it can be repeated for the third and fourth time, that is, we show a certain immaturity of the state apparatus, that is, we are that segment of business, that is, that segment of the economy, like banks, which is also very transparent, and it is very easy to look at the bank's balance sheet, for example, because banks work in the dark and are obliged, according to the regulation of the national bank, to show all their reporting in full. about showing the reporting

just right, i don't remember the number now, but there was quite a lot and also criticism that you see, despite everything, banks show a good income, so why not, for example, take additional taxes from this income, apparently, this is exactly what the deputies talked about in the session hall, introducing this initiative, absolutely, and you know, we communicate with the deputies, we inform them ... in the language of numbers, i will now try to explain in the simplest possible language, we analyzed from the statistical reports the profit that all banking institutions show today, we are not talking about one specific bank, we are talking about all 62 banks that are in ukraine are working, and i want to say that income from deposit certificates, which are available only to banks that provide this and that instrument, because it is the most criticized instrument, which provides an opportunity for banks to...

make the national bank in the income structure , it is only a quarter, only 25%, all other 75% are loans to legal entities, loans to individuals, commissions and work with bonds of the domestic state loan, which is available not only to banks, but also to ordinary citizens, any business, and so on, so this is, you know, a little substitution of the facts, which i don't know who, whether the people's deputies or maybe someone else want to show a little... point a distorted picture, i think that this is a very bad signal, we give first of all to international partners, that ours is such unpredictability, and this is a bad signal, and i believe that before the second reading we must work out these tax changes very carefully, taxes for war must be raised, it is possible, and it is unpleasant, but this is a normal reality in the conditions of war, only it has be warned if we accepted today the law that will apply from the 25th year is the rules of the normal game, but not retroactively,

but not there twice, three times, you understand, yes, yes, yes, thank you for the clarification, the dialogue continues, discussions, i think will still be heated around taxes, on the activities of financial institutions, andriy dubas, president of the association of ukrainian banks, joined the column about money during the war, i follow tax changes, it will still be heated, discussions are ongoing, i will finish my column for today, but a big one is going on broadcast, there will be more later, watch us, thank you oleksandr, and i'm here i will answer briefly, because they write in the chat, so that you understand that we are reacting. uh, in our country they call an inscription under the air that there is an explosion in lviv and they say that we are lying here, no, espresso is not lying, there was an explosion in lviv, a fire extinguisher exploded in the college, four injured, children, in the hospital, they lost consciousness there , that is, there was such a fact, no one is saying that it was a bomb or a rocket, but there was an explosion,

so before you write, or call the channel there that they are lying, do something else like that, you can just search for information, check, it's not difficult, click there with your finger, if you're not for... i talked about the next interpretations of dovzhenko, and yulena chenna will tell more. greetings rion, please have a word. congratulations, congratulations to vasyl, congratulations to our viewers, here it turns out that another 160 years since the birth of mykhailo kotsiubynskyi have also been celebrated a little in parallel, i will tell you how in just a second.

so, serhiy trimbych recently received a golden award for his contribution to cinema. the ceremony took place last week and serhii trimpach is one of the few such famous people of ours film experts, and he himself says that we actually have very few film experts, we need more of them, because there, for example, there are more or less enough people working on the creative heritage of our writers. number of people, much less work is being done on the legacy of the same dovzhenko than necessary, but he also says that now we are celebrating the 130th anniversary of dovzhenko's birthday, but mr. serhii says that he would prefer to celebrate it by other

methods, not by installing it there monuments or something else, but some kind of lectures, conversations and most importantly re... watching ribbons, restoration of ribbons, because he says, and he also said this before about the fact that people from school mostly and mainly know the enchanted gum, and this is not enough, they do not study the same land very much, i want to remind you that the restored land was often shown accompanied by the music of dakha brakha, and i was several times at... this concert at this screening, and it wasn't just sold out, people were just crowding each other there, because it's really relevant. what does serhii trimbach say about dovzhenko, he says he usually talks about him for a long time, a lot, and

here at the lecture, as you saw the video, unfortunately, not so many people came to listen to it all, usually, i saw here regulars of the cinema house, people who usually come here... to listen to something, but very often they talk and now rethink the very personality of oleksandr dovzhenko, they talk about him really, like a propagandist, and remember that he was friends with stalin, how they walked at night in night moscow, and how dovzhenko told him a lot of things, so that dovzhenko was more talkative, and stalin was silent with him, and so they say they were walking, walking, and stalin was constantly... listening to what dovzhenko was telling him there, and it was believed that dovzhenko could tell him things that others would not have dared, the other was shot, but they listened to dovzhenko, but in there are people who say that dovzhenko was

an absolute propagandist, we remember that he was in the army of the ukrainian people's republic, and then he shot tapes that showed the army negatively, and we can remember a whole scene there, how he showed it. the directory, as he showed it to petliur, in absolutely such a comical tone, as is usual for ukrainians and petliur in particular, and then mezepa, that is, before that the image of mezepa, then the image of bandera, and... it was somewhere the same, and in particular it was created by oleksandr dovzhenko from my point of view, but from another point of view serhii trimbych says that oleksandr dovzhenko was one of those artists, certainly talented, because even genius, who created the myth of ukraine, and the myth is not in the sense of a lie, in the sense of such a cultural phenomenon that exists in every country with a developed culture, in italy it was created by local directors. in the states, the myth of america was created by hollywood, and we certainly had fewer of them

opportunities, but oleksandr dovzhenko was one of those people who created this myth, and well, i would like us to really talk more about him, that's exactly how he was, honestly, talk about what he was like, what was special about his tapes, why they are called genius, what kind of films the world... directors of the world imitated the manner of oleksandr dovzhenko, well , also, if we talk about the portrait of this director, serhiy trimbych once also told that there is no need to make dovzhenko such a glamorous image, that's why that he he was not like that, he was a rather rude person, because such a soft, mushy person would not have taken such tapes, but what the hell, vasyl, i have everything, look, don't miss it. some screenings of oleksandr dovzhenko's films have been restored, i hope they will be shown in different

cities, and in the center of dovzhenko, for example, too. yes, i will only say briefly and call on all connoisseurs of dovzhenko’s work to know more about him, to read at least his diaries, they are published, a large book, and to remember his words when living in moscow, wrote when i die. in severe loneliness , take my heart and bury it in sweet ukraine, in ukrainian land. i hope that one day we will rebury dovzhenko in dear ukraine, as i recall, he is buried in moscow. unfortunately. well, let's do it, and in general defeat this enemy ukraine, donate to the needs of the armed forces of ukraine and do what we can do now to support the armed forces, so the espresso tv channel and the vesna charitable fund continue to collect funds for the purchase modern drones and... electronic warfare systems for the third separate assault brigade, as well as for the 110th and 47th mechanized brigades

of the armed forces of ukraine. the defenders in the donetsk direction every day deter enemy attacks, defend our freedom, future and our lives with you. it was these soldiers who stood to the last and defended the avdiiv direction in that difficult, terrible spring of the 24th, when there was a significant lack of ammunition. you can see all the details on the screen. thank you for being with us, about what the weather will be like in ukraine. literally tomorrow natalka didenko will tell you in a moment, i will say goodbye to you until tomorrow at 18:10. synoptical hello to all, our dear viewers, you and i will, of course, talk about the synoptical situation that is expected in the coming days, about magnetic storms, whether they will happen or not, and we will start our meeting by looking into the meteorological dictionary, we will from time to time with you... we together remember or study the terms and their meanings, because now

our attention is focused on a large part of the countries of europe, where there is a simply catastrophic flood at times, so we let's remember what a flood actually is, so a flood, a flood, a flood is a natural disaster, a natural element that occurs when water goes beyond its usual shores and inundates large areas of land, well, the terms... flood and flood, that's normal are synonyms. in hydrology, floods are regular overflows of water bodies that usually occur every year and often do not cause a natural disaster. irregular spills are called floods. and usually the cause of the flood is a significant increase in the water level. this happens in rivers as a result of the increase water flow due to melting snow, heavy, very heavy rains. and on the lakes as a result of overflow. the inflow of water above the leak, often the cause of the flood can be, well, additional,

at least the wind, which, so to speak, drives the water, well, and also one of the reasons for the rise of water can be the obstruction of the leak due to technical malfunctions, the breakthrough of water to the plain, the level of which is located below the water level, well, such floods usually occur as a result of dam breaks or changes in the river channel, dam breaks just happened m... e in the countries of central europe due to strong catastrophic, i would say, floods. i will emphasize once again, ukraine will fortunately avoid such a natural disaster, we prevail. it is dry weather, and where there will be rains, we will certainly talk to you. moving on, we go to the review of geomagnetic activity, and now for your attention is a forecast chart, from which you can see that the oscillations will be observed, but they will not be too active, too powerful, so we just observe as always and move on to the actual forecast the weather so,

the weather is expected in the western regions of ukraine in the coming days of september 18, well, i would say. moderately warm, somewhere from 19 to 22° to 23, rain in places, precipitation is not expected in the north of ukraine, 24-27°, it will be very warm in the north of ukraine, almost the warmest, by the way, the weather is also warm in the east 25-27°, dry , it is clear that significant precipitation is unlikely in the central part of ukraine, except in the western regions. there is a chance of light rains at 22-26 above zero, in the south of ukraine tomorrow there will be short-term rains, maybe even thunderstorms will thunder, and the air temperature will not be too high, 22-25° is expected in the southern part of ukraine, and in kyiv tomorrow, september 18, the weather is expected to be dry,

clear and warm, the maximum air temperature will be around +25-26°, and of course forecast, the weather should always be carefully monitored, because it can change, the atmosphere is a complex organism, so detailed forecasts, as always, are with us on the espresso channel. good evening, we are from ukraine. i'm oleksandr morshchevka, congratulations, this is an espresso interview, and today we're talking about energy, after all. russia continues to actively target energy infrastructure, and it is clear that such attacks will continue. how to save objects, how to develop the industry during a great war. we will talk about this with olga kosharna, an independent expert on nuclear energy and safety. i congratulate you. congratulations. mrs. olya, this was the reporting

press conference of the head of the cabinet of ministers. denys shmehal once again emphasized that the winter could be... the hardest in the last three years, of course, because of the problem in the energy sector. a lot of people talked about it last year, and this summer, and already preparing for the heating season, is it possible to say about some clearly worked out protection strategy, development strategy, or for now we are again hoping for money from international partners, that they are about to give us some additional generators there, about to be financed addition... reconstruction of distribution stations, can we now be proud of our steps? unfortunately, time was lost, it's a year and a half, and these missile combined shelling by shahed and rockets since march, probably march of this year, they

were aimed at destroying the generation, and thus were. almost all the capacities of coal-fired thermal power plants were damaged, as you know, dnipro-hes, two, hes-1, hes-2 were damaged, well , almost all of them were also damaged, and these are very important capacities for the operation of the unified energy system, for balancing, because electricity consumption is not uniform, at night there are also peaks, there is a morning peak and... a black peak, and then thermal power plants and hydroelectric power plants were connected, and even, for example, last year, on the 23rd, hydropower plants allowed us to go through a period without shutdowns in december, this is not the season for them, and when the flood happened,

unfortunately, hydropower plants suffered . when they could produce a lot of electricity, but were damaged. what has been done? as for ukrenergo facilities, this is our system operator, who is responsible for the stable functioning of the combined power system, who dispatches and gives commands which units of the power plant to raise, for example, there were previously thermal and so on, nuclear. power plants, they work in the base, they are not shunting, that is, they have reached their nominal capacity and must work on an even schedule, and when there was a period... here we had a shutdown of the 22nd winter of the 23rd year, then they offered to use electrical appliances at night powerful,

because the stations were working smoothly and there was such an imbalance, and it was not enough on a day when offices, enterprises are working and the population is going to work, as for these objects, ukrenergo is responsible for such high-voltage main transformer substations lines, there are also operators of distribution systems, this is oblenergo, they have other facilities, there are transformers, which, for example, along with nuclear plants, open distribution devices, in order to transfer and issue power. how many managed to protect all

these locations? well, according to the information, there are 200 such substations, so ukrainergo-60 protected the second level of protection, but this is only from the shahedovs, these are concrete structures, the first level is gabions there, crushed stone with sand, the second is such structures, concrete figurative, but from the wreckage of the shahedov rocket, there is no ballistic missile protection, and when i hear some underground, something, well, that, first of all, well, the cost must be estimated, maybe, as well as, ukraenerga thanks to such cooperation with our foreign... partners, with system operators of europe, they made a large stock of transformers, transformers, they are also not produced quickly, in particular

high-voltage ones, and they did, so, for example, the last very powerful attack on august 26, a lot was destroyed, but the destruction was of a smaller scale than could have been... to be, if ukrenergo did not implement second-level protection. you mentioned that international partners trusted both the supervisory board and the management of ukrenergo, there were investments, there was technological and technical support. but then, why did they fire the head of ukrenergo, volodymyr kudrytskyi. in fact, several members of the supervisory board left with them, and international partners still doubted that we have transparency in corporate governance. comment on this situation. well, first of all, i am monitoring the situation, the first such attempts to release kudrytskyi were in december 21, which i don't like, that

this is on the eve of the invasion of russia, and it happened not only sukonergo, was changed, for example, the head of the state security inspectorate, the head of state regulation hryhoriy plachkov in december, were free. the director of physical protection, the deputy general directors of the as for physical protection in december and january of 22, that is, there was some kind of systematic such campaign, and then the ministry issued an order to change the members of the board, appointing their own people there, but saved kodrivsky then, the ambassador usa in ukraine, that is. the next day she came to the minister and the next day they canceled this order and everything remained, several times such attempts were made,

criminal cases were opened there, bulletproof vests, we remember, although i remember that i saw her all the time in kiev i am there, and i myself took part in the search for these bulletproof vests at any cost, in your opinion, why were there such radical personnel. and there was also an attempt to dismiss the head of ukrhydroenergo, too, in november and december of the 21st year, but then the supervisory board of ukrhydroenergo did not allow it to do everything, ratu remained in office, why because the ministry wants to centralize and manage. by all companies, since galushchenko, he, left energoatom, he was vice-president there

and became a minister, then... it is clear that these personnel policies there in energoatom, well, these are all people, some of galushchenko's circle, in fact, to say the hole andriy, who was recognized in the 22nd year as already a traitor in ukraine, let me remind you that the usa, he has been under sanctions since the 20th year, so this is an attempt to manage financial flows, help er and so on, with state procurement, unlike the ukrenergo nuclear power plant, everything was bought cheaper at open auctions, that is, there was no corruption margin, and she is the leader of this direction, she was invited to the ministry of defense, because she showed outstanding results , savings and so on, this was such an effort. to

nuclear generation, to what extent can we bet on the future today, that nuclear power units will continue to be built, in particular at the khmelnytskyi station, perhaps there are prospects for the chihoryn station, frozen project, it is now being talked about, whether ukraine will really be a nuclear power in the future, i support the development of nuclear energy, but not now, now it is not... at the moment, i want to remind you that the system responsible for the stable operation of the energy system operator ukrenergo. according to the law on the electricity market, once a year they develop a report on the adequacy of capacity, generating capacity, based on the use of computer model tools, verified by several models, they calculate. generations, all

types, how many basic generation ones are needed, how many are needed maneuverable, gas-powered, and so on. the last report, it was, well , the information was open, there was an international conference, the decentralization of electric power, organized by ukrenergo, the following figures were announced: they see a perspective for 10 years. in total, it is 12 gw, of which 3 gw (3,000 mw), i.e. it is based on gas and biogas, 4 gw of a solar power plant, up to 5 gw of a wind power plant, and 1,000 megawatts are storage batteries for balancing, that is , okrenergo does not see new energy units in

his strategy. and why well, because now , after 9 gvs were destroyed within six months in ukraine, we have no reserves, and we have to go through the winter, and, for example, only 60 of the gas, gas-piston, and other gas-powered ones promised to the ministers by the president were built before the winter mw, from 1000 megawatts to 60, moreover. so when this figure was announced , it was promising, it must have been miscalculated, i don’t know what can be done before winter, i’m not sure that it was miscalculated, because all i see is energy pr, president zelenskyy said, i don’t like energy pr, but well, there is an energy pr, because i see these statements are reassuring, galushchenko, kotina, everything is there, in fact it is a gas turbine installation. which

was presented by the us government in december 23rd year, was installed only in june of this year, 24 mw, the minister instructed to install it, and this is a demonstrative example, that is, in the future , of course, you can count on the construction of new nuclear power plants, as if there is a chegerinskaya nuclear power plant blocks, but if you are really talking about what is needed quickly, qualitatively and already yesterday. how much to bet already solar wind, hydro, biodiesel have been needed for a long time, to what extent these projects can provide the generation that ukrainians need during the heating season, in particular, well, now i hope for big ukrainian business, when did they see what was happening with the loss of 9,000 megawatts and when businesses.