because the enemy strikes, they were directed, as a rule, to high-voltage substations, where there are very powerful transformers, and a sufficiently large amount of equipment is also damaged, and of course, the oblenergo substation is already of such a lower power, but we must remember that we have this distribution network, trunk and e... high-voltage distribution networks, they were built to transport electricity, well, more than 55 thousand megawatts, there are somewhere up to 70 thousand megawatts, why, because we exported, we had the most powerful 750 lines in the world kv, but also at the expense of that margin of safety, despite the fact that today...

we consume 12-13 thousand megawatts, and the enemy does not manage to achieve such a total blackout in ukraine, but we know that this is the last one there under during the war, constant strikes on energy equipment, and even official sources there, the ministry of energy, the government, sometimes say that

more than 70% of the... maximum, and i will also remind her that we plan to increase imports, and that's it the passage of the autumn-winter maximum depends on two factors: the first main factor is air defense, which will protect ee... energy facilities, and why, because all these structures of the first degree, the second degree, especially the third degree, which, well some fantastic confijment on the substation, which is on an area of ​​tens of hectares, it is not it is impossible, i don't know who promoted, designed, built these ideas, well, it is impossible to protect these objects with any structures. the only structure

we built that protects is on at the chernobyl nuclear power plant confayment, which protects against radiation, no structure can protect against missiles, in such huge objects, therefore air defense, especially on the distribution devices of nuclear power plants, i mean the direct substations, which... from the nuclear stations, thanks to which electricity is issued, and there was a missile strike about a month ago, when several power units of nuclear plants stopped, these strikes were directly on e-e distribution devices, so this is very important, this is the first factor, the third, the second factor, there are three factors. i apologize, the second

is how massive the strikes will be on the energy infrastructure, i believe that the enemy is preparing for this, and i will tell you why, i am sure of this, they believe that this winter, what, what will it be, we we don't know what it will be, it can be cold, very cold, or it can be warm, thank god that it will be warm, but we remember that for russians, energy is a weapon, and we remember the first energy war, well, it's me i remember, maybe you remember, many people don’t remember, this is the year 1998, when gas was completely cut off in ukraine and we had fuel oil reserves there for two days, few people know about it, then the war of 2005- 6 years, when russia shut off gas to ukraine at... when it was a cold winter,

these are peaceful times, supposedly mutual relations and so on, and the gas war is in its ninth year, and now this is like a chance, i think they are preparing. and we need to strengthen the air defense, well, mr. ivan, mr. ivan, and the third factor, i'll finish, i'm sorry, the third factor is, what kind of winter will it be, if it will be a warm winter, positive temperatures of 0, +5, +7 there and so on, i think that we will come, if it will be -15-20, then we need to prepare directly for us, consumers, citizens of ukraine, to a situation when... electricity will be turned off for such a period, and maybe for a long time. you have already mentioned the level of protection of energy facilities, the former, now former head of ukrenergo volodymyr kudrytskyi also spoke about it, in an interview with the public he described the situation that

currently being developed in the energy sector. let's hear what he said. more than 60 ukrenergo facilities are currently protected. the so-called second-level protection, according to the classification of the general staff, these are large concrete, reinforced concrete structures, the size of a five-story building, which mainly protect autotransformers, the most critical and vulnerable equipment, and i also said that such structures are built exclusively at ukrenergo substations, exclusively at ukrenergo substations, this means that nowhere else, nowhere, no no no others. objects, they, on unfortunately, they have not been built yet, and when i presented this report to the supervisory board, there were no remarks, comments, there were no negative comments on this report, mr. ivan, one more thing,

very briefly, one more thing about what you said about these substations, which stand near the ukrainian substations, or which ensure the activities of the ukrainian... the politika newspaper writes that the russians will obviously attack these substations. taking into account what kudrytskyi said and the situation with these substations, because you mentioned that the russians were already involved in these substation near the as, in the west of ukraine, and the situation there was critical, i understand that this information was not widely disclosed, but this story was there. what will happen if the russians survive these substations. on the ac, and what to do with this defense, which kudrytsky is talking about, is the patriot system the best defense after all, well, look, kudrytsky said everything absolutely correctly, well, if he had commented on his dismissal and his

accusation that he did not was being built, kudrytsky did not say whether these structures are effective or not, it is possible to protect the transformer. but a substation is not only a transformer, it is switches, and a disconnection, there is a lot of equipment there, and therefore, if even the transformer is not damaged, then this transformer substation can be turned into, i don't know what, and it will be , and it will not work and and there for six months, so i say once again, air defense, even... as for buildings, we also heard the prime minister, somewhere in his interview he said: and we are of the third degree, what are the most these turtle eyes or something like that, they, they are expensive, there are tens of billions hryvnias are gone, he says, we canned

because our international partners said that they could not be effective, can you imagine how much money was spent on construction, and we waited until... the partners already said that they are not effective, stop , now we will preserve, although we said about it two years ago, well, it is like that, so i want to once again, i i i apologize, i want to say once again that we need to prepare for the worst scenario everyone, a cold winter and there will be massive blows, we will endure everything, absolutely. no, maybe of a total blackout, the probability is there, but, but it is not high, but we need to do everything to reduce these consequences, thank you, we have to finish, mr. ivan, thank you for the conversation, it was ivan plachkov, the head

of the all-ukrainian council of the energy assembly, the former minister of fuel and energy, friends, let's look at the results of our interim survey, which survey we are conducting. would you come to the united states of america or the eu if you had the chance, so 25% yes, 75% no. peresnev has discounts on relief, 10% in psarynyk, bam and oskad pharmacies. when you sleep on an uneven surface, the spine takes the wrong position, because you cannot feel energetic in the morning and productive during the day, and with toper matrik you will forget that you are sleeping on an imperfect surface. order a matryk top for comfortable sleep at an affordable price. more and more ukrainian families choose topper matryk, which comes. packaging that is easy enough to remove. within a day after removing the factory film, it can

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greetings friends, the second part of the verdict program is live on the espresso tv channel, my name is serhiy rudenko, and in this part we will talk about the following. tax hikes begin. the verkhovna rada adopted the updated tax bill in the first reading. why do experts say about its

inefficiency and predict the transition of legal business into the shadows? 90% ready. volodymyr zelenskyi's victory plan for ukraine will be presented to key western partners as soon as next week. when will ukrainians learn about its content? ukrainian issue. in the us elections. foreign policy dominates the current american election campaign. what are the prospects for ending the russian-ukrainian war - promise haris and. trump. we will talk about all this in the next 45 minutes. however, before starting our conversation, friends, i want to remind you that we are working live on the espresso tv channel, as well as on our youtube and facebook platforms. you can join our pages on these platforms, like this video, and also take part in our survey.

today we ask you: would you move to the united states of america or the european union if you had to? opportunity , we are conducting this survey in the context of a sociological survey of the kyiv international institute of sociology of the kmis, and they asked ukrainians whether they would, in the case of obtaining citizenship of the united states of america or the countries of the european union, whether they would did you stay in ukraine anyway? 79% of ukrainians said: yes, the absolute majority, we are interested to know what you... think about it and would you move to the states and the european union if you had such an opportunity? yes no it's pretty simple on youtube if you have an opinion please leave it in the comments below this video if you vote on your phone while watching tv if you would move to the states and the eu if you had the chance

0800-211-381, no 0800-211-382. all calls to these numbers are free, vote at the end of the program, we will sum up the results of this vote. i would like to introduce the guests of today's studio, they are people's deputies of ukraine, oleksandr merezhko, chairman of the parliamentary committee on foreign policy and interparliamentary cooperation, member of the servant of the people. mr. alexander, i congratulate you. thank you for the invitation, it is always a pleasure to be with you. thank you for participating in our program. rostyslav pavlenko, people's deputy of ukraine from european solidarity, member. the parliamentary committee on education, of science and innovation, former director of the national institute of strategic studies, mr. rosdyslav, i also congratulate you, thank you for joining the broadcast, good evening, congratulations, thank you zaksana savchuk, people's deputy of ukraine, from the all-ukrainian freedom association, member of the parliamentary committee on of transport and infrastructure, ms. oksanna, i welcome you,

thank you for being with us, good evening to you and all our viewers, ladies and gentlemen, let's start our. talking about domestic politics, even i would say with internal tax policy, because today the verkhovna rada of ukraine adopted in the first reading a new version of the government bill on tax increases, and that a new version is foreseen, an increase in the military levy from 1.5% to 5%, an increase in taxes on the first and second groups of fop, advance payments on ez, 1% on all forms of fop. of the third group, 25% of the profit for the financial institution, the monthly reporting of the personal income tax, this is for economic booking, 50% is the tax on the profit of banks in the 24th year. people's deputy of ukraine, oleksiy honcharenko criticized the tax bill, which, in his opinion, will deal a blow to legal business. let's listen to what honcharenko said. this

will mean a decrease in the income of ukrainians, once. second, it will mean. when we talk about fops, price increases, two, this will mean the possible closure, well, even impossible, for sure the closure of at least part of the entrepreneurs, and already this year 100 thousand small businesses have closed, a colossal number in fact, and it must be understood that every small the enterprise is not only itself an entrepreneur, but also his family. ms. oksana, did you vote for these tax changes and is it time for approval now. such a bill, taking into account the fact that this is really a tax increase for those businesses and entrepreneurs who already pay taxes, that is, we are not talking about detinization, we are talking about increasing taxes for those who are decent, i understand taxpayers? look, i did not vote, because i am convinced that it will significantly affect some points of this

draft law, which will significantly affect ordinary people, who today anyway do not have too much high salaries, and for them 5% of the military levy will be very wonderful, especially for those who have a small salary, for them it will be really important and tangible and the same for e-fops, so in this situation i can only say that we definitely no one was against the fact that taxes were raised where possible, but we were against the fact that those who work honestly and in a white manner were once again taxed and they despaired of themselves. and where we still have not been finalized by fixed bodies, and this money is in the shadows, or it is crushed by certain different groups, that is, nothing happened to them in it again. they will not be affected so much by it, so the situation is that now many of the people with that, well, they think, already calculate how much it will be 5% of the same

salary of 12 00 or 13 00 of a nurse or a teacher, and start really think about how they will calculate their family budget for the fall, for the winter and beyond, but it is absolutely obvious that the increase in taxes for entrepreneurs and for people will lead to... also to an increase or rise in prices or services, because entrepreneurs and enterprises will want to transfer these expenses, or these taxes, tax increases to us ordinary consumers, that is, it is not about the fact that only those who pay, they will suffer, in principle, this tax burden will be shared by all consumers , all ukrainians, and mr. oleksandr, here's a question for you, what do you think or not? what other option is there than raising taxes, it is clear that 500 billion hryvnias or whatever must be collected for the budget, it is clear that there is a war, that the military levy must be higher, because

the army must be maintained and we must do our best so that we can provide for ourselves, because sooner or later western aid will decrease or stop altogether, and we must think about how to properly build financing and in... inside the state, was there any other option? well, in order to professionally answer this difficult question, you need to be an economist and have deep, thorough knowledge of economics and tax law. unfortunately, i am not such an economist, i am a lawyer, an internationalist, essentially a scientist, but i know that raising taxes is an extremely unpopular matter for any party, the fact is that there simply are none. alternatively, economists and politicians will debate whether or not to raise taxes, whether there are any alternatives, i don't know, i don't have

the answers to that question, but i do know that we are in an extremely difficult economic environment with russian aggression. i know that the budget deficit is huge for next year, how are you going to solve this issue, i don't know either, and unfortunately, in my opinion, there is just... there is no other exit, no matter how popular it is, every politician wants to be popular, of course, every politician wants not to raise but to lower taxes, but unfortunately, we have to deal with reality, and it is very difficult. thank you, mr. oleksandr, and it is clear that even rostislav pavlenko is not an economist, but there are some things that experts usually talk about when raising taxes, for example, a large shadow economy, a large scheme at customs, large kickbacks, which which are taken by high-ranking officials, and every time it gets into the information sphere, the usual

the taxpayer always thinks, well , they want to take additional tax deductions from my small salary to the budget, and they take bribes of a million, 2 million each, they don't have any taxes and... where does this money come from, and if they such people are spinning at the level of the military commissar of some boryspil or buchi, it is not clear what is happening there in the upper echelons in general, whether, mr. rostyslav, in the current situation it is necessary to consider this increase in taxes together with other sources of filling the budget, which, on unfortunately, they do not fill the budget, but bypass the budget, well, you are very... very right to say, i would say even more, in principle, experience in public administration is enough to emphasize that raising taxes is

only an extreme and last way of filling budget or provision of the necessary payments, because the first thing to do is the effective use of the available money, and when the ministry of finance says that from the money taken from the income tax. 45% of the military was spent last year, and 65% this year that is planned for the corresponding period, well, excuse me, then we need to change the method of channeling these funds so that they reach the military, that is why, for example, we proposed and will propose until the second reading in this project to return to the formula when the communities can directly provide brigades and... we and everything necessary, this is the first. second, you're right about schematoses and the like, it's not a big secret that there are issues that can be resolved very quickly in 14-15 years.

filled the budget, simplifying management, reducing, not increasing, for example, the single social contribution and so on. there are things that will have a fairly quick effect, and only today we accepted something on customs, on public procurement, all these issues could be resolved, and the tax bill appeared as early as july, not to mention what else could have been earlier to do this, european solidarity proposed a solution, as did other colleagues there, but now it is being done in haste. the third thing that can be done, if you are already talking about raising taxes, then tax what will cause no less pain. how much is said about the gambling business, how much is said about tobacco, how much is said about alcohol, how much is said about excessive consumption, we don't see that, instead we see taxes that are aimed at those who work legally, who work in the white, or as

an employee , receiving fee, or as an individual entrepreneur, trying to provide for himself, there and his acquaintances, friends, relatives and so on, and this looks a bit dishonest approach, well, in the end, you know what you are facing, how to raise taxes, it is desirable to cut spending a little, because we found, even with such a first pass, about 18 billion hryvnias, which could be painlessly cut so that all taxes would have to be raised by a smaller amount. all these proposals were submitted, all these positions were presented, that is, it is not that we go on the air here and criticize, no, all this was proposed as a solution, but either mr. hetmans has some, some textbook is wrong, or it was not enough, you know how they raised taxes for those who don't have lobbyists in the corridors authorities, well, this is a dishonest approach, we are against it, and we will go to the second reading, i hope for the support of colleagues from all factions here, we will convince them that there is still a healthy

economic approach to this. to provide for the military, but not to kill the economy. another important issue that the parliament itself considered is the reset of customs, and this decision has already been made, i really do not understand why this decision was made so late in principle, because i remember very well the beginning of zelenskyi's presidential term, and actually that's how president zelenskyi with andrii bohdan , the head of the office at the time... the president of ukraine used to come to the customs office and have conversations with them , first of all about what kind of car you drive, show your phone or iphone, which iphone do you have, what do you even live on, why, why does it take so long, mr. alexander, i understand that this is not your profile topic, but after all , we all understand what country we live in, we all see how customs officers live in the western , in

the west in... the country is not bad in principle, we understand that they are probably not so big salaries, that they can afford what they can afford, well, as far as customs clearance is concerned, you know, it's better late than never, the thing is, if it wasn't for that, it would always be, you can ask the question, what , which you are now asking, why it was not done earlier, why it was not done during the time of... his president or another president and so on, but the main thing is that it was done, and this is a positive signal, it is good, and it is necessary to say that, according to experts' estimates, up to 150 billion hryvnias in...