to formulate a certain package of polish-ukrainian understanding, so we understand that it would be necessary to resolve several issues that are painful for poland, are painful for ukraine, respectively, at what level these discussions should be, in general, or excuse any prospects for someone took responsibility from the polish elites, so we understand that with all due respect to minister czapotowych, he is not currently the flagship of polish politics, and this too... concerns many worthy people, both in poland and in ukraine, well, there will be solutions to be accepted, i don't know, whether at the level of the prime minister's office in poland, the presidential administration, the office of the president in ukraine, or at some other level, that is, there must be some kind of big package conversation, well, about a package conversation, i would i didn't speak, because the conversations are constantly ongoing, the fact that such controversial moments come out of the public discourse, just shows that the conversations have not yet... reached their

goal of understanding, regarding chapotovych, i would n't dismiss him at all either, that he has no influence , chaputovych teaches in warsaw university, so at least the younger generation can be influenced if he spreads these views among them, and there is no doubt that , as i said, the narrative in poland now dominates after all, which is that ukraine is dehumanizing and does not allow about... texumations and search works, but nothing is mentioned about the fact that at one time poland did not fulfill its obligations, and in principle, very often, when it comes to historical issues, very often, too, it is about , for ukraine to accept the polish version of these events, the polish version of these events is unequivocally, it is not just to condemn the crimes in volyn against the peaceful polish population committed by upa members, but to recognize the

oun-upa formations as criminals. and here we see a collision with the ukrainian legislation, according to which since the 16th year these formations have actually been recognized as fighters for independence, and accordingly it is absolutely logical, because at that time these formations were allowed to commit crimes, but not in their the essence of the whole, and it's parts, departments, again, still remains here. issues of conducting, conducting, because these are in this historians have not solved everything, historians have not solved everything in this question, from the ukrainian side, the problem is that now a large part of historians who paid attention to this issue, or rather researched this issue, they are in the army, they are in the army , they are fighting, and ukraine is also trying to convey this to the polish side, that even now, when poland says that now is the most appropriate moment to resolve these disputed issues, it is not appropriate, it is absolutely not appropriate, because the polish side. is in the salt room

stronger position, she can really outline her narrative, and many questions that have not yet been resolved historically, they are and they remain unresolved, and this actually requires further research, it would be good if this topic disappeared from the political agenda, but unfortunately, it seems to me that it is impossible, thank you for your thoughts, olga popovych, editor of the yearbook. almanac edition of the association of ukrainians in poland was in direct contact with us, we talked about the difficult diplomatic relations between poland and ukraine, and even more so, the latest reasons for discussions that emerged in the public space were also discussed, and well, the situation is not easy, it appears, in a word, we, what, today we will gradually finish working for you with antin borkovskii, yes, but remember that our colleagues will work further, so leave. from espresso,

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and savings. in september, there are discounts on nephrobam, 10% in psyllanyk, bam and oskad pharmacies. we are servicemen of the griga separate unit named after volodymyr griga, of the unmanned aviation complexes of the 76th separate battalion of the 102nd separate brigade. in the zaporozhye direction , combat clashes take place daily due to the constant assaults of the enemy. this does not bypass the gulepil direction, which our battalion has been defending for almost two years. currently we need three times more means of correction and inflicting new damage from the sky, so we are appealing to everyone who cares to collect funds for 20 dji mavic classic drones and 10 3t mavics. yes, the amount is not small, but the life of your siblings and relatives is much more expensive. we really hope for your support, thumbs up and sharing. let's not let the occupier take a single

step further and accelerate the victory together. glory to ukraine. heroes of words. greetings, dear friends, this is the espresso tv channel and there is a program of reconstruction and reconnaissance of cities on the air, i will conduct this special issue for you i, lesya vakulyuk, and this is a project in which we talk about the reconstruction of ukraine, we talk together with experts, we talk about what has been restored. initiatives so that those who need it know what rights and opportunities they have, and we also want to improve the recovery process in different parts of our country. today we will talk about the kharkiv region and the reconstruction of logistics

facilities, the guest of our program is tetyana melnyk, she is an expert on the restoration of municipal infrastructure of the association of cities of ukraine. mrs. tatyana, i congratulate you, i congratulate you. and i i suggest you watch together with our viewers the plot of my colleagues about how bridges in kharkiv region that were damaged by russian rockets are being restored, and then we will talk with you in more detail about the reconstruction. at the beginning of the full-scale invasion in kharkiv oblast , 27 bridges and overpasses were destroyed or damaged, and this... is actually the vascular system of logistics of the entire region. 2022 was the year of fighting for kharkiv oblast. the invaders captured half of the region. the defense forces of ukraine managed to knock them out quite quickly, but in the permanent military maneuvers destroyed all key logistics

routes. first of all - bridges. the transport network was completely paralyzed. this is how the bridges looked after the kharkiv counteroffensive. damages estimate. russian federation winfent was completely destroyed by the remains of concrete and farms. of the structures that were there, they flew up to 50 m. this bridge was destroyed by the russians with targeted missile strikes, today it is almost completely rebuilt. it was completely restored, that is , driven piles, completely foundations, new supports, grill bars, beams and covering, it was completely made from scratch. in the infrastructure restoration and development service , they emphasize that rebuilding bridges is not a luxury. and necessity, some of them are of key importance not only for civilian, but also for

military logistics. the facility is located on highway m03, kyiv-kharkiv-dozhansky, which combines many regions, it is the main artery of road management, one of the most important arteries of road management, humanitarian corridors, and others, which are currently very important for ukraine. from... but also dangerous, especially in areas of hostilities, in particular, this bridge was mined, and now rockets are flying past it. the entire area was mined before the start of the work, we had to wait until they were demined, well, there was no shelling of the area itself, thank god, but there were, well, rockets flew overhead, it happened more than once in our place, where we carried out work on or near hit targets or... to the artificial structure itself, where people, road workers, road workers, construction workers, worked, because of

this they were suspended at some objects on some time of operation, on some it is completely suspended for now. precisely because of the threat of repeated shelling, the service cannot publicly name which bridges have already been restored and which are being completed. it was completely destroyed, and we were rebuilding it from scratch, work on the overpass is being carried out on... acres, it is ready, now the approaches to the chnechoduct, asphalting, as you can see, and arrangement of the lower layers of the road are being arranged. now we are at one object, which is already in the final stages, that is, the implementation of the specified artificial structure is already 97%. what remained, so to speak, in my own words, the marafet, as we call it, are some works of the final stage. and this is one of three bridges in the region. which are completely repaired and put into operation. currently

, 17 bridges are in operation, 10 of them are promised to be commissioned by the end of this year. artem lagutenko, oscar yanson from espresso tv channel. so, i will remind you that you are watching a special edition of the urban reconstruction and development program, and today the guest of our special edition is tetyana melnyk, she is an expert on reconstruction, an expert on recovery issues. infrastructure of the association of cities of ukraine. ms. tetyana, congratulations once again on our airwaves, in fact, there was a story of my colleague about the reconstruction of facilities in the kharkiv region, as told by the head of the kharkiv regional military administration oleg senigubov. in kharkiv oblast, only 30,000 infrastructure facilities actually need such rebuilding and restoration, this is crazy. number, within the framework of the whole of ukraine, do you know about the numbers, how many infrastructure facilities and how many

more of the housing stock of some private households need to be restored? there are, yes, you know, the losses in the field of transport infrastructure are very significant and they are ranked second among all the losses that were caused to ukraine due to the armed aggression of the russian federation. this is about 20% of all direct losses and, according to the assessment that was made at the end of 2023, it is about 37 billion us dollars, the first place in terms of losses, in terms of infrastructure damage, is housing itself, residential infrastructure, and these are very significant losses, and they make up a total of about 40... percent, almost 40%, but we are on today we operate with data from the end of 2023,

when the rapid assessment of damages caused by armed aggression (rdna-3) was prepared and prepared - this is a report that is prepared jointly by the world bank, the united nations, the government of ukraine and the european commission, and such a report is just at the end on the 23rd of the year, we are just waiting for the updated data. and in general, as regards the social infrastructure in territorial communities, a very significant number of educational institutions were also damaged, that is... 3,800 institutions were damaged, there are also destroyed objects, and such damages make up about 5%, but today we understand that during the year 2024, during these more than eight months , new destructions of both residential and very

strongly energy infrastructure took place, which will also increase the volume and possibly... change the proportions of these losses, probably that in relation to housing, i also wanted to say that in relation to housing, such volumes, they reach more than, if translated into hryvnias, more than 3 trillion hryvnias, this is a very large volume of losses and the need to restore not only direct losses, but and the need for their restoration is calculated houses, who is responsible for the restoration of objects? infrastructure, and whose responsibility is the restoration of residential buildings? there are currently various programs, various mechanisms for recovery, of course local self-government bodies work, the state works, international partners, international organizations, many foreign countries, european countries help directly to communities,

for example, the baltic countries, estonia, latvia , lithuania provide up to... assistance to the de-occupied communities of kyiv region, in buch in particular. besides we are very aware of denmark's fruitful close cooperation with the mykolaiv city territorial community and the mykolaiv region in general. this is such a long-term program aimed, if first of all at the beginning, it was directed at the provision of humanitarian aid items such as equipment, means. of the first necessity, programs for longer-term support of the city in its restoration and development, in the planning of these restoration and development, are already being prepared. does it make sense to rebuild all objects, if we talk about infrastructure objects that have been gilded as a result of the russian attacks, there may be such objects that are already morally obsolete, and if

they are to be restored, then in fact they should be built from scratch according to some new principles. or the latest technologies, in order to answer this question, you need to understand how our recovery planning system is built today, today we already have several different documents that, in particular, local self-government bodies must develop in order to plan their recovery, just to study those needs, to analyze what is necessary... to do what not need to be restored, what are the higher priority projects that can be implemented a little later, but today in the legislation there are such a number, not that they are contradictions, but issues that need to be agreed in order to establish and make the restoration process more effective, because

there are several various documents, and the recovery plan and recovery program, which are provided for by law. communities also develop development strategies, other sectoral documents that relate to the development of various areas at the local level or solving certain issues. in addition, it lasted for a very long time, but today we can say that the state strategy of regional development has been updated, which formulated the main challenges that, including those caused by armed aggression, are being resisted. to such challenges, i am referring to such a strategic document, which will be adopted here in the updated edition in august, communities can plan more carefully, better understanding what challenges at the national level stand for recovery, can take into account in their development strategies, also those goals , which

posed in the state strategy, another problematic issue is that there is no separate, clearly defined source of funding for these planning... documents, there is a recovery plan, but there is no clear source of funding for it, of course, local self-government bodies approve programs from their local budgets, carry out financing for urgent needs, including for providing housing, for the reconstruction of some houses, if these budgets are capable and have such funds, therefore... the question is extremely important and acute regarding the fact that local budgets were capable in the future and in the next year, and this is relevant today, because... the budget process is ongoing and the association of cities of ukraine defends such important issues that concern the filling of local budgets and in relation to pdpo and in relation to other

sources of income. well, as we know, the communities say that they often do not have enough money for reconstruction, and then they do not refuse any offers from other countries to join, as, for example, in lviv, when there was a rocket. attack when damaged several houses, and the minister, the prime minister of poland, donald tusk offered his help, but he offered help for reconstruction, he said that they will choose some houses that they will rebuild, of course, the rest of the houses, this will be the responsibility of the city budget , and these are large amounts, these are very significant amounts, there are also, of course, state programs that are planned in the state budget for 2025, but... these amounts, although they sound like very significant, are up to a billion hryvnias for the programs of and hom, which provide for the restoration of the damaged and

of destroyed housing, specifically for residential objects, but if we are talking about the need for more than 3 trillion, and this is as of the end of the 23rd year, we understand that such losses have increased significantly over the current year, then we understand that these funds will be very... already insufficient, other sources, other resources are also needed. how is it determined which object should be rebuilt first, whether to tackle a bridge, or a road, or a school? this is exactly what the plan for the recovery of the territorial community should respond to, as the document on which it should be based, in addition, of course, it is at the level of ministries some... sectoral priorities, where they determine for themselves which objects are more important, but first of all a plan for the restoration of the territorial

community must be drawn up, where the priority of such objects must be determined and what must be restored first of all , however , territorial communities are still waiting for approval at the central level of the list of restoration territories, because there were... the criteria for determining such territories were approved in the 23rd year, then these criteria underwent some changes, now we are still waiting until the list of restoration areas will be officially approved at the level of a government decision, and the speed of development of restoration plans also depends on this, the challenges are actually these plans, yes money, but... not only that, because in our country, as we saw in the story , and what the builders say, we are starting the restoration process, and again someone may fly nearby, and this is also a challenge, and, besides,

mostly men work at the restoration sites, because it is hard work, and men are first and foremost needed at the front, what challenges they actually face the city and the country face each other in the process of reconstruction. in general, such challenges are mostly connected with the armed aggression itself, with the destruction of the infrastructure, but not exclusively, because the infrastructure was inadequate even before the armed aggression, i mean outdated equipment, outdated production, somewhere non -inclusive infrastructure in some institutions, it also needs updating. there are special approaches, in addition, today there are certain new regulations, new requirements for various infrastructure facilities, and this must be taken into account when purchasing. there are other challenges

of course, the damage caused to nature, caused to the nature reserve fund, destroyed, burned forests, which increased greenhouse gas emissions very much, very much. we have an impact on ecology due to armed aggression, very significant challenges also concern the migration of the population, internal displacement and departure of our citizens abroad. we understand that communities will only recover when there is a population in these communities, not then, but in the event that the population can return, and these should be interrelated processes, so we also expect adoption on the state... level of the state demographic strategy, which will determine some tasks, measures that will be implemented in order to return citizens to communities. there will be

some community support programs in the field of supporting people, we also have very significant educational losses, due to the fact that students have been studying remotely for a very long time, the quality of education has decreased, many do not have the opportunity to study at all, those and the subsidy that was provided to arrangement of shelters in educational institutions. she was in the 22nd year, she was she had it in the 23rd year and in the 24th to the 25th year, unfortunately, funds are not provided for arranging shelters in educational institutions, but the need is still, still there is in educational institutions in order to arrange there are safe conditions for students, such challenges require state policy, i also wanted to ask you

about roads and bridges, because sometimes people say where and which roads are not in time, it would be a roof over your head here, but is it in time , how timely, and why is it, why is it still important? first of all, the road gives an opportunity to prove humanitarian aid, to provide some kind of urgent support, in some cases it is the evacuation of the population, because we understand that... there are such front-line communities that are very close to the front line, and it is necessary to be able to evacuate citizens, of course, this is the organization and provision of the defense of those inhabited points that are nearby, very close to the front line. what is the number of these mutilated road bridges that need to be restored now? and that's a total of about

20%, more than 20% of all the losses that there are, and that's about 37 billion us dollars, as of the end of of the 23rd year, thus, according to this quick assessment, prepared jointly by international institutions and the government of ukraine, which were made, at the end of the 23rd year, it is with such data that we operate new ones, until... we do not have, how many approximately time, is there any understanding needed in order to restore all, all roads and all bridges, unfortunately, it is impossible to say for sure, because it depends on many factors and on the amount of funding, on how quickly these funds will be provided , how effective all procedures will be,

how much labor will be enough for... construction, but as you already mentioned, uh, there are certain problems with the fact that a lot of workers and materials are needed, all this also needs to be organized and find such resources, not only financial, as well as human, material and technical, and others. ms. tetyana, thank you for the conversation, thank you for these figures and for explaining where, what... challenges we are facing in the process of rebuilding the country tetyana melnyk, an expert on the restoration of municipal infrastructure of the association of cities of ukraine, was our guest today guest, i would like to remind you that you watched the special edition of the urban reconstruction and development program, thank you for being with us, my name is lesya vokulyuk and we will see you next saturday at 6:30 p.m., stay tuned to espres tv channel.

18 in ukraine, bring to your attention a news release on the espresso tv channel. iryna koval works for you in the studio. and we start with the situation in kharkiv. there were just explosions, the occupiers attacked a nearby suburb, the mayor of the city, ihor terekhov, said. you are asked to stay until the air alarm goes off in ukryti, because in...