exit, a classic story that when you want to joke very, very boldly, then joke about yourself, then everything will be forgiven, because you can joke about yourself as much as you want, every time you can say: listen, i can about myself, i can i can joke as much as i want, i have to think about others, it’s better not to go there at all, so as not to record such videos, but hey, with the help of such situations, at least somehow... we go through what we didn’t go through before, that is, we somehow start these red lines to see, somehow outline them, because before we didn't even think about it. well, we will end with cinema, because the national award of film critics of kinocolo announced the nominees, ukrainian film critics and film journalists announced the nominees for this award, or rather it will be said that it received the most nominations, namely five.

zhanna ozirnaya's film honeymoon, which was recently shown at the venice film festival, and together now we can watch excerpts from these films, honeymoon, also edited by roman bondarchuk, well, let me tell you, because i have already seen these films, and honeymoon tells about a married couple who are stuck in the kyiv region, in the occupation, they are stuck in an apartment, personally i will say that the film... of course does not convey any psychology of this situation at all, because people are closed here is such a space, which cannot go out, in which there is no water, maybe food, and they have to sit quietly, because there are russians around, well, they will behave much more complicated and interesting than it is shown to us, and also the editorial office is one from the first, either you work in the editorial office or you work as an artist, to do it in a comedy format. write

some sensational news, headlines, how they manipulate their viewers and readers, how viewers and readers want to read all this, because they like various scandals and agree to be deceived, or just to read some impressive story, gray bees of dmytro moisiev - this is an adaptation of the book of the same name, and many people liked this film, i also saw it, it was shown at the odessa film festival, there, let's say, not all of the book was included, if you read the book, then you you will understand that there is a little not enough for you, some scenes did not fit in, but many people also liked the film, it is quite atmospheric, very often i heard exactly this description, and now you are watching arkadiyaluk's film, a lesson.

tolerance, this film tells about a family that, according to a special program, invites a homosexual to live with them, and learns to be tolerant not only of homosexuality, but also of many things in general, but the most important thing is that the authors themselves, and i with them i agree, it's not a movie, it's not lgbt the film is absolutely, it is a film about family values, about traditional family values, how can it be...

you either work in an editorial office, or you are a freelance artist. i have a sensation. a free artist is not an insult, it's just that he is barefoot and naked. to pay the utility bill, i ate one potato with my hands. if you touch the reader emotionally, no one will check anything. everything is brilliant. and what are you doing here in the gray zone? i keep bees, i’m a beekeeper, and i’m a beekeeper, everything is fine and happy, there’s nothing to eat, i’m a humanitarian at night they don't care, and they don't care about me either, i want to make you not only normal and be free of your poverty, but also settle with all our bergs, come on... i'm vasyl zayets

from the tolerance lessons program, and now bend your legs a little in knees, and homosexual where, if you feel comfortable, we can switch to those. by the way, i've been dreaming about something new and unusual for a long time, doc, please give me something from my head, i'm sorry, i'm used to sleeping without panties, personally, this is my favorite, these are the last lessons in tolerance, i really like them, and in general arkady nepateluk's films, he to things, a former colleague, worked as a director on television, but i will say briefly, which films were nominated, the best, the best film, only documentary, these are tapes, first of all... a tape by oleg sentsov, which is called, which is called real, it's oleg sentsov who simply put on a camera and shot a film. peaceful people of oksana karpovich, who were in berlin, showed this film, it consists of intercepted conversations of russians with

their relatives, the film moved the audience there. a sentimental journey to the planet parajanov, taras tumenko, whom we know from the film, in particular house of the word and the documentary and... and fragments of ice by maria stoyanova, and all these films are candidates for the kinokol award, which is awarded, let me remind you, by ukrainian film critics, we will wait for the award ceremony and will see who won. with that, i bid you farewell, friends, have a great weekend and see you next week. in the frantic flow of various events, it is sometimes difficult to determine what is most important. the country magazine will help you understand the essence phenomena and processes. qualitative analytics and

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a clear understanding of the key events of the past week, an analysis of the causes and consequences of these events from experts, forecasts of the situation for the current week, the opportunity to ask your own questions and join the discussion, spend your monday evening with us and walk confidently into the new week. the new week project with khrystyna yatskiv and andrii let's go to espresso every monday at 20:00. the verkhovna rada regularly passes new laws, but how do these changes affect our lives? we have analyzed the new decrees to inform you about the latest changes in ukrainian legislation. how legislative norms change our lives, what to prepare for these and others. questions that concern ukrainians will be answered by leading lawyers of the aktum bar association. watch every tuesday at 7:55 in the legal expertise program on the espresso tv channel. staff

situation - exclusive analytics about united states. trump vs. harris, republican vs. democrat. what the presidential candidates say about their support for kyiv, they insulted each other non-stop, and how they see the end of the war in ukraine, peace plans, behind-the-scenes games and everything you need to know about the us election and its impact on the fate of ukraine . in the radio svoboda video podcast. state situation. from now on in a new, two-hour format. even more analytics, even more important topics, even more top guests, and more feedback. you you can express your opinion on the bad day with help. telephone survey verdict with serhii rudenko, from tuesday to friday from 20 to 22. the title of king is usually passed from

father to son. well, but the polish-lithuanian commonwealth was an atypical state in this respect, because the king was elected here. accordingly, the title of the king could pass from one family to another, in particular... ukrainian families also tried on, during all time from the commonwealth of nations, three of its rulers, three kings, they were from ukraine, this is mykhailo vyshnevetskyi, this is jan sobetskyi and stanislav lyshchynskyi it is about them that we will talk today with our guest, this is oleksiy vinnychenko, candidate of historical sciences, associate professor of the ivan franko university of lviv, and researcher of the polish-lithuanian commonwealth. alexei, greetings to you, congratulations, and the first king we mentioned is mykhailo vyshnevetskyi. mykhailo vyshnevetskyi was born in bila kamen, lviv region. mykhailo vyshnevetskyi - a famous family, a representative of the vyshnevetskyi family, his dad is super cool, yarema vyshnevetskyi, known for his fights against bohdan khmelnytskyi, and he becomes king. but he is called the kind of king who stood for the merits of his father, and

in the commonwealth of nations he will later go down in history as the king who probably did the least for this state or showed himself the worst, so whether it is so, he is really the most unlucky of all the kings of poland, probably not, it is rather that the political situation for him, as it turned out, was very unfortunate, made him, he was disliked during his reign, well, at least some of the subjects who wanted to remove... him, and in the end we received later from historians, but here it is better to talk about his too short reign, after all, those four years while he sat on the throne, he did not have time to do much, did not have time to prove himself, and how those were difficult years for the polish-lithuanian commonwealth, well, it is obvious , that everything in our country traditionally depends on someone, on the head of the state, although the republic of puspolita, as you rightly said, was an atypical state where not everything depended on the monarch, there was a shesem who was responsible for many things, including the war, for international relations, for finance, i will finish. and to demand everything from the king, who is limited in his power, well, obviously this is wrong, yes,

that is, mykhailo vyshnovetskyi became king, well, to a certain extent by accident, yes, that is, because when there were elections after the abdication of jan casimir, such candidates who were the favorites of the elections were foreigners, yes, that is, both as and in the end before that, and one was supported by france, the second was supported by the habsburgs in the first place, and in principle the votes were divided. between them, and since both parties could not come to an agreement, the candidacy was suddenly announced vyshnovetsky arranged for everyone, you know, then they shouted piast, we are taking piast, and that was the idea, when domestic candidates were called piasts after the name of that old dynasty since medieval times, although of course, they had nothing to do with they didn't have piasts, and this idea was from the beginning of the commonwealth, yes, that is, from the very first elections of the king, but still the voters did not dare to take such a drastic step as taking someone completely unrelated to any ruling house or from previous dynasty candidate, they chose someone from foreign

rulers, then a frenchman, then a hungarian, then a swede, and so the first 100 years dragged on, and in fact mykhailo vyshnovetskyi became the first truly domestic candidate, and the swedes delayed a little longer, they had three in a row, that is, again there is still a tendency towards such heredity, when a dynasty should sit, that is, we do not choose every time a completely new candidate with an unrelated one. not with the previous rulers by some family ties or so on, yes, that is, in fact it turns out that there were two such parties, there was a pro-austrian party, a pro-french party, a compromise was reached mykhailo vyshnevets because he because it is obvious that they could not agree with each other too much france invested money in the election of its candidate so that is, it is the 17th century louis the great rules in france so that is one of the most outstanding french monarchs of that time and it is obvious that he is them. it is about dominance in europe, yes, that is , will france dominate, or will someone occupy it, primarily the apsbergs, and therefore goes

struggle at the levels of different countries, including the commonwealth of independent states, there could obviously be no compromise, and vyshnevetskyi accommodated everyone, yes, that is, he is from a good family, he is young enough, therefore he will be managed, not connected with strong family ties, not very wealthy at that time, and therefore the sejm will be obeyed, because funding will depend on him, on the sejm, that is why he arranged everyone at that moment, well... the french opposition, i just know later what else he a lot of such negative pr was thrown at him in his life, they said that he there is a golist, there they accused him of literally everything they could, but this is the case when it is necessary to bully the monarch in order to force him to abdicate the throne, or to show that he is completely unworthy and eliminate him in some way, and they sometimes accused him of completely opposite things, and indeed, that he is impotent and homosexual, and forgive me that he sat on the toilet, although in french, in france, by the way, the same thing

happened at that time, it was accused that he excessively spendthrift, and on the other hand, they immediately said that he was too stingy, accused him of being walks in european clothes, although we have portraits where he is painted entirely in such a sarmatian style, characteristic of the polish-lithuanian commonwealth, that is, there were many events, but not all of them were true, yes, that is, that it obviously made an impression on him, well probably so, because after all, death at the age of 33. so far this is not a coincidence, and we are talking about the fact that he is of the wyshnivetsky family, but by and large he grew up at the court of the previous polish king, and is there anything from the wyshnivetskys left in him? last name without doubts remained, yes, that is, feelings too, understand, for them this is a completely different perception than for us, yes, that is, they know their family history not only from the traditions of their relatives, like most of us, primarily thanks to that family legend , which covers their family, and i think that he felt very good about vishnevetsky, even when it came to his reign, we can

clearly see how he supports and seeks support from his relatives, that is, because he came from .. from the so-called royal line of the vishnivetskys, well, thanks to him, thanks to his rule, and also the so-called hetman line remained, these were his cousins, a little distant, but the vishnevetskys, and that is why he seeks support from them, after all, he makes the prince of the chertoryi the primate, yes, that is, this clearly shows that he still has such close connection with the society of ukrainian lands. i'm sure many of you have been to olesky castle and heard the legend about... john ii. sobetsky and about the famous table that was struck by lightning. if you know any other legends related to these kings, which are discussed in our video today, be sure to write to us in the comments. from one ukrainian king, from mykhailo vyshnovetskyi. let's move on to the second, which is yan sobetsky. jan sobetsky, we say that he is the most outstanding, one of the most outstanding

polish kings, but matejko, jan matejko called him a ukrainian rusyn, because his mother is descended from him. danylovichuv, that is, he is also half the actual ukrainian ruler, and it’s like this, you know, from one extreme to another extreme, because if he was portrayed as such a little bit infantile, then yan sobieskyi must to take a sable, have a little drink, go to fight with someone, moreover, wear sarmatian style clothes with a leopard all over the shoulder, that's what yan sobetsky looks like, well, at least in his images, is that how he was and how much ukrainianness was manifested in him, well ukrainianness is obviously not in the national sense. we are already dealing with later times, here the ukrainian environment is still territorial, yes, that is, the fact that he was tied to our territories, this is clear, that is, he was born on our territories, born in olesk, his father had a significant spent part of his life, so to speak, in the ukrainian territories, where he was both a russian voivode and a belsky voivode at different times, and therefore in the end we can see where he

spent a significant part of his life, yes, that is, of course, there is this vilyanov, this a beautiful residence, which is now part of warsaw. then it was built by the sobieskis near warsaw, but we also see the built-up zhovka, we see traces of the sobieskis, which remained in various corners of ukraine, yes, that is, in yavoriv, ​​for example, there was once an italian park, that is, it is their merit, because the sobieski were the yavoriv elders for a long time, in the end you can remember this house of the marysenky stria, yes, that is, the legend of the sobetskys and their presence exists, it remains until now, in principle, and in principle it was there during his stay here. connected not only with such childhood memories, as one could say, yes, that is, but it is obvious that he had a strong, strong attachment to these terrains, an emotional attachment, because we have a lot of documents issued in zhovkov, in sycamores, that is, he constantly sits here and basically rules from here in the country, well, probably the most well-known to our general public, to our audience, is jan sobetsky, because when you come on

a tour, to oleskyi castle, you come, you are immediately shown the table on which little jan sobek was born. which was struck by lightning, how the table collapsed, and jan sobetsky then became the savior of the entire commonwealth of nations, how much of a legend is this and are there any other similar legends connected with this, well, obviously a legend, yes, that is, the sobetskys worked very hard on their a legend, because it was easier for vyshnevetskyi in this regard, he of a princely family, he does not need to go back to his special origin, he is already special by definition, because he is a prince, you cannot become a prince, you can only not be born a prince, and the sobetskys, in principle, come from... such a small nobility, and there the senatorial only jan sobieski's grandfather received the government first, yes, that is, he is essentially such, well, you can say, newcomers among the elite of the polish-lithuanian commonwealth, and that's why they need a legend, and there is also a practical consideration, sobieski wanted one of his sons to become king, and he even achieved such a courtly title for them, royals, with which they were titled already

after the death of sobieski, well, in the end, none of them became monarchs like that, although they were related to many european families, which also had certain troubles, as with the same stewards , but, but it was an element of the legend, yes, that is, sobesky had to prove that he was special. sobesky, he still has one such page in his biography, he restored the cossacks in the right-bank ukraine, that is, he begins to flirt again, as then, perhaps, not everyone they wanted this in the commonwealth of nations with the cossacks, because it needed a strong ally in the fight against the ottoman empire. because his main enemy was, after all, the ottoman empire, he is the famous victor of the turkish submarines, and the cossacks and the sobey cossacks, that is, they coexisted, or after all, it was a confrontation again, well, in different years. it was different, yes, that is, we know very well that the same campaign of sobetsky in the year 71 to bratslavshchyna, to the cossack bratslavshchyna, in fact, he provoked, strictly speaking, that

the great war with the turks, to which he had to devote the lion's share of his reign later, was not very successful, at least at the beginning, so i did not consider it in any categories of flirting, this is an attempt to solve ukrainian issues again, yes, that is, what, what it is practically impossible to do with ukraine, to hold it by military, military... means, that is, it was clear already in the 60s, well, in the 70s it was confirmed again, that is, even when it came to coastal ukraine, to give someone, it's obvious that no one would want that, yes, that's why they are trying to find such a compromise, and this is the restoration of the cossacks, this is an attempt, strictly speaking, to rely on some local forces that will be loyal, well, loyal, to the things of the commonwealth, so it is obvious that it is necessary. they were composed in different ways, but as a military man, he understood the cossacks, yes, that is, he knew what kind of people they were, because after all , sobetsky first and foremost appears to us as such a warrior king, he really was like that, because in

the political he did not do well in relation to himself, yes, that is, there are loud victories, but their effect is political so very much, prince svyatoslav the brave from russia, and something similar, but already in such an early modern format and with such sarmatian, sarmatian and... logy, yes, that is why cossacks for him was rather a tool than, rather than some such, existential thing, with which must be fought or, on the contrary, must be raised. vashnovetsky was born here in bily kamen, sobieski was born here in olesko, there is another third who was born directly in the city of leva, in lviv, in the latin cathedral, then he was baptized, this is stanislav lyshchynsky, this is the king very interesting, because he is... the oldest of all the kings, he dies at the age of 80, he had two terms of office, two came to power, and probably the most important thing about him is that ukrainians should

know that , that he was friends with ivan mazepa and pylyp morlyk, how deep was their cooperation and how did it happen that mazepa and lyshchynsky ended up in the same camp, well, these were the realities, actually speaking, of the great northern war that was going on in the first... centuries and when essentially there were two camps in the commonwealth, yes, that is one was loyal to the swedish king charles xii, and the other cooperated, strictly speaking, with his opponents, that is, primarily with the moscow state, lyshinsky, strictly speaking, during his first tenure, as we would say, now the royal tenure, he was a protege, protege of sweden, although at the beginning he seemed to insist that he was not going to be king, that he was only. actually will hand over the throne of sobetsky to one of the princes of sobetsky, because at that time it was about yakov sobetsky, but it did not come to that, he was crowned in the end, but his reign completely depended, strictly speaking, on

the geopolitical situation, as soon as charles 12 lost, his his as well as mazepa, his his case was decided, yes, that is, but nevertheless he retained great popularity in the affairs of the commonwealth, perhaps not even thanks to some with their personal qualities they protected things against the background, actually speaking, of the fact that his competitors really disliked him, yes. then this august the strong, and after his death he was an undisputed candidate, but the neighboring states, including the russian empire, did not allow him to sit on the throne. i'm simple thought of another such moment, you said that he had to hand over to one of the sobetsky princes, but i remind myself of the 55th year of the flood, and if my memory serves me correctly, jan sobetsky, he then swore one of those who a nobleman who swore allegiance to the swedish king, not to jan kazima. that is, this kind of pro-swedishness, even in subetsk, it was also felt, it is rather situational, yes, that is, because this flood is real, when the entire republic of poland is possessed by its enemies, yes,

that is, what to do in this situation, to perish in fight or somehow survive and eventually get out of that situation, because we see that for sobieski , this oath, as well as for the majority of the elite of the polish-lithuanian commonwealth, did not last long, i don't know if redzivil lasted the longest, but jan kazimir persevered, and persevered without a doubt . well , but you can call it a miracle, yes, that is, you can immediately recall his oath in lviv that he would improve the lives of the inhabitants of the polish-lithuanian commonwealth there, and actually speaking, this is where his return began, this is such a miracle only in the 50s, the 17th century, well for for accurate people it it was normal, a miracle for them is a usual element of their lives, and therefore i would not look for any special sympathy for sweden, but rather a situational ally, which is perhaps in some ways better than it is... an eastern neighbor, yes, that is, because, because they were somehow looking for a place between these neighboring countries. finally, here is the gpt chat, usually we

ask artificial intelligence. today we asked. that he imagined himself as prince konstantin vasyl ostrozky, how would he answer the question: you, he is called the uncrowned king of russia, what prevented ostrohsky to become a full-fledged king of the polish-lithuanian commonwealth? and here the answer of artificial intelligence is as follows: i, prince konstantin vasyl ostrozky, believe that my role and influence on the state affairs of the commonwealth of nations exceed the simple title of king, although my family line has claims to the royal title, i believe that my service to the people is in devotion and... a view of the country, and not in a formal coronation. my goal is to help the commonwealth prosper and become stronger than ever before. this is the answer of artificial intelligence. how much in ostrozhsky had ambitions, that is, he could have really been such a ukrainian ukrainian king on the throne of this state, but it did not work out, or did he not want it? well , here is the case, probably, when the artificial intelligence did learn something, and it gives the correct answer, but did ostrozki

need it, because the royals were royal. the throne in the case of the commonwealth is not the royal throne of some absolute monarchy where it really is the undisputed ruler and your word is the law , no, it is a bunch of restrictions starting even with whom you marry, that is, control over your finances are a mass of such symbolic responsibilities, that is, ostrovsky did not want this, he was, in the end, rather like that, you know, an old man of old tempering, old tradition, that is, he was much more comfortable in his possessions in volyn than. i had to go to warsaw, participate in the diet, listen to these endless conversations and so on. of course, they often talk about the fact that his orthodoxy was an obstacle, but as we can see, in the ostrozki family, it came to nothing quite quickly, yes, that is, already one of the sons ostroysky accepts the catholic faith, and i think that if the ostroysky family had continued in the male line, one of them would have become king. well, after all, if you think of mykhailovetsko, then he

is also related on his mother's side. with the ostrozkas, yes, that is, even in the first years after his birth, he was raised by his grandmother kateryna ostrozka, that is, konstantin's granddaughter. friends, today we talked about the kings of the polish-lithuanian commonwealth who come from ukrainian lands. the commonwealth of nations is a state that existed from the 16th to the 18th century, and accordingly, at that time its the rulers were of different nationalities, different representatives from different great houses of europe at that time, and in particular in... shnevetsky, sobeysky and lyshchynsky - these are those who were born on the territory of modern ukraine. we talked with our guest, oleksiy vinnychenko, candidate of historical sciences, associate professor of the ivan franko university of lviv and researcher of the nobility of the polish-lithuanian commonwealth. thank you for the conversation, i remind you, be sure to subscribe to our youtube channel, like, watch new videos and don't forget to comment.

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