hi, everybody. it is time now for "sunday housecall." >> and i'm eric shawn. joining us as always dr. david samadi, chairman and professor of urology at lennox hill hospital. >> and dr. marc siegel from langone medical center, author of "unlocking the secret code of sickness and health." doctors, great to be here this sunday. >> good to be here. >> good to see you. >> all trying to be healthier. here we go. want to begin first with the potential breakthrough in the fight against depression. after researchers say they have uncovered a natural anti-depressant hormone that

could serve as a powerful knew treatment. dr. smapd samadi, this is great news. a lot of people have depression. they are afraid to take medication. >> you're 100% right. >> 12 out of 10 americans suffer from depression, and you have all the symptoms of being tired and lack of energy, not really being with it, so the way we treat depression today we're treating you from outside in. giving you a medication with all the side effects that could sometime be addictive. they changed the hormones in the brain whether it's serotonin or dopamine. the discovery we're talking about is treating depression from inside out. going after the natural anti-depressant hormones and ghrilen. >> never heard of it. >> it's really known as a hunger hormone whmp you're under a lot of stress, when you're hungry and you are not doing so well ghrilen goes up and after a meal

it goes down. it's a hormone secreted from the stomach. what do we know about this? we know ghrilen affects our mood, our memory and part of the brain, and it's also known as a neurogenesis meaning it can create new nerves. that's all the information. we know that in about 2010. the new finding is what exactly is the mechanism of this and how does it work? in ut southwestern, they come up with a new mechanism, something called pp7c3 which is a promote and booster of ghrilen. we'll treat the depression from inside using your own natural hormones. how is this going to be helping up, and it's in clinical trials still. for cases like alzheimer's, the nerves can gentlemen generation and this can slow it down, important for depression, park sans and many other disease.

this could be a major breakthrough so this is a great finding that we're dealing with today. >> that sounds so exciting. dr. siegel, if you suppress ghrilen, does it affect other parts of the body and sounds like something other people will want to talk? >> still talking about mice, but this is a very exciting step forward as david was saying. been given anti-depressants until the 1950s and had a lot of side effects and encourage people to get behavioral therapy first, change their lifestyle and if necessary, because a lot of depression is biochemical, to take anti-depressants. the one we give now blocks serotonin uptake and it has a lot of side effects and doesn't work for everyone. ghrilen we thought was a bad guy. all bad guys are now becoming good guys. hey, people are gaining weight with it, in other words, the

body makes ghrilen and you eat more, in other words, it's a regulatory hormone. when it encourages you to eat more it makes you more euphoric. if your calories are restrictive and if you're starving and when ghrilen comes in we find it makes you happier. when you take the part of ghrilen that makes you happier, you're going to hit arun. >> so if you suppress the ghrilen and can do it without forcing someone to eat, you'll create what, endorphins? what's the by-product? >> not if you suppress it, but if you overcome the suppression of ghrilen, if you get more of it, you're going to encourage the brain cells that are the centers for euphoria and memory is going to work. >> without the side effects of prescription anti-depressants, they believe. >> but we're not at the point yet where you can go to the pharmacy and get ghrilen.

>> but i think what jamesy is trying to bring up is that sometimes ghrilen, for example, can work on the brain in one way and work on the hunger and craving and other things and obesity in a different way so it's important to see the interaction of this and the effect of it in different parts of the body. >> how far away? >> i'm happy that the mice are happy, but how far away are we? >> not in clinical trials. >> p 17c3 works in coordination with ghrilen. stein exists are getting it together by figuring combinations. >> alzheimer's and parkinson's can be helped or prevented, this is great research. please, keep us posted on this. >> speaking of those lab mice, you know. they have something else that they are cooking up over there in the labs having to do with dna. imagine if they edited your dna so you wouldn't have to worry about any type of debilitating diseases. well, that process is already under way in lab mice, and they have used that to cure liver

disease. >> still talking mice here, too, a little closer to humans, and never yet had a treatment, genetic treatment approved by the fda, and i predict this will be the first one. this is called crisper. this is something that edits genes, and let me tell you something. you have 300 billion pairs of dna in your body, but if only one goes wrong you end up with a major disease, cystic fibrosis or down's syndrome or sickle-cell anemia, so they figured out a way to edit a single gene in mice and correct a liver disease that's causing a lot of poisoning to the body and they cured the mouse. there's a problem with bringing too,into humans and i know you've got to ask me this. first of all, they have to get it to a point where they don't make any mistakes. it can cause some inflammation

in the cells but let me tell you where this comes from. it comes from how bacteria defends itself against viruses. if you're a strep and colony of bacteria and you see a virus coming along, the bacteria makes something that edits the dna of the virus, uses it and fixes the problem so that the next time the virus comes along it can't be infected. we're taking genetic material and injecting it into the chromosomes that are irregular, and we're getting the body to fix it itself, and then the healthier colonies take over, and you end up with a cure. now, sounds complicated. >> i'm thinking today i'm getting a b-minus in the show instead of my usual a-plus. >> it's complicated but it's on the road to fixing a single genetic abnormality like cystic fibrosis. >> it's always the mice first. how does it get to us potentially? >> actually very good news and a complex science which when you

talk about it on tv it can confusion people. think of it as looking at it from 30,000 feet, like google map. there's 23,000 pairs. as you further look if there's a series of a lot of letters, a, b, c, ds, that's the component of our body. if you believe in god, somebody has created this secret code of genes. when you are tired, when you're not doing so well, when you're exhausted, anti-oxidants that we talk about all the time, builds up. what happens? one of those letters just knocks out another whole series is a whole different problem. that's how you would end up with, for example, hiv, sickle cell, cancer, et cetera. we can throw one of those letters in, and that's been the attempt. now we're going to do surgery. imagine you're doing microsurgery on jeans. that's basically what we're talking about, going in with some enzymes and taking out some of these letters that have been causing the problem and fixing the problem. >> a very simple way to

understand it. >> a very simple way to understand it. it's a single gein, and it's like if we do a taped segment and you watch it later on in the day you may find a single thing snipped out of it, and you may say why did the guys snip out of that piece of television in the answer is we didn't like that piece. that piece wasn't working. you've got everything else that's working. >> i've got an easier way. it's the opposite of i'd like to buy a volume. you're selling a volume. >> that's right, that's right. >> it's really ground breaking and a game-changing. >> from m.i.t. >> but the mice, thank goodness for them. >> running around and scampering. today they are scampering. >> all right. you know this week we report that had coffee was good. sometimes you hear it's not so good. what about aspirin? there's also conflicting studies, and the question is today can it help prevent colon cancer in the doctors say it all depends on your genetic makeup, how to tell whether or not you can benefit from aspirin.

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you know. i'm always happy to share promising news, especially this one in the fight against colon cancer. doctors are saying taking aspirin can help reduce the risk of a disease, but it turns out it's only in some patients so we wanted you to know which ones. dr. smamdy. >> another one of my favorite topics because it talked about personalized medicine. if a doctor says everyone should on aspirin to prevent colon cancer or heart disease, that's not a good sign. this is a great study. you take aspirin and you put everyone on aspirin. some can prevent colon cancer and some are not. so what's the reason for it? >> we're finding out that colon cancer affects about 140,000 men and women a year and 50,000 still die from this. inflammation is really the reason why we get cancer in most

cases. red meat, too much red meat, burnt meat, low fiber, alcohol, smoking all of that so what aspirin is supposed to do is reduce the inflammation or prostoglandins. there's another hormone called pgdh. that promotes aspirin, and if you have that ensooirnlgs if you have that enzyme aspirin can reduce the risk of colon cancer by two-thirds. if you don't have that enzion you're wasting your time and you can cause an ulcer and all the side effects. you can't get blood or stool from that. need to get a colonoscopy. if you have a family history of colon cancer or had polyps before and you're going for a coloscopy you need to ask your

doctor to check for the pdgh. find out what the best answer is and not everybody should take aspirin. >> i agree with that a lot because aspirin causes over 100,000 hospitalations a year from gi bleeding and people have high blood pressure and don't know it and they could end up with strokes. so it should be given out judiciously. it also causes less inflammation in the body. when you get your coloscopy that you can be tested for. if you have this enzyme that david is talking about, your chances of responding to aspirin and treating colon cancer is two to three times so if we can figure out in the future, and we're talking really the near future, one to two years from now, people are going to say, hey, i have that problem. i'm causing that inflammation in my colon and aspirin will help

decrease my risk of colon cancer. my doctor bert check for that and then i'll go on aspirin. >> 50% of the population have it and 50% don't so to put everybody across the board is a mistake and i'm sure a lot of gastroenterologists would disasgdis agree with that. >> what's the dose? >> low dose. >> twice a week. >> probably 81 milligrams. >> low dose. >> and always talk to your doctor before you take this. >> important to get a coloscopy. >> that's the most important in the entire segment is if you've had not had your coloscopy? >> what age? >> starting at age 50, really important. >> absolutely. talking about vaccinations, a big issue. has your child missed one or more of their vaccine shots? coming up doctors will weigh in on how much of a concern this should be for parents.

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back now "sunday house call." for our segment should i worry, every week we talk about everything that worries us. one of you writes my child has missed his regular vaccinations, should i worry? this is very controversial dealing with vaccinations, some parents want to boycott them. should this parent worry? >> i don't think vaccines are controversial. i think vaccines stamped out smallpox and i think they stamped out polio here in the united states. and they've made a major impact against diseases like measles, which back in 1989 to '92 there was 55,000 cases because people couldn't afford to get vaccines. and the cdc came up with a program in '94 called vaccines

for children program. i'll post that. vaccines for children program said if you can't afford that vaccine and your insurance doesn't cover it, we'll give you a free vaccine. since then compliance has been over 90%. we need it over 100%. >> what about that 10%? it's controversial. some people are saying they don't want to vaccinate their children. >> for religious reasons or fear. there was a mercury scare that went around after a bogus study in great britain in 1989 that was since disproven. vaccines are safe. they're much safer than the disease you're trying to defend against. there's something called herd immunity. we're starting to see a resurgence of measles in the country right now. only 134 cases this year, nothing compared to the 55,000 i was talking about. tell you what the problem is, measles spreads like wildfire. there's a 90% infectious rate with measles, three to four

times what it is influenza. we've got to get everybody vaccinated. some people have religious reasons. they don't want to be vaccinated, for public health reasons everybody needs to be vaccinated. >> there has been this outbreak, where is it, what is it and what's causing it? >> as of april 18 we had a lot of people that traveled to the philippines and they brought in a lot of measles. and there was an outbreak over there. so about 34 of them were from the u.s., but mostly coming from outside. that's the reason why you need to protect yourself. but going back to the caution that this parent is asking, if you miss a vaccine, what can you do? and the answer is that it's never too late. you can get multiple vaccines altogether, complex vaccines in one shot. and you can make up so it's never too late. that's the answer to that question. to get your vaccinations you can catch up. talk to the pediatrician, to a doctor, make sure you get the vaccine. vaccine in general for doctors it's almost like your antiviral software for the computer. you would never have your computer without protecting it against all those viruss that are coming in.

that's what vaccine. >> there are some people you'll never convince of that. >> well, some of it is the reason because there's been a lot of false information out there. and, look, they can choose. but the whole thing about autism has been a big discussion, there's a big debate about that going on. and people are opting not to get the vaccine. but not because it's dangerous. >> one final point, the head of national immunization for the cdc reports that 84% of the people in this country get measles right now were not vascular nated. everybody's got to get vaccinated. >> all right. thank you. there's a new way for doctors to screen women for cervical cancer. coming up, are doctors going to tell you not only about the new tests but how it's helping to save lives. we'll be right back. if you've got copd like me... ...hey breathing's hard. know the feeling? copd includes emphysema and chronic bronchitis.

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welcome back everybody. you go for your annual pap smear and that's to check cervical cancer. and now the fda has come up potentially with a genetic test for women as a stand alone alternative to the papsmear. doctors are going to tell us about that one. >> i think the theme of the whole presentation today is all about genetic test. pap smear is to detect cervical cancer. there's about 14 different kind of genes that makes risk for cervical cancer. today the screening starts at the age of 21. every three years you get a pap smear depending on the lesions they find they could look at it as a magnifying class and find out if cervical cancer. testing is not looking at the cells on the microscope, looking at the genetic component of this. it's always been complimenting pap smear, but now this week fda

said this could be the first screening test for women out there. this is going to change the way we practice medicine in this field. very interesting that it's coming in, it's looking at the genetic component. if you have that, then you may or may not need a pap smear. >> but why change? >> more specific and more accurate. >> well, first of all, as david mentioned, this is a very exciting show today because we're talking about all the genetics that may work for you, not for me, personalized medicine. this is another example because with this test i can tell if somebody has the most aggressive kind of hpv that's more likely to cause cervical cancer. and i might say, hey, with this strain we've got to do a cull p os copy. or maybe you have a more latent strain that's not going to bother you. we can say we can just watch this one. i'll tell you what the problem is here, jamie, i don't think we can throw out pap tests just yet. now, the fda's saying this could be a stand-alone from the age of 25 on, but the american cancer society is still saying pap

tests every three years and maybe use this as an adjunct. you could do a cull p os copy which will influence fertility -- >> what's a -- >> it's an invasive test where you put in a scope and look around and see if you have cervical cancer. >> what about uterine cancer? doesn't it detect uterine -- they're different, aren't they? >> the pap smear is mainly for cervical cancer. i like the idea of using both. i like this tool and i like combining it with pap tests. >> the big issue is a lot of these hpvs may convert back to normal on its own. meaning your immune system can fight it off. so you may be overreacting. the cost is about $80 to $100 versus pap smear which is about $40. there's going to be a debate between a lot of gynecologists. but i think until then make sure you talk to your doctor. >> you're not ready yet. >> it is available. this is the one that's available. >> best to ask your doctor which is best for you.

personalized medicine today, folks, here on "sunday house call." thank you, doctors. that will do it for us. >> thank you for watching. we're here every sunday on the fox news channel. >> and much more information on the doctors facebook pages. bye-bye. a surprise move from palestinian leader mahmoud abass now denouncing the holocaust. yet despite his remarks prime minister benjamin netanyahu remains steadfast in his opinion. if there's any hope of a lasting peace with israel, israel defense minister will be joining us. the midterm elections are just a few months away, and now the gop field has a good chance of gaining control of the senate. can the momentum remain with the fallout over problems with obamacare continuing to raise concerns over whether it will benefit our nation's overall health care system. you'll hear from