my way. you can facebook me or tweet me at the addresses on the screen. until next time, i hope you're learning to be more of a healthy you. hi, everybody. hi, everybody. i'm jamie colby. it's time for "sunday housecall." >> joining us dr. david samadi chairman at the hospital and chief of robotics century. >> professor siegel, author of the inner pulse, unlocking the secret code of sickness and health. doctors, great to have you here today. >> good to be here. >> sunday, we're all trying to be healthier and here we go. i want to begin first with a potential breakthrough in the fight against depression. after researchers say they have uncovered a natural

antidepressant hormone that could serve as a powerful new treatment. dr. samadi, this is great news a lot of people have depression and they are afraid to take medication. >> you're right. one out of ten americans suffer from depression. you have the symptoms of being tired, lack of energy, not really being with the way we're treating depression, from the outside in. giving you a medication with all the side effects that could sometime be addictive. they changed the hormones in the brain whether it's serotonin or dopamine. the discovery we're talking about is treating depression from inside out. we're actually going after the natural antidepressant hormones. something called grhelin. >> never heard of it. >> it's really known as a hunger hormone. when you're under a lot of stress, when you're hungry and you are not doing so well ghrilen goes up and after a meal it goes down. it's a hormone secreted from the

stomach. what do we know about this? we know ghrilen affects our brain, our mood, our memory. part of the brain known as hippocampus. it's also known as neurogenesis meaning it can create new nerves. that's all the information. we know that in about 2010. the new finding is what exactly is the mechanism of this and how does it work? in ut southwestern, they come up with a new mechanism, something called p7c3. it's a booster and promoter of ghrilen. what we're doing now, we'll treat the depression from inside using your own natural hormones. how is this going to be helping up, and it's in clinical trials still. for cases like alzheimer's, as we get older, the nerves can did he generate, this can slow it

down. for depression, parkinson's, many other diseases. this could be a major breakthrough so this is a great finding that we're dealing with today. >> that sounds so exciting. dr. siegel, if you suppress ghrilen, does it affect other parts of the body and sounds like something everybody is going to want to take. >> we're not there yet. we're still talking about mice, but this is a very excite step forward as david was saying. been given anti-depressants until the 1950s and had a lot of side effects and encourage people to get behavioral therapy first, change their lifestyle and if necessary, because a lot of depression is biochemical, to take anti-depressants. the one we give now blocks serotonin up take so you have more in the brain and helps communicate. it has a lot of side effects and doesn't work for everyone. ghrilen we thought was a bad guy. all bad guys are now becoming good guys. ghrilen was the one, hey, people are gaining weight with it.

in other words, the body makes griilen and you heat more. in other words, it's a regulatory hormone. when it encourages you to eat more, it makes you more euphoric. if your calories are restrictive and if you're starving and when ghrilen comes in we find it makes you happier. when you take the part of ghrilen that makes you happier, without causing you to eat more, we're going to have a home run. >> i think this is important. >> so if you suppress the ghrilen and can do it without forcing someone to eat, you'll create what, endorphins? what's the by-product? >> not if you spris ghr rchl -- ghrilen but get more of it, if you overcome the suppression of ghrilen, if you get more of it, you're going to encourage the brain cells that are the centers for euphoria and memory is going to work. >> without the side effects of

prescription anti-depressants, they believe. >> but we're not at the point yet where you can go to the pharmacy and get ghrilen. >> i think what jamie is trying to bring up is that sometimes ghrilen, for example, can work on the brain in one way and work on the hunger and craving and other things and obesity in a different way so it's important to see the interaction of this and the effect of it in different parts of the body. >> how far away? >> i'm happy that the mice are happy, but how far away are we? >> not in clinical trials. >> david mentioned another one, p7c3, works in coordination with ghrilen. i want people to know, neuroscientists are getting it together by figuring combinations. >> alzheimer's and parkinson's as a by product to help or prevent it. this is great research. please, keep us posted on this. >> speaking of those lab mice, you know. they have something else that they are cooking up over there in the labs having to do with dna. imagine if they edited your dna so you wouldn't have to worry about any type of debilitating diseases. well, that process is already under way in lab mice, and they have used that to cure liver disease.

dr. siegel, in lab mice? it's amazing. >> we're still talking lab mice here, too, but this is a little closer to humans. we've never had yet a genetic treatment approved by the fda, and i predict this will be the first one. this is called crisper. this is something that edits genes. let me tell you something, you have 300 billion pairs of dna in your body, but if only one goes wrong, you end up with a major disease, cystic fibrosis or down's syndrome or sickle-cell anemia, so they figured out a way to edit a single gene in mice and correct a liver disease that's causing a lot of poisoning to the body and they cured the mouse. there's a problem with bringing this into humans right now, erika, i know you're going to ask me this. first of all, they have to get it to a point where they don't make any mistakes. it has to work exactly on the right error and correct it. it can cause some inflammation

in the cells but let me tell you where this comes from. it comes from how bacteria defends itself against viruses. if you're a strep and colony of bacteria and you see a virus coming along, the bacteria makes something that edits the dna of the virus, uses it and fixes the problem so that the next time the virus comes along, it can't be infected. we're taking genetic material and injecting it into the chromosomes that are irregular, and we're getting the body to fix it itself, and then the healthier colonies take over, and you end up with a cure. now, sounds complicated. >> i'm thinking today i'm getting a b-minus in the show instead of my usual a-plus. >> it's complicated but it's on the road to fixing a single genetic abnormality like cystic fibrosis. >> dr. samadi, it's always the mice first. how does it get to us potentially? >> actually very good news and a complex science which when you

talk about it on tv, you can confuse people. think of it as looking at it from 30,000 feet, like google map looking at the chromeson. there's 23,000 pairs. as you further look if there's a series of a lot of letters, a, b, c, ds, that's the component of our body. if you believe in god, somebody has created this secret code of genes. when you are tired, when you're not doing so well, when you're exhausted, anti-oxidants that we talk about all the time, builds up. what happens? one of those letters just knocks out another whole series is a whole different problem. that's how you would end up with, for example, hiv, sickle cell, cancer, et cetera. we can throw one of those letters in, and that's been the attempt. now we're going to do surgery. imagine you're doing microsurgery on jeans. that's basically what we're talking about, going in with some enzymes and taking out some of these letters that have been causing the problem and fixing the problem. >> a very simple way to understand it.

for people out there. >> for me, please. >> a very simple way to understand it. it's a single gene. it's like if we do a taped segment here, and you watch it later on in the day, you may find a single thing snipped out of it, and you may say why did the guys snip out of that piece of television. the answer is, we didn't like that piece. that piece wasn't working. you've got everything else that's working. >> i've got an easier way. it's the opposite of i'd like to buy a volume. you're selling a volume. >> that's right, that's right. >> it's really ground breaking and a game-changing. >> from m.i.t. >> not with us, but the mice, thank goodness for them. >> running around and scampering. today they are scampering. >> all right. you know this week we report that coffee is good. sometimes you hear it's not so good. what about aspirin? there's also conflicting studies, and the question is today can it help prevent colon cancer. the doctor says it all depends on your genetic makeup. how to tell whether or not you can benefit from aspirin. you st? tomorrow we're booked solid.

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you know. i'm always happy to share you know, i'm always happy, happy to share promising news, especially this one in the fight against colon cancer. doctors are saying taking aspirin can help reduce the risk of a disease, but it turns out it's only in some patients so we wanted you to know which ones. dr. samadi. >> another one of my favorite topics because it talked about personalized medicine. whenever we talk during a commercial, the doctor says everyone should be on aspirin to prevent colon cancer or heart disease, that's not a good sign. this is a great study. you take aspirin and you put everyone on aspirin. some can prevent colon cancer and some are not. so what's the reason for it? >> we're finding out that colon cancer affects about 140,000 men and women a year and 50,000 still die from this. inflammation is really the reason why we get cancer in most

cases. red meat, too much red meat, burnt meat, low fiber, alcohol, smoking, all of that, so what aspirin is supposed to do is reduce the inflammation or prostoglandins. there's another hormone called pgdh. that promotes aspirin, and if you have that enzyme, if you have that enzyme, aspirin can reduce the risk of colon cancer by two-thirds. if you don't have that enzyme, you're wasting your time and you can only cause gi bleeding and ulcer and side effects. you can get stool or biopsy. >> they automatically check for that? >> no. the doctor. if you have a family history of colon cancer or had polyps before and you're going for a coloscopy you need to ask your doctor to check for the pdgh.

if you have that, then aspirin will help you tremendously. if not, don't take it. talk to your doctor and find out what the best answer is. and not everybody should take aspirin. >> first of all, i agree with that a lot. because aspirin causes over 100,000 hospitalizations a year from gi bleeding and people have high blood pressure and don't know it and they could end up with strokes. so it should be given out judiciously. we know it cuts down on the risk of heart disease. we know it reduces inflammation in the body. it's exciting because of this reason. this is ready for prime time. when you get your coloscopy that you can be tested for. we're very close to that point. if you have the gland david is talking about, your chances of responding to aspirin and decreasing your risk of colon cancer is two times, two to three times. so if we can figure out in the future, and we're talking really the near future here, one to two years from now, people are going to say, hey, i have that problem. i'm causing that inflammation in

my colon and aspirin will help decrease my risk of colon cancer. my colon scope better check for that, then i'll go on aspirin. >> 50% of the population have it and 50% don't so to put everybody across the board is a mistake and i'm sure a lot of gas to -- gastroenterologists would agree with that. >> what's the dose? >> low dose. >> twice a week. >> probably 81 milligrams. >> low dose. >> and always talk to your doctor before you take this. >> important to get a coloscopy. >> that's the most important in the entire segment is if you've not had your colon scope, get that. >> what age? >> starting at age 50, really important. >> absolutely. talking about vaccinations, a big issue. has your child missed one or more of their vaccine shots? coming up doctors will weigh in on how much of a concern this should be for parents. on how mu should be for parents. i'm nathan and i quit smoking with chantix.

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ll."back now "sunday >> for our segment, should i worry, one of you writes, a mild chases investigation vaccination. should i worry? doctor, this is very controversial. dealing with vaccinations. should the parent worry? >> why think they are controversial. vaccines stamped out small pox and starched out polio in the united states and they have made a major, major, impact against diseases like measles which in 1989 to 1992 there were 55,000 cases because people could not afford vaccines. the centers for disease control came up with a program called vaccines for children.

that program said if you cannot afford the vaccine and your insurance doesn't cover it we will give. >> free vaccine. since then, come lowance is over 90 percent. we need it 100 percent. >> but some are saying they don't want to vaccinate their children? >> for religious reasons or scare? there was a mercury scare after a bogus study in great britain. you have to vaccinate the entire herd now, we see resurgence of measles only 134 cases so far. nothing compared to 55,000 i talked about. the problem is, measles spread like wildfire with 90 percent infection rate with measles, three to four times as with flu. we need everyone to be

vaccinated. some have religious reasons, for public health reasons everyone should be vaccinated. >> dr. samadi there has been the outbreak, what is it? what causes it? >> as of april 18 there were a lot of people that traveled to the philippines bringing in measles and there was an outbreak so 34 were from the united states but coming from outside. that is why you need to protect yourself. back to the question is of the parent, if you miss a vaccine, what can you do? the answer is it is never too late. you can get multiple vaccines in one shot. it is never too late. that is the answer to the question to get the vaccination. talk to the pediatrician and get the vaccine. in general, for a doctor, it is anant viral software forked the

come purity. that is what it is like. >> you will never convince some. >> there has been fault information. they can choose. the whole thing about autism has been a discussion, with a debate about that and people are deciding not to get the vaccine but not because it is dangerous. >> the head of the national immunization of centers for disease control reports 84 percent of those that get measles remain not vaccinateed. everyone needs to be vaccinated. >> there is a new way to be screened for cervical cancer. are doctors going to tell you about the new test and how it is helping to save lives. ugh to keep life balanced. i don't always have time to eat like i should. that's why i like glucerna shakes. they have slowly digestible carbs to help minimize blood sugar spikes. [male announcer] glucerna...

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>> welcome back, you go for the patch smear and that is to check for cervical cancer. the f.d.a. has a gene test for women as a stand alone alternate to the patch smear. the doctors will tell us about that. dr. samadi? >> the theme today is gene testing, and patch smears is testing for cervical cancer. there were 14 genes at risk. the screening starts at age of 21 and every three years you get a patch smear. depending what they find they will find out if it is cervical cancer. the new gene testing is not looking at the cells under the microscope but the gene component. the test has been a complement to the patch smear but it could

be the first for women and it will change how we practice medicine in this field. it is interesting it is coming in to look at the gene component. you may or may not need the patch smear. >> why change? why is this better? >> as david mentioned, this is a h an exciting shore talking about the gene that work for you, personalized medicine. another example is this, because i can tell if someones has the most aggressive kind of hpv virus that is more likely to cause cancer or you could have a more latent strain and i can tell you we could just watch it. the problem is, i don't think we can throw out patch -- patch tests yet. the american cancer society is saying use the pap testing every

five years. they are concerned you could overreact to a result on this test and you could influence your fertility with a test where you not a scope and look around to see if you have cervical cancer. >> and what about uterine cancer? >> pap smear is mostly for cervical cancer. i like the idea of using both. >> the big issue, a lot of the h pv's can convert to normal on their own and the immune system can fight it out. the cost is $80 to $100 with a pap smear which is $40. there will be plenty of debate between the doctors on this but until then, this is what is available. >> ask your doctor what is boast.

personalized medicine, today. thank you for were watching "house call." more information on the doctors' facebook. >> on the buzz beater, president obama oversees and underfire as a columnist says he has a certain shortcoming. >> man is a problem in the middle east. >> is that a low blow? or are the media holding the media accountable? >> bundy has blatantly racist remarks. >> and we talk to david gregory as "meet the press" looks to