all with a great taste. i don't plan on slowing down any time soon. stay strong. stay active with boost®. . i'm gregg jarrett, and it's time now for "sunday house call." >> and i'm arthel ney develop. joining is dr. david samadi chair and professor of urology and chief of robotic surgery. >> and dr. marc siegel is with us professor of medicine at nyu langone's medical center and author of "the inner pulse, unlocking the secret code of psychness and health." good to see you. >> it's may 1st and may is american stroke awareness month, a condition that affects 7 million americans, the third leading cause of death in the u.s. dr. siegel, first of all, how do you even know you're having a

stroke and do you always know that you're having one? >> you don't always know if you're having one and 30% of the time we never even know what cause it had. what you need to be on the lookout for is are you having some facial weakness, number one? do you have weakness in your arms or legs? one side more than the other or tingling? logs of sensation? the third thing you look for is speech problems, and are you understanding me? are you suddenly having trouble understanding me and if all of this is happening you call 911 because time is brain we like to say, get you to the hospital quickly and we can reverse the stroke before it's even finalized and you can end up with no damage whatsoever. that's modern medicine. >> what do they do to resolve it? >> use a clot did i solver, tpa, inject it and have risks of bleeding but if you're having a stroke you want the risk taken. >> dr. samadi, what are some of the risk factors? >> a big message for people. high blood pressure, gregg, is on top of the list. if you're consuming a lot of sodium and processed food you're

at risk of having high blood pressure, that's the main risk. diabetes, everything, diabetes, high cholesterol, obesity, two types of stroke, one you form a blood clot, cardiomyopathy and aidiat fibrillation. can you have a blood clot and shoot it up to the brain and form a clot where the blood vessel it. diabetes and smoking can damage the blood vessels, form the blood clot and stop the blood from going there. stroke is the same thing as a heart attack except it's an attack on the brain. if you don't get enough blood to the brain you'll have dead cells and that's what stroke is. the -- as marc mentioned, the mnemonic is f.a.s.trnlgts. you look at someone to smile. if you're in the street and someone is having a stroke in front of you, ask them to make sure they smile. facial drooping, asking them to hold their hands and if one arm is weak, that's why there's a problem, slurry speech and,

again, time lass is brain loss. call 911. >> dr. siegel, what does it do to your body short term and long term? >> good question. short term we're talking about death of cells here. we're talking about death of brain cells here and you have 24 hours to reverse that. if it hasn't happened yet it's canned a transischemic attack. you have 24 hours to look at how do we rehabilitate you? interestingly enough, if you have a bleed, two-thirds of the times it's not a blood but a blood vessel narrowingor or closing off. we rehabilitate you differently. if it's bleeding in the brain you do bert, but what we've got to do in rehabilitation, and we don't often talk about this here, it's very important, we've got to get physical therapy involved and retrain to you speak properly and got to strengthen those lims so that they don't get spastic or paralyzed and maybe even a role for botox in this situation to loosen up the specifics. >> we love preventive measures if possible. what can we do, you told us about the fatty foods and

processed meats and we should stay away from there. is there something else? >> study after study shows adding exercise to your regimen reduces risk of smoke by 30% and stop smoking reduces risk by 50%. going back to what marc was saying, when you catch them early, it's amazing how the patients can recover and even go back to the way they were. once you let 24 hours pass and the damage is done, that's when you're going to have permanent issues and it's a problem. now, as a surgeon, the first thing you want to do is make sure you stop any kind of pressure buildup in the brain because anywhere in your body you have room to expand except your skull. surgery, you open it up. >> pardon me because i want to help the people. you're the expert. dr. siegel, what if you were there with someone who has a stroke? what should you do? you're not the person but the person next to you is having a stroke? what should you do? >> 911. get them to the hospital right away. you can tell. having trouble forming their words and having trouble

understanding you and having trouble moving one side or the other. you call 911 and get them to the hospital. when they get to the hospital. >> do you touch them or do anything? what do you do? >> you make sure they are not choking. make sure they are breathing. you make sure they are breathing properly. get them to the hospital hand make sure the doctors are on it right away and triage them quickly and get the blood pressure under control because hypertension is not only a big risk factor for a stroke but something that's got to be controlled while having one. >> the period from the time that they enter in the emergency room to the time that they get treated, that's really the efficiency of the emergency room to show how fast we can get to them. if it's a bleeding, you can always open up and put a clip on the hemorrhage and if team and embolick one, angioblasty. >> three hours, three to four-hour window. >> have to leave it it at that and family history is also a very important factor as well. coming up, new information about which foods are better for your digestion, and which are not. the answers may surprise you. hey!

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(children giggle) symbicort. breathe better starting within 5 minutes. call or go online to learn more about a free trial offer. if you can't afford your medication, astrazeneca may be able to help. and welcome back. there's a new study out showing that wine, coffee, tea and yogurt, among other foods, are good for your stomach, your gut, forgive me. the lead author of the study telling us, quote, in particular dietary factors including fruits, vegetables, buttermilk, coffee and yogurt increase bacterial diversity whereas soda and high carbohydrate intake were associated with decreased diversity, so what are we to make of this? dr. mad is? >> before we get to this, gregg, i want to talk a little bit about what's going on in your gut. trillions and trillions of bacteria, fungus and viruses

that live with us. they are our partners and friends that help with digestion. they can affect your immune system and even affect your mood, and now we're finding out a lot of autoimmune diseases like arthritis, even autism, are related to what goes on in your gut so what you eat can affect those and the diversity of group of those bacterias. when we talk about adding fruits and vegetables and healthy diet, that can actually increase the diversity. it's better for your digestion and better for your health. once you start adding sugary foods and proses issed foods and fatty foods that can actually change it in less diverse and that's when you start having inflammation and cancer, et cetera. this study actually comes from science. 1,100 participants. they look at all of them and found out that wine, coffee, we were right in "sunday house call" for five years and tea, yogurt, can actually increase the diversity. sugar is not good for you. >> how does that increase the diversity that dr. samadi took about?

>> they collected people's stools and asked them questions and what are you seating? >> that's exciting. >> here's the thing. what is generating the good bacteria in your gut? genetics, everyone is different. that's one thing, but that's the question that you're asking. how do we get the good bacteria, and one thing we know, and this study also confirmed it, antibiotics give you the bad bacteria. >> yeah. >> the problem with antibiotics is they are not targeted enough so this study also showed that people that overtake antibiotics do not have the diversity there and there's a protein called fecal krome gram na. you'll hear about the protein. when it's high you're in trouble. you don't want this thing and that's what they are studying. . things like fruits and vegetables, coffee and tea, a glass of wine is fine to have. the study author told me wine. >> red or white, does it matter? >> i didn't ask. that's a great question. probably red. >> usually it's red. >> what's interesting is they found 126 factors going back to what you were saying that can affect the ecosystem and the

diversity of these bugs down in your gut. for example, 60 have to do with your diet. what you eat plays a huge role but the disease that you have or the medications that you take can also affect this. again, going back to your healthy lifestyle, getting enough sleep and making sure you eat healthy foods can actually change. you are what you eat which is really important. >> question, so is it possible that a lot of people who feel like they have acid reflex that they might need to change what they are eating. >> absolutely. >> and they may be even eating too much sugar, by the way. a lot of times eating too much sugar and sugary foods, not just that fruits and vegetables are the good stuff and coffee, tea and maybe wine is the good stuff. the bad stuff is all that processed food we're eating. all the cupcakes we're eating and bread that we're eating. that's making the gut flora narrow, and when it's narrow all kinds of health problems occur. you don't have the right absorption. we absorb all the nutrients. want a diverse population to

populate our stomach. >> smokers argues beg red flag, if you're a pregnant woman and you've been smoke you have to stop and a lot of fatty foods can change your bugs to different kinds of bugs so, again, stick to a lot of healthy foods. >> i always have a cup of yogurt every day and kind of grosses one of my youngest daughter out. oh, dad, it has live bacteria in it. that's good >> you want if. >> the other thing that this didn't look at. again, these is early research. we'll have more of this, but the probirtics will be the answer to the future here. we'll end up saying you had an antibiotic, and here's what you need to take now to replenish your gut. >> i think the answer to a lot of the diseases are right there in our gut. >> absolutely. >> so many sometimes you see people are tirebloated. they just eat or sleep and they are worse than before when they went to bed and we're going to find this, and in the future, what they are saying is it can take some bacterias and transplant it from a healthy

person to a sick person. >> wow. >> and that transplant is going to change the way we practice medicine. >> not to gross anybody out but i'll pretend i'm dr. izzy for a minute and say transit time is important, too. how long it takes from the time you eat it until it comes out. >> how long should it take? >> i don't know -- they are studying that. they are studying that, but consistency of the stool. hard stool is not as good as soft. >> right. >> well, number one, you want to make sure that you don't take a lot of laxatives. go back to the d.a.s.h. diet, servings of fruits and vegetables. >> on that note. >> better to have the greig yogurt rather than the stuff with all the sugary stuff. >> wow. >> signaling me to go. okay, i'll go. >> it's a signal thing, you know. >> this is serious, listen up, lasd. a painful condition impacting thousands of you. next we'll ask one viewer's questions about fibroids and the best way to treat them. i'm billy,

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have fab rides that cause pain and irregular bleeding, birth control pills help but not enough to justify staying on them. should i wore? dr. siegel, i know you don't treat this woman, but what do you think about the low desage of low estrogen birth control pills to treat fibroids to control the bleeding? >> one of the things you do. use them to diminish the bleeding use them to diminish t bleeding. i have a different concern here that i want the viewers to know. there's about 700,000 hysterectomies done in this country every year. 80% of them are for fibroids. there are many other things you can use, but you have to think about first before you have your uterus out. this is a benign tumor in the muscular wall of your uterus. it's benign 99% of the time. if you're reaching menopause because majority of women have this in their time. three times as many black women have it. it's genetic.

>> i've had three surgeries. two laparoscopic, one myomectomy. i ask you about this -- what about the histoysterectomy, if d it laparoscopically, i would bleed out. >> it depends on the location, the size and the type of fibroid you have. the majority are within the wall of the uterus, but they can also be outside with a stem. those are very easy to take care of, if there are small ones. even the big ones we can take out. what happens is the machine they use to break the tissue after the fibroid is not used in the country so you end up with an incision or sometimes we can take it out through the vagina. a lot of times these may not cause a problem. after menopause they can shrink

on their own. there are medical treatments which can reduce your estrogen and -- >> doesn't that bring on early menopausal systems? >> they can. let's talk about the pig binge that's popular, the intervention radiologist today can embolise some of these blood vessel -- wait. you're not happy. you can embolise these -- now f you're planning to have children, that's not for you. you have to be talking to your doctor and decide what's the best treatment. >> but that, too, embolism also brings about menopausal symptoms early. >> absolutely. what he's pointing out here, there's a whole quiver of arrows can you use for this. part is you can take it out through a laproscope or shake it through emolization or try birth control pills, lupron, there are side effects. there are newer versions of l

lupron that don't have side effects. the majority of women that get these perimenopausally, they'll shrink. you want to treat the bleeding and get them through the rough spot or take part of it out but keep the uterus in. >> embolization does not have to cause infertility -- >> i said menopausal -- >> you still keep your uterus, which is a good thing. >> they're telling me to wrap. so much i want to talk to you about. seriously, i have to stop. >> it's a great treatment, is the point he's making. >> i have them and they keep coming back. we have to go. >> you don't have to suffer. there's a lot of treatment out there. talk to a doctor. is your commute killing you? coming up, we'll be talking to you about how that long drive back and forth to work every day

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your nerves. it can also impact your health in a variety of other ways, including increasing, for example, your blood pressure, causing lower back pain, weight gain. wow. >> it all makes sense. >> i have to admit, this is one of the worst things. when i'm in traffic, i'm the worst person to be around. i get anxious, stressed out. i can see my cortisol level going up. study after study, they did a study of 4,000 people, sitting in traffic is not just sitting in traffic, it makes the blood pressure to go up, bit time you get home you're so exhausted. you're cutting down on your sleep because you have to get to the road earlier. you're not exercising. all of these are cardiovascular stressors. americans are spending 25 minutes per average on the road. the people spending an hour and a half has gone up in the last decade. >> that's like los angeles, a two-hour commute that's only ten blocks away. >> not only l.a. >> i'm picking on my hometown.

>> people use yoga in the car, which i don't understand how it works. >> it's a time you could be exercising or walking. there was a german study in 2009 that you're three times more likely to get a heart attack after you've been sitting in traffic for an hour. there was a study out of sweden you're 40% more likely to get divorced -- >> because you're angry. you go home and take it out on the spouse. >> then you sit there and your blood pressure -- >> we do. listen to an audiotape -- >> put the windows up, your air conditioner on, otherwise you get the pollution. i ride a bicycle by the fdr. here in new york, you can't ride a bicycle without get the pollutants. put the window up and put on the air conditioning. >> i put on myself music or use the time, i call a lot of patients in the car. >> or move to montana. there you go. >> ride a horse. >> perfect.

>> thanks, doctors. >> good to see you. >> thanks for watching. america's headquarters from washington, d.c. coming up next. >> greg and i are back at 4:00 eastern. >> right. republican front-runner donald trump is about to hold a rally in indiana. getting started now as primary voters there head to polls on tuesday. all three gop candidates are making their final pleas in the hoosier state. behind the scenes, serious deal-making over delegates is going into overdrive. we'll give you an inside look. meanwhile, hillary clinton about to hold a get out the vote event in indianapolis. we can see some of the warm-up acts there making the case that it is time for bernie sanders to go. now, despite cuts to his staff this week, bernie says he's all in and will rally the troops in south bend this evening. a major milestone tomorrow. five years sin