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tv   Legends Lies  FOX News  May 22, 2016 8:00pm-9:01pm PDT

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studio audience, i'm greg g gutfeld. i love you, america. news is the first draft of history. it is immediate and takes place in real time. legends take longer to develop and are sometimes based on myth. this fox news series looks at the truth behind the legend. [ horse whinnying ] [ horse whinnying ]
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♪ >> we caught the indians n napping. >> yes, sir, general. >> tell them to come without delay. we found a large indian village. send men and ammunition quickly. >> yes, sir. >> ride as fast as you can. >> yes, sir. >> go! >> hurry boys, we got'em. >> the cavalry will dispatch these and head home. ♪ >> forward! of thee ♪
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♪ my country tis of thee ♪ sweet land of liberty ♪ land of my father's pride ♪ land of the pilgrims' pride ♪ from every mountain side ♪ let freedom ring ♪ on the north american
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plains, opportunity calls men of courage to chase the sun west into a new frontier. they would shape a nation, lay hold of their destiny and birth a new mythology. but with the passing of time, every myth has its reckoning. george armstrong custer, known to america as a decorated civil war veteran, ambitious leader, determined general and heroic warrior. but behind every myth stands a man, and every legend lies the truth. mericans know, george armstrong custer, the swaggering boy general, is famous for his futile last stand at the little bighorn. >> as most americans know, george armstrong custer, the swaggering boy general is famous for his futile last stand at the little bighorn. but the legend of custer's crushing defeat does not tell the whole story. the truth is, custer and the
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more than 200 men who die with him that day could have been saved. and it is custer's flawed leadership, not just on that fateful day that sets him up for his ultimate demise. >> two years removed from the civil war america faces a new challenge, securing the western territories and achieving its continent wide destiny. 28-year-old george custer, stash general of the civil war is charged with removing the last obstacle in the way -- the plains indians. to return to glory and build on his fame. >> whoa. >> be safe, george, and come back quickly and in one piece. >> i will, my dear. >> cheering custer on is libbie, his wife of three years. and by his side, younger brother, tom, who serves on his staff. >> it's time, general. the column is moving out.
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>> george custer, he was a rock-star general. a young man, the youngest general in the union army, coming out of the civil war, so he's got this, this kind of huge reputation that he is now going to bring to fighting the indians. >> move out! >> by 1867, many native tribes have been forced onto reservations. but on the great plains, 100,000 native people still roam free, including the aggressive sioux and northern cheyenne, who attack homesteaders and railroad crews. custer is charged with driving the tribes onto reservation or eliminating them altogether. [ people screaming ] >> ah! >> it may be asked, "what had the indians done to make such an incursion necessary?"
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they have been guilty of numerous thefts and murders during the preceding summer and fall, but none of which they had been called into account. >> but before the army resorts to warfare, they invite several cheyenne chiefs to counsel with general winfield hancock. >> i come with an offer of peace from president johnson, our great chief. >> it's custer's first chance to size up his new foes. >> too many lives have been lost, too much blood shed. however, if your young men choose to go on the warpath, you leave us no option but to fight. >> tall bear says the winter was very hard on our people. >> yes. >> the cheyenne's main concern is the scarcity of food, which they blame on the white man. >> settlers kept coming in and encroaching
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on native american lands. there was less and less resources. there was less and less grass for horses. there was less game to hunt. land was shrinking. >> although the two sides fail to make peace, they do agree to meet again the next day. but when morning comes, the cheyenne have disappeared. >> they're gone. >> take your men. find 'em. you know what to do. >> it's an assignment custer's been training for his whole life. >> report to your station, soldier. >> young george begins his military career at west point and makes a less than impressive start.
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he excels at high jinks and hell raising. he earns more demerits than any other cadet. >> george custer may not be a serious student -- he graduates last in his west point class -- but it's not because he's dumb. it's because half of his fellow cadets already dropped out to fight in the civil war. >> when custer leaves the academy, the outcome of the war is still uncertain. he joins the union fight and proves to be a courageous warrior, rushing into battle and taking huge chances, as he combines textbook military tactics with uncanny good luck. >> custer, he had horse after horse shot out from under him, engaged in the most daring hand-to-hand combat, and emerged a two-star general, virtually unscathed, from america's bloodiest conflict.
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>> after the union victory, the army reverts to its regular ranking system. but in deference to custer's wartime stature, he's still addressed as general. now in pursuit of the fleeing cheyenne, the war hero is eager to earn his stars in the regular army. but after weeks on the plains, he's yet to find the enemy. >> custer was used to seeing his enemy out there, camped out. and you knew just what they were gonna go 'cause you were classmates with that guy at west point that's over there on the other side. the cheyenne, they'd hit and run, hit and raid. and custer was not suited to that at all. >> for more than two months, custer searches doggedly
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for his elusive prey. >> i can whip the indians if i can find 'em. and i will leave no effort untried to do this. don't know whether i'm chasing men or ghosts. >> as the days drag on, supplies start to run out. the choice provisions are reserved for the officers, while stale bread is rationed out to the troops. exhausted and starving, their loyalty to custer begins to waver. >> sir. >> all right, soldier. what is it? indians? >> no, over there, you see 'em? >> well, i'll be. those are 7th cavalrymen walkin' away. brazen sons of bitches.
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major elliott! [ horse whinnies ] >> halt! halt! you can't outrun us! we've got you! now drop your weapons! >> custer's frustrated, not only by the indians he can't catch, but by the soldiers he can't control. >> drop it! >> the men hate him. this new war isn't working out for him. i thought i married an italian. my lineage was the vecchios and zuccolis. through ancestry, through dna i found out that i was only 16% italian. he was 34% eastern european.
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♪ >> to clear america's way west, george armstrong custer is in pursuit of the elusive cheyenne on their own familiar territory. >> don't know whether i'm chasin' men or ghosts. >> for the first time in his storied career, the boy general is failing. the cheyenne are nowhere to be found, rations are dwindling and men are deserting. >> halt! >> to regain control,
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custer resorts to violence. >> custer's treatment of the deserters shows how desperate and unhinged he's become. he could have had the men whipped or even branded, both acceptable punishments at that time. but instead, he has them shot, a move that may intimidate his men, but in the end, doesn't help him track down his elusive new enemy. >> put these men in a wagon, and let's get under way. we've wasted enough time already. i have no sympathy for them! >> on the way to the next fort, one of the deserters dies. custer calls an end to the failed mission. all he has to show for it are a dead soldier and a new nickname among his men, hard ass. >> this was really hard
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on custer. he was not getting the glory that he needed. he needed to be constantly fed. he needed to be constantly adored by his followers. and he missed his dear wife, libbie. >> be safe, george, and come back quickly. >> risking professional ruin, the general rides east at top speed. desperate to be consoled by the one person who supports him. >> how did you get here? >> i rode three days. i left my post. >> george! >> i had to be with you. >> for all of his hard-assed-ness, custer was a romantic when it came to his wife, libbie. he absolutely adored her and made sure that she was as close to him as possible.
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>> whether blinded by love or ego, custer's impulsive behavior has serious repercussions. >> president grant is just infuriated. custer is a military officer. he's violated military protocol, and grant wants to fire him. >> that trip cost him. he was court-martialed, not only for going off to see his wife without permission, but also for ordering deserters shot. >> only a few men, including his brother, testify on custer's behalf. he's found guilty on all counts and suspended without pay. >> it's gonna be all right. it's only a year. >> only a year? >> you've survived wars. now, come on. >> as a career military man with no post and no mission,
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custer is lost. >> what he is is bored out of his mind. he's not fighting every day. he's not winning an advancement. there are times that -- when he was even considering leaving the military. >> george, telegram. >> they want me back! well, general sheridan himself has given me a new command. >> it is because of phil sheridan that custer gets brought back in before his one-year suspension is over. and general sheridan thinks highly of custer, and he believes custer can get the job done. >> for custer, it's a chance to redeem himself,
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as he leads his 7th calvary on a winter offensive, determined to catch the enemy off guard. >> custer knows he's going to have to get the indians in secret. he knows he's going to have get them when it's cold, when they are all huddled down for the winter. >> general, indian village on the ridge! >> prepare to dismount! show me. >> there, sir. >> the cavalry finds a fresh trail and follows it to the outskirts of a cheyenne village. >> general, suppose there's more indians down there than we can handle? >> there aren't enough indians in the entire country to whip the 7th cavalry. prepare the regiment to attack. >> feeling the pressure for a victory, custer wastes no time gathering intelligence. taking a page from his west point playbook
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and civil war success, he divides his men, ordering an immediate attack from multiple directions. >> george custer employed a great many of the tacks that he used when he was at military school. dividing into thirds, the main -- that, that is strictly right out of west point. >> the indians are there! draw! forward! forward! [ gunshots ] >> they went hell for leather, charging into the village. they killed more than 100,
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many of them women and children. it was just slaughter. >> major elliott, those indians runnin', take a detachment and run 'em down. >> yes, sir. let's go! forward! >> custer's familiar, brash tactics work. attacking quickly, he maintains the element of surprise and achieves a long-sought victory. but his callous win-at-all-costs attitude comes at a profound price. >> check the tipis thoroughly for weapons, men. >> among the dead is the famous peace advocate chief black kettle and his wife. custer's uncontrolled ambition not only costs many innocent lives... >> general. >> ...it will lead to a bitter rivalry that questions his leadership and threatens his very survival.
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>> given a chance to resurrect his floundering military career, george custer attacks a defenseless cheyenne village, killing its nonviolent chief, and with him, any chance of peace. >> if they'd only waited, they'd have negotiatedthey would have found that it come -- could have come to a peaceful resolve pretty quickly. >> but killing chief black kettle isn't custer's only mistake.
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>> general, they appear to be massing on the ridge. >> in a rush to battle, he only awakens his enemy. >> where in tarnation did those indians come from? on all sides of us, indians could now be seen in considerable numbers. in the morning, we had been the surrounding party. we know found ourselves surrounded. >> custer had not scouted properly up and down the river. other indian tribes, because this was in november, had been wintering there. they hear all this ruckus, they pick up their guns, and they go, "let's see what's goin' on." >> set the lodges on fire and get the prisoners mounted up! we're movin' out! >> sir, major elliott has not yet returned. surely we're -- we're gonna wait. >> no helping that now, he'll have to manage on his own. come on, move out!
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>> his victory at washita quickly becomes a hollow one for custer. in the end, he kills mostly sleeping people who are led by one of the only peaceful chiefs on the great plains. and to top it off, custer leaves 20 troops behind to fend for themselves against the cheyenne. >> two weeks later, the 7th cavalry returns, desperate to find their missing men. >> we suddenly came upon the stock stiff bodies
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of our dead companions. no words were needed to tell how desperate had been the struggle before they were finally overpowered. >> we need to give these men a proper burial at once! >> there's no time for sentimentality, captain. besides, the ground's frozen solid. wrap the remains in blankets and prepare to move out! >> leaving men behind, custer has committed a cardinal sin of military brotherhood. >> captain frederick benteen hates him from that day on. he abandoned the troops. it's just somethin' you don't do. benteen will never get over that. >> in retaliation, the captain breaks rank, sending an anonymous editorial to a saint louis newspaper,
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exposing the general. >> our missing comrades are forgotten. over them and the ponies, the wolves will hold high carnival, and their howling will their only requiem. >> the public embarrassment unleashes custer's fury. >> let the slandering coward come forward and face me, if he's man enough. >> sir! i am the author, and i am prepared for whatever punishment you see fit. r protection
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great rates for great rides. >> george custer's plan to revive his struggling career is backfiring. the general abandons 20 of his men on the battlefield. captain frederick benteen turns on his leader, alerting the country to custer's callous command. [ whip lashing ] >> let the slandering coward come forward and face me. >> sir! i am the author, and i am prepared for whatever punishment you see fit. >> captain benteen, i will see you again, sir. you are dismissed. >> losing the respect of his officers and fearing
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the public will soon follow, custer goes on a pr offensive, writing a series of inflated articles about his past military exploits, hoping to rekindle his celebrity. the tactic works with the public, but among his men, it only worsens his standing. >> "it was as if god himself was on my horse dictating the movements of battle." [ laughter ] well, there you go, boys. we're gonna be fine. we got custer and god, who will play second part in this play. >> enter! >> sir, my daughter's fallen quite ill. i should like to take some time to be with her at fort rice. this is my request for leave.
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>> we all have to make sacrifices, captain. permission denied. >> yes, sir. >> george custer was quite strict with a lot of his officers. it was the extreme way of getting their respect. but when custer came down hard on benteen, there was some personal backing to his decision. >> before benteen can appeal, his year-old daughter dies. ever the good solider, he continues to obey custer, but his disdain for the general intensifies. oblivious to its effect on his image, custer holds showy outings.
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>> you care for an olive, my sweet buttercup? >> ...surrounding himself with family and friends, including his wife, libbie, and younger brothers. >> tom, you've got to come hunting with me. >> right now? >> it is a beautiful afternoon. we've got to go. i... >> his critics refer to them derisively as the royal family. >> hey, there is never too late to... >> i'll come -- i'll come if george comes. >> will george come? >> no! >> oh, come on... >> george will not come. >> i have a date with a piece of cheese... >> oh... >> ...that i have to attend to. all right then. >> along with small-scale events, the general holds lavish buffalo hunts, but not just for pleasure, as part of a military plan to starve out the native tribes. >> at one time, there were probably 40 million buffalo out on the plains, and this was the indians' commissary. the buffalo provided everything. >> the u.s. army hunts buffalo to near extinction in just a few years, forcing thousands of native americans to depend
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on reservation life for survival. but some tribes fight back, targeting the advancing migration. at year's end, the nation faces a shortage of its own -- a severe financial depression. >> the panic of 1873 ranks up there with any great recession, depression, in american history. there becomes a desperation about jobs, about money. >> in response, the army orders custer to lead an expedition into the black hills of dakota territory, rumored to be rich in gold. it's a chance for the eager general to become a national savior and renew his fame. >> custer went in there with a lot of fanfare. he took along miners, prospectors, and geologists. >> the only problem -- this land was promised to the sioux in the fort laramie treaty five years earlier.
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>> according to their oral histories, the black hills are where the sioux come from. the discovery of gold there and the mining of that gold is not only a desecration of people living there, it's a desecration of one of their most sacred places. >> ignoring the treaty, custer ventures deep into the black hills and finds what he calls gold in abundance. the news makes headlines across the nation. >> the black hills expedition returned custer to the front pages of america's newspapers, brought him back some of the glory of the civil war days. but now it was custer of the west. >> the confirmation of gold in the black hills keeps custer in the public's good graces. but in truth, it is a short-term victory, which sets him up for his ultimate demise. custer's encroachment onto sacred land infuriates the sioux people, including one of their chiefs,
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a seasoned warrior named crazy horse, who calls george custer "the white thief" and vows to destroy him. >> as my dear mother used to say, "even a broken clock is right twice a day." >> son of a... >> don't you cross that square with my watch. >> for more revealing stories on these and other western characters featured in "legends and lies," purchase the companion book available at billoreilly.com and bookstores nationwide.
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>> as gold is discovered in the black hills of dakota territory, general george custer is happy to take credit for the boost to the nation's economy. >> this area was not just going to be great for gold, but was going to be great to settle and to bring more people in and to get the indians out. >> the land had been set aside for use by the sioux in the fort laramie treaty. although the u.s. now offers to buy the land, sioux spiritual leader sitting bull refuses. >> sitting bull's people were ordered into their agencies to report. of course they wouldn't come,
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so sheridan decided that they had to be taught a lesson. and then that justified the army going out to get them. custer was going to lead the troops that were gonna bring in the sioux. >> in late spring, custer leads his 7th cavalry deep into indian territory on the northern plains. >> sir! there's an indian camp up ahead. >> the general goes back to his familiar playbook, dividing his regiment into smaller detachments, the same tactic that worked for him at washita. >> custer does not do his homework. he does not do his reconnaissance. that's really his short card. >> captain benteen, take three companies and advance on the left. major reno will advance on the right with three companies to the base of that incline. go, sir, go! >> general,
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perhaps it would be best not to separate the troops right now. >> you have your orders, captain -- go! >> engaging a hungry and desperate band on the washita in the middle of winter is a heck of a lot different than engaging determined sioux in good weather. >> but custer is single-minded, separating his men among the hills, where they'll be blinded to each other's positions. major reno will attack the camp head on, while custer swings around and approaches from the rear. a third unit stays back to guard supplies, while captain benteen scouts the surrounding hills. >> custer sends benteen off, in part because if there's gonna be any glory in battle, benteen's not gonna get any of it. >> downfield, major reno and his men ride headlong into the fight, unaware that nearly 500
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battle-tested warriors lie in wait. >> the first that realizes that they are in way over their head is marcus reno. [ people yelling ] i mean, he comes up on this village with his men, and they are just inundated, and so they fight and retreat, fight and retreat. >> pull back! >> isolated behind the ridge, custer has no idea reno's men are fighting for their lives. >> custer is not working in concert with others well. you need to coordinate your efforts. you need to know the terrain very well, and it's actually the home field of your enemy.
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that's why the scouting and intelligence is so critical. >> we caught the indians napping. dispatch a message to captain benteen. >> yes, sir, general. >> tell him to come without delay. we've found a large indian village. bring men and ammunition quickly. >> yes, sir! orderly! >> ride back and find captain benteen. ride as fast as you can! >> yes, sir! >> go! hurry, boys! we got 'em! [ whooping ] 7th cavalry will dispatch these hostiles and then head home! draw pistols! forward! >> custer plunges blindly into battle, unaware of the peril that lies ahead.
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[ men whooping ] waiting in the hills is the fierce sioux leader, crazy horse. he's sworn to defend his people's land from the white thief at all costs. >> crazy horse was a -- a veteran of more indigenous battles than custer could ever imagine. he'd no idea what they were going up against here. >> as the 7th cavalry pursues the sioux and cheyenne, not only is custer headed for a showdown with brave warriors, but also with the repercussions of a decade of his own ruthless ambition. if you're running a business, legalzoom has your back. over the last 10 years we've helped one million business owners get started. visit legalzoom today for the legal help you need to start and run your business. legalzoom. legal help is here.
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>> after calling for reinforcements, george custer rides off in pursuit of the sioux and the illustrious legacy he craves. he's unaware that awaiting him is a well-prepared gathering of plains warriors, including the hardened war chief
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crazy horse. >> while legend creates an image of native american warriors fighting with bows and arrows, the truth is the sioux and cheyenne are experienced fighters who trade for modern weapons. in fact, many of their guns are newer and more advanced than those carried by the u.s. soldiers they're fighting. >> outnumbered more than 4 to 1, custer's only hope is that captain frederick benteen gets the message and comes quickly. >> captain! >> but when the communiqué finally arrives, it's anything but clear. >> benteen is given a message from custer that says,
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"bring packs. bring packs." he's not really sure what's going on. >> company, prepare to mount. >> with no line of sight, benteen heads in the direction of the loudest gunfire, where he finds major reno and his men pinned down. >> captain benteen, get your men on a skirmish line on this hill here. >> prepare to fight on foot. >> benteen's decision to stay and reinforce reno forever seals custer's fate. >> men, we will stand this ground with major reno and his men. >> even as they fight on the hill, many of them thought that custer had deserted them, just like he had deserted elliott, and he was riding off to glory. >> he did what he thought was best under the circumstances. if custer was damaged
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by this decision, that's a little somethin' extra. >> with captain benteen's help, reno's men are able to fend off their attackers. but without reinforcements, custer is overwhelmed. >> come on! ah! >> be safe, george. come back quickly and in one piece. >> i will. i will. >> i am the author, and i am prepared for whatever punishment... >> it takes crazy horse and his warriors under an hour to overwhelm the general, his brothers, and more than 200 men.
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>> custer's last stand stunned the nation. the united states thought it was a sophisticated, industrial, urban nation. and here, from montana, comes a report that the crack unit in the u.s. army has been wiped out. wiped out by stone-age people. how is this possible? >> the biggest thing with custer is that he did not scout what's going on. you needed very good scouts, and you needed to pay close attention to subtleties. it's better to be subtle and victorious than to be flamboyant and to be known for a last stand. >> the little bighorn battle is the last stand for george custer, but it also triggers the end of the struggle for the sioux and cheyenne people to hold on to their land. public outrage over the massacre
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gives the army the support it needs to expand the fight. and within a year, the sioux and cheyenne flee to canada or are forced onto reservations. george armstrong custer is one of the most controversial figures in american history. he's a man driven by ego, obsessed with his own legend. in the end, this obsession likely leads to his own demise. instead of the eternal glory he so craved, george custer is forever remembered for a spectacular failure. am l
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