he is resting, a much diseerkd rest tonight. i'm aishah hasnie in washington. may you have a wonderful and safe new year. "the ingraham angle" is next. ♪ ♪ ♪ ♪ ♪ >> they didn't expect to seet

whatto they saw. and when they saw it, they could never forget it. hir hayden lead a team in the northwest territories: west. they weren't here to protect yellowstone yellowstone. they were here to tear it to shreds in the name of progress. gold interests, railroad barons, congress. powerful people wanted this land for themselves. but something happened during their three month journey. and slowly but surely. their mission

changed. so as we celebrate the 150th anniversary of yellowstone national park, we take a look back in time at the events that led to the preservation. of this magical place. think about the

things i'm going to miss most when i finally have to. walk away. from. not just my family that i'll think of, but it will be the books i never read, the music i never hear. and sometimes the stories that i wished i would have known. most of us walk through life and myself. admittedly, i do the

same thing without really getting below the surface. when i was younger, i saw pictures of yellowstone and i, i thought, could there be a place like this in the world? where this river's cut through these mountains that were so high and. the animals could see them by the thousands? i remember when i got my first glimpse of the mountains. i had to take a breath. i began to understand what was so special about it.

and when i read what it took for yellow stone to be here so that we could all enjoy it, i realized that this was a story that i suddenly wanted to share. i think everyone in their life at some point thinks i want to change the world, but it's rare to actually come across a true story of people who did. this was a time in america where all people cared about was what they could extract from the land, what they could get out of their. but these pioneers, they came up with an entirely new idea, a new way of finding value in the land. i want to see what they saw. i want to see what changed them. i heard it was 150th

anniversary of yellowstone national park. first thing i thought was, how does the park have an anniversary? what

actually what actually happened here 150 years ago? so i started to look into it. it's just an amazing story. back in the early 1870s, all the all this land you see around here has been claimed up by miners. the stories about this place started making their way back east. eventually congress got wind of it. you guys ready? congress commissioned ferdinand hayden to go investigate yellowstone. he recruited some of the best geologists,

cartographers and zoologists in the world. he also brought along a photographer and a painter to document their findings. now 32 men headed west. their mission was twofold to search for mineral exploits that could benefit the american people and to find a path to build a railroad that would connect the mississippi river to the pacific ocean. they weren't here to protect yellowstone. they were here to tear it to shreds in the name of progress. but something happened during that three month journey. this place, it

did something to him, got inside him. and slowly but surely started to change their minds. and that's why it's still here. yeah, she's still here. at. the hayden expedition resulted in the creation of the national park system. yellowstone being the first. now there are over 4000 worldwide and over 2,000,000mis of pristine nature that are protected from destruction. those are some big boots to fill, but i'm walking in the

shadow of the pioneers, following the trail they blazed, as detailed in two journals kept by members of the expedition and ten letters that hayden himself wrote. to yellowstone. look the same today as they described in these journals 150 years ago. let's find out. what. the explorers first look at yellowstone was on the morning of july 16th. collecting fossils on one of the mountain peaks of the gallatin range. they looked south and saw the yellowstone river. winding through its valley in the distance. they knew they had arrived.

fed by runoff from the snowy mountain peaks, the yellowstone river is the lifeblood of the park. nearly 700 miles from end to end, it's the longest free flowing river in america. no dams have ever been built on it, leaving the yellowstone every bit as wild and untamed as it was when hayden first saw it. the yellowstone moves east and south through this part of the park, before branching off into a 40 mile long tributary called the lamar river. this

leads straight to the fertile valley that is the mecca of northern american wildlife. the lamar valley is often referred to as the american serengeti. the abundant tall grasses and endless supply of fresh water is everything the prey species in the area could ask for. and as they flood into a one mile wide and 20 mile long wildlife corridor, they're followed by predators of all shapes and sizes. who.

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>> the wildlife in lamar valley seem to have an impact on the hayden expedition. on one hand, the journal entries still refer to the viability of mining the area. but on the other hand, they wrote about the abundance of elk and deer and more frequent run ins with yellowstone's alpha predator. the grizzly bear. over 700 live within the park's borders today. it's a healthy population and it takes 22,000 pounds of meat each day to keep them all fed. these elk aren't volunteering for the job, but

this hungry bear doesn't care.e of speed. and the bear can't keep up his chase for very long.

but in the chaos, a calf gets separated from the herd. the calf opts to hide. and the grizzly searches. if she moves, she'll be an easy meal for the grizzly. wins thid

seek. mom calls out to find her offspring.

this is life in the lamar valley. hayden and his men weren't here for wildlife watching, so they had to move on, pushing further into the unknown. think about the

spirit of the great explorers. you know what it takes to be the first to do something, to journey into the unknown. i mean, these guys had a job to do, and that was to keep going. but as they headed south, they started to hear a roar in the distance. imagine making your camp right here, having no idea what would be waiting for you come sunrise. you know when you follow a river for long enough.

you're bound to run into a waterfall. like the one that the hayden party found in their way was was a monster. the 308ft tall, over 60,000 gallons of water fall over its lower falls every second. do you know the sheer sight and sound of the cascading water was almost too perfect for the lead geologist to put into words. standing there, i thought how utterly impossible it would be to describe to another the sensations inspired by such a presence. a grander scene was

never witnessed by mortal eyes. now how in the hell are we going to get down that? they didn't have fancy climbing gear, no harnesses, no carabiners, just ropes made of al qaeda that were known for snapping when they got wet. that, and the insatiable desire to explore. so they tied the ropes around their shoulders, crossed their fingers, and made the 308 foot descent in just over two hours. they had arrived in the canyon. and what a magnificent canyon it is.

carved by the river for the last 160,000 years. the grand canyon of the yellowstone is a work in progress. today it's 24 miles long, 1200ft in depth and 4000ft wide. tomorrow it'll be a little bigger. every day it gets deeper and wider as hydrothermal activity weakens the rock that lines it. that rock is rich in iron deposits, which oxidize over time, giving the canyon the stunning yellow colors that swirl inside its walls. the minotaur tribe named the river mysia daisy, which means yellow rock river. when trappers and fur traders came, they interpreted that as

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♪ ♪ ♪ >> nate: hello, everybody. this is a "special report" from times square. happy new year we have a million people all over the world ringing in 2025 here. we spoke with people from japan, kazakhstan, india, toronto. everybody is coming here to ring

in the new year. and it's already a party. we have the jonas brothers about 20 yards behind me right now going through their entire set. we have hundreds of people right up against the stage. absolutely loving it. they actually just played a cover from the cranberries so you can expect that shortly after midnight. wasn't expecting a cranberry's cover here. we have about four and a half hours until 2025. when the 12,000-pound crystal ball will drop and take a good look at it this year because after it drops. it will go into retirement. it's been in commission since 20202007. next year we will have a new ball. so happy new year, everybody. on. ♪ trapped for

centuries beneath the flood waters of the melting ice age glaciers. when the water finally drained, it left behind 50mi■s of subalpine grasslands that would come to be named after the pioneers. this is hayden valley. a stunning open range to behold and home to one of the most iconic animals in us history. the great american bison. weighing up to a ton and standing six feet tall at the hump, these are the largest mammals in north america. and

the yellowstone herd are the only pure descendants left of the asian bison who migrated across the land bridge to north america 400,000 years ago. and in july and august, right when the hayden party was making their way down these hills, dust fills the air in the valley. the bison rut is underway. female bison tend to mate with the most dominant bulls. this wallowing behavior

by the males is a display of power and aggression. during the mating season, each pool will lose around 200 pounds, dedicating all his time and energy to performing for the potential mates. it's an interesting ritual, but highly effective because in yellowstone the bison are thriving and every year more and more of these wooly giants roam the valley. fortunately, mother nature has her own way of balancing the ecosystem. and while the bison here are formidable in hayden valley, the wapiti lake wolf pack runs the show.

along. and bison steak is on their menu. at 19, wolves strong. pack is a force to be reckoned with. and they fought off numerous attempts from other packs to steal their territory. with a flourishing population of over 500 wolves currently living in the yellowstone ecosystem, it's certain that they'll be challenged again and a new pack will reign supreme over the valley. it's all part of the natural and can neuriva support your brain health? mary. janet. hey! eddie. no! fraser. frank. frank. fred. how are you?

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time they got here, they must have. they must have known they found paradise. how could you not? you know, wild game everywhere. geology everywhere. maybe it was right here where they started to change their mind about this place. why in the hell would you build a railroad through all of this?

during the expedition, hayden was sending letters back to the north pacific railroad company. just giving them updates. but at some point, his tone changed, and it's. communications became less about logistics and more about the beauty all around. maybe it was a day just like this, right here in this spot that got to him.

weather. the seeds of doubt had crept into their minds or not. hayden and his team were determined to explore as much of this alien world as possible, so they headed in further following the river. to

the lake that feeds it. 20 miles across and 14 miles wide, yellowstone lake is the largest high elevation lake in america. it's 110 miles of coastline, provide unlimited fresh drinking water to every species in the park during the summer. in winter, the liquid

water is trapped below a sheet of ice three feet thick. holes in the frozen surface marked spots where warm water gushes up from below as geysers and hot springs rage beneath the lake's peaceful surface. it's the result of yellowstone's active geology. it's what gives life to all the park's geothermal activity. it's why this alien world looks like no other place on earth. and the curiosities it offers are endless. your parents have given you some amazing gifts, celebrate the ones you inherited with ancestrydna. explore the detailed family roots, cultures and traits

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>> mammoth hot springs. formed over thousands of years as spring water traveled underground through a fault line, and then cooled as it seeped out of the limestone, depositing calcium carbonate.

algae in the warm pools. turn the stone shelves in the travertine terrace. red, green, brown and orange. the grand prismatic spring is the single feature that took up the most space in the hayden expedition's journals. a mesmerizing sight where water bubbles up from the earth's crust. at 189 degrees in the

center, it's too hot for anything to live, giving it the deep blue color of pure water. as the water spreads across the surface, it cools. allowing thermophilic bacteria to flourish. each ring of color is a different type of bacteria that thrives at a different temperature, but bacteria aren't the only life forms that have adapted to the unique geology here. bison migrate to the thermals in winter, where heat melts away the heavy snow,

exposing the grass below. the cliff. swallows come every spring to make condos out of the sandstone mounds left behind by the dormant hot springs of the past. the ever morphing geology of yellowstone built these homes. do your dry eyes still feel gritty, rough, or tired? with miebo, eyes can feel ♪ miebo ohh yeah ♪ miebo is the only prescription dry eye drop that forms a protective layer for the number one cause of dry eye: too much tear evaporation. for relief that's ♪ miebo ohh yeah ♪ remove contact lenses before using miebo. wait at least 30 minutes before putting them back in. eye redness and blurred vision may occur. what does treating dry eye differently feel like?

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and you can even track your goals. manage your diabetes with confidence with dexcom g7. the most accurate cgm. ♪ learn more at dexcom.com claman countdown on fox business. invested in you. >> you know it's amazing how much they all knew so long ago. it must have all felt the ground moving. heard the rock slides in the distance at night. falling. they all knew

something was pushing from down below. it took another hundred years to figure out what was really going on down there. we know there's a volcano down there and a magma chamber 37 miles long, 18 miles wide, and extending five miles down into the earth's crust. scientists estimate an eruption could send thousands of cubic miles of rock and molten glass into the atmosphere. creating a cloud of dust and debris so thick that no one on earth would see the sun for years.

that volcano's only erupted three times over the last 2 million years, so it's unpredictable. but the awesome heat it generates powers one of the most iconic landmarks in the us. one you can set your watch by. people come from all over the world to stand with eyes wide and mouths hung open. it's the most visited feature in yellowstone. this is old faithful. name for the consistency of its eruptions. old faithful is a crack in the earth above an underground reservoir. and yellowstone's searing geothermal heat keeps that water steaming hot 24

hours a day, filling the chamber with steam pressure. the pressure that builds and builds, and roughly every 90 minutes. after months of exploring, the hayden team had seen some of the most dazzling sights in the world. they knew immediately this was a special place. but then they came across two prospectors who'd laid claim to the entire area. they were going to dig for gold, build a hotel, and market the water as some sort of

magical healing potion. and the thought of it must have just crushed hayden. he knew that it would be destroyed soon, that his children's children would never see it unless he did something about it. it requires no stretch of the imagination to see this place in the near future. thronged with invalids, drinking this water and bathing in it for their health. he knew that if he could protect yellowstone, if he could find a way that it would rank with any natural curiosity the world can produce his words. imagine the pressure. hayden. hayden must have been feeling. gold. interests. congress. railroad

barons, powerful people wanted this land for themselves. he knew the fight would be uphill. but he also knew that when you have an idea and you believe in it strongly enough, you can change the world. it was the year that nasa got stuck in space. colleges failed the test and hawkeye took her shot. did we miss anything?