>> excellencecies, distinguished delegates, colleagues, ladies and gentlemen. i'm sorry to say that the maldives has given up something of her habit. once or twice a year, we are invited to attend an important climate change event such as this one, often as a keynote speaker. the subject matter we are asked to cover is usually something along the lines of, what are the challenges and threats that climate change poses to the maldives and other small island states? on cue we stand here and tell you just how bad things are.

we warn you that unless you act quickly and decisively our homeland and others like it will disappear beneath the rising sea before the end of the century. we ask you what will become of us. in response the assembled leaders of the world stand up, one by one, and rail against the injustices of it all. .

>> i do not wish to sound downhearted, but i think it is important to be frank and honest. as we all know breaking a habit is to accept that there is a problem. and i think it is clear that the problem for the past 20 years we have stood here warning you of

the threat of climate change, but we have not told you what the solution is. we have not clearly explained that it is in our interests not just ours to pursue that solution and we have not been willing to prove that such a solution is achievable and mutually beneficial by pursuing it ourselves by leading example. today, therefore, the maldives will break its own habit. we will continue to play a role as the world's conscience on global warming. but we will align that goal with an equally determined effort to point the way out of the mine, to explain why it is in all of our interests to reach the

surface and to work with you to reach the line. first thing, what is the solution to the current political deadlock on climate change? as all of us know but are perhaps unwilling to say, it is really very, very simple. one, nations must acknowledge their historic responsibility for global warming and they must accept ambitious and binding emission targets consistent with an average temporary increase of 1.5 degrees pre-industrial levels. two, if the other countries act decisively, we in the developing world must be ready to jump by accepting binding emission

tarts, reduction targets under the principle of common, but differentiated responsibilities providing that it gives us the tools to do so, namely the technology and finance to help us reform our economic base and pursue carbon-neutral development. three, while priorities must be given to mitigation, the developing world must also provide new additional and predictable adapttation financing. ladies and gentlemen, if it is so simple, then why have we not been doing it? in my opinion, there are three principal reasons. first, governments still believe that tackling climate change must necessarily incur an economic cost or a relative

disadvantage. in fact, in my mind, the opposite is true. oil is running out and will become increasing lip expensive while clean technologies and renewable energy are becoming ever more efficient and affordable. states which accept this reality and embrace the green new deal will be the winners of the 20th century. the second reason the world is failing to pursue the outline is because of a lack of trust between countries, especially developing and undeveloped countries. typical point of disagreements are who should jump first, how far does the other side have to

jump before we make our move. if we express a willingness to jump will it awake our position. these concerns are of course quite normal and part and parcel of international diplomacy. however, i would argue that the threat posed by climate change is now so acute, the signs are so clear, the solution so apparent and the cost benefit analysis of action and inaction so alarming that such must be left in the past. thirdly, the question is about what countries cannot do, rather than they can do.

we believe a positive agenda focusing on what can do might provide a better alternative. yesterday, at the summit, we agreed to recognize the need to supplement the u.n. process by calling on the major emitters to agree to produce enough clean energy to attend the targets of limiting temporary degrees to 1.5 degrees celcius. it is now in all of our national interests to jump first and jump far. that is the maldives without waiting for the outcome of the copen haguen summit announced

its intention to become carbon neutral by 2020. why are we enacting a national strategy? ladies and gentlemen, as i have made clear, the maldives is determined to break old habits. from now on, we will no long ir to shout about the hils of climate change. instead, we believe it provides us with the clarity of vision to understand how the problem may be solved. it's very clear to us. the objectivity to say that it is in all of our interests to aggressively pursue that solution and the courage and the determination to lead by example by walking the part ourselves.

in return, we ask the world leaders to discard those habits that have led to 20 years of come placensy and broken promises on climate change and instead to see the historic opportunity that is at the end of the road to copenhagen. please, ladies and gentlemen, we did not do any of these things, but if things go business as usual, we will not live, we will die. our country will not exist. we cannot come out from copenhagen as failures. we cannot make copenhagen a path for suicide. we have to succeed and we have

to make a deal in copenhagen. thank you very much. [applause] >> i thank the president for his statement. i now invite president of china to speak from the perspective of fast growing developing countries and the opportunities and challenges in addressing the climate change. mr. president, you have the floor. [applause]

[mr. secretary general, dear colleagues, global climate change has a profound impact on the survival and development of mankind. it is a major challenge facing all countries. i wish to highlight here a few principles that we need to follow in our common endeavor to tackle this issue of climate change. first, fulfilling our respective responsibilities should be at the core of our effort. the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities embodies the consensus of the international community.

adherence to this principle is critical to keeping international cooperation on climate change on the right track. second, achieving true benefits and win-win outcomes should be the goal of our effort. developed countries should support developing countries in tackling climate change. it is their responsibility, but also serves long-term interests. we should make our endeavor on climate change a win-win for both developed and developing countries and a win-win for both the interests of individual countries and the common interests of humanity. third, promoting common

development should be the basis of our effort. we should and can only advance our efforts to tackle climate change in the course of development and meet this challenge through common development. it is imperative to give full consideration to the development stage and basic needs of developing countries while we address climate change. the international community should pay close attention to the difficulties facing the developing countries, especially the small island states, the least developed countries, landlocked countries and african countries. we should combine our efforts to

address climate change with efforts to promote the growth of developing countries and build up their own dine nism for development and their sustainability for development. fourth, ensuring financing and technology holds the key to our success of the effort. developed countries should take up their responsibility and provide new additional, adequate and predictable financial support to developing countries to enable them to have access to climate friendly technologies. dear colleagues, out of the sands of responsibility to its own people and people across the road, china has taken and will continue to take determined and practical steps to tackle this challenge.

china has adopted and is implementing its national climate change program. this includes mandatory national targets for reducing energy intensity and discharge of major pollutants and increasing forest coverage and the share of renewable energy for the period of 2005 through 2010. in the years ahead, china will further integrate our actions on climate change into our economic and social development plans and take the following forceful measures. first, we will intensify our effort to conserve energy and improve energy efficiency. we will endeavor to cut carbon

dioxide emissions peru knit of g.d.p. by a notable margin to 2020. second, we will vigorously develop the new energy at nuclear energy. we will endeavor to increase the share of none fossil fuels in primary energy consumption to around 15% by 2020. third, we will increase forest carbon. we will endeavor to increase forest coverage by 40 million hectres and forest stock bottom by 1.3 billion cubic meters by 2020 from the 2005 levels. fourth, we will step up our efforts to develop green economy, low carbon economy and

circular economy and enhance research, development and climate friendly technologies. dear colleagues, china stands ready to work with all countries to build an even better future for the generations to come. thank you all. [applause] >> i think the president of china for his important statement and commitment. i now invite the prime minister of japan to speak from the perspective of large market economies and the importance of strengthening the midterm targets of industrialized

countries. mr. prime minister, you have the floor. [applause] >> mr. secretary general, distinguished delegates, ladies and gentlemen. it is migrate pleasure to address this timely meeting of the united nations summit on climate change. i was appointed as prime minister of japan six days ago in a historic change of government achieved through the will of the people of the recent elections. [applause] >> mr. secretary general,

climate change affects the entire globe and requires long-term and international efforts. thus, it is imperative for all countries to address the issue under the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities. with a change of government, as prime minister of japan, i will now seek to unite our efforts to address current and future global climate change with the duration of the warnings of science. mr. secretary general, allow me to touch upon the issue of reduction targets for greenhouse gas emissions. based on the discussion in ipcc, i believe the developed

countries need to take the lead in emission reduction efforts. it is my view that japan should positively commit itself to setting a long-term reduction target for its mid-term goal, japan will aim to reduce its he emissions by 25% by 2020. [applause] >> as compared to the 1990 level, consistent with what the science calls for in order to halt global warming. this is a public pledge that we made in our election manifesto. imto exercise the political will required to deliver on this promise by mobilizing all available policy tools. these will include the

introduction of a domestic trading mechanism for renewable energy as well as the global warming text. however, japan's effort cannot halt climate change even if it sets an ambitious reduction target. it is imperative to establish a fair and effective international framework in which all major economies participate. the commitment of japan to the world is premised on agreements on ambitious targets by all the major economies on the glishment of the domestic trading market, we will promote exchange of information with other countries

and full discussions on the issue, bearing in mind the impact on the international competitiveness as well as possible linkages among countries. mr. secretary general, climate change requires a global response. in the process of furthering this, developing countries must aim to reduce greenhouse gas emissions under the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities. this is especially important for developing countries with large emissions. solving the problem of climate change will involve a vast amount of financial resources, in particular to support adaptation by vulnerable

developing countries and small island countries. such financing should be strategically expanded. japan is prepared to provide financial and technical assistance than in the past in accordance with the progress of the international negotiations. public financial assistance and technology transfer to developing countries are critically important. however, they -- we will not meet the financial needs of countries. i intend to work with world leaders on creating a mechanism that not only ensures the effective use of public plans, but also facilitates the flow of private investments. mr. secretary general, japan has

the following four principles that is essential in assisting developing countries. first, the developed countries, including japan, must contribute through substantial new and additional public and private financing. second, we must develop laws that will facilitate international recognition of developing countries' emission reductions. in particular, those achieved through financial assistance in a measurable and portable and verifiable manner. third, on assistance to developing countries, consideration should be given to innovative members of the committee nisms to be implemented in a predictable

manner. and international system should be established under those pieces of the u.n. climate change regime. this system should facilitate one-stop provision of information and matching of available bilateral and multilateral financing while securing transparency and effective utilization of assistance. fourth, japan proposes to establish a framework to promote the transfer of low carbon technologies, which ensures the protection of intellectual property rights. i would like to propose to the international community based on what i have just outlined. the kyoto protocol was a

historic milestone of the first international framework that obligated nations to reduce greenhouse gases. efforts, however, cannot be realized unless a new framework is created. to that end toward establishing a fair and effective undertaking, i will exert every effort for the success of copenhagen in the course of formulating this initiative. mr. secretary general, active players to address climate change such as the new green deal initiated by president obama will open new frontiers and create new opportunities for employment in the world economy, particularly in such fields as

clean energy technologies, including electric vehicles and solar-power generation. japan has relatively strong potential for technological development as well as considerable financial capacity. thus, i recognize that japan is expected to take the lead in the international community in setting its own reduction targets and to achieve such target through the development of innovative technologies. i have full confidence in the abilities of the japanese people and our companies. political leaders at this time also have a responsibility to futeturl generations to create a sustainable society by transforming the social structure that we have known

since the industrial revolution. mr. secretary general, in conclusion, i wish to make a strong appeal to you to work together so that we will be able to make significant achievements in copenhagen in december and that the people of the world will be able to say their leaders made crucial decisions for the sake of future generations. thank you very much. [applause] >> i think his excellency, prime minister of japan for his strong commitment to cut greenhouse

emissions. i now invite the president to speak from the perspective of landlocked countries seeking to eradicate poverty while development efforts are constrained by the adverse impact of climate change. mr. president, you have the floor. [applause] >> mr. secretary general, excellencies, ladies and gentlemen. africa will have the more severe impact from climate change than other parts of the world, but

has less resources to manage this challenge and yet, this hardly a problem of africa's making. but this is not in the round of blame game because in the context of the struggle for the survival of our planet, pointing fingers would not only be in poor taste, but also counterproductive. rather, what is required is a shared responsibility of mitigation and adaptation strategy that leaves no one behind because we are all in this together. >> negotiations to solve this fundamental challenge have been

primarilyly fobaling cussed on industrialized nations based on the need for reduction of emissions. the result has been the cap and trade process, trading carbon dioxide that does not fully integrate the developing world. in other words, the current cap and trade process is a disincentive to developing countries to adopt a low carbon dioxide emission path whay. this creates the problem of leakage. developing nations that are not subject to this trading arrangement. we should aim for something entirely different. why not provide a country by

country projection for all countries above, say, two tons carbon dioxide per person and the constant trading traject other for all those below. so the climate change economists tell us. then the developing countries below this threshold would have a financial incentive to maintain this status by trading with the developed countries that exceed their quota. this will create a financial flaw from the developed world sufficient to manage the developing world's needs for adaptation and mitigation. the global trade in this commodity would eventually yield

a carbon dioxide global value in the region of $1 trillion u.s. dollars. this way, trading that engages the developing countries would meet the challenge of prime minister gordon brown's proposal for 100 billion united states dollars by year -- for adaptation and mitigation in the developing world. this may not be admittedly be achievable but should be the aim . and this is not solicitation for aid. this cap and trade process would lower emissions since all countries will be incentivized to reducing them. therefore, far from being a

form, it is a comprehensive plan for global trade and for rendering the imperative of saving our planet a truly global responsibility. from the african standpoint, we have more or less on the basis of climate change is an industrial point born in the west and destinned to be solved by these very nations. this no longer applies and should not be the case whether in terms of robust participation in discussions of climate change or in adopting green technologies for saving our planet. we in africa should be alarmed by the shrinking of the arctic

ocean ice to unprecedented levels partly illustrated by successful passage of commercial ships through the northeast passage and as by the current gross ravaging our continent. humankind inherited a planet with the physical capital and beauty. 7,500 of our ancestors have inhabited it over the last 150,000 years. and fortunately, we have begun to adopt points of view that are consistent with this legacy and the future, including including

leaps in technology that would effectively mitigate against the depletion of resources. number two, allocating raw materials to their highest and best uses is in itself good morality. three, there is inherent value to nature only as products for us to enjoy. fourth, g.d.p. maximizes human well-being. individuals, communities and nations that are rise on self-interests shall fail to understand that environmental forces have limits and transcend borders on the map. we have made poor decisions in the past, but i believe we have immeasurable capacity to learn

from our errors and to improve and make better the human condition. african nations intend to speak with one voice on behalf of the whole planet precisely because of the magnitude of challenge in this regard. we stand ready to effectively contribute together with others towards this endeavor. this is our purpose at this united nations general assembly summit and first climate change meeting in copenhagen. >> i think president of rwanda

for his important statement. i now invite prime minister of sweden to speak from the perspective of developing countries that are now supporting the climate change adaptation efforts for developing countries. mr. prime minister. [applause] >> mr. secretary general, ladies and gentlemen, for me, politics begins in the individual and the challenges she is facing. they vary, of course, from person to person. they depend on where we live and

which time we live. sometimes the challenges could inside and become common. not only for the people lisk in sweden, not only for the citizens of europe, but for all people in all nations. this is one of those moments. this is our opportunity to help shape the world and change not only our own children's lives, but their chirns and for generations to come. climate change is affecting the conditions of life for all of us in one way or another. some peoples notice that the snowyy winters have now disappeared for others, on small islands, climate change is a question of survival as sea

levels continue to rise. but for many yet, it is not only top of the agenda, poverty is quite enough a challenge to handle. i'm not saying this to diminish the need for action. i'm saying it because even if this crisis indeed affects us all, some are not yet experiencing the gravity of the situation. others have more immediate threats such as hunger to fight. but one thing is sure. for every day that goes by without us taking action, the consequences will be more severe for all of us. two years ago on the eastbound of the high level event on climate change, i informed the secretary general of my government's intention to establish an international

commission on climate change and development. the members of the commission were asked to answer this question, how should adaptation action be signed and supported? what is needed to build the resilience of the most vulnerable? in may, the commission presented its recommendations here in the united nationses indicating a path that represents a new vision of sustainable development. the commission proposes a high level task force to help us formulate a new vision for development with regard to public policy and global governance and i welcome this. it is a fact that the developing countries need to take action, social and economic systems in these countries are often more vulnerable. developing countries need to adapt to the climate change they

are already experiencing. and we need to help them. the european union took an important step last week. we identified the need for a fast start of international public financing to be used for capacity building and tech any equal assistance. the e.u. also estimates that some five to seven billion euro of assistance a year is likely to be needed in the coming two years. an estimate that needs to be adjusted over time. you know, while we are sitting in international conference rooms and halls like this one discussing how to adopt and adapt financing, climate change, sea levels are rising. this is the reason why we are

meeting here today. this is the reason why we are meeting in copenhagen. it's about the climate, our climate. i said earlier, for me politics begins in the challenges of every individual and right now, individuals around the globe in this country, in my country of sweden and small island nations and in developing countries are challenged by climate change. ladies and gentlemen, at the meeting of the leaders of g-8 and major economies forum in italy, there was an agreement set by the united nations. this was an important step. but all countries must now step up and realize what is needed to keep to that limit, that global greenhouse gas emissions must peak no later than 2020 and be

reduced by at least 50% by 2050. and that they must continue to decline thereafter. so developed countries need to reduce their emissions by 25% to 40% by 2020 compared to 1990. developing countries by 15% or 30% compared to business as usual. in order for this to happen, we need to see increased commitment, concrete mid-term targets by developed as well as developing countries. the e.u. has pledge todd make it 30% reduction -- pledged to make it 30% reduction. that is more than anyone else that anyone has put on the table so far. [applause] >> the international climate

negotiations are at a critical juncture. i recognize that an ambitious climate policy has significant costs. but it will result in some sacrifices. but the cost of inaction will be far worse. and for some, it will be catastrophic. ladies and gentlemen, we are only 76 days from the copenhagen meeting, but the negotiations are going far too slow and lacking real progress. we are close to a deadlock. as leaders, we now have a job to do. our job is to break the deadlock, climb up from the trenches and give clear political guideance to the -- guidance to the process. now is time to rise to the challenge. now is one of those moments when our responsibilities must be extended beyond election cycles,

above the every day planning and budgeting, because frankly, there is no other option other than a successful outcome. it is long overdue. the welfare of our children and their children have become our concrete responsibility. let us now rise to that challenge. thank you very much. [applause] >> i think the prime minister of sweden for his very encouraging and very concrete commitment. i now invite president of costa ricka to speak from the perspective of medium income states on addressing the adverse of climate change within the

context of their overall development efforts. mr. president. [applause] >> my friends, i believe that the privileges speaking at this summit was granted, not to me as an individual, but rather in my humble capacity to speak on behalf of middle-income countries which deserve an audible voice in this gathering on the brink of a precipice of our planet. we are all here in representing hundreds of millions of human beings, while silent, while

together make up a species of survival. this species asks us to exhibit courage. the basic courage to choose life above any disagreement. i have not come here to identify which parties are guilty. first of all, because i am aware that we all inherent the errors committed by our predecessors. second, because i believe that if we are going to build together a destiny for humanity that is possible, it is necessary for us to abandon the shameful practice of evading responsibility through the use of excuses and ack cue sayingses. -- accusations. however, i hope that those nations, which have contributed

most to our current state of affairs and which have benefited most from our sustainable development will today have the ability to be willing to change course and offer a hand in solidarityy. the dilemma we face is brutally simple. developed countries can do a great deal to reduce their carbon emissions, but it will not be enough. for our countries can do something, but it will not be significant. and middle-income countries can do plenty, but without clean and inexpensive energy, they will adversely affect the rhythm of their economies' growth. this global political stalemate has forced us to a cliff edge. we need to do more. and above all, we need to do it

faster. we don't have 20, 40 or 60 years to make a radical change. we have, at the very most, eight years. in those eight years, we must find a way of bringing the price of renewable energy to acceptable levels for developing countries. we must substantially improve the efficiency of our current energy consumption. we must preserve the forests that are being destroyed. declare protected areas, compensate the owners of private forests and scale up mechanisms such as the program for reducing carbon emissions from deforestation and degradation of forests.

the united nations' initiative. we must design multiple means to transfer information and technology ensuring that a successful experience in one corner of the world become the categorical imperative in another. we must build creative and robust alliances between public and private sectors. allowing us to transform environmental protection into an asset and not an expense for our businesses. something that my country costa rica has effectively achieved. we must invest in the adaptation to climate change, particularly in developing countries which, because of their geographic exposure, low income, their great dependence on agriculture

and weak infrastructure, see for more as a consequence of droughts, hurricanes and floods that have worsened in recent years. finally and this is crucial, we must significantly increase international cooperation. last year, the member countries devoted over $120 billion to international development aid. less than half of what they are required to provide under international agreements. that aid, furthermore, has been erratic and lacking in priorities and strategic thinking. we must together forge an international platform against global warming upon which we can

transfer aid, information and technology quickly from one country to another. and while all of this work may be difficult, we must do it immediately. the good news is that saving the planet is less expensive than getting rid of it. once more, solving the problem of global warming and preserving life would cost only a fraction of what we spend each year on the business of death. with a small fraction of the $13 trillion we will assign as a minimum to military spending in the next 10 years, we could cover the entire cost of stabilizing greenhouse gas

emissions in the world. the most cynical of generals could say that the demented arms race builds a reserve for future emergencies. today, i say to you that the emergency has arrived. the world has in its military spending a savings account that must be used to save our species from a very real enemy. and the world can do this without renouncing the security of its armies, a need i understand, but do not share. it is a matter of correcting excesses on one side and addressing needs on the other, for we will have little use for nuclear submarines when the ocean becomes a burning

cesspool, little use for helicopters when the sky is a black cloud and little use for missiles that set their sights on cockroaches in a barren desert. today, we are called upon to change completely. we must rethink the way we live and the way we develop our countries. and like the conquistador, free ourselves from the ships that brought us to this point for little time remains until copenhagen. no leader should seek refuge. the difficulties that we face are already monumental. what remains to be seen is whether we will have the courage, the fundamental courage to choose life and break away

from the confines of this impending future and start anew. thank you. [applause] >> ti think the president of costa rica for his very important statement. ladies and gentlemen. i invite president of france to speak from the perspective of large market economist in demonstrating global leadership on climate change. mr. president, you have the floor, sir. [applause]

>> ladies and gentlemen, heads of state and governments, today, we have only 87 days left to succeed or to fail. through the conclusions unanimous conclusions of scientists, we know that global warming is already a reality. no one can contest this reality or deny it. we know that we must limit it to two degrees and that if we're not successful in doing so, we

will face total disaster. there can be no further debate on this. we have beyond our differences rather, the generation can take action. and for the very first time, we must decide not for our countries, for our regions, not even for our continents, but for the first time, we need to decide for our entire planet. we have before us the choice of catastrophe or a solution. we decide for our entire planet. and what we will not decide is

who will and won't follow us. those who don't, won't be in a position at a later stage. very rarely has a choice been as crucial for the future of mankind. secretary general, let us look at where we stand. today, we are on the path to failure if we continue to act as we have thus far. .

enable us to succeed are. reducing global emissions by 50% by 2050. the not a 50% reduction that is needed, it is a reduction of at least 80% by 2050 for some states. for emerging countries there is a need to reduce their emissions growth with the technological and financial assistance of developed countries and i will return to this point. finally, in one way or another,

we will have to pay the costs which are to be borne by the most vulnerable of states, those of africa and small island states. there is no other choice, there is no other solution. what we lack today, two things. what we lack today is resolve and confidence. so a great many leaders fear that we will ask them to choose between growth and the protection of the environment and it's easy to understand that. faced as they are with poverty and unemployment, but this choice is one which no one needs to make and in europe we are demonstrating that one can move from growth marked by high

carbon footprints to sustainable growth. we have shown this in europe with the energy climate pack and we have shown it in france, with the setting up of environment tax. no one will have to choose between unemployment and the environment, between a clean environment and the protection of our planet. there is so little good news but i do want to pay tribute to the leadership of the new japanese government, a government which has taken very strong commitments and the commitments undertaken by china. but now we must go a lot further. and i propose that we set up an effective mechanism to finance those required financing and

conduct transfers of technology. if we fail to do this, emerging countries will not join us, but they have to join our ranks, join the ranks because they, too, are accountable for the future of our planet. mexico has made a proposal for a universal contribution. france supports it. the european commission has assessed the financing needs, financing needs which we could cover to be $100 billion annually between now and 2010, to assist -- 2020, to adapting to the new sustainable growth concept and we are ready to do this. and i turn to developing countries and state that the financial transfers and

transfers of technical knowledge are once which remember ready to engage in. stand side by side with us in protecting our planet. it behooves me to be candid. in france and in europe we tax polluting enterprises. no country, no country can stand on the sidelines and fail to make these efforts, either we all move forward together, and we will assist you, we will assist you in financing and by transferring technology, or we stand still and in this case we will be forced to set up a carbon tax covering europe. faced with the severity of the situation we simply cannot accept the situation where part of the world protects the planet, whereas others say that we simply don't care. this is not commence rat with

the -- commensurate with the states. we cannot say that for now we don't want to do anything. we all have to work towards this and we, the develops states, will help you. we'll help you financially and we'll help you in terms of technology and i can tell that you france will make proposals, side by side, with brazil and the countries of the congo basin on the issue of forests. 20% of emissions are the result of the destruction of forests and we have to assist those countries which have the largest global forests. there are pools of oxygen for our planet and we have to -- they are pools of ock general for our planet and -- oxygen for our planet. i'm thinking here of the amazon river basin, the congo river basin, the forest of siberia. they are the heritage of

mankind. and i cherish the hope that we take, especially the initiative for africa because only 17% of africa -- africans have access to primary energy. one cannot leave africa in such a situation. and we developed states will have to pay and transfer the necessary technology. you, emerging states, will have to commit to reducing your emissions without this impeding your growth. and ask to -- as for poor states, they must lie at the very heart of the copenhagen strategy, but all of us will benefit from this new type of growth. secretary general, i will conclude by making two proposals, the first is that we

should finally decide to create a single world environment organization. it's not sufficient to have copenhagen be a crowning success. we need to know who will manage the outcomes or the consequences of the of the decisions taken in copenhagen. there are close to 60 different organizations dealing with all these questions. let us simply create a single world environmental organization, let us decide on the very principle of the creation of such an organization and let's do it at copenhagen. and secondly, i propose that the heads of state of the main economies which represent nothing less than 80% of current greenhouse gas emissions should meet mid

november between your meeting, secretary general, and copenhagen, to transcend the role playing, the empty speeches, the petty diplomatic games and to table concrete proposals. you've understand it, ladies and gentlemen, you've understood this. france's absolute conviction is that time is not our ally here. time will stand as our judge. we're living on borrowed time so let us take up our responsibilities not in empty speeches but in facts, in actions. france and europe are resolved to do just this and i thank you.

>> i'd like to in the most heartfeltway thank his slepssy, the president of france, for his address and significant proposals. we have just two more brief speeches. i now give the floor to the purpose of the nobel peace prize, representative of society. she's noun for her tree planting and environmental efforts with vulnerable communities.

>> your excellencesies, heads of state and government, the secretary general of the united nations, mr. ban ki-moon, excellencies, millions of people across the world have made a global wakeup call. on climate change. calling on you, your excellences, to provide leadership, to act together, to act now and to act differently. i'm deeply humbled by the privilege to represent the them -- them. whether they come as the fires in california, devastating floods in bangladesh and west

africa, or melting polar ice, the negative impact of climate change is already here with us. scientific evidence shows that future consequences will have even greater force, frequency and unpredictability. in kenya 10 million people are starving as we speak. their children are hungry, their fields are par muched and their cattle are dying. why? because besides decades of environmental neglect and mismanagement that many community very vulnerable, now we have climate change. nobody can claim that they did not know.

unlike delegations and negotiators, your excellencies have the power to turn this around in copenhagen. there is no time to lose. this is the challenge of all time. addressing it will take collective political will. that is why we need an institutional mechanism and equity governance structures to shuttle these forces efficiently and ensure transparency and accountability. no part of the world is immune. we are all in this together. irrespective of our level of contribution to the problem. business as usual for anyone --

for any one country would be a tragedy. in the massive global wakeup call by citizens, they are calling you and i'm not sure that all the calls are being answered. but i do believe that citizens should be listened to. as an ambassador of the congo forest, i know that reducing the -- deforestation and forest degradation worldwide is a vital piece of the puzzle. we can all reduce, we can all reuse and recycle, a concept that is in japan which emphasizes the sense of gratitude, the sense of respect and the sense of avoiding

wasteage. your excellencies, it's only 10 weeks before copenhagen. we the people of the world, the people you lead, are here to encourage you, to support you, so that you can secure a fair, ambitious and abiding deal. we are here first and foremost as inhabitants of this planet. before being leaders you are someone's mother, someone's father, sister or brother. we appeal to you as you are the people you lead to go to copenhagen and for the almost seven billion people on this

planet, please seal a fair deal. thank you very much. >> i thank the professor who spoke as a representative of civil society. i now give the floor to our last speaker, a representative of the future generation, at the age of 13 from india. she was at the largest global youth gathering this summer on climb changes. -- climate change.

>> respected u.n. secretary general, mr. ban ki-moon, dignitaries and assembly, i'm 13 years younger right now from organization, meaning friends of peace and n.g.o., with 1,600 high schools involved in promoting interenvironmental awareness. i feel privileged to represent children in youth, the three billion of the world population in the summit. i'm so much concerned about climate change because i don't want our future generations to question us just as i'm questioning the need for more concrete action on climate change today. the polar bears are dying, two of every five people don't have access to clean drinking water. we are losing the untapped information and potential of plant species.

pacific water level has risen. is this what we're going to give to our few youture generations? please, no. we received a clean and a healthy planet from our ancestors and we are gifting a damage a -- danielaged one to our successors. what sort of justice is this? your excellencies, we need to call for an action now. we have to protect the earth. not just for us, but for our future generations. if not here, then where? if not now, then when? if not us, then who? please, listen to our wisest, the future needs a strong leadership. one month ago we had an international children and youth conference in south korea, 800 participants and thousands online requesting

leaders to -- [inaudible] fair, just and action-oriented agreement, adopted and implemented by all countries. do not just formulate the policies. but also enforce them by translating them into actions. please, stop the people who are making the mother earth cry. why do you -- forests. include carbon and ecological food print information in the products. adopt to a green economy and sustainable production. delve up a national climate facility to monitor the climate response strategies. the society and the bank are of no use if we don't have a compatible biosphere to live in. it's not just about solving an

interenvironmental problem but it's completely about changing the mindset and educate of the people. please, educate the students about climate change by making environmental education mandatory at all levels of learning. to get a sustainable earth, we don't need to stop -- [inaudible] the need is the quest and expansion of ecofriendly technologies to common man, like energy-efficient compasses, biofuels and energy sources. i just want to ask all the excellencies two questions. do environmental problems -- [inaudible] and age groups? my answer is certainly no. this is why we have the u.n. to talk to each other. so, please, include the wisest of youth and children in all

your decisions before you finally act. if national security, beasts and economy are priorities, then why not climate change? i'm sure u.n. negotiations at copenhagen this year will end up for the good of humanity. and they have to. i know that you all are great leaders, but overall, we all are human beings. we do have a kind heart. whatever happened in the past is over. now we just have present, so let's act in present to secure our future. we have one mother earth. care it and share it. honorable leaders, when you all make the policies sitting in the air conditioned rooms, please, think of a child suffering in the greenhouse heat. please, think of those species craving to survive.

gandhi said, earth is enough to satisfy everyone's need but no one's' greed. a bird can fly in the air, a fish can swim in water, a leppered can run far faster, but we, the humans, have been supernaturally gifted with the mind. a capability to think, to change, to reform. so come on, everyone, let us all use this capabilities to save our world, our home. our mother earth. thank you. >> i thank her for her very moving appeal, statement, as the youth representative.

heads of state and government, excellencies, ladies and gentlemen, allow me to thank all of you and our distinguished speakers at this morning. your contributions to this summit have enabled us to see the issue of climate change in a broader perspective. one that transcends generations and national borders. you have conveyed the immense graphicity of the climate change and the need to take action. you have also endured us with a sense of hope, hope that as our climate changes, so, too, can we. excellencies, the ice -- eyes of the world are on you today. you have an opportunity to -- [inaudible] and forge a new path toward a safer, more -- [inaudible] climate change is a test of global leadership for the 21st century. in europe, round table sessions

today, i urge each of you to rise to this challenge by taking major standard engender trust and incorporation of countries. specifically we need more creative thinking on the five issues detailed in the summit background paper. at the end of our summit, i expect you'll be better equipped to provide clear political guidance and support to our negotiators on those key issues. round table discussions will take place immediately after this as well as this afternoon. they will all focus on a common theme, how we can fundamentally transform our economies to enable sustainable, low emissions growth and development while assisting communities to adapt to climate change. excellencies, i wish you a most productive round table session

and i look forward to receiving your conclusion during the course of the day. these conclusions, along with the statements made on prerecorded video messages, this morning will form the basis of the summary that i prepared for this evening. thank you very much. the meeting is adjourned. [captions copyright national cable satellite corp 2009] [captioning performed by national captioning institute] >> members of the senate finance committee have been meeting on pell care legislation. they've been asking questions about the different parts of the bill today. the committee is in recess right now, expected back at 6:45 eastern. our live coverage on c-span 3 and at c-span.org. the house is coming in for a few votes on measures debated

earlier. 15 bills on the calendar today. including one extending unemployment benefits for the hardest hit states. also possible later this week, work on providing temporary funding for the federal government. our live coverage in a few minutes at 6:30 eastern time here on c-span. while we wait for the house, your phone calls on local politics from earlier today on washington jurmd. has said since then that he will. here is the article in the paper from yesterday. we will take the first call from tampa, fla., john? john? caller: good morning.

i don't think the damage to be involved in that. they have bigger issues. the country has major bondprobl. i believe the democratic party and the republican party are both squabbling summit with the tether that they don't really care about the american people any more. -- with each other that they don't care about the american people. here's a piece that says the aggressive push from the white house seeks a state contest. the overt involvement of mr. obama's scheme in new york to eased governor david paterson out of the race has made clear that this is a white house willing to use its clout to help clear the field for favor democratic candidates.

will go to the next call from victor in mississippi. caller: hi. you took me by surprise there. my comment is this, thisno on government getting involved in politics. -- definitely no and getting involved. the republicans made their point. dear bob, what he wants. -- give obama what he wants. if he messes up he will be out

of the job in 2012. host: san diego, calif., on the line for democrats. caller: hello. no, i don't think the white-be involved in politics -- the white house should be involved in politics. [unintelligible] his numbers are so low in the polls. it is ok has been head of the democratic party. i'm originally from mississippi.

these people at town hall meetings -- racism and what not, racism is very harsh. i used to be a real racist and i changed myself. all people need to look themselves and make a decision and learn to respect and treat people with dignity. host: on the independent line we have michael from new york city. caller: yes, great show. i'm a professor of business in the graduate school and i was listening to donald trump on the larry king show. >> we're leaving this recorded program from earlier today to go live to the u.s. house. members are coming in for a few

votes including one extending benefits for states with high unemployment. live coverage on c-span. the clerk: resolution providing for consideration of the bill h.r. 324 to establish the santa cruz valley national heritage area and for other purposes. the speaker pro tempore: referred to the house calendar and ordered printed. pursuant to clause 8 of rule 20, proceedings will resume on motions to suspend the rules previously postponed. votes will be taken in the following order. house resolution 441 by the yeas and nays. h.r. 2971 by the yeas and nays. h.r. 3548 by the yeas and nice. -- nays. proceedings on h.r. 2215 and house concurrent resolution 163 will resume later in the week. the first electronic vote will be conducted as a 15-minute vote. the remaining electronic votes will be conducted as five-minute votes. the unfinished business is the vote on the motion of the

gentleman from massachusetts, mr. lynch to suspend the rules and agree to h.res. 441 as amended, on which the yeas and nays were ordered. the clerk will report the title of the resolution. the clerk: house resolution 441, honoring the historic call crikeses -- contributions of catholic sisters in the united states. the speaker pro tempore: the question is, will the house suspend the rules and agree to the resolution ahen amended? members will record their votes by electronic device. this is a 15-minute vote. [captioning made possible by the national captioning institute, inc., in cooperation with the united states house of representatives. any use of the closed-captioned coverage of the house proceedings for political or commercial purposes is expressly prohibited by the u.s. house of representatives.]

the speaker pro tempore: on this vote the yeas are --

the speaker pro tempore: on this vote the yeas are 412, the nays are zero. the resolution is passed.

so, 2/3 of those voting having responded in the affirmative, the rules are suspended, the resolution is agreed to and without objection the motion to reconsider is laid upon the table. the unfinished business is the vote on the motion of the gentleman from massachusetts, mr. lynch, to suspend the rules and pass h.r. 2971 on which the yeas and nays are ordered. the clerk will report the title of the bill. the clerk: h.r. 2971, a bill to designate the facility of the united states postal service located at 630 northeast killingsworth avenue in portland, avenue, as the dr. martin luther king jr. post office. the speaker pro tempore: the question is, will the house suspend the rules and pass the bill. members will record their votes by electronic device. five-minute vote. [captioning made possible by the national captioning institute, inc., in cooperation with the united states house of representatives. any use of the closed-captioned coverage of the house proceedings for political or

commercial purposes is expressly prohibited by the u.s. house of representatives.]