>> welcome to "global 3000." this week marks international women's day. of march has been a day of solidarity for women around the world. today, we focus on their role in society. here is what is coming up. outnumbered -- how preferences for having a son effect of global gender balance. reporting on the future -- a new generation of female journalists

in india. lighting up the night -- homemade energy. some statistics suggest that might become the century of women leadership. in most european countries, more than half of university graduates are female, yet in germany, for instance, at management level, women only make a 10% of the workforce. is it the old boys' network, are women tied to family commitments, or do we not aimed far enough? we have decided to explore answers. >> suppose a bit, then build and plant, while women excel at communication and raise children. >> even in evolutionary terms, we went fishing and hunting. we have to be silent until the game arrived. women sat by the fire, chatting

and gossiping. the problem is still with us today. >> despite efforts at equality, men and women go their separate ways professionally. the course is set early on. these boys give a note to play with girls. they say girls are silly. half of all men and one third of all women working a profession where their own gender predominates. >> being a tyrant is clearly a man's job. these men can not -- women cannot imagine working with machines. >> i think women, across better in planes. when a man walks through, it looks like he never made himself -- anything of himself. >> sometimes boys think they are

better, but they are not. sometimes, they are too boyish. >> they also want to be beautiful, in boys want to be cool. >> the exceptions are rare. >> real men should use make. why should women use -- look better? >> stereotypes are only part of the problem. half of all women working just 10 professions. it is true. although the our professions where they have little chance of advancement and have usually low wages. only 10.3% of hairdressers are men. 8.7% of nurses, and only 7.2% of pre-school teachers. as incredible as it seems, the numbers have scarcely changed in the last 40 years despite the fact that in education

especially it is important for children to have male and female role models, and who knows? perhaps having more men in traditionally female professions would have a positive effect on salaries as well. >> every year, a significant number of females fall victim to gender discrimination before they are even born. in some cases, daughters are a financial liability. decades of sex-selective abortions are beginning to throw society's off balance. while the proportion of births was not a -- relatively even 10 years ago, the global average. in parts of china and india, the discrepancy is much higher. the latest u.n. studies one of the effect. if women were a precious metal, their value would rise with

scarcity, but it seems to take more to change these nine sets. >> an orphanage in northern india. nearly all of the babies place here are girls. these are the lucky ones. they are alive. over the past 20 years about 10 million female fetuses have been aborted. >> culturally, it is not positive, but actually, it is biologically, in terms of the echoes system, it should not be encouraged because it stops the parity. >> an old tradition has proved to be disastrous for indiana bros. pour families can seldom pay the dowries demanded when they get married men -- married at

men, society less than they count as breadwinners. >> everyone wants a son. you hear that everywhere. my prosperity depends on having a son. >> it is okay to have two you have to consider abortion. >> in some regions there are just 100 girls for every 120 boys. there is often a serious imbalance in cities as well. middle-class families want fewer children, so this a lot the sex before birth. >> there must be a recognition that this is happening, and you might -- must put in place a policy environment that ensures we can have this conversation. society can't talk about it in small groups. that is how the change comes to society.

since 1994, sex-selective abortions have been banned, but in reality, a ultrasound technology is raising the abortion rate. in china, wrong incentives, among them the one-child policy, have increased the surplus. if their first child is a girl, families are allowed to have another, but often nothing is left to chance with the second because in china men continue the family line. every year over 1 million men failed to find wives. they try their luck on contact forums. in rural areas, trafficking and women is ubiquitous, and in some southern provinces women are smuggled in from vietnam. >> now, with sensitivities, all

of that is beginning to disappear because once a girl can go to school, she can communicate with her family. >> there are positive examples. south korea has succeeded in changing the image of women through education. the surplus of men there has been shrinking since the mid- 1990's, but even then, south korea was better off economically. india and china cannot afford to wait longer. without mothers, the patriarchy will not be able to produce the next generation. >> while rethinking traditional values as hard work for both sides, a group of indian women are proof you have to take freedom rather than wait. in a state where 60% of women

are illiterate we visited reporters setting out to expose the poor conditions they grew up in. we report on the day-to-day problems of those that suffer far from the public eye. >> concentrating on the scene, she adjusts her camera. last time, there was trouble because her pictures were fuzzy. she takes her time, focusing in checking the sound. -- and checking the sound. benitez is always nervous before doing stand-ups. a few corrections, and she is ready to go. i am standing in the village. today, the television team is focusing on this village and its problems. we want our reports to make people aware of the concerns and

the needs of this rural community. the crew members divide the labor among themselves. the reporter takes the villagers aside. she speaks the local dialect, so she gains their trust and they tell her about their problems. she is responsible for shooting the footage. she knows just what these dwellings look like inside. with the her -- with her hand- held camera, she films the women as they work. hertz equipment is not just basic, it is also old, so she checks the tape immediately just in case she has to shoot anything again. i really want this -- >> i really want this film to turned out well because i come from a village like this one. it is like a trick in the past. we were poor, too, but my father

sent me to school. i learned to read and write. >> the batteries in the camera are running low, but she cannot recharge them. there is no electricity. that is the whole problem here. the power grid runs past this village. they were never connected. the authorities left the villagers behind. that is why she still cloaks over an open fire. -- cooks over an open fire. many of these simple huts have burned down. just a few weeks ago, when of the neighbors died in a fire. -- one of the neighbors died in a fire. they were tired of pleading with the authorities and turned to television. they are trying to present the proper light. she has to explain what the problem is and has to look into

the camera. she will not love, but she explains the villagers problems. -- looks, but she explains the villagers problems. >> we are poor people. we have no dreams. only rich people can afford dreams. if we had electricity, cooking would be easier, and we would not have to sit and eat in the dark anymore. >> a cluster of onlookers surrounds the crew at every take. the work is being washed -- watched attentively as she never leaves her side. >> i am seen this for the first time today. it is fun to watch. i would like to try it sometime. >> the day the editorial conference takes place, and a dream has come true. she has been given a trial internship.

>> that is how i started, too. i stood next to the women in our village. then, they put me on the back of a bicycle and took me with them. i went on a few chutes and applied for an internship. as you can see, i got one. >> but it can be hard going for this 18-year-old. the senior producer is not pleased with her pictures. she says they are shaky and blurred, and the sound as bad as well. she says the young camerawoman has talent, but does not have a compulsion needed for some situations and has a lot to learn. she is the heart and soul of the tv. sometimes she can be tough, but she believes in the young girls. an experienced journalist, she gave up a well-paying job at a

private television station to do this. >> i remember very well how the first film's look. they were not watchable. now, reports are better and most of the pictures are good. more than anything we get close to people. they trust us. we can do something to improve their lives. >> three days after the broadcast, the entire villages excited. suddenly, employees from the energy authority have come by, bringing fuse boxes, cables, and electrical outlets. the villagers are astonished that it has happened so quickly. he is holding his adapter said. from now on, the family will not have to eat in the dark. not only is their electricity, there is open air television. the whole village has come to see the report. it is the first time most of the

villagers have never watched television. -- ever watched television. the crew is relaxed. they have done well. the shaky pictures have turned into an excellent film, and they are proud to have made the world better with their little television station. >> making the world a better place -- that is also the aim in costa rica of someone who tells us what he thinks of the world we live in an hour global question here. >> i am from cluster rica. -- coaster rica. -- costa rica.

♪ >> i am 37. ♪ >> i worked as a manager at a nature reserve and earn the equivalent of about 1000 euros. ♪ >> is happening. it is something we cannot stop. countries like ours are not well prepared. that puts us said a disadvantage when competing with other countries. -- us at a disadvantage when competing with other countries. ♪ >> climate change worries me. the rise in temperature -- in the future, and many species will be threatened with extinction. ♪ >> i am happy we have time to

enjoy nature, to go for a walk- in the forest in be in a beautiful, natural surroundings. ♪ >> i love see followed. that is what i like to read the most -- seafood. that is what i like to eat the most. ♪ >> i would like to go somewhere in africa because of the fauna. the fauna of the savannas must be amazing. i would love to go there. ♪ i want to continue working to preserve the environment so future generations like my daughter's could get to know the species there.

>> flipping on a flights which is something most of us take for granted, but large parts of the world, especially in africa, are off of the power grid pad it is -- grade. a group was sick of the weight. their innovation could how many households escape the darkness and the risk of using open fire as a source of light. >> when the sun goes down in africa, it gets dark with in minutes. here, in rwanda, there is no electricity. a kerosene lamp is the only way to define the darkness. 12-year-old rebecca does her homework in the pale light.

a tragic accident when she was tiny starter for life. her mother will never forget that moment of inattention. >> in attention. [speaking german] >> in addition to causing accidents like this, kerosene accounts for nearly 150 million tons of fossil emissions annually. it damages the climate. a team is working on an alternative. after all, the mobile phone industry has already shown that

technological innovation can thrive in remote regions. the driving force behind the project knows there is a major obstacle. not have access. in 2011, it was 10%. 6% added to the grid over the last 40 years. it is not a fantastic record. we are trying to accomplish this solution that will address the problem immediately. >> the bright led's the first step. they generate carbon credits. ♪ >> they are testing the new lights in a pilot project. they hire local entrepreneurs who know their customers very well.

demand was enormous, but there was the issue of how to recharge the batteries. at first, they were experienced -- experimenting with solar technology, but they recognized it was too short-sided. >> although there is a common perception the sun is always shining in africa, there are many months where the sun is not shining. solar is not the most reliable technology. so, we looked at solar initially when we were doing product development, and we decided that there was another untacked energy source in africa, which has been used for centuries, and that is human power. >> entrepreneurs become energy providers, with muscle power feeding a generator. 20 minutes of peddling can recharge five batteries, costing 10 cents a light, one fraction

of the price of kerosene. what could be more efficient? ♪ >> he earns money both by recharging batteries and by selling the lights, and he has plenty of customers. >> my business keeps growing and growing. last year i sold 175. this year, i think i can almost double that to 300. >> the lights are not just brightening up everyday life in rural rwanda. they are also hoping to tap economic potential. daniel is one of many fishermen in the wetlands along the river and is using silk as bait to catch nocturnal catfish. the date is prepared during the last minutes of daylight and then set out.

as soon as it has gotten darken the debate needs to be taken in again. orientation is difficult. so, many of the fisherman here have now bought the new lights. it makes their work much easier. reeling in the nets and laying out the bait used to be much higher with kerosene and flashlights. >> in a few hours, one doesn't catfish are caught. profit margins are tight, so the knife needs to be used efficiently. it is only been since they have the light the catch has become

profitable. now, the fisherman can finally put a little money aside. >> these led's have really changed my life. i used to use an electric torch and head to spend a lot of money on batteries. almost nothing was left for me. you have to understand was penniless. i come from the street. now that i can cover my costs, i have been able to buy my house for one-quarter of 1 million francs, and i can even get married. >> making use of editorial nights far from the power grid has become easier and safer. rebecca has been scarred by kerosene, but is looking optimistically to the future. at least the darkness will no longer keep her from studying. >> that is almost all for this

edition of "global 3000." next week, we will face the lions. here, we will discover how lions in the north of the country are competing with the local population for food. local farmers sometimes protect their herds with traps that named the alliance. they are trying to diffuse the tension in another way. an organization has put up 1,000 kilometers of fence designed to ensure a more peaceful coexistence. it will have more on this unusual project in the next edition of "global 3000," so brace yourself for the lions, and did not forget you can also see as i once said. for now, and for -- me and the entire gold team, thank you for watching by. -- global team, thank you for watching. bye-bye.

captioned by the national captioning institute --www.ncicap.org-- captioned by the national captioning institute --www.ncicap.org--