♪ >> hello all, and welcome to "global 3000," your weekly check on stories that effect us all. if we take you from deep in the rainforest to next to the stars. here's what we have coming up for you today. back to the roots, the return to robber harvesting in peru. childhood lost, we visit children that live on a rubbish dumps in the philippines. star gazing, we exports to largest astronomical installation yet and plans for it. we agree that we need to speed up efforts to protect the

rainforest. what many projects ignore is the people that have to make a living there, which often means cutting or burning down trees. the climate initiative is supporting the creation of a protective zone in the amazon region. development experts are offering tools to provide alternatives from the past. the production of , saint lucia is one of them. r saint lucial more than 70% of peru is covered by dense rain forces -- rainforests.

like here, near the capital of lima. it is home to the shankia tribe. lll >> armando del arca hanamani has been harvesting since he was a child, going into the force every day to show young man how it is done. it takes four hours to enough -- for enough to collect before it can be used. for armando del arca hanamani, the rain forest means everything. >> the rain forest is my life.

it is where we get our medicine, our sued. we use the wood for various things, for furniture and our homes. for us, it is like family. it gives us life, water, clean air. r for us, all of that is part of our life. >> there was a rubber boom in peru one century ago, but trade dried up. now, indigenous people have begun to harvested to make latex. it is part of a project meant to help the locals secure income, an alternative to drug problems. half of 1 million hectares of forest has been protected, almost half the size of the

island of cyprus. from here, there is the rubber industry. the development agency, giz supports 13,000 people in the amazon with financial aid and training. >> natural rubber makes sense because there is a market issue in peru. those that use it currently buy it in cyprus and guatemala. -- malaysia and guatemala. they can save on the duties that drive up costs. >> the german exports -- experts are not working in the rain forest. they also want government officials who are thinking about deforestation.

>> in peru, deforestation accounts for 50% of carbon emissions. that is why the international force protection project plays such a key role here. >> back in the tropical forest, some villages are so remote they can only be reached by boat. in the village, there is a traditional welcome by the residents. ♪ >> the people here live off of what they harvest from the forest. and an annual fair, the school children present local fish, and medicinal herbs. this woman explains the

different uses of the plants. the project helps the children become awaretheir environment it the forest means preserving. for every sector of protected area, the villages received 10 so,l around 3 euros, from the government. >> beyond the rubber, the younger people undergoing training will have an income. maybe they will go on to become engineers. we will multiplied the money and invest it to train young people, to bozell, -- agriculture and other things. >> the remaining natural rubber is processed, mixed with water

and tested, and the sap from the trees provides the base for making latex. that helps families earn around 200 euros per month, higher than the average per-capita income in peru. they show was the result, which has provided an alternative and broad money to the region. we believe this initiative to preserve our forests helps our communities to create seed money. that is because the problem in the communities is the poor economic conditions. without seed money it is difficult to start anywhere in the first place. we have the raw material but we cannot harvest it or sell it on the market. >> that is definitely changing as the celebration for the rubber harvest shows.

>> now, we are about to introduce you to a group of children that live in conditions beyond belief with no access to clean drinking water, food, medicine or education, even, and their chances of improving their living condition or the generations to come are near zero. we need -- need evelyn seven -- and her family. these children and their families have a patron saint. father -- father heinz kolüke they say crucial difference which makes a crucial difference in the daily struggle they have to -- makes it crucial difference in the daily struggle they have to indore. >> evelyn does not look happy, but it is a clean start to a day

spent on a rubbish dump. shampoo was found in the mounds of trash here on the island. she explains says she lives here with her family and she likes best because with so many people around she feels safe. evelyn and her siblings are what people call scavenger children. their villages a garbage dump. hots are built on heaps of rubbish. everything they need comes from the garbage. wood for their homes, clothes, rice, meat, salad, and even medicines. evelyn lives in this small shack with her family, her mother, father, and 13 children, all sleeping and playing in one

room. evelyn spends most of her time outside, playing on the rubbish heap. >> i would rather go to school but my parents want me here on the garbage dump. they need me to earn money to buy food. >> what else can we do? we have always been left to fend for ourselves, left out all of all allies, always humiliated. -- of our lives, always humiliated. >> the garbage dump consist of 15 hectares of rubbish to 30 meters high, at the bottom of the food chain, but there are hungry takers likee at -- evelyn and her siblings. copper, aluminum, plastic -- every child knows what they can bring and they scavenge through piles.

>> we even find amputated hands, arms, or legs, regularly, coming from hospital waste. once we found an embryo. >> evelyn says she felt sorry for the small child. she has become used to the syringes and all but is afraid of finding another dead baby. it smells of burnt plastic, chicken blood, or milk, depending on what the trucks deliver. fatherk has the helping -- heinz kolüke has been helping, who says the work is dangerous as people are sometimes killed over an empty coke can. children are often crushed by bulldozers.

the first two years that we weren't we once buried 40 children. i buried 17 in one week. that is how the living conditions are, no clean drinking water. they are catastrophic, leading to high child mortality rates. >> those who survived the good year had a good chance of reaching five. for those that live beyond that, their childhood is over. like evelyn, 3000 children worked on the dump. they are hoping for a better life here. >> many people avoid us. we are second-class citizens. at school, the other children hold their noses. >> a break in the shadow of a garbage truck.

the bulldozers have run out of gasoline. evelyn kills time by looking for lice, but she is only found one today. we visit her friend. the little girl has a rare bone disease she inherited from her mother who can no longer walk and is nearly blind. >> these people have no chance of leaving here if there is no help from the outside. they will stay here forever. the oldest son is 17 years old. he will take over when his mother and father cannot work. >> a lifetime in rubbish. it is humid and hot, 40 degrees celsius. there are scorpions are everywhere. the stings lead to swelling. during rainy season, rats, and attack young scavengers. a child has recently died of

rabies. the bulldozers can move on again. the search goes on. the trash is not separated. for evelyn and others, finding things on the dump that they can sell is difficult. >> for us, even the smallest bit of metal is valuable. i even looked for wire and old nails. >> skin rashes, diarrhea, tuesday, once a week, father heinz kolüke comes. his mission is to save a life in umapad. >> we search for food. my children often have cough and fever.

>> all too often, the children are left to take care of themselves. politicians often buy votes with saks of rice. corruption also prevents effective help from reaching the people at the dump. >> every large fire means that next weekend we will have 15- to-20 new families here, but on the other hand it is the only way to encourage the people not to give up. the problem is man-made and it can be solved by people. i am convinced of that. >> 8 de's halt fits into two plastic bags. they take their earnings to a scrap dealer, getting about 62 basis, 50 cents -- pesos, about 50 cents. she is happy she earned a bit of

money and says it was a good day. once the children found $50,000 amongst the rubbish. it belonged to a money lender. the children celebrated for three days until the man came back for his money, but that was yesterday, and that was a while ago. evelyn and the other children are hoping for a better tomorrow, one that may fulfil a few other dreams, too. >> now, we had to the caribbean, a visiting a family that most of us only know from tourist catalogs. the island is as close to paradise as one can get, let's took -- take a look around their global living room.

♪ >> hello, welcome to my home. my name is jinella fredericks. this is my daughter sherissa. this is where i live, where i spent some of my time. this is an abstract of the ballerina, in reference to my daughter because she does a dance moves, which she tends to

love very much. this is also a working woman represents me. both are done by the same artist. this is a picture of my daughter at the age of eight. everyone who has first communion, this is a catholic community, it is custom that we do first communion. this caribbean country celebrates carnival, and we all have to be dancing in the street. ♪ >> deere people, how're you doing? i love swimming. the loves women, too?

i love to dance ballet, mommy said. >> come in >> that is my friend. he is a handsome prince. >> goodbye. >> good buy. >> now, let's talk astronomical science, and yes, it is complicated. scientists are planning the world's largest astronomical installation, saying the so- called square kilometre array will change the way we see the beginnings of our universe and it will bring african and australian researchers together. the ska will be built in the southern peninsula, the zone where we get the best visual and acoustic view of our own galaxy, and the milky way.

it is our view to looking to the past and find out what our universe looked like a at the big bank. it is expected to boost astro science to the top. at the very least it will bring the long tradition of stargazing to a new level. >> david kruiper takes his children out into the desert when he can. here in the quiet night, the octogenarian has time to pass on to the children and old tales of the bushmen. stories about the creation of the world, the stars and the universe. >> look, once there were no stars.

it was very, very dark. then, in the dark coming to you see what is rising up there? at that time, somebody came up with a flat -- with a plan. now look what happens. look what i do. the sparks rise up and the stars are fixed in the sky. >> the next morning. a semi-arid region in south africa. bushman once lived here. today, giant antennas sweep the skies. south temperate is part of the world's biggest radio astronomy project. the square kilometre array is a global initiative involving more than 20 nations. maik wlleben is a german member of the international scientific team probing the early universe.

>> our idea of the origins of the universe is that space and time began with the big bang some 15 billion years ago, but we will not be able to see what came before the big bank. >> a special camera can help with the search. the square kilometre array is meant to provide insight into the so-called dark ages, a project that will cost 1.5 billion euros, take 10 years to build and be spread out over three nations, not an possible in the age of high-tech global communication. there are no mobile telephones, no radio. the large antennas are too sensitive. the facility has been in operation for six months, but it has already produced images. >> these large dishes can be thought of as pixels in a digital camera, and just like with a digital camera, the more

pixels you have, the better images. we hope to get the best image as possible with a radio telescope. >> all of the data from the karoo converges at the south african headquarters of the project in cape town. 100 scientists and engineers are working on the radio telescope. several things are in the development phase. there is still no computer that can tackle the huge amounts of data of the ska, but the project can change interest perceptions of africa. >> africa has not been proceed either by africans themselves where the outside world as a place where you can do cutting edge science and technology. we have a big program of training students. we've had more than 350 students. many come up over 50, have come from other african countries and

a lot of them have gone back to start teaching astronomy for the first time in their own countries. >> if all goes to plan and the radio telescope is in operation on both continents by 2024, ska will be 50 times more sensitive than current facilities, meant to answer one question. >> the nature means that it is such a sensitive instrument that it could possibly detect radio signals from other intelligent life in the universe. up until now our instruments would have to be directed street and the source of radio waves, but the sensitive nature of the ska means we could be looking at a different area of the universe and still be able to detect the signal, confirming whether it was possibly from an intelligent life form.

>> the high-tech project has catapulted south africa into the top-10 research nation's four cutting-edge astronomy. the south africans are convinced their desert is the right location for the ska and people of their region say it is so quiet at night that you can hear god thinking. >> a a what description, still in want of scientific evidence. that is all we have time for on this edition of "global 3000." if you want to get in touch, please find us at our website. from me, and our entire team, had a good week and bye-bue. -- bye-bye. ♪