>> hello and welcome to global 3000 -- your weekly update on global developments that affect us all. and here's what we have coming up for you today -- culture clash -- we follow a young volunteer on his journey to kenya. two-edged fortunes -- in india sterilisation is the ticket to an unusual lottery. and diamond in the rough -- how brazil has professionalized the search for the next football super star.

how to tackle poverty, global health and climate change -- these are only a few of the big issues many young adults want to work on when they leave school. "weltwärts" is an organization that offers young people the chance to make a difference in various projects around the globe. we've followed one of their volunteers to kenya, where he joins the local organization ecofinder. here nicolas kawerau is in for an experience of a lifetime. he discovers his role in supporting an environment project around lake victoria. we join him on his first day -- a new beginning for both, the young student and the local staff he will support. >> nicolas is anxious about his first day on the job in kenya. the 18-year-old will be working for an environmental

organization over the next year. he arrived in the morning after taking a night bus from nairobi. he didn't get much sleep. >> you are relaxed and fresh now? >> i took a shower in the morning. >> so maybe you can leave your bags in the office and then i will show you around. >> ok, perfect! >> i'm really excited to learn what life is like in a different culture and to see everything from a different perspective. >> it's nicolas' first time in africa. his co-worker caroline shows him around. the organization ecofinder has its office directly on the shores of lake victoria. here, the main diet is fish. >> we'll make sure you'll eat that one before you leave. >> thirty volunteers currently work for ecofinder - most of them local kenyans. but the team almost always includes foreigners, mainly from europe.

>> the volunteers that have come in have come in with very high expectations; because they are fresh from school, they are very idealistic. but when they arrive circumstances force them to at least incorporate some reality. >> nicolas finds that reality is often a hard lesson on the first day. because the climate is heating up, the region now gets more rain that it used to. and that causes flooding. >> i was really very surprised, that it came through the mud here and through these wetland areas. sometimes i was really afraid i was going to fall over or get water in my boots. but luckily i stayed dry crossing over. >> ecofinder volunteers have installed a compost toilet at william otieno's farm. the family paid for the building materials. the rest was financed by

donations to the organization. >> we used to have a pit latrine for a toilet. but it was always flooding over. and when we had visitors i was always ashamed because feces were floating around here. >> the new toilet can withstand the flooding. caroline explains to nicolas, that the feces can be mixed with ashes and later used as fertilizer. but old beliefs make villagers skeptical about the process. >> when someone defecates in your farm that was bad. so if you want to prevent that person from coming back again, you take hot ash and pour it onto the fecal matter. and then that person will start getting sick of diarrhea or something and you prevent himpf. that was the belief. so if you introduce that technology, people were like,

"adding ash into my feces?" >> in spite of old superstitions, ecofinder managed to install 35 compost toilets last year. the next stop for nicolas und caroline is at what's called a biogas digester -- another of ecofinder's projects. villagers say that they used to spend a lot of money on fire wood for cooking and kerosene for lighting. now all they need is cow dung. >> in the evening i got light, i can cook, i can eat -- without paying anything. >> in an underground tank, the cow dung produces methane gas that is fed into the nearby homes. it's a pilot project that will hopefully set a precedent. >> this is safe energy and clean as well. it doesn't actually emit the greenhouse gases that we are trying to stop. so it is a good idea to start,

and when resources allow, we'll replicate to other areas as well. >> at the end of the day, nicolas has a lot to think about. >> i'm really super impressed at how many projects i could see on my first day: the biogas plant, the compost toilets -- and that you really see that it's helping the people. and i hope i'll work well with the others and help move things forward. >> the next morning, nicolas is expected to not just watch, but pitch in as well. ecofinder wants to stem the rapidly growing consumption of fire wood and subsequently reduce co2 emissions in the region. the organization is promoting the use of energy saving stoves.

>> there is a big stone which incites the heat and also reduces the amount of would you need. >> nicolas is happy with his first day on the job. but he also feels a little strange about it. >> if you come here as a white foreigner to show the people something new, then that could give the impression that you think you're better than them. but that's not the way it's supposed to be. instead, you're supposed to be equal with each other so that you can learn from each other. >> his co-worker says foreign volunteers in particular are enormously helpful for ecofinder. >> for these communities, if they see somebody foreign, they

tend to be more attentive to ideas as opposed to just locals. so going around with nicolas when we introduce these things, i think it will be more interesting and many people will now adopt these things that we are promoting. >> a year in africa also means a year away from home. >> theoretically i could, at some point, get very homesick. and that's maybe the thing that would give me the biggest problem, that at some point i could feel really down. >> but nicolas says that right now, at the end of his second day, he feels just fine. so far, he hasn't had time to feel homesick. >> early days in any case. >> when couples in the richer industrialized nations decide to have a child, they can usually rely on state support in the form of parental leave and state childcare. despite these perks, birth

rates tend to go down as nations get richer. countries like china and india have both -- new middle and upper classes who often want more control over family planning, and broad segments of society that, despite economic hardship, increase their social status by having more children. these parallel societies translate into significant population growth in india. over the past decade the country's population has grown by more than 160 million people. that's roughly the number of inhabitants of nigeria, africa's most populous country. india's state services simply cannot keep up with these numbers, so they responded by introducing incentives for women to get sterilized. the region of radjastan has taken this a step further. it has created a lottery -- and women who chose to be sterilized are automatically entered to win prizes. we went to see for ourselves what mixed fortunes this system can bring.

>> and here it is, the grand prize -- a brand new car. the nurses gather around. the building's been decorated, and the doctors are acting like fairy godmothers. because today is the big day -- the hospital lottery. nearly 7,000 tickets fill the box. they're carefully mixing them up before the big draw here at the hospital in pali. but those who want a chance to win, must first lie down on the operating table. like guddi. she's opted to be sterilized, making her eligible for the lottery. the latest medical technology out in the country in rajasthan. birth control in india can be expensive. the doctor is proud of his work. he says if necessary, he can sterilize 10 women an hour.

>> they all do this voluntarily. they make their own decisions. these days they want to control their family planning. and the government is prepared to do everything to make that possible to fulfill their ambition. >> guddi already has three children -- one too many, according to statistics. now she won't get pregnant again. she says it's over, and that she's now relieved. >> india can't ban having children. but the state can reward women who have the surgery with 600 rupies -- about 9 euros -- cash in hand. still in pain, guddi receives the money, and the state of rajasthan gives her a chance to win the car.

guddi lives in a village where there aren't any cars. we visited her a day before the operation. she has two sons and a daughter. the youngest is still an infant. her husband works far away and only comes home twice a year. >> i'm going to do it, have myself sterilized. i'm not going to think about it anymore. and more children? i would never be able to take care of them. >> she also won't have to think about other methods of contraception, like condoms or birth control pills. outside, ratan kanwar is on the go. the midwife works for the state and has been going through the villages for 8 years spreading

her message: get sterilized. she drops in on families with more than two children. >> sometimes they say no, but i don't give up until i've convinced them. i just keep going back. i have to, otherwise more and more children will be born here. >> but the midwife has been so successful that she could soon run out of work. 90 percent of the village women have already been sterilized. that's music to this man's ears. kailash chandra saini is the state's coordinator for population control. he arrived late for our interview because he was up late celebrating a lottery win in his district, which boasts the highest sterilization rate in rajasthan. he proudly shows us last night's photos. in this district alone, they've had 12,564 sterilizations in a year.

each case is documented in detail. the idea of holding a lottery has been their biggest success. >> yes, we're very proud. we've already won a prize three times. that's a hat trick. >> but cars in exchange for sterilization may not always be the best idea. upama ram rolls along in first gear, a little unsure of what he's doing. the farmer now has a car but no driver's license. and he won't get one because he can't read or write. his wife underwent sterilization and won the car. the family is very proud. but what will they do with a car. upama ram can't even afford the fuel. >> i didn't know you could win a car. i was told you could get free cooking fuel. and that's why i sent my wife to

get sterilized. >> the small car seems out of place here. perhaps education and information would be more useful than any grand prize. that may be, but numbers are still being drawn at the hospital. and the next car is going to another small village. motorcycles, cell phones, small kitchen appliances -- there are enough prizes to go around. and everyone gets a prize. even if they don't win a car, a package of ghee -- the clarified butter used in indian cooking -- is guaranteed with every lottery ticket. >> in contrast, european countries are struggling with historically low birth rates. here the states are working on better incentives to convince citizens to have more children. and now we head to south america. in valparaiso we catch up with martin lopez and his answers to our global-3000 questionnaire.

>> my name is martin lopez and i'm 67 years old. i live here in valparaiso. i'm a taxi driver and i earn about 30,000 pesos, about 50 euros, a day. it means understanding current events more quickly and being connected to the world. to be honest, nothing worries me.

i'm in good health and have my job. i'm satisfied. i have no worries. children. simply seeing kids happy. and that makes me happy, too. i like all the food in my country. it's all delicious. for the future i want to maintain my health and be in the same good shape that i'm in now. right now i'd like to travel through argentina.

>> from argentina we head to brazil. both are peaceful neighbors, but when their national football teams play each other -- winning or losing is a question of national pride. >> in brazil virtually every young boy wants to be the next ronaldo. and everyone knows that dreams can come true on the football pitch. this incredible reservoir of motivation and potential has been turning brazil into a hunting ground for new talent. clubs around the world come here searching for the next superstar. since the 1990s, developing new players has become a giant industry. and the boys have become a precious commodity. we visit one of them.

yan soares de oliveira knows very well that his dream of becoming a professional footballer has many strings attached. >> yan is a 16-year-old center forward. his big dream is to go to europe. >> i'd love to play for a first division club, preferably in the champions league. >> when it comes to soccer, brazil is the raw materials capital of the world. no country exports more professional players, around a thousand a year. most of them come from poor areas. from favela soccer to big business. we meet up with yan after morning practice. he says he was discovered when he was 11 and has had a

permanent contract for three years. he earns nearly 700 euros a month, almost as much as his father, who's a painter. he lives, trains and studies at an academy run by his club, desportivo brasil, near sao paulo. the club was founded solely to discover and train young players -- and then sell them. >> in the end we're just a commodity. but if i'm a commodity, then i want to be the best commodity there is, so that buyers will pay the highest price. >> we've already sent players directly to europe as soon as they turned 18. or we loan out players on a five-year contract. we have different types of agreements with big, medium- sized and small clubs.

>> it's a soccer player factory. 90 teenagers jammed into rooms with bunk beds. seven practice fields. physiotherapy, and english lessons. here young players are prepped for life as professionals. and more important, for their first major deal. and the deals are made in sao paulo. the brazilian company traffic sports owns yan's club and is one of the leaders in the marketing of rights and player contracts in brazil. german jochen lösch runs the international business. he says yan could bring in 750,000 euros transfer money with his first contract alone. and in brazil, there are many just like yan. >> there's a lot of talent here, because boys don't want to be anything but professional players. soccer is the most important thing for them but playing conditions aren't always the

best. i mean, these boys are playing with balls made of old rags on dirt pitches with 500 holes and so they learn the appropriate techniques but also how to overcome despite the odds. >> we travel to meet someone who started the same way. we visit giovane elber on his cattle ranch in far-western brazil. his father was a doorman, his mother a domestic worker. elber says that as a child he played soccer in the streets every day, often barefoot. then everything moved quickly. at age 18 he was sold by a third division brazilian soccer club to ac milan. then on to zurich, stuttgart, bayern munich, the bundesliga's top goal scorer. a european dream career in fast motion.

>> this is a fast business. at 17 or 18 you can already earn good money by brazilian standards. and if you're good, and you're lucky, you can even become a millionaire. i think that only in soccer can that happen in such a short time. there's no other profession where you can earn money so quickly as you can in soccer. >> he invested well and lifted his entire family out of poverty. today giovane elber owns 45 hundred head of cattle and enough land to cover 12,000 soccer pitches. elber worked for two years scouting talent in brazil for bayern munich. not all young players can cope with the pressures of life abroad, the money and the fame. >> i've always said the life of a professional soccer player is like living in disney world. it's just a dream.

suddenly, you have a fast car, a lot of money, beautiful women if you want them. you have everything and think what more could i want? thank god i had good friends and got good advice. >> yan has already resolved to keep his feet on the ground and trust the right people during his career. fifa repeatedly warns about black sheep in the business who take advantage of young players. but in brazil, promoting young talent has become more professional and serious in recent years. for now, yan's parents are happy. soccer has already catapulted them into a new life. they used to live here. today yan's club pays the rent for their new house. >> i hope that yan will be financially independent. that life won't be as difficult

for him as it was for us. that would be enough for me. fame and fortune will happen by themselves. >> this career is short. if you just blink, you can fall behind. because a lot of guys want the same thing. blink once and you're out. >> yan soares de oliveira is still in. several european clubs have already expressed interest. with luck he could be playing in the champions league in a few years. >> and we will certainly be looking out for him. and if you have spotted some talent or want to share your ideas on the world we live in, look for us on facebook, at global 3000. and that's all we have time for on this edition. thanks for watching and don't forget to tune in again next week. until then bye bye! captioned by the national captioning institute --www.ncicap.org--