♪ >> hello, and welcome to the "journal" on dw-tv. i am heather. >> and i am steve at the business desk. >> the world's longest underground rail link, the gotthard base tunnel. and and for pakistan after the devastating floods. and you went launches global hand washing it to promote hygiene and that can save lives. ♪ >> the world's longest tunnel

has been completed in the swiss alps, clearing the path for the northern and southeastern europe. it is 57 kilometers long. it was approved and financed by swiss voters 20 years ago in a bid to reduce travel time and move cargo from trucks to trains but it could reduce by half the number of trucks traveling overland. the heavy vehicle traffic poses a threat to fragile outlying ecosystems. >> a historic breakthrough. it came shortly before 2:30 in the afternoon local time, as the massive drilling machine finished its work. the new tunnel stretches street to the center of the swiss alps. excavation to more than 10 years, with crews working in both directions. now finally, the links that is complete. this minor was the first to climb through the breach.

[applause] he held the statute of the patron saint of minors. 2600 workers were involved. the ceremony also paid tribute to eight workers who died during the decade-long construction. >> we dared to do something great together, and we succeeded in together. we knew the mountain is massive and we are small. >> the project is costing an estimated 9 billion euros. the gotthard base tunnel is expected to revolutionize transport in the region by cutting journey times. it will also reduce the amount of traffic going through the alps and reduce energy consumption. but there is still plenty of work to be done. the tunnel walls are not yet complete, and rails and cables have yet to be laid.

if everything stays on schedule, it will open to rail traffic in 2017. >> an organization made up of banks, government representatives, and civic groups dedicated to helping pakistan has been meeting in brussels to discuss reconstruction challenges and what can be done to help. the friends of democratic pakistan say agriculture and the transport and communication sectors were especially hard hit by recent flooding, with damages approaching $10 billion. >> reconstruction is under way in pakistan after the floods that submerged one-fifth of the country this summer. international aid agencies are providing what support they can. crop yields and the infrastructure have been destroyed, bringing further chaos to an already unstable region. in a country armed with nuclear weapons, it is a source of international concern.

islamabad's allies and friends of democratic pakistan, are calling for urgent political reforms. >> we are helping pakistan, but we also expect pakistan to implement necessary changes. we're focusing on government reforms and on more equality between the rich and poor. >> on thursday, u.s. secretary of state hillary clinton called on the wealthy in pakistan to do more to help the wrong people. she said measures to tackle corruption and tax reforms were essential. the wealthy elite of pakistan only pay 9% tax on their earnings. >> there is recognition that our tax base is not broad enough. >> but so far, there has been little political will to do anything about it. now the friends of democratic pakistan are insisting on change

in return for further financial aid. >> on the sidelines of those talks, the german foreign minister met with his iranian counterpart. he urged the iranian counterpart to intervene on the two german journalists charged on efforts to interview the son of a woman sentenced to death by stoning. he will continue to pursue diplomatic channels to gain their release. a memorial service has been held in the north west german town to honor the soldier killed in afghanistan. the defense minister also attended. the 26-room soldier was killed in a taliban suicide attack in the northern afghan province of 14 colleagues were wounded. and it is time to talk business stories. >> it is all about responsibility, reputation, and sweet revenge. some prominent losers in the

financial crisis are getting revenge in the court room. the former ceo of a failed in german mortgage lender has won the first of his lawsuits against the company that was awarded in back pay. he was unceremoniously sacked at the end of 2008 after the company was pushed to the brink of financial failure and then obtained 142 billion euros in guarantees. the bait, now nationalized under the name pbb, is appealing, but they are now pursuing hundreds of thousands more in damages. >> he was abruptly dumped after steering hre to the brink of ruin. now the ceo has won his first court victory against his former employer. the judges say that it is within his rights to demand two months in back pay, a sum of 150,000 euros, but not everyone is

celebrating. >> this is a disgrace. excuse me, but it is terrible. they see it is my money to shovel it into their behinds. >> the real estate company was germany's biggest casualty of the financial crisis and was only saved by 100 billion euros government bailout. the bank has since been nationalized. it is getting its house in order and reject those claims. >> we will not accept this ruling, and we will not be making any payments. >> the courts are said to rule again next year. he is claiming a total of 3.5 million euros in lost salary and pension payments. >> inflation is back. the cost of living is on the rise in the eurozone. the latest figures show prices gained an average of 1.8% in september year-on-yr. the biggest tax in transport costs. consumers were paying about 4% more, not just for cars and fuel but also for public transportation.

and alcohol, tobacco, and accommodation prices are more expensive. a but it is not all bad news, leisure and cultural activities have actually become cheaper. u.s. federal reserve chairman ben bernanke has signalled that the u.s. central bank is poised to take new measures to boost america's sluggish economy. in a speech in boston on friday, ben bernanke said stubbornly high unemployment and the growing risk of deflation there make the case for further action. that action could come at the end of the fed's next regular meeting in early november and is likely to take the form of so- called quantitative easing, whereby the fed purchases large amounts of government bonds to boost the economy through a lowering interest rates to stimulate spending. despite ben bernanke making a pretty clear that more stimulus is on the way, shares fell on wall street. earlier, i spoke to our correspondent at the new york stock exchange and asked why the market reacted negatively to

bernanke's speech. >> you could read the statement from federal chairman ben bernanke that more cheap money is on its way, but you could very well read the statement that may be more money but maybe not as much as wall street anticipated so far. ben bernanke was talking about uncertainties in connection with that program that might not work very well. so there is a cautious note. that could mean maybe more cheap money but maybe not as much as expected. and you do see, for instance, reaction on the currency side. the dollar actually gaining after some steeper losses in the past couple of weeks. >> we have seen more earnings. shares in many sectors continue to struggle. technology continues to shine. give us an update. >> old economy versus new economy. the old economy is not doing that great. if you look at the earnings reports from general electric,

profit -- profit drop of 18%. not as bad as expected, the company actually disappointed on the revenue side. that is why the stock of ge is trading lower by a good 4% on wall street. and then a look at the new economy. google, one of the few big corporations in the u.s. actually hiring. 3500 workers but new jobs in the first nine months at google. and even with the hiring and with higher costs, the company exceeded wall street as nevin's by far. s stock is trading higher by around 10%. >> thank you very much. he spoke to us earlier. let's look at the closing market numbers. starting off in frankfurt were the blue-chip dax index climbed by 0.6%. going into the weekend at 6492. the euro stoxx 50 ending the

week higher as well at 2841. in new york, however, the dow struggle this friday. it closed 0.3% lower, 11,062. the eurobond trading at about the value of $1.3971. in france, strikes against president nicolas sarkozy's pension reforms are now causing a run on the country's fuel supplies. refinery workers on friday blocked the pipeline that supplies fuel to the two main airports serving paris. riot police intervened at several fuel depots to lift the blockades, but strikers were able to cause disruptions at other sites. it was the fourth day of nationwide strikes, and they're expected to continue into next week. in leon, police fired tear gas to disperse protesting students. the pension reform has already passed the lower house of parliament and is scheduled for a senate vote next wednesday.

that is your business update. >> banks. the rescue miners from chile are leaving the hospital after the miraculous survival for two months deep underground. their discovery by fellow miners refused to give up the search and their subsequent survival and rescue are being called an inspiration to people everywhere and a tribute to the human spirit. [applause] >> carlos received rock star treatment from his friends and family when he arrived home. he was among the first three miners to be released from the hospital. they said they were grateful to finally make it home. >> i thought i would never return. that is why i am so happy about this reception. thank you for believing we were alive. >> the mood inside the hospital is also upbeat. the men are enjoying their freedom and the time they can finally spend with their families.

doctors have reported that nearly all of the miners are in remarkably good health. >> many more will probably leave the hospital on friday. i think that says a lot about how all the miners are doing. >> but doctors warn that the the psychological effects could first appear weeks and months, even years down the road. and many of the men are unlikely to work as minors again. her husband was the oldest to be saved, and she said he will not be returning underground. >> my grandson asked him not to ever go back to the mine, and he told him that he never would go back. and he said promise me, and he promised. >> the chilean government has promised to provide full medical and psychological treatment for the miners as it began a potentially long recovery process. >> dutch prosecutors have

recommended a credit politician of hate speech for remarks that are anti-islam. he's accused of inciting hatred and discrimination against muslims. prosecutors said most of the remarks may have been hurtful but were not criminal, including comparisons of islam with nazism. they say he can make statements about perceived problems in society. a verdict is expected in early november but of the german parliamentarian has died at the age of 66. he won a nobel prize in 1999 for his pioneer work in getting political support for solar energy. he was a member of the social democratic party since 1965. as one of the early champions of alternatives to nuclear power, the economist and social scientist was president of the european association for renewable energy. today is global hand washing day. the u.n. children's relief organization has launched a program to promote handwashing

that part -- that targets children worldwide. it is the simplest and most cost-effective way to combat the spread of deadly diseases. while the u.n. says this particular lack of hygiene is endemic in much of the developing world, it is also a growing problem in europe and the u.s. >> these children know the rules. wash your hands thoroughly with soap and water. youngsters this age, in particular, are still building up their disease resistance. illnesses such as colds and diarrhea are often spread through and contact. the kids know that they get infected with bacteria, they might get sick. but tackling the issue in many developing countries is more difficult. every year, 3 million children die from diarrhea and pneumonia. more than eight in malaria combined. the majority of those deaths could be avoided if children berlin doctors who frequently

work in africa and are confronted with the issue of hand washing. >> people who live in remote areas or to have no education often are not even aware that there is a connection between diarrhea and not washing their hands. one of our jobs is to educate them about that. but if there is no soap and water available for people cannot afford it, it does not matter if they know about hand washing or not. >> but in europe, too, people are in need of some enlightenment. a large british study has shown that as many as half the people and not wash their hands sufficiently. and those who did not learned in childhood tend not to change their behavior later. >> as part of global and handwashing day, a kenyan school children tried to break the record for the most people washing hands in one place. 19,003 matters 52 washers

gathered at a school of the capital of nairobi, hoping to scrub their way into the guinness book of world records. good stuff. >> give them the record. >> we will be back in a minute. ♪ in u.s. exile is a place that supports persecuted writers to this day. exile in paradise. ♪

>> pulsating beat san and big bass lines. electronic music from germany. over four decades. machine music. november on dw-tv. all broadcast * online. >> welcome back. 65 years after the end of world war ii, germany is seeing its first museum exhibition that exclusively deals with the historical question syringing adolf hitler in the german people. it is also the exhibition's title. historians, politicians, and museum directors have for decades felt that hosting such an exhibit could too easily play into the hands of the neo-nazis. but recent years and seen a new readiness to take on a controversial question surrounding hitler. it has become a topic among german entertainers and the country's film and tv industry. the exhibition at the german historical museum opened on friday and runs through february

6. it looks at the relationship between hitler and the germans and how people during the 12 years of national socialism saw the dictator. >> hitler fascinated people. he attracted millions of devoted followers a lead them into an unimaginable nightmare. in the second world war, hitler drag europe into an unprecedented war of annihilation. in parallel with the years of conflict came the crimes of genocide. the nazis murdered 6 million jews in the holocaust. it was a systematic attempt to exterminate european jews. huge numbers of people died as a direct result of the conflict. casualties on the eastern front were extreme for all the involved parties. in the soviet union, some 22 million people died, both

soldiers and civilians. hitler's war brought devastation and suffering to the whole of europe, including germany itself. 7 million germans died in the war, half of them civilians. many people lost everything they owned in bombing raids or were forced to leave their homes. in total, more than 50 million people died in world war ii. >> the exhibition's organizers made a point of focusing not only on adolf hitler but also on his followers and his admirers in the germany of the 1930's and 1940's. the central theme of the exhibition is hitler's rise from a political outsider to national cult figure. it also asks why so many germans trusted hitler, why so many pledged their loyalty to him, and examines what will not see propaganda play in the process.

>> adolf hitler, the fuehrer, the dictator, the master manipulator. how do you hold an exhibition about one of history's most vilified figures without glorifying the person and his deeds? the berlin exhibition employees contrasts. hear, a ranting hitler is shown without sound. the exhibition also shows the active role played by millions of germans. this tapestry was woven by women's church group, revealing a level of devotion that made hitler's dictatorship possible. >> this kind of identification and the regime could establish itself at a much faster pace. if it was imposed from above, there would have been more common of resistance, but silent refusal.

>> propaganda photographs of smiley, cheering crowds are counterposed with a stark reminders of not see-era atrocities. it seems like a single portrait is tainted on that the section of the torah, the jewish holy scripture, plundered from a destroyed synagogues. but hitler was careful to keep a distance from the sinister side of his regime. >> there's not a single image of hitler where he is taking part in any form of violence, let alone pictured with dead people or mounds of bodies. there are always situations where he is among cheering crowds or padding small children. they never showed the children of jewish families who were segregated and exterminated. >> the so-called final solution was a court policy of national socialism, an exhibition strives

to expose the reality behind the propaganda. images showing the brutality of the not too regime highlight the cynicism of the official narrative. like this painting of a forced labor camp. idealizing the working environment beneficial for the german people. the curators at the german historical museum in downtown berlin are aware of the political sensitivities and their responsibilities. >> we are dealing exclusively with hitler in his exhibition because we want to understand how these crimes were even possible. it is a question we're still asking today. otherwise no one would be interested in this person anymore. >> the exhibition, hitler and the germans, is sure to attract worldwide attention as it tries to put adolf hitler into context and to explain why the german people supported him for so long.

>> our correspondent joins us for some analysis. why has it taken 65 years before germany could see a museum exhibit of this type, examining the relationship between hitler and the german people? >> i think it is a measure of just how scarred this country is by the memory of its not see past two german the society as a whole but public figures in germany are hypersensitive about anything that neo-nazis get used to other glorify hitler or to promote anti-semitism. it is interesting that germany is the only country in the world where you can buy a copy of hitler's notorious book, "mine cough. but i have seen copies of it on sale in television. the poster also reflects that hypersensitivity. is simply consist of ledgers of words on a plain background. where in the world would you have an exhibition otherwise what out having a photograph on the poster?

>> the subtitle is national, community, and crime. what does that tell us about the organizers intentions? >> national committee is a translation of a german word that was coined by the nazis. it is more concrete and the motive than it the one word, society. it is at a time when the german society was very insecure financially, economically, politically, the beginning of the 1930's. it was to convey to germans the feeling that their society was as close knit and as cozy as a german village. it was the submittal idea behind us in a mentality. the reality was it was a conspiracy of crime. >> we're told the exhibition is constructed on the principle of the image and counter image. what does that mean in practice? >> it means that every time you have an exhibit that shows the positive aspects of not seize according to propaganda, of course, it is offset by an exhibit that shows the truth behind that line. for example, you have birthday

cards that german children send adoring lead to the your, and right next to those, you have drawings done by jewish children in a concentration camp. >> what is your view, does the exhibition answer the question, why did the german followed hitler? >> i do not think it does really. because the exhibition shows that hitler was an impostor, a con man, that he was a fake and a fraud. he was certainly all of those things. when it does not do is show or penalize the extraordinary personal magnetism he undoubtedly also had. it does not do that for the lead to the mix, political reasons i have mentioned. >> thank you for joining us. hitler and the germans, an exhibition. the first attempt by a museum in germany to tackle the subject of the nazi leader's popularity among ordinary germans during the third rights. that was our "in depth" poured.

thank you for joining us d. joining withw-tv if you can. captioned by the national captioning institute --www.ncicap.org-- ♪ ♪

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