>> you are watching the journal. >> welcome. >> our top stars of the star -- a new year's own crisis as leaders -- a new euros own crisis has leaders meeting in brussels. dozens of people are killed in anti-garment protests. kansas to employ is at the damage -- and to employees at the damaged nuclear plant are hospitalized.

>> europe's leaders are hoping to resolve differences in a two- day summit in brussels. the debt crisis has taken on new dimensions with portable heading to a bailout. the problem is also convincing voters that a european stability mechanism is necessary. dozens are marching in brussels who say that the plan is far too business friendly. >> they are in the firing line. 15,000 protesters hit the streets today in brussels to demonstrate against the eu economic policy. they are angry at how the bloc has dealt with the debt crisis so far. they are concerned about the new plans to save portugal. >> we worker have all -- we workers have already sacrificed enough money to get through this

crisis. now we have to pay for everything again. >> the social rights we fought for are being taken away. they should not try it because we will not let it happen. >> at the eu summit in brussels, leaders are frustrated by the portuguese's parliament decision to refuse to accept a new austerity program on wednesday. >> it is important that those who support portugal can make it clear to them that a savings program is something they should have -- they should adhere to. >> that is not just important for portugal, but also for the whole eu, especially the eurohis own -- the eurozone. >> in delegates at the summit want to find a way to shore up the eurozone.

>> portugal's government is falling apart. on wednesday, the prime minister resigned after the government rejected his austerity plan. portugal will only be able to avoid a bailout if it radically cuts spending. >> as expected, a day after the country's prime minister quit in lisbon, portugal barring costs -- portugal possible borrowing costs skyrocketed. -- portugal's borrowing costs skyrocketed. they will have to borrow from the european mechanism. but the collapse of portables. could delay any application for a bailout. -- but the collapse of portugal's government could delay any application for a bailout.

>> by law, it is about two months between these two events. that is too long. it will be some time before a new government is formed. >> in the meantime, a caretaker garment will take charge. but it would not have the authority to apply for aid. that means the people will be suffering a very uncertain future. there is concern in neighboring spain as well. it is seen as a possible bailout candidates. some analysts fear a domino effect. madrid says that their budgets far reaching reforms are enough. >> ban ki moon says that the libyan government has not complied with the resolution to end all hostilities. the security council may take a " additional measures if libya does not comply."

>> libyan authorities have repeatedly claimed that they have instituted a cease-fire, including by the prime minister of libya on march 19. we see no evidence. to the contrary, fierce battles have continued in or around the city'ies. in short, there is no evidence the libyan authorities have taken steps to carry out the obligations under resolutions 1970 or 1973. >> turkey says that nato is due to take over command of military operations in libya at the beginning of next week. the turkish parliament has voted in favor of joining the alliance against libya france argues that the arab states will be

alienated if nato led the mission. but the u.s., italy, and britain have been pushing for nato to take over the operation. william hayes said that a unified command is necessary -- william hague said that a unified command is necessary. meanwhile, rebel forces in libya's third largest city say they have killed 30 loyalists snipers. troops loyal to gaddafi have been in the hospital. there are also reports of heavy fighting in northern east. >> more and more civilians are leading the stern -- are leading the eastern town as heavy gunfire continues between troops and rebels. >> this situation is getting

worse and worse. god will punish those who are responsible for this. >> on thursday, libyan state tv showed footage of damage caused by overnight air strikes. officials say that a western bombs destroyed a military base in tripoli. france has since confirmed that dozens of coalition planes were indeed in operation over the country. libyan tv also showed injured people being admitted to hospital. libyan authorities said that 18 people were killed in the strikes, soldiers and civilians. >> we came under continuous fire. they did not take -- they did not attack military targets. there were corpses everywhere. it was a bloodbath. >> regime opponents dispute the figures, saying no civilian casualties were caused by the raids could be enforcing cannot be verified either way. even though military action continues, there is no signs of stopping gaddafi tanks from

shelling rebel towns. activists arrested in recent protests in the country are due to be released. this is after the president also bowed to opposition pressure and agreed to reports. >>[gunfire] >> this is amateur footage. the opposition says that dozens of people were killed in the clashes. eyewitnesses say that snipers on the rooftops opened fire on the crowd. the protests in syria have been gathering force over the last week. opposition supporters want more freedoms and an end to corruption. the authorities have announced some reforms. a spokeswoman for president bush yebashir said they were looking

into the end of emergency law which has been in force since 1963. but opposition activists want more. they have already rejected the official response and have called for mass protests across the country after friday prayers. >> the growing crisis in western africa, leaders of the block are asking for u.s. intervention in ivory coast. they say the country is close to civil war. this comes after inflammatory comments made yesterday by the minister who called on his supporters to take up arms against citizens of other west african states. japanese police say that more than 9800 people are now confirmed dead from the

earthquake and tsunami there. 17,000 more oare listed as missing. two workers were exposed -- workers were exposed soon high levels of radiation on wednesday. two are now houseboys. >> the tokyo fire department is using these shows -- two are now hospitalized. >> the tokyo fire department is using these hoses to dallas beat. -- $to douse the plant. >> it look like holy water being sent down by god. >> they are risking their lives in fukushima on a daily basis. there causally in danger of being exposed to radiation. wednesday's accident shows just how much danger they are in.

two men were treated in hospital after being exposed to radioactive material. the man suffered serious burns while attending to lay electric cables. their injuries and high level exposure to radiation could even mean an early death. despite the risks, however, many volunteers have offered their services to the tokyo fire department. they are willing to sacrifice their own health for the sake of their countrymen. >> libya is also facing punitive measures on the financial front. >> that is right. the u.s. is trying to use economic -- the u. n -- the eu is trying to use economic sanctions. media reports said that authorities are trying to prevent the company from transferring funds to tripoli.

>> many motorists who fill their tanks at his family's oil and hem stations are unaware that they makare buying a product mae from libyan oil. tam oil figures show with an 800 filling stations in europe, the majority in italy. the tam oil group has annual sales of more than 6 billion euros. more sanctions have been put on libyan firms. there is little chance the eu could have tam oil to shut down for legal reasons. >> despite a potential bailout funding for portugal, european

stocks were strong today. >> the crisis did not trouble the market. we hope we are over the physical point. even the political crisis in portugal did not drop the market euro. the financial markets with a bailout for portugal is already priced in. the first quarter was strong with revenue higher than a year before. that was a glimmer of hope. >> ratings agency moody's downgraded the debt and credit ratings of 30 spanish banks on thursday. this news was released after markets here in your clothes. let's look at some closing figures in frankfurt, germany. it gained almost 2%. the u.s. stocks ended the day up

1.5%. in new york, the dow jones industrial also closed at 12,170, up in positive territory. the crisis hit a german mortgage lender and threatened to take the country's entire financial sector down with it. now called thepbb, the bank that has been bailed out, has just announced the best four-year loss. the bank no longer needs a state guarantees and the toxic debt has been taken over by a government-supported banks' request under a new co -- banks. >> hundred new ceo, she had to do some wide-ranging

restructuring the core of the restructuring was setting up a bad bank. risky financial assets worth 173 billion euros were transferred to it, relieving them of much of a debt. experts say it could lose 30 two billion euros. that is due to u.s. municipal bonds in which cooper realist it was heavily invested. many u.s. municipalities are facing bankruptcy. but manuela bette alas to worry about that. she is now focusing on the help the areas. -- on the healthy areas. >> many investors are buying precious metals as a safe haven. gold is heading back to the highs it reached at the

beginning of march. it is currently at its highest level in 31 years, hitting almost $38 announced on thursday. the highest level ever reach was $50 up to the hunt brothers attempted to corner the market back in 1998. >> he was last year's tour de france j again. but a doping case could keep them out of this year's race. he tested positive for a muscle drug. he blames the results on eating contaminated meat. " you're watching the journal on the w tv. -- >> you are watching the

journal on dw tv. do not go away. >> how will we live in the future? how will we communicate that to get from point a to point b or treat diseases? they are looking at the most pressing answers of the future, shaping tomorrow our series on "tomorrow today." >> can a dream become an unforgettable experience? can hospitality reach new heights? can we celebrate the winter

fairy tale together? we can make that happen. let's bring the winter olympics and paralympic to germany. that is what munich 2018 can do. >> welcome back. timing is everything. the timing of this is not good. eu leaders are meeting in brussels for a summit aimed at stopping the euro zone debt crisis. politicians in lisbon cannot agree on budget cuts that the prime minister says can keep the country solvent. he is the primformer prime mini, actually. he step down when the government rejected the austerity package. >> salvaging whatever they can come of the euro zone

countries have been behaving like firefighters. now the euro redzone hopes to be better prepared. >> the -- euro zone hopes to be better prepared. >> all of europe has to pull together. >> eu leaders seem to be very satisfied with themselves. they think they have done a great job. they provided a big fire truck to put up the current fire and put out new regulations so things are more fireproof in the future. >> if future emergencies do arrive, a new rescue fund will kick in starting in 2013. the european stability mechanism would comprise guarantees from euro zone companies with a capital base of 80 billion euros. it would be a total fund of 700 billion euros. but to assure a aaa credit rating, the lending capacity

would be lower. >> they have provided a big fire truck with the 500 billion euros that the fund is meant to have. but it probably will not be enough. then you get into a situation where you just have to keep pumping. >> just like at the fire department, prevention is the watchword with proposals to boost the euro stability pact. with tougher penalties for countries exceeding a deficit limits, monitoring of budgets, and overall debt levels. on top of this, germany and france want a packed for the euro. for instance, in labor cost the pact also means to bring in pension policies into line. many have been calling for this kind of economic governance for a long time. but it is controversial. >> is it is a long list of

things that would be desirable, but which cannot be implemented at summit level. you need political level -- you need political the till at home. >> just like these firefighters, eu leaders will have to stand united if they want to be successful as the euro zone's political fire department. >> is essentially, it is all about the euro and restoring faith in a currency. it has sparked fears about the future of the euro zone. the bailout mechanism is supposed to act like a safety net, an insurance policy, if you will. >> europe's politicians have to work hard to get this far. the reform on the table emphasizes the fact that year's donations are in this together.

>> it is aipac for more competitive id-- it is a pact fr more competitivity. rich states like germany will have to pay roll the weaker ones. the original plan when the euro was introduced expressly ruled the financial standards of that sort. each country was to keep its debt under control, making the arrow stable. then can the your crisis. -- then came the euro crisis. it soon became clear that saving the euro would mean convergence in economic terms. critics say that could have happened sooner and more cheaply.

>> much of it could have been quicker. some things could have been done better. all in all, i am not dissatisfied with everything we have achieved in the last year. >> now, indebted states will have to save more than those who are financially sound. that has already triggered protests from the union. >> sarkozy and merkel and the european governments just want to destroy our social benefits. they want europe to be a huge economic carry with no social protection for the workers. >> that is the attempt to create a herlevel playing field for the european economy. countries will be more rigorously tested for the competitiveness. governments that want help will have to implement the economic and social reforms. >> being able to bring these strands together in one packet is a huge step forward. we are showing that we have learned lessons from the crisis

experienced by some countries. >> europe is pulling together and at least polishing up the current policy. >> angola merkel -- angela merkel has a lot of experience in this. how strong does her hand look this time around? >> not so good, i am afraid. that was very true since she arrived on the political scene. some people say that one product maybe the impending elections. among the big political players, she could be said to be isolated on libya, on nuclear energy, having immediately pulled the plug on old nuclear plants in germany, and, of course, she has remained alone on those two issues throughout the summit.

where she has a stronger hand is in resisting, at the moment, a bailout for portugal, and endorsing entirely these tight economic programs that are being agreed upon in the summit tomorrow. she says that warning systems are failing bureau zone -- failing euro zone countries. right now, this sum at, there is no berlin-paris access. it is a london-paris access. i think she is sidelined at the moment. >> there is some fear in germany that the currency union could be some kind of financial transfer mechanism with germany playing the banker. do they get that in brussels? >> the problem is that in germany is always the bank. it is the biggest economy. it is the economic powerhouse, always was and probably always will be. unfortunate, germany will carry

the biggest slice of any bailout for any country in the future. that is why angela merkel has been a bit unpopular for resisting. she was the one who delayed and delayed and did not want to commit and finally had to. she is still carrying that- legacy of delay and confusion -- that negative legacy of delay and confusion. >> how feasible do think this kind of pan-european governments is? >> the problem is that everyone is trying to make common economic policy out of 27 very different nations, even the 17 euro zone countries are different. but the argument goes that you cannot have a one-size-fits-all economic policy when you have somebody countries and two different currencies. >> thank you very much.

>> that has been our in-depth at this hour. please stay tuned.

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♪ - hi, this is bob scully, and welcome to another edition of the world show: entrepreneurs: the dobson series. our guest this week is an entrepreneur, to be sure, but also one of the world's great inventors, engineers, and innovators. he's won too many prizes to be quoted

and listed here, but let's talk about some of the things he's done. google up the us navy and look at those fabulous floating cities, the nuclear aircraft carriers. well, his equipment is on every single one. the atlas rocket developed with wernher von braun; the moon launch, his equipment was there as well; the cern--c-e-r-n--the world's largest experimental physics installation with the hadron collider under france and switzerland, his equipment is in there as well; any nuclear reactor in the us, and most in the world, thanks to his equipment, these things can function. so he has done quite a bit, and years ago, he escaped from czechoslovakia just before the iron curtain slammed shut. he'll tell us about it. and here's the best news of all: a.k. velan is 92 years young. here he is. a.k. velan, the us navy, i think it's fair to say, would grind to a halt, would steam to a halt, if they didn't have the benefit of your equipment. your equipment is essential in nuclear reactors around

the world, in the famous hadron collider underneath switzerland and france. you have done great, great things, but i want to take us back first to the end of the war, in the late '40s, 1948-49, in czechoslovakia, when the nazis had been defeated, the communists were taking over, you're a young engineer with a wife and two kids. let's tell that story. - well, i must say that when i was starting university, in the early stages i sympathized with communism and equal rights for workers and so on, and even during the occupation of the germans i studied russian secretly, so when the russians came, the soviet union army liberated us from german occupation, i must say that i was cured from communism within a week, with their behaviour and they're treatment

of women and other people. and losing the freedom and human rights, having young children of four years and two years, my sons, i didn't want them to be educated in such a regime, and i planned escape. and, uh, we escaped in 1949, early, to austria--it was on the border of czechoslovakia. we lived in brno, two hours from austria. austria was occupied by the soviet union on the frontier of czechoslovakia. then in linz, where the river passes through, there was a bridge, and on the other side was the american army. - mm-hmm.

- and it's a very complicated way, how i escaped, because after the war, when we were liberated, democracy still existed theoretically, private enterprise was not allowed. i started a plan to produce textile machinery-- high innovation in textile machinery--and in 1947 i made the trip to the united states. two months i travelled to establish agencies and so on for exports, and so when i built the plant, because i had to plan to have 200 employees, and all the companies having more than 100 employees were supposed to be nationalized, so my company,

without even starting production yet, having only drawings and catalogues, was nationalized, taken over by the communist regime. so i lost there, but still the company existed. you are asking me how we escaped? - yes. especially with the russian soldiers-- - i had orders from switzerland, belgium, and france. i went to the ministry of industry and said, "you know, i have these orders for the machinery, and i want to visit the three countries. will i get an exit permit?" and they said, "well, you apply for it". and this exit permit was first rejected, but then by paying some fees, i got an exit permit to go to switzerland, belgium, and france to visit the prospective customers. and my plan was to go

to switzerland, get a passport, some passport for my wife, bring it back to czechoslovakia, creating then confidence that i am a man who will stay there, and then say that i couldn't complete the trip, and on my escaping trip, i said i have still to go to belgium and france, and this was the plan. and i brought my wife a passport of a norwegian lady whom i met in a nightclub, and she was studying at the university of zurich, had a little boy, so this fit well for me. and she went to the czech consulate in zurich and got a visa to visit czechoslovakia, and with this passport i returned home in an american

car, a mercury, which i had after the war and which the communists took away but i succeeded at getting back-- it's a long story--and i went with this car to switzerland, and returned with a zurich number, and now the plan was completed. we had to arrange some changes in the passport, etc., and the agreement was that on a sunday i would go via switzerland to belgium and france, france and belgium, and when i succeed, i would call my wife who would be with the other son-- - you each had one of your kids with you? - yes. i escape with my son ivan, who was about three and a half years old, and by the way, my sympathies with communists could be related

to the name of my son, ivan, which is a russian name. - that's the fun part. it helped because the russian soldiers at the border liked him. - it helped because when we entered austria, we were inspected, of course, by the soviet inspectors, and any czech going west was suspicious, so i established a good relationship by speaking russian, and then they liked young children, and they asked me, "what is the name of your son?" i said, "ivan. ivan." and so he asked to open the window. i opened the window, and he kissed my little son, and wished me a nice happy return back to czechoslovakia, and

this is how i passed the border. a similar thing happened on the other side of the river, and the americans were looking at what was going on--a car with a zurich number having so much time there--and so when i finally passed the border and came into the american zone, i considered myself already to be a free man. they asked me if i had any difficulties, and i said no, i just told them the same story i told you, and i went to linz, and when i arrived there, i rented a room in a hotel, and i called my wife in prague. i asked her if i could speak with mr. velan-- - you were asking for yourself. it was a trick, and you spoke german. - this was all agreed. and she

said, "no, he's not here, but you can call him on tuesday". tuesday then was the date for her escape with the norwegian passport and with my son peter, with an arlburg express, which goes from budapest through bratislava, etc. - and she escaped too. - and she escaped. she had some problems at the border, because my son--she was in a sleeping car--and my son awoke and said, "mommy, mommy", and she spoke german with him, and he said, "mommy, mommy is czech; mommy is not norwegian or swiss". - oh, my god. - yes. and so she replied, "your mommy is... i am in switzerland, and mommy is in germany as well". and finally he gave her the passport, and-- - and so you had this wonderful reunion on the other side.

- a reunion at linz, and we went to switzerland and spent a few months there. - and when you came to america-- north america--you started your engineering concern. what fascinates me is you rose to the top very quickly. you worked with wernher von braun on the atlas rocket--i mean, not immediately, but you-- - when i came to canada, i established my company in 1950 in january. this was my first year of operations, and the name was velan engineering, and my first product which i brou was a revolutionary design of a steam trap, and when i came in i had already a catalogue in english--a very, very elaborate catalogue. it was a revolutionary invention. - you have 26 patents to your name, i believe. - during the period until-- my latest patent was issued in 2001 in the us and worldwide. - and why are your products so

good? why are they so essential? the us navy uses practically only that for steam traps and valves. - my background with the us navy goes to 1952 when i was working with westinghouse, and westinghouse had designed and manufactured the reactor for the first nuclear submarine, nautilus. and they needed bellows seal valves, and the bellows seal valves at that time were in non-existence, and when i got the inquiries, i didn't know what "bellow" meant. i looked in the czech-english vocabulary and found out it's a bellow. so i looked in an american list of manufacturers, i found four manufacturers, and i ordered a bellow catalogue and so on, and started to design a bellows seal globe valve. and within about six weeks after the decision, i had

already a prototype, tested in our plant--first plant-- with the help of a very top engineer by the name of duplessis. and i went to... ...to pittsburgh, where the head office of westinghouse was, and i left it there, and explained the features, etc., and within about three months, i asked for quotations, and i quoted, and i got the order for bellows seal valves from westinghouse for the first nuclear submarine, nautilus. and then my first big order in the us for nuclear applications was 8,000 bellows seal valves for oak ridge enrichment plants for uranium, and so i supplied those, and became then a supplier to westinghouse, through

westinghouse to the us navy. this is how i started in early '52, and-- - and today almost all the ships have velan equipment on them. - and by 1960, i think i showed it to you, an article in navy engineering, where i was already shown--it was warren valve corporation--shown as a major supplier to the us navy, and i supplied the valves for the first nuclear aircraft carrier. - and today you're on all of the aircraft carriers. - all aircraft carriers, and about 60-70% of nuclear submarines. - but why--the mystery to me, they tell me your products are really the best; that's why they're everywhere--why are they the best? what is it that-- - the basic thing is that in nuclear applications you require forgings instead of castings.

castings--especially of larger sizes--are very difficult to cast to nuclear- quality class-one x-rays, which is nearly impossible, because during the cooling of larger walls, you have big problems, and deficiencies which have to be ground off and welded, and then heat-treated again, and so on. i decided to bake the whole range up to 24-inch in forgings, and i was the first--up to six- inch, they were forged valves, but i went up to 24-inch, and the canadian government had helped to pay for the dies. there was only one supplier of the forging above 6-inch-- cameron in houston, texas-- and the dies were very expensive. a die for a 24-inch would cost now four or five million dollars. - and is that why nobody else

does forgings ever? - and today in 2011, above 6-inch, i still am the only supplier of nuclear valves for up to 24-inch. and this is why in china, where they build a lot of nuclear power stations, we have orders now for 28 nuclear power station valves in china. and they're forged because cast valves, this is for the nuclear field of the reactor. out of the turbine, this is another field where not such high quality requirements are required, and this represents about 70% of the end value of valves for nuclear reactors. and

a nuclear reactor needs about 30,000 valves, but the majority is on the non-nuclear part, but as far as investments, the nuclear part is about 70% of the total investment. - and i've heard that the big hadron collider under switzerland and france that is the biggest experimental physics installation in the world, you invented a special valve for absolute cold that helped reduce the size of the whole operation. without your valve, it would have cost three times as much and might never have been built. - no, i wanted to explain to you that i was always interested not only in industrial applications-- because these are industrial valves, going from gas, oil, and petrochemical plants, chemical plants, and also, of course, navy--that i was

always interested in science, applications in science. so already during the development of the rocket for the moon-- atlas rocket--by von braun came from the development of rockets in germany. most of the crew went to russia--to the soviet union--but he with a small group stayed in europe and went to the united states, and we supplied valves--developed valves and supplied valves for launching the atlas. they were valves for liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen for the rocket. - which are very cold. - and they were propelled by gas--helium gas--at 6,000 psi, because helium doesn't mix up, and they didn't have pumps at that time, so we developed for von braun, and i got an award from him when he created the planetary society

for honourary presidency of the year. and then, of course, i participated in the future for the valves for launching the rockets to the moon. - incredible. did some velan equipment make it to the moon with armstrong and so on? - no. - no. - this was stationary equipment for bringing the liquid nitrogen and hydrogen and oxygen to the rockets. there were no valves on the... - on the capsule. - on the capsule. - and did you ever--when you are designing these things, you have to guard against failure-- did you ever have failures? something you tried and it didn't work? - well, you have to take into consideration that i had the basic idea for the equipment, but i cannot do it myself.

we had a research department and many engineers. we employ now over 82 professional engineers; in the research department, top people. and in cooperation, i try to develop the idea and design with an engineering office, so it's my idea but there were--from the 30 patents we have--velan incorporated-- four patents were by others and 26 were my patents. i always had these ideas, because already when i was 12 years old i started to be interested in astronomy and cosmology and i started to read books and so on. and, of course, in 1985, by what i call a vision, an idea came in how the universe was created--

- yes, i know. you were watching the movie the day after. - yes. i've read this somewhere. you were watching the day after, and boom, you had an insight. - and then after watching the film, around 12 o'clock, maybe 12:30 at night--this was in florida, where we had a country home--i couldn't sleep, and suddenly this idea came in, completely unexpected and so on, within a minute. and this i developed, and it took seven years to build up the mathematics, etc., and in 1995 i was invited to cambridge. there was a velan day in cambridge with a lot of professors and people who made doctorate degrees in cambridge for the conference. and i presented in the morning,

during about three hours, my theory, and in the afternoon for four hours a question period and so on. and to my surprise, now in the last two months, there were many newspaper articles in canada based on the declaration of professor penrose from oxford--to whom i have just sent a letter two- three weeks ago--where he starts to say that a universe existed forever, but it had a certain time to be created, then expanded, developed, and then... - contracted. - contracted, and then exploded again, etc., and this is the base for my theory of multi-universe cosmos. - president obama wants

to created a sputnik moment for america, where america suddenly realizes it has to make a great leap forward in technology. if you were advising him, what would you tell him to concentrate on? - well, i first would tell him that what he didn't mention--and i was even planning to write him a letter; otherwise i admire him--in his speech he didn't present the basic, basic historical development that, while 25-30 years ago there were about eight companies in china-- american companies, offices in china, companies in china--there are now 44,000 american companies in china, and most of the industry--not aircraft, but even aircraft--has moved to china. the americans have established 46,000 companies in china, and in my line,

industrial valves, practically all--90%--of production has been moved to china. of course, the companies remain in the united states and they bring the equipment from china and make some testing and so on, but the production and the employees, they lost the jobs. and i'll give you an example. in 1953, when i visited crane in chicago, they had 180 acres of land, and on that enormous plants with foundries, forging shops, and valves, and i came there with my steam trap, and i sold it to them, and they were major distributors for us. in their book on valves, we had eight pages of steam traps. and the interesting story is that when i told them that i am

czech--i had an accent--czech origin, they said, "well, are you czech?" i said, "why are you surprised?" "because, you know, the daughter of mr. crane has married mr. jan masaryk"-- who was the son of the first president of czechoslovakia-- "and he by chance is here, and if you like, i will introduce you to him." and i had the pleasure of meeting him there. he was already working in czechoslovakia, but visited chicago. - well, mr. velan, we'll have to talk more, because this is fascinating, and i can see why the us navy trusts you with the safety of its fleet. thank you so much, and long life. - thank you. - a.k. velan was our guest this week on entrepreneurs: the dobson series of the world show, and that's our program for this week. i'm bob scully. have a great one. thanks.

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