>> hello and welcome to." >> thanks for joining us. that our headlines for this hour -- a four of the unrest in britain. them at the u.s. federal reserve tries to calm the markets, promising to keep interest rates low. >> the syrian president resents turkish efforts to intervene in the crisis there. -- rejects turkish efforts to intervene in the crisis there. british authorities have increased the police presence on

the streets of london to subdue rioters, but that has not stopped them from looting and rioting in the northwest city of manchester. there, youth have analyzed retail shops and fought police in the center of the city. since the weekend, british police have been overwhelmed at the level of looting and violence, which started with the shooting death by police of a young man. prime minister david cameron has vowed to do whatever it takes to restore order to the country. back after three nights of violence, looting, and arson, many lenders turned out today carrying rooms for operation right cleanup. the mayor came to the area to thank the volunteers, saying they represented the spirit among them. entire blocks have been plundered and reduced to smoking ruins. many businesses have been destroyed. the citizens are demanding tough action.

>> just hooligans. they should bring back rubber bricks and tear gas, i think. >> the police said they will consider using plastic bullets it necessary, and 16,000 police are to be deployed around london on tuesday evening, nearly three times as many as before. all police leave has been cancelled. prime minister david cameron sought to reassure the public and warren buffett is that the authorities would get top. >> you will feel the full force of the law, and if you are old enough to commit these crimes, you are old enough to face the punishments. to these people, i would say this -- you are not only wrecking the lives of others. you are not only wrecking your own communities. you are potentially wrecking your own life, too. >> in london, volunteers are reviving the tradition of standing together and helping one another in defiance of

mindless violence against their city. that let's get an update on the situation. for that, i'm joined on the line by kitty logan, standing by in london. what is the latest? is the violence continuing there? >> it is indeed. many of the additional police forces were brought down to london from regions across the u.k., and now, the looters and writers have turned their attention to those areas where there is perhaps a weaker police presence. we are seeing in manchester the scenes of many scuffle's there. there have been a couple of fires breaking out and shot and sporadic looting. also, there are reports of clashes and arrest there. reports in birmingham. isolated incidents of scuffles with police and looting. seems now that london is relatively quiet. the city is blockaded. the barriers are down, and there

are 15,000 police on the streets, but people are largely stayed at home. it seems the violence is spreading across the country. >> is there any sign that the authorities may turn to tougher methods of crowd control? >> we are seeing a tough crackdown tonight. really a no-tolerant attitude. we have heard tough words today from political leaders, from prime minister david cameron himself, and other political figures appear also the people really cannot comprehend what has happened to the city. they do not understand all the reasons for this violence, but that has not stopped those who are carrying it out. they seem determined to continue their actions. even those not in london denied have certainly carried on in other major cities such as manchester. amorites began after a man was shot dead last week. what is the latest into that incident? >> these riots began after a man

was shot dead last week. >> word is that there is no evidence that the shots that killed him would have been fired by police. he died of a single gunshot wound to the chest. this contradicts earlier claims that he fired his own handgun. he was in possession of a weapon, but it seems now that the evidence points with the fact that he did not fire that handgun, and, of course, this incident was the original controversy which sparked the violence saturday night and turned that peaceful vigil into the initial bout of violence. although the violence we are seeing over the past couple of days has no connection to that incident, so it seems. >> we thank you very much for that update from london. so are these riots a result of political protest or just pure vandalism? considering that some of the looters have been as young as 10 years old, you might guess that it is the latter, but it is

still too hard to say at this point. >> the majority of those involved in the rioting and looting in london over the past few days our young people. many are unemployed and feel disadvantaged by society. but the police is now warning it intends to get tough. >> we will be there. please make sure that you know where your children are. it is not spectators. this is serious criminality that police have responded to. >> what started as a protest at the fatal shooting of a man as police tried to arrest him turned into a rampage aimed at the destruction of private and public property. riders use social media and mobile telephones to evade police as the violence spread from the tottenham neighborhood of north london to other parts of the british capital. tensions remain high. the multi-ethnic neighborhood is one of the poorest areas in

england and has seen street violence in the past. some observers see social problems as the cause of the unrest. they blame the government for failing to address the issues earlier. >> let's turn to some other news now. turkey and egypt have added their voices to the international condemnation of syria pose a military crackdown. turkey's foreign minister said his country was running out of patience with the ongoing violence against syrian dissidents. egypt's foreign minister said he fears the situation in syria was headed to the point of no return. the syrian president remains unfazed by the criticism, and says he will continue the assault against what he called terrorist groups. >> the turkish foreign minister came to damascus with a clear message. it was time for the protests to

the stock. but the shot al assad said his government will continue to pursue what he described as terrorist groups. >> there were fresh reports of military attacks on civilians. the country's news agency said there is no army presence in the city. despite the increasing international pressure and growing isolation, the regime continues its crackdown. human rights activists say some 30 people died in military operations today. >> time now to turn it over to ben. we have some relatively good news coming out of the united states. >> a bit of good news. some people will see it -- it is good news if they have mortgages. traders have had different reactions. one economist in new york saying this is a lame way for the fed to try to help the marketplace, keeping rates on hold.

traders around the world have been waiting to see if the u.s. federal reserve would step in and save the markets. wall street had been pushing higher on those votes, but the fed did nothing more than a promise to keep interest rates low for more than two years. it did not come up with any new monetary initiatives. the crisis is not liquidity driven, as it was in 2008, which leaves the central bank in a difficult position. that added that u.s. economic growth has been considerably slower than expected. the dow dropped immediately after the fed's announcement, but it is climbing again now. a short while ago, i asked our wall street correspondent to tell us more. >> traders i talked to were almost shocked at the announcement of the federal reserve. the fed chairman was talking about lower growth than expected, a slower pace of the recovery, of the job market. that was not the big shot. but that interest rates are going to stay low until mid-

2013. says such a time frame was never set by the federal reserve before, and that implies that basically the federal reserve is saying they do not trust the u.s. economy to make it on their own without the help of the federal reserve within the next few years. that did, as a shocker, and we did see quite steep declines. the market recovered a little bit after that, but the bottom line is it was to a certain degree a shocker that the federal reserve would set such a timeframe for low interest rates. we did see wild swings here on wall street. >> was there any reaction on currency markets? >> we did see a sell-off of the u.s. dollar right after the announcement appeared especially if you look in comparison to the swiss franc. the dollar lost more than 4% in comparison to the swiss franc just in tuesday's session. also, other sides of the

commodity market, for example, sought a big drop. oil losing around 3%. with that, oil prices are down more than 20% just in a time frame of roughly 10 weeks. on the other side, we have prices reaching a new all-time high, gaining more than 50%. if gold is moving up, that tells you that the market is very nervous. >> thank you very much. time to bring up those market numbers for you. a choppy trade on both sides of the update. on wall street, the dow industrials still in positive territory. of almost 4% now. germany's dax recovered some of its earlier losses, finishing the day only 0.1% down. the euro stocks 50 closed up. a more promising day on european exchanges. and was up almost 2%. frankfurt was lagging behind. here's more from our markets

reporter. that it was a roller coaster day here in the german equity market, after a relief from the start of the day, the benchmark index has lost more than 7%. but it could make good those losses during the afternoon as wall street opened positively. on a daily basis, the backs of a lost 101%. the main drag on the market side were utility shares here germany's second-biggest utilities reported a disappointing first half of the year results, pointing at the surprise future in terms of nuclear energy of the government as well. all in all, utilities were the biggest loser here on the german market site. >> staying in europe come fears remain that the efforts to put a safety net under spain and italy might not be enough to avoid further market disruptions.

the state the outlook for growth in italy means it may yet see a further downgrade four ratings agencies like standard in force. >> with its high jobless rate and economist up in the doldrums, italy has and itself a lowly a + rating from standard and poor's, the same as slovakia, a country which right now has better economic prospects than italy. >> we could be looking at another downgrade, and it is not a process that has just started. for instance, we first downgraded italy in 2004. it just was not noted back then because we were in a different market situation. it was one of euphoria and the lead in economic convergence. >> but we are in a different reality now. it is one where the outlook for spain and belgium is - here in ball terms, that means s&p thinks there is a one in three chance of further downgrade.

>> germany's economy may be on the upswing, but many countries are still stuck in the doldrums. german auto makers and the mechanical engineering and feeling the effects. the results are some 3% better than they were this time last year, but analysts striving for more since last year at this time. >> one crisis to the next. >> actually, there is no crisis going on. they are celebrating their 60th anniversary. the institute's was named after the country's most famous poet, and its goal is to promote the german language and culture around the world. the first goethe institute opened in the 1950's. 150 countries around world offering libraries, cultural

events, and german lessons. over 200,000 people took part in the language courses last year. >> we will be taking a look at the institute coming up later on in this program. as germany gets ready to commemorate the 50th anniversary of the construction of the berlin wall, dw-tv continues its coverage on the concrete barrier that once divided the city. in the center of berlin, officials have preserved a second of the wall and turned it into an informational site for tourists. >> the berlin wall was much more than just a wall. with watchtowers, just, added that stroke, it provides -- divided germany's largest city and formed the hard line of the cold war. in the center of berlin, a newly expanded memorial informs visitors about the wall was a history. the city of berlin and the german government worked

together to create the site. >> nothing is being suppressed or forgotten. this is about actively addressing the past, and specifically, the east german dictatorship. >> it is about honoring and remembering victims and above all, creating a memorial for future generations so that nothing like this could ever happen again. >> 50 years after the wall was first built, the memorial is now a popular destination for visitors appear last year alone, it attracted 500,000 people here from saturday, when the new part of the site is officially open, even more information will be available for those wanting to learn more about this chapter of german history. along just this short section of wall, 10 people lost their lives. >> the german chancellor who always our unification and the end of the berlin wall was an honor for that achievement and given his own segment of the wall to keep in his front

garden. former chancellor said it will always remind him of how unfree the people behind the iron curtain once were. stay tuned. i will have the "in depth" coming up next. >> her mother is hiv-positive. she was infected at birth. she probably will not live to

the age of five. organization aims to prevent the mother to child transmission of hiv. give her a future. make a donation. save a life. >> welcome back. the great german poet goethe has been dead now for 180 years, but his legacy lives on in his works. the goethe institute was founded in his honor to help spread his passion for the german language. 60 years ago, the institute started out as a small club for the disease. today, 3000 people in 93 countries around the world work for the institute. its language courses, programs, and projects are largely funded by the country's foreign ministry. it is an important part of germany's foreign policy. >> the goethe institute combines idealism with reality.

it all began in 1951 when a group of language experts in unit set up an association to provide further training for teachers of german abroad. people came from many countries to improve their skills of courses held in the bavarian countryside appeared from the start, emphasis was placed on the highlight of german culture, to help restore the country's image after the atrocities of world war ii. >> in the 1950's, germany had to find its way back into the civilized world, and it was clear that if we were a government organization, than what we were doing could be confused with propaganda. >> so it was as an independent association that the goethe institute expanded out into the world in 1953. it set up branches in athens, cairo, and deli. other cities and countries soon

followed. organization played an important role in west german foreign policy. it tried to achieve a balanced cultural change. >> in 1970's afghanistan, for example goethe, example institute achieved a great deal. >> the session there was an experience that is still with me. they did not know what we were playing, and we did not know what they were playing. >> the goethe institute took on a new role during military dictatorships in latin america in the 1980's. all the west german government maintain diplomatic relations with the regime, the goethe institute's branches there became meeting places for the opposition, the institute in buenos aires in particular.

>> it was a place where argentinian film makers whose work was banned, who could not usually show their films, net to view each other's work. some bad things happen. for example, people were pulled out of the language lab by the police or military, and the director of the institute could not do anything. of the berlin wall marks the beginning of another new phase in the institute's history. by 1994, 13 new branches had opened in eastern europe. >> at the same time as the situation knows, a political idea of rose, that the goethe institute should be directly linked to human rights. >> the goethe institute continues to weigh up the balance between language, culture, and politics in its

work, creating different understandings between different people in our globalize world as a challenge for the institute and an opportunity. >> the institute has always subscribe to the theory that cultural dialogue is especially important in a crisis areas. the organization recently opened its 150 of office in one of the most difficult areas in europe. not all offices are in such a controversial surrounding. in our next report, we take a look at what an average day looks like at the goethe institute. >> goethe concept has many faces, but its most important function is teaching the children language. the best place to learn it is in the heart of the country where it is spoken.

the picturesque town is one of the most popular places in germany to learn german. more than 200 language students from all over the world are currently studying at the goethe institute here. the institute's director says the center for the hospitality and comfortable atmosphere are what makes it so successful. >> it is a place where you really have the opportunity to learn in peace and quiet and experience in germany up close at its most typical. >> some students are learning german our personal interests. others are doing it for their careers. classes are small. today, conjugated verbs is on the curriculum.

more than 80,000 language students have taken german glasses at the institute. cultural exchange is a fundamental part of what happens here. the goethe institute's field have to be more creative in planning their programs via the institute in columbia has invited the german poet to take part in the international poetry festival here. it is the biggest in the world. 90 pellets from 50 countries are taking part. nobel prize laureates top the list here today, younger artists are in great demand. to present an image of germany that is young, lively, and contemporary. >> of to the end of the 1990's, it was plagued by drugs and violence, but today, it is much calmer, as evidenced by the

poetry festival. >> despite the language barriers, his poetry is well- received. >> it is a really special atmosphere. it strengthens my belief that poetry really can achieve a great deal. >> in other parts of the world, the goethe institute has helped foster democracy. when thousands of egyptians took to the streets of cairo earlier this year, the institute there was in the middle of the action. it is located just meters from tahrir square. the institute was founded in each of by opening the lounge, a place open to all for

discussions, film screenings, and exhibitions. this 24-year-old was in cairo in january when a popular revolution against the mubarak regime began. >> first, it let me think again about the country's struggles. >> he regularly writes about developments in egypt and the goethe institute blog. an egyptian film director has also been inspired by the revolution. the institute is supporting his feature film in the last days of the city. >> it is a long way to go. we have to be a liberal, democratic country. otherwise, we will be here again. >> just one of thousands of artists from the world supported by the goethe institute. if you are interested in finding

out more about the goethe institute, you can check out a special feature on our website. that is www.dw-world.de. that has been our "in depth" for this hour. please stay tuned for more news.