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tv   Focus on Europe  PBS  June 1, 2015 6:30pm-7:01pm PDT

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damien: hello and welcome to "focus on europe," showing you how europeans really would. i'm damien mckenna. thank you for joining us. why macedonians want a new government. why french models are being told to put on weight. and why british gardeners don't like the not so fantastic mr. fox. the face of macedonia has been rocked by violence and masterman's rations, sparking fears of a new ethnic conflict. the turmoil started earlier this month when police staged an
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assault on what the government calls albanian terrorists. at least 18 people killed, but those in the town where the violence erupted believe there's more to the incident then there a increasingly unpopular government is admitting. we met up with one of the local residents who has lost everything. >> days later, they still cannot believe what happened. the house he lived in with his family now lies in ruins. >> where in the world can such a thing happen? it's a disaster. something like that might happen in israel or in gaza. i've seen images like that on tv. there's nothing more i can say. you've seen the damage. what more is there to say?
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>> the shooting started in the middle of the night. according to the government, the attack was carried out by an albanian terror group. in this neighborhood mainly inhabited by albanians, people are baffled. they have no idea why they were targeted. the attack left 18 people dead. the shooting continued for several hours. large parts of the neighborhood were reduced to rubble. residents are still in shock. many of them hold the government responsible. >> is the government's fault. they knew about it and did nothing. we had no idea. if we known, we wouldn't have stayed. do you know the trauma my wife and i are going to? we are constantly on medication.
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do you know how scary it is to be shot at, even once? they were shooting the whole time. >> how could dozens of heavily armed fighters into a residential area unnoticed? that's the question everyoenty - theories. this local resident is the former head of the military just the country's military intelligence agency. he considers it highly unlikely that the authorities knew nothing. vladimir: this is supposed to have been a terror attack, but no terror group can achieve its goal without backing from the local population. here in kumanovo, there's no
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support for such a thing. i live in this area. the relationships between ethnic groups are extremely good. >> could the government have known about the attack before it happened? mohammed, head of the mainly albanian language broadcaster, believes it did. he is one of the most prominent voices speaking out in favor of equality between macedonians and albanians. mohamed: nobody wanted to see what happened in kumanovo, apart from the government. they wanted to distract public in order to spread panic and there. nobody believed such a thing could happen. >> that view is shared by many here in kumanovo. over the last few months, revelations of corruption and abuse within the prime
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minister's government have been part of the daily order. it's coming under increasing pressure. public anger is mounting. >> this was a major event designed to distract people from the spying scandal and all the other revelations. >> my next-door neighbors are albanians. we get along great. we visit one another. we are friends. we cannot allow this way of life to be destroyed. >> i'm albanian. he's macedonian. people stop at both our shores. we ordinary people live together normally. that will be a hundred dinar. >> many macedonians are struggling to make ends meet. the country is one of the poorest in europe. unemployment is high. a group of schoolchildren has come to lay flowers in their ruin neighborhood -- villains
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neighborhood. any attempt to divide ethnic groups here has failed. -- a group of schoolchildren has come to lay flowers in their ruined neighborhood. macedonians and albanians are more united than ever, this time against the government. damien: paris may still be the center of high fashion, but new french law is aiming to bring one aspect of the fashion industry back down to earth. they want to discourage labels from using painfully thin models on the catwalk aiming to fight anorexia. but will it work? to find out, we've met up with one young model who has managed to overcome her own eating disorder. >> louise is enjoying life again and food. that was not the case a few years ago. at 14, she suffered from anorexia and had to be hospitalized.
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she was dangerously thin, weighing just 34 kilos. >> i felt alone, cut out from everyone. six months of my life are gone. i'm still sad about that. >> for these women, too, being thin is everything. they are role models for teenage girls. women who are one meter 80 tall have to tarve themselves to stay thin. >> in the 1980's, fashion model's still had a shapely figure, like naomi campbell, linda evangelista. they were stars, and they did what they wanted. they called the shots. some people in the industry did not like that. today, women are used like clothes hangers.
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>> that has had a terrible effect. a number of fashion models have died of anorexia. one of the first was anna caroline arrest on from brazil. as a 13-year-old, she was discovered in a beauty contest. by 22, she had starved herself to death. nowadays, extreme thinness for models is the norm. that's also true for louise and her trends. the trend is a win, boyish figure. -- thin, boyish figure. >> those pictures show what i was like back then. i lost myself. these women have a blank and empty look to them. that's what i felt like, too. >> psychologists say images such as these are harmful to girls and young women. >> these pictures in which women no longer look feminine and alluring promote anorexia.
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these women don't want to seduce anyone. quite the opposite. these images appeal to girls who are at risk and encourage imitation. they give girls ideas about what they can do with their bodies. >> anorexia rates among girls have doubled over the past 20 years. that's why the french parliament has stepped in, adopting an amendment that bounds the employment of ultrathin models. french modeling agencies now must document that their models meet certain weak standards based on height. -- certain weight standards based on height. she will not be affected by the new law -- she is a plus size model. she's proud of her success and has no plans to lose weight. >> i make many women happy. they feel better when they see me, and that's very moving to me. i get many letters from men and
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women who thanked me because i help them feel more alive and more beautiful. >> but she is an exception. there are only a handful of a size models in france, and they usually work for lower end labels, whose customers tend to be full figured themselves. for fashion guru karl lagerfeld, that's not an option. he's attracted controversy with his statements that women with curves are out, completely unfashionable. that's why most objection -- most agencies object to the new law -- they are afraid of opposition from dinner models from agencies abroad -- inner models -- thinner models from agencies abroad. >> fashion agencies can turn to milan, munich, or hedberg. if a model cannot work in france, she will be booked in another country and then flown to paris. >> but louise likes the new law.
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she says it's an important statement. >> it sends a clear limit. it's important to see it directly, to show how dangerous it is to lose too much weight. and to make that official in a law. >> she has won her battle against anorexia. she has also written a book about her experiences. now she wants to focus on her future and graduating from high school, but there's one thing she's learned already -- her health is irreplaceable. damien: it does seem crazy that a lot of the clothes we see on the catwalks would be impossible for any average has wanted to give and get into, but can the law change attitudes? get in touch with me on twitter, e-mail, and they spoke and let me know what you think about that. now to hungary where some rule areas are suffering severely run depopulation. many young people leaving to find work.
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the mayor of one small village has decided to fight this by pulling in tourists, which also proved difficult until he came up with a rather ingenious idea, which was a lot more radical than blueprinting out rooms -- then simply renting out rooms. >> most one-time residents have moved away. the village in western hungary has moved away. there's no work and nothing else to keep people here. at first glance, it looks like any number of hand jerry and villages that are dying a slow death, but megyer is different because it has its village mayor on its side. he could not stand by and do nothing, so he decided to rent it out. kristof: we are one-of-a-kind in hungary. you cannot rent a village anywhere else. rooms, homes, flats can be found anywhere. i think we have a really great business idea. >> a few buildings still need renovating.
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he shows us the ones already being rented out. renters get to use seven homes that can sleep 39 people. but what can they do when they are awake equity line >> nothing, fresh air, relaxation, peace and quiet -- that's what people get here. >> as well as for streets, a bus stop, and for an extra fee, a street side with their name on it. guests are arriving this evening. the guests are young people. they served a welcome drink. the girls will also together. those are the rules set down by the parents who are paying for the party.
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>> i will party with the girls and guys. it will be cool. >> food and wine are included in the price. the next morning, the mayor and his helpers are once again working to make megyer a nicer place. they drink a toast to the future of their village, when they hope looks bright. -- one they hope looks bright. damien: one of the biggest issues europe a struggling with at the moment is how to deal with a growing influx of refugees. many europeans say it's a moral issue for people fleeing war and oppression to be granted asylum in the eu, but others believe large numbers of asylum seekers are too much of a financial burden. either way, the numbers are growing. compared to the size of its population, it's sweden which takes in most refugees, and in
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some parks of the country, local residents hope the new arrivals could help revitalize a flagging economy, but for the refugees themselves, a new life out in the woods of the chilly north, things are not so easy. >> mohammed has plenty of time to go walking with his daughter. back in syria, he worked as a chef. now he lives with other asylum-seekers on the side of a former ironworks. there's only one store in the area, but it is expensive, and he can barely afford to buy anything. >> that's a very hard thing to them, to be away. where already awake, in the middle of nowhere, actually. >> he ended up here in the swedish countryside, having led from damascus. apart from the ironworks, this little else in the area.
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houses at the former ironworks accommodate some 200 asylum-seekers. most of them from syria or eritrea. without a residency permit, they cannot work. they are left with no choice but to wait it out. most people do not want to appear on camera. finally, a soldier who deserted from the eritrean army agrees to show us around. >> first off, we have to be accepted by the capital. then, we have to get education. >> as the residence manager, amy is never short of things to do. she's employed by a private company, not by local authorities. her employer operates accommodation centers for asylum-seekers all over sweden. a qualified nurse as well as a local, she's had to be doing meaning all work.
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>> as long as we can look after them and offer a tolerable life, they are more than welcome, but it would be that of so many came that they fell under the radar and no one cared for them. right now, the situation is good. we can provide accommodation and everything else. >> he drives a school bus in the region and every week takes residence to a village. most of them cannot afford public transportation. today's destination is a church-run store. it sells cheap secondhand clothing. >> the more people who come, the more the region will do. they need to get their hair done and go to the dentist, too. we profit from more choice, too. more companies will open here. i hope, at least. >> at first glance, it presents
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an idyllic picture of rural life, but jobs here are scarce. the young move away to the cities. could the arrival of migrants help buck the trend? immigration offices are opening up all over sweden. last year, the company took in 81,000 500 asylum applicants, five times as many as a decade ago. immigration officials often struggle to provide migrants with accommodation. turning people down is not an option. >> local authorities don't have enough space. we have to enter the free market. neither we nor the local authorities can decide where the accommodation is located or which company will operate it. >> once we, they come to teach migrants swedish.
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many who do get residency permits end up moving to cities and often live in poor conditions. the search for work can be a headache to. those who have yet to be notified spend their days waiting for the post to come. mohammed with his four-week old daughter are among them. >> any big city away from this small village -- there's nothing here. >> the pride of their parents, their mother, a lawyer, does not to be filmed, but she tells us that one day, she hopes her daughters will enjoy a better life.
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damien: finally, to london where the annual chelsea flower show is showing the very best of the great british of session, the well-tended garden, but now it seems some of the gardens are under threat from the growing number of foxes who have decided they also quite like living in london. thought that more than 10,000 wild foxes now live in the capital, and they are accused of living in gardens, rummaging and -- rummaging rubbish for food, so now, some are taking arms. >> ryan and marilyn's garden is their private joy. like many english couples, they take great pains to cultivate their lawns and plants, but danger is lurking in the underbrush. just when things are starting to bloom so nicely. still, they are determined to defend their territory against the fox.
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>> he will come from the other side, jump over the ends, and go to the front of the pond. quite often, he will walk along here and urinate on th grass so that we end up with a really brown patches on the lawn. >> for those who are used to having perfectly manicured lawns, that just won't do. roy courtney has a license to kill and a .22 caliber rifle. he says it's just the thing to handle marilyn's fox problem. roy: people encounter them in their homes. they are worried about the children being at home with a fox trapped indoors or coming into the house. some people have also said that their pets have been killed. cats.
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so, you know, yeah, we are just dealing with it. >> we decided to do some foxhunting of our own, using the tools of the trade, and captured an amazing amount of prey on gnome. london is thought to boast more urban foxes than doubled the buses -- double-decker buses, and they have become tame. recently, one was even spotted on downing street. better there than on the brass' lawn. there fox's days are numbered. ray courtney is a window washer and moonlights as a hunter. hunting foxes for sport is officially banned in britain, but killing those crossing your property is still legal. >> a few people that love them and feed them and want to keep them. we're not looking to eradicate them. we're just looking to get rid of the problem foxes.
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>> this is the time of year when talks is give birth to their young, so workers at the fox project charity in london have their hands full. terry woods is devoted to helping foxes. fluffy is being treated for saarc optic mange, but he will soon be cured and returned to the wild. he will be released where he was found, as rocks is a territorial animals. >> as towns expand, the foxes learned that being around us is an easy way to make a living, although a fox will always be wild, and it will always go back to hunting its own food, scavenging, whatever. they don't need us. >> but then, terry woods is called to rescue a fox that really does need help. he has to crawl deep into the bushes where the fox has hold up after being hit by a car.
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the animal does not put up any resistance. that's a bad sign. roy: -- terry: i think it's got a broken back just here where it meets the pelvis. >> will he make it? terry: my instinct tells me know. >> meanwhile, under the cover of darkness, fox hunter roy courtney takes a position. dressed in camouflage, he's carrying his 22 caliber rifle with a night vision scope and silencer. the neighbors must not know he's here because they like foxes. maryland: they think they are beautiful, which they are, to look at, and they feed them every day. in fact, they feed them in the evenings. they started feeding them sausage rolls.
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>> roy courtney has the fox in his sights. he fires. and then fires again. but the fox gets away, at least for tonight. damien: the poor old fox. he appears to be a lot craftier than the guys with the guns. that's it for today. thanks for watching. remember, do get in touch anytime on twitter, e-mail, or facebook. it's always great to hear from you. feel free to let us know what you liked or what you did not like. in the meantime, it's goodbye from me. see you next time. [captioning performed by the national captioning institute, which is responsible for its caption content and accuracy. visit ncicap.org] gyxqñqrqyqiqiqñq
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hello there, welcome to "newsline." it's tuesday, june 2nd, i'm catherine kobayashi in tokyo. rescue workers in southern china are searching for passengers of a ship that sank in the yangtze river. the ship caught a gust of wind monday night and capsized. the vessel was headed to a southwestern city and sank a depth of about 15 meters. the authorities launched rescue operations for about 450 passengers and crew members. eight people have so far been

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