>> hello and a very warm welcome to global 3000, where this week we'll be covering one particular battle in the fight to curb a global epidemic. no, we're not talking about a disease. this epidemic is a man-made outbreak of violence against women. that's just one of the stories coming up on the program. learning made fun -- how radio-lessons are shaking-up the classroom in pakistan. within the privacy of their own four walls, brazilian women take steps to protect themselves from domestic violence. barren, salty soil -- senegal's

farmers work together to make their land fertile once more. education is a fundamental human right and essential for the exercise of all other human rights. that's why in the second of its eight millennium goals, the un made a symbolic pledge to guarantee universal access to elementary education. whilst some progress has been made, almost 60 million children worldwide are still without schooling. nigeria's children are worst-served, with pakistan coming an unenviable second. 5.5 million pakistani children -- a disproportionate number of them girls -- have no access to education. one woman, however, is determined to change that. her name is fakhira najib and she is the founder of an ambitious project which is using radio-lessons to not only educate, but challenge children and teachers alike.

plenty of shouting and lots of action, right in the middle of lessons. recently that would have been unthinkable in pakistan's classrooms. but this device brought a transformation. the children are miming words they hear on the radio. like the word "airplane." these primary school children are learning english vocabulary by playing games -- enthusiastically. here in rural pakistan it amounts to a minor revolution. fun never used to be on jamshaid khan's lesson plan. jamshaid kahn: we never used to have games during lessons. but now we have pantomime, ball games and rhymes. that's a big advance for us teachers, but especially for the children, who really have fun.

>> it's fun with a purpose. usually girls in the traditional textbooks cook, clean and iron. so the interactive radio program is also trying to overcome stereotypes. in addition to vocabulary, it's teaching gender equality. for many teachers, it's a huge adjustment -- especially in rural areas where people tend to be conservative. school principal mir ahmad had to campaign for the innovative teaching method for a long time among teaching staff and parents. mir ahmad: our local language is urdu, but our official language is english. that means english is spoken in offices. so only those who learn english will have success later on. >> former teacher fakhira najib invented the new concept. she travels constantly around

the country to win over more schools for her project. every class gets its own radio for free. the project's founder drummed up donations to bring progress to pakistan's classrooms -- no easy task in a country where men have the say. but she's often been able to convince school principals that her idea is viable. fakhira najib: we'd never feel that they are doing something for us or we are doing something for them. we always feel that we were working together -- and we are on the same page, and we are working for the same cause. i'm really excited whenever i come to schools to see the teachers, how they are working, and the children, how they're enjoying and taking interest in their school, in their classroom activities. i really enjoy it. >> behind closed curtains and separated from the male teachers, fakhira najib instructs the women on how to use the interactive radio program.

for the women, who until now have known only conventional classroom teaching methods, it's a completely new experience. especially in remote provinces, fakhira has to do a lot of convincing. it helps that she used to be a teacher herself, so she knows the problems the participants have to cope with. but once they accept the experiment, most are enthusiastic. they practise role playing. here they're learning the word "broom." the male teachers are a bit sceptical at first. but fakhira's team take their time. after three hours of training, all inhibitions have been overcome. the men enthusiastically practice english greetings.

>> good morning, good morning. how are you? >> at first, teacher jamshaid khan had doubts about the new method. but the course changed his mind. now he's a real fan. jamshaid khan: the course was very good, because we teachers have become more self-confident. we've learned a lot and they've prepared us well for the interactive program. last year we weren't secure enough. besides, we've now been able to exchange methods and information among ourselves that helped me a lot. quirks nowads his lessons

always end with a song in english. even a few months ago that would have been unimaginable. and if you need proof of the urgency of gender-inclusive educational programs, then look no further than the shockingly high global incidence of violence against women. one in three women worldwide has been either sexually or physically assaulted. half of all fatal attacks are perpetrated by an intimate partner or family member. in brazil alone, an average of 15 women per day die as a direct consequence of domestic violence. now a new law is seeking to make women's lives safer, and it's being backed up by practical measures on the ground. >> the last resort: a panic button. the alarm goes off in the city of vítoria's police operations centre. information on the victim and suspected perpetrator appear immediately on the monitors

and on the cellphones of officers on the beat. within 10 minutes, police are on the scene. edvandro sipolatti: in more than 70 percent of cases we catch the attacker. those are good results for protecting women. >> it's a pilot project in the city with the highest rate of violence against women in brazil. the authorities in vitória have distributed a hundred panic buttons to women under threat. since the project began in 2013, buttons have been activated more than 20 times. greicy esteves never leaves the house without hers. she's afraid of her former husband. greicy esteves soares: he hit me in the face, once so hard that i lost a tooth. another time i tried to use my

arm to protect myself and he dislocated it. >> since she's been wearing a panic button around her neck, she feels safe. she's never pushed it, but it's worked as a deterrent. greicy esteves soares: when i showed him the panic button, he drew back. my daughter then went to him to speak with him. he kept his distance. just the fact that i have this device with me made him back off. he saw that i had the power to alert the police immediately. >> domestic violence is a plague in latin america, and women live more dangerously in brazil than in almost any other country in the world. every year, more than 120,000 brazilian women receive medical treatment because of domestic violence. and every year more than 5000 women are murdered by someone

close to them, usually their husband or ex-husband. the government is trying to counter that with campaigns, activities and more stringent laws. a law has been passed providing tough penalties for the new crime of femicide, murdering a woman. president dilma rousseff has just signed it. dilma rousseff: the statistics are shocking. these numbers show that women in brazil are subject to unacceptable violence -- in all social classes, on the streets, at work, in schools, but mainly at home. we have to fight that. >> in future, brazilian courts can punish femicide with up to 30 years of prison, far more than for murder in general, which carries a maximum penalty of only 20 years.

but judges specializing in domestic violence know legislation alone can't change a society, because behind the cases of violence against women lies a deep-seated machismo. clésia cunha:the brazilian man is a macho. he sees women as objects. brazilian women have achieved a lot and reached high positions in many different professions, but many men still think they own a woman's body -- the owners of women. >> the man is the master of the house. francisco was long convinced of that. and became violent time and again, especially when he was drunk.

even today, the roles are clearly defined between him and his wife. he sits at the table she's laid, she does the cooking. but francisco has now at least understood that he can't beat up his wife. francisco das chagas santos: i used to hit my wife, until one day she reported me to the police. i was furious. now i'm glad she did it. >> natal, in the north-east of the country, was the first city in brazil that did more than impose tough penalties. since 2012, violent men like francisco are required to attend anti-aggression courses, to learn how to deal with their feelings. some of these men didn't even know hitting their wives was a punishable offence.

for them the ten-week course was a cultural shock -- one the courts sentenced them to. érica canuto: in some cases a prison sentence is necessary, but in all cases we have to convince men to reflect on their behaviour, so they change themselves. carla, francisco's wife says he has changed. he hasn't hit her since he finished the course. so far, none of the other 150 participants have re-offended either. carla de oliveira: i used to give him so many chances, but it didn't help. not until i decided to report him did things change. if i'd done it earlier, my life would have been much better. >> panic buttons for women, anti-aggression courses for men:

they're small first steps. brazil's struggle against domestic violence and machismo will be a long one. >>to africa now as we zoom in on an area of western senegal which should, on the face of it, be fertile. after all, the land in question borders a national park renowned for its rich biodiversity. nevertheless, farmers here are struggling to make a living. climate change is making the soil ever dryer and added to that, the felling of mangrove trees along the atlantic coast has left it vulnerable to encroaching salinization. now, a pilot project sponsored by the international climate initiative is helping local farmers to improve the quality of the land. >> rice and millet used to grow

here. now nothing does. salty water from the nearby ocean has contaminated the groundwater. el hadji ballé seye says ten percent of farmland in this region has been lost. el hadji ballé seye:the soil is denuded, completely saturated with salt. there are even certain parts that have acidified, which really shows how far salinization has intruded into this village. the village's name is pethie . and usually its residents gather on this square. the 450 villagers's way of life is steeped in tradition. whether they can continue to live here depends on whether further salinization can be prevented. el hadji ballé seye, from the international union for conservation of nature, wants to help.

the villagers live from what they can grow. right now, farmers are preparing this field for planting. this millet is left over from the last harvest. the women will later turn it into couscous. nowadays they have to buy other grains to add to it. diodio diouf: because of salinization we can't harvest enough rice anymore. what we picked used to last a year. but because of the salt, the soil is no longer good. still, we keep going. >> but for how long? like pethie, many villages in the region are threatened by salinization. we go with seye to the nearby national park in the sine saloum delta. he tells us that mangroves, which usually provide natural barriers, have been massively

clear-cut, and that's why the salt water from the atlantic is pushing into the delta. in addition, increasing droughts and flooding threaten the region. el hadji ballé seye: conserving these natural resources is crucial to the survival the populations of of these communities -- because all their socio-economic activities are based on those natural resources. agriculture, fishing, and livestock breeding are essential to these communities. so conserving this potential in terms of biodiversity is crucial for these communities' survival. >> but the ranger tells us even the protected national park is under threat. the park is renowned for its many birds. thousands of gulls live on the ile aux oiseaux. the island is an important breeding habitat for them. but their numbers are

decreasing. nicolas gomis:since last year, we've noticed that the island has deterioriated badly -- a great deal of erosion. if you walk a bit northwards you see that the belt of mangroves has been destroyed. >> when the environment is damaged, people also suffer. the next day, seye travels to pethie again. he's running a project here and in five other villages in which the communities build small damlike ridges called diguettes. they're meant to prevent salt from further permeating the soil and keep the fields from eroding. the diguettes also catch rainwater, adding fresh water to the ground water. el hadji ballé seye: we haven't yet studied the real impact of these structures in restoring the soil.

but we've found them to be interesting because they're not very expensive compared to those built for other projects. at the same time, this is a traditional technique. >> the villagers support the diguette-building, as well as reforestation, which is also part of the project. new plants improve the fields, because they stabilise the soil and protect it from wind erosion. el hadji ballé seye: it's true that the state has established a national park, and there are communal nature reserves. but we also want nature to recover on cultivated fields. >> but that doesn't always go smoothly. bringing an ecosystem back into balance demands compromise. water has to be shared,

livestock can't graze everywhere. protecting resources often means reducing consumption. that leads to conflicts of interest. problems are discussed at meetings like this one. a farmer complains that her cows can no longer graze freely, so they have less food and give less milk. this man says people have to understand other people's interests and that they should all stick together. agreeing on rules among themselves isn't easy, but they also have to be coordinated with the authorities and comply with the law.

el hadji ballé seye: sometimes there are conflicts between local customs and modern legislation. at this meeting, we're trying to bring these customary and modern laws into agreement, to arrive at a consensual document that permits us to regulate access to natural resources in a framework of peace and harmony. it's said that in the past kings were buried in this inconspicuous place. nowadays the residents of pethie come here to pray for rain for their crops. if they lose their livelihood and have to move away, it will mean a loss of cultural identity. >> now if you've been getting peckish as we near the end of the program, you'll be pleased to hear that it's time for global snack. this week we're off to indonesia where fast food is so fast that snack bars come on wheels!

what to order? we recommend meatball-soup with noodles! >> since the 1960s, the welcome monument has been greeting guests to jakarta. anyone lost in the confusion of the narrow lanes soon gets hungry. but that's no problem. indonesia is famed for its warungs -- small snack bars on wheels. sutiwin has been making bakso in his warung for thirty years. sutiwin: it's a fairly sweet dish. that's what's special about it. it tastes almost like jam. >> we'd like to know how it's made! sutiwin: you take fried noodles

and glass noodles, fried garlic, and spring onions. >> then sutiwin adds two teaspoons of sugar, and the unavoidable monosodium glutamate. but that's not all, is it? now come the sauces: first sambal. then ketjap manis, a very sweet soy sauce and freshly pureed chili peppers. now comes the main ingredient: meatballs made of chicken and beef in a spicy broth. while we were shooting, these two young men volunteered to taste the bakso for us.

and what do other customers say? customer: this snack is very popular with people here. it's tasty and cheap and has a sweet, hot flavor. >> a helping costs about 34 euro cents. after some twelve hours of work, sutiwin washes his utensils, tidies up a bit, and makes his way home to his family. >> do you have a favorite local snack you'd like to nominate for an upcoming edition of global 3000? take a look at some of these submissions to the show. if your snack's not in there,

then the chances are we've yet to discover it! drop us a line at global3000@dw.com or go to our facebook page to send us your suggestion. you could even win a fetching global snack apron. modelled here by muhammad schammin. he's so pleased with it, he even seems to wear it for walks in the forest. as, of course, could you! and that brings us to the end of another edition of global 3000. we're back again next week but if you'd like to find out more about the program in the meantime then go to our webpage dw.com/english/global3000. thank you very much for watching and -- until next time -- goodbye. [captioning performed by the national captioning institute, which is responsible for its caption content and accuracy. visit ncicap.org] çñ??wowowowowoc

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