anchor: this week, we visit the philippines. dolphins playing is a common sight. why is that? daily life in yemen is a battle for survival. it is forgotten by the world. businesses expect guarantees for investments they make abroad. if changes to a law disadvantage a company operating there, they want the right to sue the government. free trade agreements, like

ttip, want independent arbitration courts that bypass judiciaries and make decisions on their own authority. it gives companies too much power, say critics, placing power on democratically elected governments. there has been an increase in litigation. el salvador has to pay one company $300 million in damages. the company is not permitted to mine for gold there. romania has the same problem. >> these are images taken from central romania. it looks like a moonscape. this is the result of harmful copper mining practices that contaminated the region and buried an entire village. he witnessed the destruction of his home and he fears more

damage. some of the biggest deposits are thought to be under the ground here and the mining companies are itching to start extraction. >> this whole area will become a massive crater, right up to the mountains there. >> the canadian mining company has been wanting to start extraction here since the 1990's. ngo's and locals are opposed to the massive usage of cyanide to leech out the gold. >> cyanide is toxic and it has killed many. >> there have been many deaths caused by mining in romania. lawyers defended the residents in court and they won the case.

the relief was short-lived. in the chaos after the collapse of communism, romania signed bilateral treaties to protect investors. after not being able to start, they filed a lawsuit for lost profits up to $4 billion. >> this is a new thing for us. we are used to our litigations under the national legislation, the romanian national legislation. in most of the time, we have won lawsuits. arbitration is unpredictable. i am not sure that we can win. >> the case could end up being a good deal for gabriel resources.

a u.s. lawyer works with the tribunals. it is a lucrative business. >> it is a big ticket claim, generally. generally, investments into states by foreign investors involves a lot of money and a big damage recovery. to have it in the billions is kind of unusual. therefore, these claims have become interesting to funders. >> the controversial free-trade deals that are under negotiation by the eu and north america could bring private arbitration systems to other parts of europe. this is why there have been protests all over the continent. protesters have criticized the courts that would allow the

companies to sue governments over losses of profits. there are tough negotiations going on in brussels and the u.s. is in favor of private arbitration. many in the eu have doubts. the german economy minister has called for an interpretive. -- an alternative. >> i would say that a new system has to include an open tribunal with public judges and transparency, as we are familiar with from traditional constitutional law. >> these are the demands that the european union has taken into account with regards to cta. the critics are not impressed with the solution found. >> it is still a parallel jurisdiction.

the investment court system will still only be for investors. in my opinion, the trade tribunal is symbolic. it violates european law and i do not think the courts of justice will accept it. >> moreover, the tribunal will not be established. the existing tribunals have become lucrative for so many around the world. >> the last few years, the cases against foreign states have grown a great deal. it is taking, under the treaties that exist and what will exist under trade agreements being negotiated, more claims being

asserted by investors against more countries. >> like the gabriel resources claim against the romanian state. a claim he cannot fathom. >> there is a judiciary in romania. there are civil courts and criminal courts, like every country. in other countries, i have to follow the loss there. i do not have to sue at international level in an arbitration court. >> the mining company that has failed to create another moons cape in romania may be able to cash in by going to the government. if this becomes a reality, these cases could become widespread across the eu. >> 16 years of the millennium and life.

global travels around the world to meet teens born in 2000. >> i'm crazy about dance. >> what makes windows ra' -- buenos aries worth living in? join in on our webpage. >> i am 16. >> i am millennium. >> my name is gideon. i am a resident of this village. i am a pastoralist.

we walk animals from village to village. i have eight siblings. it is a way of pride and making one wealthy. my father had one wife. he was blessed with many children. my father passed away when i was young and my mother had no way to earn. now, she is the breadwinner of the family.

my primary level, i studied at a school 100 meters behind me. at secondary, it is about 50 kilometers from here. so, they sent me back a cousin of lack of -- back because of lack of fees. when i went home, i went to look for work. i am the one who protects the animals during the night from being attacked. i want to study the law. i want to be employed as a

lawyer to protect the land and our wildlife. i am happy to see my siblings, my relatives, and society taking children to the school. i know the future depends on education. anchor: never before have so many been forcibly displaced. 60 million are fleeing war and persecution. most are internally displaced, which is the situation in yemen.

the border to saudi arabia is closed. >> refugees inside of their own borders. yemen, the poorest of nations. they seek to survive a war they do not understand. he spent an entire day searching for his son. it was pulverized by missiles from a saudi war airplane. the suffering shows on their faces. >> we have no access to the essential things. we have no shelter. no edible food. no aid organizations. no one has offered a helping hand. >> he is a leader of 48 families that fled. none of them can afford the cost of shelter.

he does what he can to care for those most in need. he suffers from a chronic blood disease and needs to see a doctor. he lives with his parents and siblings. the area is a breeding ground for poisonous snakes, scorpions, and centipedes. a pot of tea is the only luxury they can afford and they often go to bed hungry. they would like to move onto safer quarters. >> i have nothing more to give to my family, not even milk. this bread is all we have. no one will care for us. >> he has a fever and he is

weak. his joints are swollen and he is in constant pain. he finally brought his son to the hospital. no one could help. they are trying again with him. the condition is deteriorating. they have secured a small vehicle to take him where they will demand to see a doctor. the round-trip costs about 10 euros. the entire tribe has continued -- has contributed. the parents are penniless. yemen is a failed state where militias are fighting. powerful tribe's take on the government, which is waging war against al qaeda.

tribes have gained massive territory and influence. strategic targets, like bridges, government buildings, -- a year of fighting has reduced much of the capital to rubble. unesco has put it on a list of the most endangered world heritage sites. finally, the group reaches the hospital. it is a moment of truth. a doctor tells them that he is suffering from a highly dangerous blood disease.

the first symptoms were evident when he was six months old. further testing is needed and it could take days. red blood cells are being destroyed and they clot, causing inflammation and pain. the child's chances of survival are slim. he whispers that he is hungry. there is no bread to eat. the doctor says that all she can do is prescribe something to ease the pain and an antibiotic to reduce the swelling and fever. the sheik goes to the pharmacy.

it becomes obvious the medication is unavailable. having lost all hope, he does not even bother taking back the prescription. the frustrated pharmacist vents her anger. >> they have lost everything and we have nothing to offer them, absolutely nothing, not even general antibiotics, not to mention the serious cases. my heart breaks every time. >> we refugees are marginalized in our own country and saudi arabia enforces a blockade by land and air and our children will die. >> the most powerful man in the tribe is powerless to help the child. it will take a miracle to keep the five-year-old alive.

anchor: to the global ideas series, where we meet people looking to preserve biodiversity. the philippines is made up of 7600 islands. what can be done to better protect the waters around them? it is a challenging situation and it is bearing good ideas. our reporter went to take a closer look at the marine conservation there. this giant clam is still young and it will grow bigger, one day

weighing 100 kilos. many of the bivalves are endangered species. they are safe in the tanon st rait. the area has been a marine wildlife reserve for 20 years. it is 160 kilometers long. the oyster fisherman is able to feed four with what he earns from the catch and he is glad the water is safe. >> it is important to protect the water. we need it for our livelihood. we have to ensure the corals are not harmed or destroyed. >> there is plenty of food for the hundreds of whales and dolphins that use this as the resting ground.

14 types have been spotted here. a lot of money is needed to protect them. biofin advises governments on how to protect. there is plenty of work to be done in the philippines. >> everybody has to be in in biodiversity conservation. there is a big space for aligning the budget, so that the agency will be able to cool operate and coordinate. >> at the moment, this part of the coast is only guarded by

three boats, not enough to stop the blast fishing, which kills all organisms and destroys habitats. the rangers are doing their best to replant coral in degraded areas. it would be better to put an end to fishing with dynamite. there are not enough rangers and they are poorly equipped. >> we received threats when we report illegal fishermen. they threatened to kill us a lot. >> wildlife conservation is complicated in the philippines. many make their living from fishing. 20 million survive on less than two dollars a day.

the city would like to attract more affluent tourists who would like to see dolphins. critics of the conservation plan say it does not go far enough. >> we have to know that ecosystems are connected. this city protects their environment. the others in the strait do not do their homework, making it useless. >> the structures are complicated. there are over 40 administrations and over 400 sit on the wildlife management board. >> they have 400 different visions and the challenge is to narrow that to one to protect to the strait.

>> a few kilometers away, seaweed is grown. locals in a village have set up a cooperative. this year's harvest was bad. the farmers say that it was too warm and they place the blame on climate change. >> before, you could get 1000 kilos of seaweed. so, you get 40000. now, i only get half and that is not enough.

>> so, they have tried different kinds of techniques and earned praise that they are environmentally friendly. >> in order for us to move from unsustainable resource management, we need to identify seaweed farming. >> people continue to fish. not as much and not with dynamite. the dolphins could provide a source of income. the city would like a share of the profits of the dolphins tours. organizing dolphin tours that would not harass the dolphins creates a challenge. it would also be dangerous

without additional funding. >> what is important for a developing country is to put the value. it is an economic value. that is what matters. >> biofin estimates -- is needed to protect the biodiversity in the strait. anchor: that is all from global 3000. we hope to see you next week and you can visit us online at any time. we want to hear from you. write to us.

steves: while dedicating a month of your life to walk the camino may be admirable, it doesn't work for everyone. but any traveler can use this route as a sightseeing spine and as an opportunity to appreciate some of the joys and lessons that come with being a pilgrim. just 5 miles before the spanish border stands the french basque town of st. jean-pied-de-port. traditionally, santiago-bound pilgrims would gather here to cross the pyrenees and continue their march through spain. visitors to this popular town are a mix of tourists and pilgrims. at the camino office, pilgrims check in before their long journey to santiago. they pick up a kind of pilgrim's passport.

they'll get it stamped at each stop to prove they walked the whole way and earned their compostela certificate. walking the entire 500-mile-long route takes about five weeks. that's about 15 miles a day, with an occasional day of rest. the route is well-marked with yellow arrows and scallop shells. the scallop shell is the symbol of both st. james and the camino. common on the galician coast, the shells were worn by medieval pilgrims as a badge of honor to prove they made it. the traditional gear has barely changed -- a gourd for drinking water, just the right walking stick, and a scallop shell dangling from each backpack. the slow pace and need for frequent rest breaks provide plenty of opportunity for reflection, religious and otherwise. for some, leaving behind a stone

symbolizes unloading a personal burden. the first person to make this journey was st. james himself. after the death and resurrection of christ, the apostles traveled far and wide to spread the christian message. supposedly, st. james went on a missionary trip from the holy land all the way to this remote corner of northwest spain. according to legend, in the year 813, st. james' remains were discovered in the town that would soon bear his name. people began after a 12th-century pope decreed that the pilgrimage could earn forgiveness for your sins, the popularity of the camino de santiago soared. the camino also served a political purpose. it's no coincidence that the discovery of st. james' remains happened when muslim moors controlled most of spain. the whole phenomenon of the camino helped fuel the european passion to retake spain and push the moors back into africa. but by about 1500,

with the dawn of the renaissance and the reformation, interest in the camino died almost completely. then, in the 1960s, a handful of priests re-established the tradition. the route has since enjoyed a huge resurgence, with 100,000 pilgrims trekking the santiago each year.

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