michelle: hello, and a very warm welcome to "focus on europe." i'm michelle henery. they showed -- a shock has taken hold of europe. what many had thought impossible has happened -- britain has voted to leave the european union. leave supporters cheer. the remain camp is heartbroken. prime minister cameron announces his resignation. david cameron goal is i love -- david cameron: i love this country and i feel honored to have served it. michelle: cameron has gambled and lost, the referendum has left not a united but a deeply divided kingdom. welcome to this special post-referendum edition of "focus on europe" in which the u.k. decided to forever change its relationship with the european union.

the outcome of the vote was tight -- 48 %said they wanted to remain in the european union while 52% chose to leave. the so called brexiteers edging out the vote by a narrow lead - a decision that had and will continue to have tremendous consequences. here, we go to cornwall, which had a clear leave majority, mainly due to its fishing industry. for decades, local fishermen felt threatened by eu fishing restrictions and regulations, which they feel caused a decline of their industry and livelihood. now they hope for a brighter future on these unchartered waters. reporter: these people in cornwall are celebrating their traditional summer festival, not the brexit. they don't let politics spoil their good mood. everyone has good reason to raise a glass, whether they won or lost the referendum.

56% of the people in this remote area on britain's west coast voted to leave the e.u. that's more than the country's average. in the harbor town of newlyn, the fishermen in particular resent brussels. they regard the e.u. fishing quotas as pure harassment. they say the french steal their fish and now they finally have their sea back. mick mahon: bye, bye, brussels. now we'll be able to spend our own money on what we want to. and we'll stop giving money to waste on all the things brussels wastes their money on -- the french farming industry. and we haven't seen anything out of it. no benefit. peter buckland: i'm surprised at how many did vote for it. and it worked. what happens from now on, nobody

knows it. it's early days. we'll see how it goes. it can't get any worse. reporter: turbot, mackerel, and cod -- in newlyn, everything revolves around fishing, as if there were no other issues in europe. even though the new ice-flaking machine was paid for with eu subsidies, the workers here are relieved at the result of the referendum. they think the only ones who will be hurt are the bankers and bosses in london. ryan mitchell: a lot of londoners and major cities want to stay in europe, but it's obviously the fringe counties away from the major cities that want out. we're the ones that are struggling more and they seem to be getting everything, you know? it should be a lot better for cornwall, for definite, and especially for newlyn. reporter: others are less optimistic. alex lake is bewildered. for more than 15 years, she has

supervised e.u. projects in cornwall. in that time, the e.u. has poured about a billion euros in subsidies into the region -- to fuel new economic fields like handicrafts, media, and the digital industry. now alex is worried about more than her own job. she sees the rural region's whole structural transformation endangered. alex lake: the people often say, i haven't had any european funding, but we drive on european roads and we use a european airport. we use a european-funded port, and you use a superfast broad-band website, which has been installed with european money. and so it's never directly given to an individual, but it paid for the structure, the infrastructure that allows you to do business with the rest of the world. we drive to the neighboring town, hayle, where alex works on a major eu project. generating energy from the ocean, for example with wave energy plants -- cornwall was to

become a pioneer. the brand new technology park was opened only a few weeks ago. the e.u. provided 15 million euros in funding. alex lake: if the uk is out of europe, remote regions like this will remain insignificant. there are bigger priorities to our uk government, and to the politicians that are in our uk government, than a small region with a small population at the end of the country. reporter: most people in newlyn don't see this danger. they are deeply embedded in their traditional way of life. jamie maclean is a cook in his own restaurant. he voted for the brexit because he expected that, without e.u. fishing quotas and regulations, fish would become cheaper. but now he's not so certain. jamie maclean: to be honest, it came as a shock. i mean, i voted out, but i thought i'd be in a minority. so for me personally, you know,

i was actually quite shocked by the t vote. i didn't think it would happen. i wouldn't describe myself as particularly happy about it. there's a lot of uncertainty. so now the hard work really begins, you know. i don't think it's something to celebrate, it's something to think about and to start working towards the future. reporter: it's clear what cornwall's fishermen plan to do -- work harder, so they can export more fish to france and spain, without interference from brussels. bill jelbert: well, just hopefully everything's looked at a little bit clearer and a bit more fairly. it's actually somebody in our country making the rules instead of somebody in another country, you know? somebody making the rules about the waters they know nothing about. see what happens from here. reporter: but the brexit already has a down side for the fishermen. newlyn's harbor was going to be modernized with e.u. funding. and that won't be happening now.

michelle: many people - both inside and out of britain - ask why? why vote leave? in the run up to the vote, experts tried to discuss technical details. but plain facts often got lost in attempts to stir the public's emotions and fears. much of the discussion over brexit boiled down to immigration. about three million people from across the e.u. have already settled in britain. the town of boston in central england, saw the highest leave vote in the uk with 3/4 voting for brexit. more than 10% of its population are from mainland europe. migrants there, like agnes and zbigniew, are worried that the vote means they are no longer welcome in their own home. reporter: the small town of boston in eastern england has long had close international links. in the early 17th century,

pilgrims started out from here for the united states. today, migrants are coming to boston, mainly young people from eastern europe. zbigniew is from poland. he is an instructor at the town's karate club. when the weather's good he trains with his polish friends outside, on the edge of town. zbigniew godzisz: our main purpose is self-development through karate training. we always try to be better every day than the day before. tomorrow will be the same, we will try to be better than today. reporter: keep moving forward, that's zbigniew's approach to life. he and his wife agnes came here 13 years ago. their son, patrick, was born in england. they started off working in a factory but now both have jobs in management. and like many of their friends, they've bought a house here. agnes: work hard as much as

possible, save as much as possible. some of them they will be back to poland. i know a lot of my friends now, they settled here, they've got own houses here. they call england home, really. reporter: around 10% of people in boston now come from eastern europe. overall, there are some three million e.u. migrants in britain. far too many, say the eurosceptics. 75% of the people in boston voted to leave the e.u. -- a clear stance against their foreign-born neighbors. >> exit the european union. brian rush: people are being drawn here because of our high rate of benefits. we earned those benefits. we earned the right. we re-invested in ourselves, that's why this country is a great country. >> what can we lose? >> what have we lost? >> we've lost a lot. all our industries are gone. it's not britain no more, is it?

>> it's too much a mixed bag. and we are attracting too many people. yes, the wrong people, the wrong kind. reporter: the voices of the brexit supporters and their populist arguments have prevailed. [laughter] reporter: agnes and zbigniew are disappointed. although they are naturalized british citizens, they feel less welcome now than ever -- like many others. agnes godzisz: so it's quite difficult, it is scary, to be honest. zbigniew godzisz: i tried to explain them that it's not, the european union is not just about the immigration. it is such a big thing and you can't just look at the one point and make that important decision, which will affect the next generations. reporter: at st. mary's church, mass is now also held in polish. zbigniew and his family come every week. since the referendum, they've faced hostility. the church's priest thinks

that's unfair -- after all, the immigrant families have contributed to britain's economy for many years. stanislaw kowalski: because we came here with education, with culture, and people are ready to work, they pay taxes. and yes, i think we enrich this youand yes, i think we enrich this country. in a reporter: boston is in the county of lincolnshire, a rural, largely agricultural area. initially, farmers were keen to hire seasonal workers. many more followed, which led to increased numbers of immigrants an from eastern europe. many who have not yet become you british citizens are now unsure if they'll be able to stay. agnes godzisz: i think they are panicking right now, to be honest. it depends how long you are here. if you are here. if you are here longer time, probably you might be secured. zbigniew godzisz: i think that the main problem they got is the lack of information.

they don't know what is going to in happen. because nobody said what is their plan going forward with this situation. and it is a big question mark. reporter: agnes and zbigniew in a want to stay in boston, and work for good relations between the polish community and the rest of the town. in his karate club, zbigniew i works with children from 10 different nations -- including britain. zbigniew: community integration is possible. agnes: england is made up from immigrants, it is not only england, the whole world is changing right now, so we have to be prepared. reporter: both believe that britain would be worse off without the migrants from eastern europe. my and boston, like many small english towns, would suffer both economically and culturally. michelle: while in england the campaign to leave the e.u. had a

lot of momentum and resulted in a clear majority for a brexit, u north in scotland, it was a completely different story. an overwhelming 62% in scotland voted to remain in the eu. and if scotland's first minister gets her way, the country may do just that. two years ago, scotland held a vote to secede from britain, but it failed. the outcome of the e.u. referendum has left many scots wondering if that was a mistake. reporter: centuries ago, stirling was the scene of some major scottish battles for independence from england. in a sense, that history may be playing out again, at least more peacefully this time. nothing says scottish heritage like bagpipes. alan waldron makes them, and loves playing them. but ever since the brexit referendum, he's felt the wind knocked out of him. alan waldron: i was completely shocked -- i thought we'd remain in. you would be a big problem, and

enormous headache. i'm annoyed. for me personally, i'd much rather we stayed in. reporter: a glance at his workshop explains his disappointment. the customers for whom he's building these instruments with fine african wood come from all over europe. he's concerned about the impact brexit could have on his business. alan waldron: there will be a lot more paperwork, a lot more headaches, different import tariffs, i don't know what extra percentage will be on top of things before when we were part of the e.u. there were no extra fees, and i think there will be now. reporter: waldron is hardly alone -- people all over scotland feel the same way. for years, major port cities such as edinburgh have thrived on trade with europe without border customs or trade barriers. udo seiwert-fauti: for the scottish economy, for all those

traditional things they had in the continent, personally i would say it's a disaster. i'll give you an example -- scottish whiskey, world famous. they're used to transporting it to the euroepan continent, and it would really be a disaster for many parts of the scottish economy if that link were abolished. reporter: there's another reason why almost 2/3 of scottish citizens voted to remain in the e.u. -- a different mindset. udo seiwert-fauti: i think over the years the english have forgotten how the scottish are thinking, what the scottish parliament means and what the newly-developed scottish identity really means. reporter: and that's why scotland's regional government lost no time in responding to the result of the brexit referendum. nicola sturgeon: i want to make it absolutely clear that i intend to take all possible steps and explore all options to give effect to how people in scotland voted.

in other words, to secure our continuing place in the e.u. and in the single market in particular. reporter: if necessary, edinburgh says, scotland will hold another referendum to break away from britain. that's infuriating to david coburn from the right-wing populist ukip -- the uk independence party -- which backed brexit in the referendum. he balks at scottish independence. david coburn: absolute nonsense. nonsense on stilts. absolutely. it's not even constitutional. apart from the fact that it's not cricket, it's not the british way of doing things. certainly not the scottish way of doing things. nicola sturgeon thinks the constitution should be written in pencil. and she has a big rubber to change it when she likes. i'm sorry, that's not how the rules are played. reporter: not many around here share that opinion. the somber mood in pubs is palpable. especially among younger britons, and not just in edinburgh.

>> the most important thing of the e.u. was that it kept peace, it created a community, a sense of community in all the countries. >> we're in a world of uncertainty just now, and i'm not exactly sure what the necessary precautions are that myself and my friends need to take. >> i'm not trying to say that we're cutting off ties completely, but i think we're now a young enough and a strong enough country that we can do well, we can do well. reporter: two years ago, alan waldron voted for scottish independence. now, in the aftermath of the brexit referendum, he's hoping scotland will get a second chance to decide on breaking free of britain. alan waldron: for me, britishness is poisonous. i'm scottish first, european second, and the concept of britain is -- it's got a lot of

bad taste, historically. reporter: outside, the bagpipe music resumes. scotland's national symbol will be a lasting presence here, no matter how this crisis plays out. michelle: in the wake of the british referendum, many of us here in germany are asking -- what does this mean for us? many brits who live here are wondering will the price of importing their sacred english tea rise? germany is an important market for the uk. but after brexit, many businesses both large and small, worry that trade will become more bureaucratic. our reporter visited broken english, a speciality english grocery store in berlin that caters to both anglos and the anglophiles who lo them, to find out just what kind of impact the vote might have on our wallets.

reporter: on a saturday like any other, dale carr opens up her shop in berlin. royal memorabilia, rose water, and many other specialities from great britain are sold here for everyone to enjoy, but especially the estimated 14,000 brits in the city. dale has run this shop for years. but since a majority of the british population chose to leave the european union, she fears for the future. dale carr: my first reaction was shock. if britain really stays this way, then it's not my country anymore -- i feel like a foreigner. all these years i've had my british passport and now i think -- what's it actually worth? i think it's a really, really bad decision. reporter: dale buys many of her products directly from the

manufacturer. she hasn't had to pay customs duties because of the free movement within the european single market. dale carr: here we've got jams, and this is one of best-selling products -- lemon curd. it's unheard of here, and there's no equivalent on the german market. reporter: the brexit result will eventually mean she has to import products across the e.u. border. one british supplier has already been in touch with her. dale carr: his business is mostly in europe, he doesn't deliver much to britain itself. it was easy, i could import anything with no problems. but maybe in my case, there'll be products that are no longer acceptable. it affects us. reporter: germany is one of the biggest export markets for britain.

leaving the e.u. will make trade much more bureaucratic. delivery vehicles could face a lengthy wait at customs on the border. and ultimately, that would incur extra costs. dale carr: logically, it means everything will get more expensive. the pound has taken a nosedive. whether it goes up again, stays the same or falls even further -- we have no idea. it could mean that goods become cheaper, but there are too many variables, and no facts, and that's not good. reporter: and that worries her customers too. >> i can't get this anywhere else. we like jam and tea as well. you can also get english tea in the big kdw department store, but i really prefer to come here.

reporter: dale's daughter, brittany, also works here. her british passport meant she was free to work here. now she's concerned this might not be the case before long. dale carr: the time has come for us to apply for german citizenship. we'd already talked about it -- just in case there was a brexit. but we didn't really believe it would happen. and my daughter understands why we have to do it. it's important that my two children have a secure life here in germany. reporter: for many brits, this feels like a heavy hangover. dale carr has been running her shop "broken english" for 20 years. but now, she's fears this might be the beginning of the end.

michelle: what do you think about brexit? how does it affect you and what consequences will it have for you? let us know what you think about that by getting in touch on facebook, email or twitter. one of the many ironies of the outcome of the referendum is that young voters wanted brexit the least, yet will have to live with it the longest. blindsided by this breakup, students in london expressed their frustation at the untimely end of their love affair with the e.u. >> i'm sorry. >> i'm sorry. >> i'm sorry. >> i'm sorry. >> i'm sorry. >> i'm sorry.

>> dear eu, i'm certain couldn't make your for better place together, and i hope we can still be friends. >> i am so sorry that this has all happened. it's all our fault for being so close minded, and i hope one day we can be friends again. >> we can change. i miss you. we didn't mean for this to turn out this way. please forgive us. >> we've only been together for a few months since i came here to study. i thought you liked me. why did it have to end this way? ♪ >> i still can't believe this is happened.

it's not you, it's us. i'm sorry. >> hey, i'm so sorry for what was decided between us. i did not want this to happen. if it were up to me, i would stay with you, but sometimes things are out of my control. i wish you all the best, and that we can have the connection we used to have. maybe one day we can get back together. i will continue to hope. michelle: breaking up is hard to do, even when it involves a continent. that's all for today with our special edition on the uk's referendum. in the meantime, it's goodbye from me and the whole team. see you next time. [captioning performed by the national captioning institute, which is responsible for its caption content and accuracy. visit ncicap.org]

steves: florence was long an economic powerhouse. rather than its church, it's the city hall, once the palace of the medici family, that towers over the main square. michelangelo's david originally stood here. this is a copy. the original david is the centerpiece of the nearby accademia gallery, which feels like a temple to humanism. at its altar, one very impressive human.

the shepherd boy david sizes up the giant. thoughtful and self-assured, he seems to be thinking, "i can take him." the statue was an apt symbol, inspiring florentines to tackle their goliaths. when you look at david, you're looking at renaissance man. artists now made their point using realism. they did this by merging art and science. for instance, michelangelo actually dissected human corpses to better understand anatomy. this humanism was not anti-religion. now people realized that the best way to glorify god was not to bow down in church all day long, but to recognize their talents and to use them.

artists like michelangelo even exaggerated realism to make their point. notice david's large and overdeveloped right hand. this is symbolic of the hand of god. it was god that powered david to slay the giant. and florentines like to think god's favor enabled them to rise above rival neighboring city-states. the nave-like hall leading to david is lined with michelangelo's unfinished prisoners, struggling to break out of the marble. michelangelo believed these figures were divinely created within the rock. he was simply chiseling away the excess. here we see the renaissance love of the body, as michelangelo reveals these compelling figures. while these statues are called unfinished, perhaps michelangelo was satisfied he'd set them free, and he moved on to other challenges.

hello there. welcome to nhk "newsline." it's tuesday, july 12th, 9:00 a.m. i'm catherine kobayashi in tokyo. south sudan's president and vice president have ordered their forces to stop fighting each other. it comes after days of skirmishes that killed hundreds and forced 7,000 people to seek protection at u.n. peacekeeping facilities in the capital. some feared the fighting would drag the country back into civil war. violence in the capital juba has reportedly subsided after salva kiir and riek machar ordered the cease-fire on monday. but the situation remains tense and truces have been repeatedly breached in the past. an interimer