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tv   2020  ABC  October 11, 2013 10:00pm-11:01pm PDT

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what was the moment you were most afraid? >> am i dead or am i alive. >> tonight a diane sawyer special. the shot heard round the world. >> he hit her there. >> the name heard round the world, too. one year ago, shot in the head point blank by the taliban. >> i don't know how she survived. >> just because she wanted to go to school. >> if a man can go, why can't a woman? >> now changing the world. >> who is malala? >> i am malala. >> the incredible journey of a peacemaker who made it from this. >> she lost her smile. >> to this. >> miracle? >> if you believe in miracles, yes. >> able to share all the thoughts she had in the hospital, when her voice was silenced. >> who did this to me?
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who shot me? >> the little girl who hours ago met the first family, after igniting a worldwide rallying cry for change. >> now it's my time to speak. >> we stand with malala. >> not for myself, but for those without voice can be heard. >> i am malala. >> i am malala. >> i am malala. >> unbreakable. one girl changing the world. here now, diane sawyer. >> good evening, i am diane sawyer. tonight we hope you gathered family and friends, you're about to meet a young woman, who is changing the world. she's teaching everyone about courage. and the unstoppable power of children, who just want to learn and walk the path to their future. she's 16 years old. and she was shot in the head, because of what she believes. and we want you to know some of
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what you'll see tonight is a harsh reality, but her book, i am malala, reminds us all that radiant strength can sometimes come from surprising places. like a distant valley in pakistan, where there is a battle between dark and light. >> reporter: in ancient times the a pashtu people had a proverb, "a woman's place is in the home or in the grave." >> i come from a country which was created at midnight. >> reporter: tonight, a tiny pashtu girl may be the bravest person in the world. >> when i almost died it was just after midday. >> reporter: one year ago malala yousafzai shot in the head at point blank range. >> reporter: and tonight, that
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16 year old girl a towering presence in the world. lining up with her millions of people. heads of state. all religions. adults and children holding up their hands to say "i am malala, too." >> i am malala. >> we are malala. cheering her at the united nations, when she promised that millions of girls who've been silenced will be heard. >> one child, one book, one pen can change the world. >> reporter: before the world, so much conviction. it is startling when you actually meet her. she is in fact small, shy, childlike. eager to show her magic tricks. >> oh, i know another trick. and the ving out. and the ring is out. >> reporter: and she says, like most teens, once she was worried about how short she is and how difficult her hair. >> i used to be in the toilet for hours. >> everything, about my hair or my hair killed me.
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>> reporter: but inside the school girl, a gladiator trying to wake up the world that girls should get to live their dreams, too. >> in some parts of the world, students are going to school every day. it's their normal life. but in other part of the world, we are starving for education. for us, it's like a precious gift. it's like a diamond. >> reporter: you wanted to be number one in your class. pretty competitive there. >> still i want to be the number one. >> reporter: she was born with wild curiosity and a lot of questions. for instance, in her culture, why are women forbidden to leave home without a man, even if the male is just a little boy? >> i wouldn't go outside without any boy. my brother would go with me. if a man can go, why can't a woman? i can see no difference between them. >> reporter: and by her side, navigating his child towards her dreams -- her father, a teacher who built her school from the ground up, scavenging money, even sweeping the floors. >> i had a great passion for
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education. my father was a teacher, great teacher. and i loved teaching. >> reporter: her mother, traditional, refusing to be photographed, never learning to read. there are also two little boys in the family, but dad says he always knew this girl was filled with infinite possibility. >> when i saw her for the first time, a very newborn child, and i looked into her eyes, i fell in love with her, believe me. i love her. i love her. >> reporter: malala said you always said malala will be free as a bird. where did this come from? >> i accepted her as an individual. the only difference i meant, i accepted a daughter as an individual. >> reporter: when he was a young father he was excited his country seemed to be on the way to an open future.
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there were new schools and universities being built every day. then in 2009 the taliban came out of the shadows. the men who first banned dancing, the movies, burned dvds in the street and decreed death penalty for barbers and any sign of independence in a woman. malala was 11 years old and watching. >> they would slaughter people and the taliban would say this man had long beard, this one had short. that woman is a dancer, she's a singer. that is why we slaughtered them. >> reporter: they broadcast this announcement on the radio, all schools for girls had to be closed immediately. they bombed the schoolhouses, threw acid at the faces of girl students. everyone in terror, one little girl still had her powerful certainty that girls should not disappear into the silence. >> they cannot stop me. i will get my education, if it is at home, school or any place. >> reporter: what was the moment
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you were first afraid? that you had the most fear? >> i feel fear all the time. i i was afraid the taliban would throw acid on my face. at night i was thinking all the time, should i put a knife under my pillow. >> reporter: she read her books in secret, malala yousafzai decides to take a chance. she starts writing a diary using the name corn flower, with her father they send it to the bbc. it is published online reminiscent of another young girl in peril. do you know about ann frank? >> she was a brave confident girl who once lived. and i read a book about her. and she really amazed me. why they are killed on the basis of religion? what is their crime? what have they done? >> reporter: next malala speaks
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out in an online video one of her first calling on the world to help. and using her name. >> we must have the confidence to say this is going wrong, and we must raise our voice. >> reporter: and that same year the new york times hears about her and films this documentary. of a shy, very brave young girl. >> i want to become a doctor. >> reporter: the name malala becomes a beacon in the world and in pakistan her words are gathering strength. so the taliban send warning, death threats, her father tries to navigate between hope and fear. did you at any point say did i let her become exposed and at risk? >> i agree. i think we should not put out the camera. okay? we value freedom. we live for a cause greater than our lives. >> reporter: he says the real question is where was everyone else? >> the people who blame me they
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should blame themselves who did not speak for their right. it was very hard but you see we stood to protect others. >> reporter: later that year it seems better thanks to the pakistan army, the taliban forced to retreat. >> we will be the winners. and the militants will be losers. i am hopeful and opt mifltic. >> i don't agree with him, because the leaders, commanders of taliban are still arrive. >> reporter: still fearful, but with her child like magical thinking, malala rehearses how she would reason with her attacker if they decide to come. >> it was my desire, if a man comes, what would you tell him, malala? i used to think like that. i said i would tell the man education is very important. i would tell the man i want education for your daughter. >> reporter: you think that would work against a gun?
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>> but i thought that words and pens are more powerful than gun. >> reporter: on october 9th, 2012, she was on the school bus, like this one still being used in pakistan. the girls around her were singing. you were singing? >> yes and -- also -- like considering the bus to be a drum and making just music, which -- >> reporter: a handful of girls, all of their faces covered. only one was not. >> on the day when i was shot, all of my friends' faces were covered, except mine. >> reporter: was that wise? it was brave, but was it wise? >> at that time, i was not worried about myself. i wanted to live my life as i want. >> reporter: but the young girl did notice that the street was strangely quiet. >> i didn't see those men. i just could see, like, there's no one. >> coming up a man with a gun looking for just one girl on a bus. asking, who is malala?
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we continue now with diane sawyer and malala. >> reporter: october 2012, in the remote and beautiful mountains of the swat valley of pakistan. a group of school girls are on their school bus singing. one of them notices that the road is strangely quiet where are the people? suddenly, two men approach with beards and a gun, a colt 45.
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one of them climbs on the bus and asks a question, 'who is malala.' she doesn't remember what happened next, but her friend described that moment. >> she said, like, "you said nothing and you were just for -- you were just holding my hand and you just squeezed my hand, like you were just forcing it. and you said nothing." and she said, like, "you just look at -- looked at the men like this. >> and then she said, like, then he -- fired three -- three bullets and one hit you on the left side of my head. >> i would have been doing like this. so i hide my face, because there was gunpow -- powder on my fingers. >> reporter: a year later, her friend still too afraid to go on camera, tells what happened next. >> my clothes, my shoes, my socks, my pouch, my books, all was just full of blood. malala's blood. >> reporter: the girls are screaming as the little school bus frantically races to the bare bones local hospital where doctors only have basic
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first-aid. >> we were trying our best. >> reporter: two hours will pass before a helicopter can deliver her to a military surgeon who spends five hours trying to relieve the swelling on her brain and removing tiny clots. but already, it's as if a kind of miracle is surrounding her. by a strange coincidence, there is someone in pakistan for the first time. a top specialist in pediatric trauma from england doctor fiona reynolds, with her colleague, doctor javid kayani. they've been sitting in long governmental meetings on medical programs when suddenly dr. reynolds is told to race out and try to save the life of a famous and dying child. the tubes have given malala an infection. the machines are improperly set her blood isn't clotting. her lungs and kidneys are beginning to fail. >> you heard she was dying? >> there was a possibility she was dying and a possibility that she would survive.
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>> she had become septic. it was obvious that she had a very serious life-threatening infection. >> reporter: a distraught father asks -- >> "is there any hope?" and i said to him, "well, the only reason i'm here is because there is some hope." and -- he cried. >> yes. because malala is the most precious of gift of god for me in this world. >> what would you have done if she had been lost? >> don't say so. i should not lose her. i can't think of it. >> reporter: dr. reynolds makes a risky recommendation to take the gravely ill girl on an eight-hour trip to a high-tech hospital in england. since she doesn't really know the country, the recommendation comes with a fleeting thought. what if her recommendation is wrong? >> and i said, "yes, we could end up in jail." and, you know, "because we've killed pakistan's mother teresa." she is very precious to pakistan and she's very precious to the rest of the world. and we were looking after her. >> reporter: from another muslim country comes another life
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giving offer. the emir of the united arab emirates sends one of his royal planes outfitted as a hospital, a state-of-the-art intensive care unit. and for the entire eight hour flight to england, doctor reynolds and doctor kayani keep malala alive breath by breath, organ by organ. and they also have noticed something else that defies possibility. the bullet took a path that simply cannot be believed. >> the chances of being shot at point blank range in the head and that happening, i don't know. but it is amazing. truly amazing. i don't know why she survived. >> maybe his hand was shaky. >> he hit her there. >> so it goes under the skin, near the skull, the skin but what happens? >> reporter: a bullet traveling one thousand feet per second slips under malala's skin, but as it heads toward her brain, that bone turns out to be so strong and curved, it forces the bullet to ricochet away.
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instead the bullet smashes her eardrum, severs the nerve in her face, and hits her shoulder.. >> the fact that she didn't die on the spot or very soon thereafter is to my mind nothing short of miraculous. >> miracle. >> if you believe in miracles, yes. absolutely. >> maybe. here is the -- is the backbone and here's the brain. and god saved me. >> reporter: but even if she survives, at this point, doctors still have no idea if she'll ever walk, or see, or be able to speak again. though somehow in her deep coma, malala says she remembers a kind of floating consciousness. she calls it her seven daydream. >> i was -- thinking that am i dead or am i alive? if i am dead, i shall be like -- in a graveyard. and then but i said, like, you are not dead. you can talk to yourself. how can you be dead? >> reporter: a vague sense that somehow, she's at home and worried about being ready for school. >> i love my school and i loved my small house.
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>> reporter: at home in her paradise which was swat. >> i think every second and every minute in swat was beautiful. >> it is a paradise. it's a paradise on earth. there are tall mountains and on the mountains, there you can see green, tall trees. and in the -- in the center is -- is river, that's called river swat. and it's blue. it's full of fish. >> reporter: and the man with the gun on the school bus didn't grasp that the girl in this coma had a destiny carried in her name her father had given her at birth it is right out of their history books. malala a girl from maiwand a shepherd's daughter led her people to victory when they were too afraid to fight. >> one malalai of maiwand is greater than thousands of men. >> so malala rose up that, "if you don't speak up now, if you
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don't fight now, then you will be then you will be cowards forever and then you would be slaves forever." >> reporter: we ask her father to sing the song of malala he sang in her childhood it says your words can turn worlds around. rise malala, rise again. [ singing in a foreign >> next, a miraculous recovery, unable to speak, she turns to her diary. >> who did this to me? who shot me? >> that break through moment when her shattered eardrum is repaired. not only is hearing restored -- >> friday, saturday, sunday. >> but her spirit.
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diane sawyer continues with this special edition of 20/20. >> reporter: in a hospital in birmingham, a 16-year-old girl is still fighting for her life. the doctors have no idea if she can move or see of express herself in any of the three languages she mastered fluently. she has been under deep medication. and then, one evening a week after the shooting -- >> i just open my eyes in the hospital in birmingham. i didn't know where i was. >> she had this very frightened look in her eyes. her eyes were darting back and forth. >> reporter: she has tubes down her throat, so dr. kayani brings her an alphabet board. it is in english, and she points to letters. first the word "country" and then the word "father." >> she wanted to know where her father was. she wanted to know who was going to pay for the medical treatment.
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>> reporter: she was so worried about not being able to pay? >> every day for several days, who was paying. and she actually believed the reason her father wasn't there was either he was dead -- was one of the possibilities in her head. or that he was back in pakistan selling everything they own for her medical treatment. >> reporter: because the tube keeps her from speaking, dr. reynolds gives her a pink notebook so she can write her questions. >> then, on the same day, i wrote my father. have no money. >> i told her that the pakistan government was paying. and she didn't believe me. >> reporter: the days pass in a blur of confusion, pain. she is seeing double. she can hear nothing from her left ear. and the left side of her face doesn't move. in the pink notebook, she is writing scrambling the letters. but there is something she wants to know urgently. >> i had written, "who did this to me?" like who did this to me? why? who shot me? and then what happened to me? i was asking dr. fiona. dr. reynolds will not give patients traumatic news when they're still under medication.
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she says they simply relive it over and over again. >> reporter: but eventually with malala, she knows she has no choice. >> she was getting herself into a state, so i had to tell her the truth. and the truth was she'd been shot. she was asking me, "was it a bomb?" and i said, "no, it was something bad." and she said, "well, if it wasn't a bomb, what was it?" so i said, "you were shot." and she just looked at me. she didn't respond. she didn't react. she just looked at me. after a few moments, she said, "it was the taliban, wasn't it?" and i said, "i believe so, but i don't know for certain." >> reporter: she asks for a mirror. and the teenager who used to worry about her tiny stature, her difficult hair, now says she looked and thought her hair was so small. >> and i just looked at myself like this in the mirror. and then i just was thinking in my mind the taliban comes. they cut your hair.
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and then they shoot you. i thought they cut my hair. i didn't know that the doctors did it for the surgery. >> reporter: in the pictures you can see her face. the small dots are burns from the gunpowder. there are burns on her fingers, too. that's how close the gun was. >> she is incredibly stoic, she had to have suchers in her scalp and a needle put in her neck. on both occasions she didn't wince or cry when they were sticking needles into her. >> i didn't cry. i skmanged after that incident. but i don't know how i changed. i don't know what happened to me. >> i have to say, who can do this? we all cry. >> i am feeling this is a new life. >> reporter: then her family
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enters the room and she falls apart. >> when we entered the room her face moved right, and she lost her smile, her laughter. >> reporter: it will be the only time she breaks. >> when my father and mother came it was the first time i cried and wept as much as i could. it was a great moment for me. >> reporter: once again her champion is her father. she relearns to walk, part of her skull has been replaced with a titanium plate. and because of that severed nerve, the laughter is gone. her face won't move. >> try again for me like that. and then a -- >> reporter: another surgery to reconnect the nerve on her face.
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she practices trying to smile every day and even though her eardrum is shattered forever, we are there when she gets the cutting edge new technology, the kouk here implant. >> i am going to say days of the week, friday, saturday, sunday feeling very happy. and i said like, "malala, you have heard something in your left ear. and now it's getting better." >> reporter: her body is mending, but on the outside, everyone is wondering -- what about her conviction? what about malala's public voice? what do you see ahead for her now? >> she used to be able to play and have friends. and also, she's been through so much. it was a very personal attack. how do you cope with being
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targeted at age 15. >> reporter: at the same time in a distant corner of the globe, the taliban are still sending messages. death threats, hatred. >> life is always dangerous. some people get afraid of it. some people don't go forward. but some people, if they want to achieve their goal, they have to go. the courage is still there. it's telling me to move forward. >> reporter: she tells me, she's decided death was just not ready for her yet. >> i think that death did not want to kill me. and god was with me. and the people prayed for me. >> reporter: and the people who had prayed for her, the people who had wondered about her, got their answer on her 16th birthday. there at the united nations, gathered in the hall, dignitaries and children from around the world. her father was there and so was her mother, who for the first time, let herself appear on camera. and walking up to the podium, it was the power of malala again.
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>> i am the same malala. >> i was thinking is this the same daughter, she is standing at the un, speaking to the whole world and holding the flag of hope and peace. i was very proud. >> let us stick up our books and our friends. they are our most power feful weapon, education is the only solution, education first. thank you. >> next, in search of answers. other voices on malala. >> i think she is not wise. i think she is ♪ [ male announcer ] let's go places.
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we continue now with diane sawyer and malala. >> tonight in a changing world, behind a girl named malala are hundreds of millions of people including muslims seeking a future and full education for their children. tonight, a million children have signed a petition, only with their thumb prints, because they can't write. and the government of pakistan just this year voted to make education compulsory for every child in that country. and remember, worldwide, there are more than a billion muslims. 1% in the shadows, the 1% who are dangerous, when it comes to the education of women we asked nicholas christof of the new york times why. >> there is perception they are under assault.
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and particularly the notion of honor of their women is kind of emblematic of that. and they see girls education as a road toward women controlling their fertility and having fewer children, listening less to their husband, wanting to go work. kind of symbolizing the end of that way of life. >> reporter: rayna idiliby writes about moderate muslims in the world. >> an empowered woman is a catalyst for change. an empowered woman is one that cannot be controlled. anyone who puts a bullet through a 12-year-old's head is evil. such criminal evil behavior doesn't deserve a rational explanation. >> reporter: through the decades i traveled the world. including kabul just after the taliban arrived. it's always confounding that the hard liners are not just men but women who also fight change for this broadcast we travel to the
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red mosque in islamabad, where 3,000 girls are learning islamic culture, the head mistress says some of them came with questions as malala did. they have some arguments with us. but then we talk to them and explain things to them. >> reporter: some of the girls from this school in 2007 covered themselves and took to the streets with whips to punish people for not following sharia law. back auto n england we traveled to meet a group of extreme hard line fundamentalists there. i sat there to find out why they oppose a full education of the kinds girls get in the west. what are girls learning that is wrong? >> freedom and democracy.
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freedom and democracy cannot coexist. it is either islam or no islam. either you are muslim or no muslim. there is no in between. >> reporter: they choose to wear the niqab. >> a woman is seen as no more than a sex object in society. her contribution to society depends how much cleavage or leg she shows. islamic teaching teaches us us to guard honor, guard chastity. protect ourselves. >> reporter: when you see somebody completely uncovered like me, what do you think? >> oppressed. because you are not subservient to the one who created you. you are slave to your own desires. >> if you were not famous diane sawyer and had not achieved what you achieved in your life would you be happy being a mother? >> reporter: you think it is possible to have both.
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>> >> in the western side, the women, all they're trying to do is achieve what men are achieving. they're trying to have babies, and then go to work, and still be a size zero. this it's just so -- it's so difficult being a woman in the western world. i'm so glad i'm not in the western world. so difficult being a woman in the western world. >> reporter: tonight, u.s. director of an american muslim organization says, there is a battle for the soul of islam, good muzz licks like a girl like malala will win. >> to me she represents what islamic values are. she embodies islamic values of seeking knowledge, standing up for justice. if the taliban believe in god, they should know god said killing of an innocent person is equivalent of killing entire humanity. >> you have this girl willing to speak up dramatically for change, even when she got letters from the taliban warning
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her not to. even after she was shot. it's a reminder at times we can find leadership in the most unexpected quarters. the greatest threat to the taliban is not american drones, it's girls like malala. >> reporter: we want you to know in coming weeks on world news we'll look more deeply at the fierce arguments of the radical minority in iz policeman, and what could possibly make that change. we'll be right back. >> next, you have heard what the fundamentalists say, when we come back, what malala has to say about education, women. >> reporter: family, lots of children? >> i will decide later. >> and startling things about where she's living today.
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unbreakable continues. once again, diane sawyer. >> in this past year so many people have been rising up to help with the education of young girls. and you can be part of it, too. you may have seen online all of the people raising their hands to say, i am malala.
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and malala's own organization is called the malala fund, helping young girls out of a life with no future into a life of their dreams. tonight the malala fund is hard at work. trying to education, empower girls around the world. while malala herself answers the voices who speak against her. >> it's their right to speak. now it's my right to speak. it's their right to speak against me. it's their right. but the thing is i only want support for my cause of education, it's the right of every girl and every boy. >> reporter: the kind of education you were getting, they argue is a western education. >> if i want to go to school and become a doctor, there would be an eastern doctor or western doctor, it's a difference in the study? if i want to become an engineer, is there a different way to
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become an engineer, eastern engineer or western engineer? this is education. it's knowledge. it can neither be eastern or western. >> reporter: she surprised us when we asked about those who shot her. the only person arrested was a chemistry student. but he was released right after arrest. malala says real islam teaches you must forgive. so as of tonight, no one has been arrested or prosecuted for what they did to you. >> it's not important if they are prosecuted or arrested. >> reporter: isn't it important that the girls in pakistan know, that someone will be prosecuted for doing this? >> he would have a family. he would have mother. he would have sister. and her mother would love. i'm not a cruel person. i want to fight with them. i want to fight against them
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through my voice and through my pen and through my book, and through my love, and through my brotherhood, not with guns. >> reporter: are you in any pain any more? >> no. no. i have no pain. i am very well. i'm recovered now. totally recovered. the doctors are still working on my physiotherapy and still the left side of my face and thinking about my jaw. but that's just small things. i am recovered. >> reporter: your smile is here. do you think she'll change the world? >> i hope so. i think she has the potential to. >> reporter: she and her family now live in england, she attends a girls school, loves her studies and her cricket. but still lives on a kind of border between two worlds. do you believe in covering your head? >> yes. this is my culture, my own choice, that i am doing this. it's not been implemented on me.
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>> reporter: i'm thinking of you walking through a mall. >> it's totally different. we have never seen like women in short dresses. so it's something like new and difficult for my mother. >> reporter: her traditionalist mother who is learning to read. though she works at western girls and proclaims, i'm going to mispronounce this. roughly translated, it means shocking. >> the other thing is that my mother is very worried about the waste of food. in our country, there are so many poor people. we used to give food to those poor people. now she says, if there is no one, let me give it to the birds. >> reporter: though no one doubts, this is a girl who plans to lead the world. >> in america, people are waiting for a woman president.
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i want to be a politician. but i haven't decided what job would i do. >> reporter: try to ask her about family. you find a shy girl from a shy culture. family, lots of children? >> um, i don't know what i would do in the future. i will decide later. >> reporter: none of my business. you can say, none of your business. >> yeah. maybe. >> reporter: for all her gratitude at her new life, there is a kind of loneliness and longing. >> some people say i will never return home. i believe in my heart, that i will. >> reporter: she tells us she's been reading a book, the wizard of oz. there's no place like home. >> there's no place like home. i believe it. if you go anywhere, even to the paradise, you will miss your home. and i do miss my home. >> reporter: before she was shot
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she planted a mango tree behind her house in the swat valley, hoping the mango would grow. >> i planted it in the middle of the garden, hoping to see a big mango tree and sit under its shade. >> reporter: do you know if it's alive? do you know if it's growing? >> i don't know. >> reporter: we traveled to swat to her school, where there's a chair waiting with her name on it. and to her house, but we couldn't find the mango tree in her little garden. but in a sense the seed she planted has grown something even more profound. a life ready to answer the question asked by that gunman a year ago. who is malala? >> i say i am malala. and i'm going to publish a book. they thought the bullet would silence her. but they failed. and although the silence came, thousands of voices -- >> i am malala! >> i am malala!
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>> i speak not for myself, but for those without voice can be heard. >> we stand with malala. >> so here i stand, one girl among many. >> we stand with malala. >> now it's time to speak up, to live in peace. >> we stand with malala! >> to ensure freedom and equality for women. >> i am malala. >> i am malala. >> weakness, fear and hopelessness die. and courage was born.
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