right now, at this defining moment in america. ♪ we gonna be all right >> with so much on the line. from abc news, my america, your america, our america. this is "turning point." tonight, driving while black. pulled over five times more than white drivers in some cities. >> driver looks more like one of our suspects because of the wide-set nose. >> philando castile stopped 52 times before he was killed behind the wheel. now his family speaking out, demanding change. >> does it offend you that he was pulled over that many times? >> yes, it does, because it definitely means he was profiled. >> plus, why one doctor wears scrubs every day, everywhere,

how his uniforms seals him from suspicion on the streets and may have saved his life. now reporting, pierre thomas. >> there is not a moment that goes by when police are riding behind me where i don't fear being pulled over. >> when you drivin' down the street, you know, and those blue and red cherries come on behind you, you get a tingle, your heart starts to race, even when you know you've done nothing. >> i will light you up, get out! >> wow. >> now! >> adrenaline pumping, pulse quickening. a routine traffic stop makes most of us anxious. but for many, such encounters can mean the difference between life and death. walter scott, samuel dubose.

philando castile. for a number of those whose loved ones have been killed, the fear and anger for police is raw. for those, those sworn to protect and serve -- >> they are here to kill us because we black! >> my nephew philando was murdered by a police officer in falcon heights, minnesota. seeing my sister's son, my nephew, shot and killed in a car by another police officer, you know, it was devastating. >> fiphilando castile's life wa cut short in july of 2016. he was 22 years old. on that fateful night, the officer makes the call to pull over castile. >> i'm going to stop the car, i'm going to check the ids. the two occupants look like

someone that was involved in our robbery. the driver looks like one of our suspects just because of the wide set nose. >> the of situation escalates in a matter of seconds. >> i do have a firearm on me. >> don't reach for it then. don't pull it out. >> i have to pull it out. >> don't pull it out. >> you just kill miged my boyfr. >> less than 40 seconds after approaching the car, yanez opened fire. >> he had his hands in plain sight. he offered information. >> did you see any ifeffort to deescalate? >> no, he didn't try any other non-fatal approaches. >> officer yanez would be acquitted on second degree manslaughter and dangerous discharge of a firearm. the family of castile would receive nearly $3 million in a wrongful death lawsuit.

there's no evidence castile was involved in any robbery. and, as a law-abiding citizen, he had been granted a permit to carry a concealed weapon. he was beloved in his community and worked in st. paul as a school cafeteria supervisor. >> he was a bright, caring individual. he loved the work that he did. he loved his mother and his sister, his whole family. >> i can tell you miss him. >> oh, yeah, without a doubt. i think about my nephew every single day. it could be a song. it could be a kid i see walkin' down the street. dreads. i think about phil. >> the pain of sudden loss still lingers. and for his uncle uncle uncle uu fear that this could also happen to him. >> driving is one of the most serious and dangerous things

that could happen to a person of color. the seriousness of an african-american dealing with police has been a problem in our country for 150 years. >> an abc news investigation in partnership with our own stations has revealed stark disparities. >> every one of these men we talked to can recall being stopped by police. this is an issue coast-to-coast. in a number of cities across america black drivers are far more likely to be stopped by police than white drivers. in minneapolis, where george floyd was killed, five times as likely. chicago and san francisco, four times as likely. in raleigh, three times more likely. for philando castile being pulled over was a frequent occurrence and caused financial hardship, according to a complaint bit aclu, he was stopped 52 times between 2002

and 2016. sometimes twice in one day. and in one year, he was stopped eight times. >> does it offend you that he was pulled over that many times? >> yes, it does. because it definitely means he was profiled. >> the traffic stops resulted in 86 minor traffic offenses and $6,588 in fines and fees. though half of the charges were dismissed. >> this is sort of the tragic example of what happens when we use the justice system as a piggy bank. when fines and fees are used for revenue and we police. when he can't afford to pay the fines and fees his driver's license is suspended. so philando castile faces the same choice, you either stop driving or you take the risk and continue to drive, which is what about 75% of people do,

including philando castile, the next time he's pulled over, he has a misdemeanor charge. this is how we take somebody just on the basis of their poverty and induct them into the criminal justice system. >> in chicago where black people are four times more likely to be stopped, edward ward told our station, wls, he maintains a mental checklist that he goes through when being pulled over. >> i have my hands, ten and two on the wheel. i'm looking at the officer to appear non-threatening. >> ward says he's lost count of the number of times he's been stopped by police. most recently in july. >> i'm actually being stopped by the police. >> there's a lot that comes with it here, a fear of being falsely accused, presumed guilty. some of us as americans, we're

granted the presumption of guilt until proven innocent. >> a number of african-americans have described to me being treated as suspects first and citizens second. is that what you see playing out here? >> it's hard to feel fully your sense of citizenship when the police are treating you more of a suspect. for example the last time i was pulled over by a police officer i think may have been 35 years ago. >> wow. >> it just doesn't happen to me. i'm a white, middle class college professor. >> take it off the place it on the window. >> loyola student defend price created their safety pouch u. >> overconfrontational because

people reaching for information, it's something needed because that officer may mistake you reaching for your documents for something else. that's why i created this, in hopes that it eases the tension. >> abc news found in louisville and houston, black americans were stopped at roughly the same rate as white americans. houston police chief as vee dces had difficult conversations with his own family. >> conversation with my father in spanish, a cuban immig immigm wan and with my own children. 152 officers have been fired, resigned in fear of being fired. that's more than a few bad apples. you want to conduct yourself in a manner where you don't give a bad cop the opportunity to act with a bad heart.

>> and there are those fighting for institutional change, after the death of sandra bland who authorities say died by suicide in a jail cell days after being arrested in a confrontational traffic stop outside of houston, the sandra bland act was passed, demanding that officers receive deescalation training. reform. what needs to happen? >> there's so many things we could do. separate the financial incentives. stop using the traffic code as an excuse to do a fishing expedition. keep the road safe. stop speeders, stop drunk drivers, but don't use the traffic code and vehicle code to stop crime. the vast majority of people who are searched, pulled over, essentially humiliated, are going to be innocent. >> in four out of six cities where data was

blacks were less likely to be possessing contra brand. >> they're routinely subjected to these searches, even though they're not carrying anything illegal. >> for clarence castile, the time to change is now. he's taking matters into his own hands. in 2017, he joined the st. louis police reserves. >> why was it boimportant to do that? >> this began before philando was shot and killed. my whole idea was to work with police officers, learn a little more about what they do, learn some of their terminology and take that information back to the community and share it with young people. i wanted first-hand knowledge of that so i can share that information. then i wanted my people to see me in this uniform. but after phil was shot and killed, it became even more important then, because i wanted them to know that even though

this, this horrible thing had happened to my family, we can still find a way to work together. >> coming up. >> how many times do you think you've been pulled over by the sfl police? >> oh, i can't count. >> why one doctor wears scrubs every day u everywhere. everywh. try nature's bounty hair, skin and nails gummies. the number one brand to support beautiful hair, glowing skin, and healthy nails. and try advanced, now with two times more biotin.

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turning point continues with byron pitts. >> driving while black you have to think about kind of how the things you do will be perceived. how perception can lead to deadly c f will assume that you are in an area or doing things with mal intent.

these are my scrubs. i wear them everywhere. i just want to be >> so guesstimate how many times you think you've been pulled over by police. >> i can't count. >> more than five? >> yeah. >> more than ten? >> i don't know. i don't know. >> so you've been pulled over so many times by police you can't even give it a number? [ laughter ] >> yeah. quite a few. it is so exhausting. it really wears you i'm a urologist. i love urology. >> yet, for all the success, arturo holmes a black man in

america, where too often he says skin color trumps character. >> at some point i just realized my interactions in scrubs were different. >> amid the covid-19 pandemic our doctors and nurses have been lauded as heroes, scrubs signifying courage and selflessness, but for dr. holmes they've also become an armor of sorts. you made the decision to only wear your scrubs in public. why? >> i feel like sometimes out in the world when people interact, you know, with me, they may be more guarded, more cautious. you know, there's so much going on in the word, especially after we've seen kind of interactions with people of color, or even just every day citizens and how situations can escalate and become deadly. wameatneolmes says while on evening last year he was pulled ov by four nypd officers in an unmarked car. he believes his scrubs eased

their suspicions about a young man driving while black. >> i just remember feeling so nervous, ultimately shared that they were looking for gang-related activity in the area. after they noticed my scrubs. i remember thinking, i just don't want to become another hash tag. >> in july, amid national protests following the killing of george floyd, dr. holmes penned an op ed in the "washington post" about his decision to wear his scrubs everywhere he goes. >> that's why i wear my professional uniform, like armor, hoping this fabric might mitigate deadly prejudice. for some, its pale blue hue signals a degree of humanity that my skin color sadly does not. >> for black soldiers returning from every war, for emt breonna taylor, the hope that the

unifo uniform may help has not. >> blacks have been making the decision you've made for generations and it still wasn't enough. >> the hope that it would help me mitigate deadly prejudices. >> outside of work the scrubs are for protection. but in suny downstate, they are also aspirational. >> in america, a lot of black patients never have black physicians. so just being a black physician, you know, gives them hope. >> in your world, your scrubs are both armor and inspiration. >> yes, they are. >> inspiration and hope that one day his scrubs could be thrown in the wash after a long day's work, and he could make it home free of fear. so doc, how long do you think

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this is "turning point", the "nightline" month-long event, late night on abc. ♪ >> tomorrow on "turning point", the very latest on the police shooting of breonna taylor. hear from her family, how they're searching for justice after that fateful night and will the officers be charged in her death? that's "nightline" for tonight, i'm linsey davis, goodnight. >> dicky: from hollywood, it's "jimmy kimmel live," with guest host, brad paisley. tonight, rainn wilson. and now, here's brad paisley. ♪ well i love him but he left to fish jimmy took the summer off

and now i'm at the desk ♪ ♪ and i don't miss him not one bit ♪ cause tonight, we've got a great show ♪ ♪ and some funny, funny [ bleep ] ♪ ♪ take a break from the mean tweets awkward beats and lame jokes ♪ ♪ about donald trump it's the brad paisley live show ♪ ♪ oh lookin there a ratings bump ♪ ♪ >> thank you! thank you five sweaty people in face shields. appreciate it. this is awesome. and it's freaking weird. because everything is freaking weird right now. but some parts of life are starting to get back to normal.