killing dozens of people. what lessons did we learn from that

devastation? and are we any better prepared for the big one that's overdue? and is san francisco losing its taste for fine dining? michelin starred restaurants are slowly disappearing from the city's food scene. is it happening by design? but first, your kids will soon be learning something new in school. in addition to reading, writing and arithmetic, they'll be learning about media literacy. you're watching getting answers. i'm kristen sze from deepfakes to fake news, social media is a minefield. these days. it's also a critical source for news and information. but sorting fact from fiction that will soon be the subject of classroom curriculum for california school kids. this after governor newsom signed ab 873 into law a few days ago. joining us live now to talk about its impact is the author of the bill, assemblyman marc berman from menlo park. assemblyman berman, thanks for your time. >> thanks for having me, kristen . >> so tell us, what will this law require for so you alluded

to it, but as we know, so many youth these days get their news from social media, from the internet, from tiktok, youtube, twitter. >> and we know that there's a ton of misinformation and disinformation that's being spread. and so this law requires that we integrate media literacy curriculum into the four core subject areas in school english, math history and science. so that our young people can be more critical consumers of the information that they're being inundated with on on practically on a minute by minute basis. and that they have the skills to be able to differentiate. wait, what's what's true and what isn't. and know how to go and do their own research to determine whether or not something is a fact. >> i see. well, what recent events highlighted the need for media literacy for kids is, i think we've seen a lot of really important examples over the last couple of years about how what happens on the internet and a

lot of the misinformation and conspiracies that spread have real world consequence is one of the biggest is, is january 6th, 2021. >> and the attack on our nation's capitol which was spurred by misinformation and conspiracies around the 2020 presidential election and whether or not it was stolen. we all know it was not stolen. it was an accurate election, but that led to people attacking the capitol. uh- other examples are vaccine misinformation or holocaust denialism or, you know , there's countless examples of where things that happen online can lead to real world consequences, right? >> i imagine you probably also worry what kids are consuming right now in the middle of the israel-hamas war. >> it's i'm worried about what kids are consuming. >> i'm worried about what adults are consuming. there's so much information we've seen in the past couple of hours. it takes time to be able to determine what happened, what truly happened in a situation. but with social media these days, there's this this desire to get

answers within a minute after an event occurs. and so it's important for our young people and for our adults to be able to determine, you know, what's accurate and to be able to understand and that people that are posting online, a lot of them have an agenda. and it's important for us as consumers of all of that information to be able to determine what that agenda is and whether or not that person might be, you know, hedging on what actually happened. >> yeah, i want to dive more deeply into how this may be taught in just a second. but indulge me just one more question, because i think this is important. and i think there were a couple of studies listed in your bill. one from stanford and one from the united nations, that seem to indicate that we shouldn't have too much confidence in kids ability to evaluate sources online. right? >> that's exactly right. there was a stanford university study that identified that 96% of high school students surveyed failed to consider that ties to the

fossil fuel industry might affect the credibility of a website about climate change. and so somebody creates a website. they make it look authoritative or they make it look scientific. but in reality that that website and a lot of the data that's posted is funded by the fossil fuel industry. it's just important for people to know that it another example was a study that found that 82% of middle school students struggled to distinguish an advertisement from a real news story. so those are the kind of skills that we should be training our youth. >> i promise what we're doing here right now is a real news story and not an advertisement. all right. but let me ask you. okay, so would this you mentioned it would be folded into other classes. so i guess it's not a let's all sit down for your media literacy class now. talk about how that could be folded into, let's say, a social studies curriculum or a math curriculum or science curriculum that's right. >> studies show that media literacy is best learned when integrated into other courses as opposed to being a standalone

course. and so this bill directs the instructional quality commission, which is a nonpartisan commission under the california department of education, to incorporate media literacy content into english and math, science and history and so that can be learning about vaccines and learning about the safety of vaccines, the process that vaccines go through to be approved, that can be learning about the current conflict in the middle east and looking at, you know, news sources that that, you know, or have, you know, a history of providing about negative news and don't necessarily we aren't necessarily pushing an agenda so and that could be in history that could be in a history course. and so there are lots of different ways that we can integrate media literacy and we want to start young. we want to start in kindergarten right? that's right. that's right. this is going to be, you know, kindergarten through 12th grade. >> so how might you scaffold it? like how could the discussion be

different for, let's say, a fourth grader versus a 10th grader for. >> yeah, it's you know, for a young person, for example, there was a curriculum for kindergartners is where they learn how to identify advertising through a lesson titled can you spot the ad? and so the objective is teaching students about the concept of branded content differences between branded and non branded images and videos and online and offline contexts. and then, you know, the older you get, the more the more kind of. well, i would argue that the older you get. we also want to teach students about digital citizenship, about their interaction online and about how information that they put online can impact their lives for decades and decades to come. and so as you get older, you know, you can move more into that type of instruction as well. all right. well i know it takes time sometimes to translate these principles into the actual curriculum. >> i mean, just textbooks. it takes time. but i know this

won't be all textbook based, but. so when will this actually hit the kids in the schools? >> so to save money because it was a difficult, you know, budget year, we decided that the instructional quality commission will integrate the media literacy concepts as they're updating the core curriculum for these subjects. >> and that happens on an eight year rotating cycle. so some courses, it's going to happen as early as the next year or two. other courses, it might take 6 or 7 years for this to get integrated into into subject matter areas. but so, you know, it's going to be an evolving kind of basis over the next eight years, but it's going to happen as soon as in the next year or two that students will start learning media literacy in some of their classes. >> right. i'm going to leave it with this question. is digital literacy vital, you think, to our democracy? what are the consequences if we don't learn? >> it couldn't be more vital. and i think we again, we saw that with january 6th and we saw that with constant attempts to

erode people's faith in democracy, tsay people's faith in the voting system. and so we need to equip our youth with the skills they need to be more critical thinkers, to be more critical in terms of getting, you know, receiving this content. and then we need those youth to teach their parents, to teach their grandparents. >> assemblyman berman i was just going to say, perhaps the parents ought to audit the classes and we can pick something up ourselves. all right. thank you so much for your time. appreciate it. >> thank you. >> the 6.9 loma prieta earthquake hit the bay area 34 years ago today. exactly how likely are we to see another quake of that size in the next year? what are the biggest risks to our region right now? a seismologist

for 15 seconds. it was the 6.9 magnitude quake felt here, but seen around the world. like a train was coming through the door. >> the world series was being played between the san francisco giants and the oakland a's. >> a bay bridge series, if you will. but the bay bridge itself suffered a partial deck collapse, resulting in a fatality. one of the 63 caused by the quake in 34 years. what if seismologists learned? is our region more prepared? how can you minimize your risk of loss of life or property? join us live now to talk about all that. ross stein, scientist emeritus with the us geological survey and founder of the quake assessment app temblor. hey, ross, good to talk with you, kristin. good to talk with you too. in october 17th. always got

to ask, right, because we still talk about it to this day. were you here in the bay area? if so, where were you when the quake hit? >> i was on in paris on sabbatical. oh, and i woke up and my mother in law called my wife and myself, and she told us about the earthquake. and i sat there thinking, oh, my god, how could i have missed it? and my wife was saying, oh, my god, i'm so lucky to have missed it. and we looked at each other and thought, oh, my sleeping with all these years, oh, gosh. >> okay. of course this is your passion, right? studying earthquakes. so i get that i was here. i will tell you that i was in a backyard and the pool water was sloshing out like it was like the ocean or something. and then this eerie silence. it was so strange. but i was lucky because an hour before i crossed the bay bridge. so okay, we have to do this when we think about where were we? but now i want to ask you, you let's be forward looking. was that level of destruction what you expected as a quake scientist? what we saw,

kristen, if you put a gun to my head and said, i want you to hide a magnitude seven earthquake somewhere in the bay area where it would cause the least damage, i would have chosen its epicenter in the santa cruz mountains. >> so we got extremely lucky and even with that, we had unbelievable amount of damage at great distance in oakland. of course, as you mentioned, on the bay bridge and the fires in the marina district. so for the first time, we saw that that waves that bounce off, deep layers in the crust can come back up far away from the epicenter. and cause major damage. >> so let me ask you then, are we due for another quake of that size, size or maybe even a bigger one? and which fault line might it be on? i think we have a map of some of our fault lines here. >> well, first of all, i have to, you know, practice the humility of a seismologist to say we can't predict earthquakes. and if we could, we would certainly tell you these are the most active faults in

the bay area that you're showing us. any one of them could host a magnitude seven or maybe a magnitude 7.7, which is 20 times larger by size. so we don't know which one could rupture. again but all of these on your map are capable of rupturing any time in the next 30 years or so. and as you can see, the san andreas the hayward fault are the closest to the central populated areas. right. >> haven't i been hearing for over ten, 20 years now that the hayward fault has been overdue to. >> well. well, you know, the problem is earthquake occurrence is not like a pregnancy. and we can't talk about being nine months due or ten months overdue for an earthquake. they interact with each other, slow each other down and speed each other up. and they're in a kind of a dance, a chain reaction with each other that we only partially understand. okay so while we know that the hayward fault has had large earthquakes like this, roughly every 150

years or so, and the last in 1868, which would make it a good candidate. it's just one of several we could just as easily have a seven on the san andreas fault, the calaveras fault. and so, you know what? we need to do is be prepared for any place they could occur and be thankful that we have an earthquake. early warning program now so that you can get several seconds of warning, at least, that that earthquake is going to strike right? >> right. we do have that right. and i also want to ask you, you know, what has improved since loma prieta 34 years ago and what hasn't improved enough? as you look around the bay area? >> well, of course, the dense seismic network that is required and the complex telemetry to put that notification on your phone or on a siren, that an earthquake is coming in several seconds, is a signal accomplishment of seismology and the government working together to make us safer. and we could be proud for that. and that's

fantastic. the flip side of that coin is we still have lots of buildings that won't survive an earthquake. we have lots of old buildings. we have lots of buildings that have been we have not yet been retrofitted where we have a collapse risk from what we say, a soft first, first story. and so we we've very slowly remediating the real problem that buildings kill people if they're not seismically strong. >> okay. and we're showing some of those soft story buildings. i think, in san francisco. right. and there are funds available to help people retrofit. right. and strengthen their buildings. what about fire risks after a quake? >> well, no fire. there have been some earthquakes historically, notably in 1923, in tokyo, where 90,000 people died, almost all of them through fire. and when we have wood frame homes, there's always a risk of fire. but ironically,

over the years, we've done a better job preparing for fire than we have for earthquakes. and therefore, there's a lot of safety measures in place. all new houses have sprinklers in their ceilings, for example, and we have automatic cut offs of gas after an earthquake. so while fire following an earthquake is a risk, it's not what it once was. i think this is another area where we've made real progress and where it's not as clear that fire will be a major problem of course, it will be a problem. some places will ignite, but hopefully they'll be isolated and we can handle them like thursday is international shakeout day. >> i know we're supposed to do drills right? is the rule still drop cover and hold on or is it different now? and if it's to hold on, where should we hold on to? >> well, great question. and yes, in the united states, we suggest that the safest thing to do is to get down on into a

crouch position underneath something heavy that will brace the fall of something from a ceiling and stay there until the shaking has stopped. and ironically, in other countries, turkey, we just had a big earthquake in afghanistan. we just had one in morocco. those people are told to run out of the buildings, but that's because they're building walls are so weak that they're unlikely to survive. so the fact that we tell people to drop cover and hold on is actually a statement that our buildings by and large, are pretty good and our job is to stay out from under the falling debris. >> all right, ross, so how do we assess our individual risk where we live? >> well, one of the things that tamulevich does, temblor has a free app that temblor app.com. it's a mobile app or a desktop app. it finds your location and it tells you what your seismic risk is because we would like to inspire everybody to be safer and really be right now as we

prepare for wildfire, as we prepare for flood, most of the things in that emergency kit are also going to help you in an earthquake. all right. so let's be prepared. >> sounds good. thank you so much. ross stein. appreciate it. thank you, kristen. be safe. all right. abc7 originals documentary the earthquake effect talks through the potentially dangerous situation every bay area resident faces should an earthquake like the 1989 loma prieta happen today. watch the earthquake effect on the abc7 news bay area app available wherever you stream, we'll be right back rsv can be a dangerous virus... [sneeze] ...for those 60 and older. it's not just a cold. and if you're 60 or older... ...you may be at increased risk of hospitalization... [coughing] ...from this highly... ...contagious virus. not all dangers come with warning labels. talk to your pharmacist or doctor...

...about getting vaccinated against rsv today.

be a partner of the san francisco standard. published this article. the headline san francisco is hemorrhaging michelin starred restaurants. has the city lost its dining mojo? joining us live now is

senior editor at the standard, astra kane, who wrote that article. hi, astrid. >> hi. how are you today? >> oh, i'm fine. i love a little good restaurant talk. so how many michelin all right. how many michelin star restaurants do we have and how many, i guess are in san francisco? >> yeah, so there's about 88in california, of which 50 are in the bay area. and of those 50, by my count, 26 are here, right in san francisco proper. okay. >> that sounds pretty good. and is that in san francisco? 26, a pretty big percentage of the nation's michelin restaurants? >> yeah. >> yeah, it actually it is. yeah. we're kind of second only to new york for the sheer density of dining excellence right here in our city. but the thing is, we used to have 37. >> okay. so i guess there was kind of a growing wave for a while and then it seems to have peaked and now it's starting to drop off, right, is what you noticed. so what's going on?

>> yeah, san francisco or the michelin guide first began to award stars to the bay area starting in 2007. >> and from about for about 12 years or so, it was a continuous crescendo. there was just more and more restaurants getting various recognitions right one, 2 or 3 stars, and around 2018, 2019, we seem to have peaked and you know, through the pandemic, things closed and there's been attrition and it's starting to wane noticeably. >> all right. so we have a graphic of the three san francisco restaurants that lost their michelin stars just this year. tell us about the circumstances for these you know, it's really hard to say. >> michelin dining operatives do everything in secret. no one really knows who they are and no one knows what their criteria are. so it's really known only to them. >> okay, wait, so we got marlena on this list, but didn't they actually close? i think, yeah. >> marlena yeah. >> so spruce and omakase lost a star, but marlena is a different case. that is true. that was a dispute between the two chefs who are a husband and wife team

and the owner of the restaurant. at they were not seeing eye to eye and the relationship gradually fractured and they closed the restaurant altogether during the summer. >> i follow that story. it was like a soap opera. and, you know, i'm sure it makes diners quite sad. but let me just ask you, though, you mentioned one factor, right? like covid. but are there other factors? and i wonder if it's just some of it is not restaurants closing or business is bad, but just saying we're not going to play the game of chasing that michelin star anymore, is that happening? >> i, i think there's a lot more of that than maybe some chefs would even let on. yeah, the michelin system has come in for a lot of criticism. first of all, there's the secrecy, but also, like it seems to favor places that charge top dollar. and i mean, you can go to toulon or yamo in the mission district and have a very amazing, very value driven lunch. and it's impossible to say that expense of equates high quality, right? so they've also received criticism for that. and then there's also the fact that they

tend to give a lot of weight to european or continental restaurants and other types of cuisines are just given short shrift. oh that is very true. >> i mean, like look at i don't know, yang sang maybe. i don't think they've ever had a star. right. >> how how is the best dim sum restaurant in san francisco not been given a star? come on. >> i know. maybe we need to start, like, a petition or something. so is, i guess, is the notion that fine dining or good eats is necessarily tied to a michelin star going away? and is it something that diners maybe no longer seek here? >> you know, it's a great question. >> i think that is beginning to happen. yeah, you've seen chefs attempt to return their michelin star like it was a physical object. you know, the system is starting to show some hairline fractures. >> but does it hurt tourism, do you think? i mean, is it part of the draw here? like, hey, we're going to napa, we're going to like all these three star restaurants? >> yeah, i mean, some of these

places, the idea of a three star michelin restaurant that the french tire company first created way back in the 50s, is that a three star place is worth a special trip in its own right. >> is a destination. so if they start to go away, then then yeah, i imagine it would hurt tourism, especially in wine country, in places like that. >> oh yeah, right. i mean, for those who are wondering why is michelin a tire company doing ratings for restaurants, that's the history. yeah >> the one star is for basically it's like if you pass it. yes you should eat there. two stars make a little detour, three stars worth a trip in its own right. >> all right. well, that's good to know. all great information, astrid, keep us posted. always fun talking about the food scene here. thank you. >> thank you. >> take care. and you can check out more of the san francisco standard's other original reporting. astrid's and others on their website at sf standard.com and abc7 will continue to bring you more segments featuring the standards city focused journalism. look for that twice a week right here

on getting answers at 3 p.m. we'll take

at tonight, breaking news. the horrific explosion at a hospital in gaza. hundreds killed. the images coming in at this hour. the gaza health ministry claiming more than 500 palestinian civilians killed in the explosion. they say caused by an israeli air strike. israel tonight insisting it