welcome to "bend the headlines." i'm carheryl jennings. from cancer to heart disease and of course, the dangers of secondhand smoke and every single day nearly 4,000 young people under the age of 18 smoke a cigarette for the first time. according to the centers for disease corol andrevention the cdc also reports that nearly 13% of thedult population in california a currently smokers, and that is more than million people. 69 of smokers in the united states do want to quit completely. the impt of sming tobacco clearly dangerous, but a fascinating recent study suggests tobacco's historic use

in california may actually stretch back far longer than researchers believe. it's abc 7's carolyn johnson. >> this is the type that g us all stted. >> if arceologist, she's certainly fascinating by it. she spent tracing the earliest use of the people of california and the pacific coast. >> tocco in the united states was present 8,000 or 10,000 years ago and huer gatherers probably fured out the special properties of the plant quite eay. >> she says the clues were burned into ancient pipes and some found in nearly pristine conditions during digs at the swiss river basin near the oregon border and another undisclosed site heren the bay area first to document what was being smoked and when. her colleagues at uc davis used test pip to plant different species. th were le to compare it to the residue still in stone

pipes. >> the residue inside the spaces will preserve over thousands of years, relatively unchanged. >> so when we started obtaining positive results, it was a very exciting thing. >> ill, for more accuracy, the microscopic samples were analyzed using advanced technology including glass tomography and glass spectrometers. allen runs the lab at the eugene resource center. >> you have to look at the differenfragments of it it so that you can really identify which cpound it was. the verdi? tobacco and they say the evidence suggests that native americans in norern california, smoked it more than a thousand years ago and phaps cultivated itor centies, far earlier than first imagined. although it'sikely they consumed it much less frequently and for a differt purpose from sming as we know it today. it was more of a ceremonial and ritual, and itoccurred in a ceremonial and ritual ctext

that has roots deep, deep in time. >> carolyn johnson, abc 7 news. those researchers say that early tobacco had much less nicotine coent than today's cigarettes and reseahers hope that data can be used futu studies learn whether the early ritual smoking could have produced health effects. joining me in the studio to shed light on e current realis of smoking riskor the entire bay area. there's rena chin and she's the regional director for the american lung association. >> thanks for being here. it's great to be here. >> this is yo passion. tald about that number of 13% of californians smoking, but it used to be a lot higher. it usedo be 22 33% of californians smoked. >> so something is working? >>absolutely. when the first tobac tax passed it funded a huge health education program that has spread toughout the state and cities and countieses have

jumped on the bandwagon because everyone wanted to be part of getting rid of th tobacco epidemic. so cities and counties started passing smoke-free ws. >> i want to get back to that in a moment, but you're talking about education and i don't think a lot of people realize ow dangerous it is the secondnd smoke is. >> that's how manynon-smoking ericans die prematurely from secondhand smoke and that's bout losing 13 to 14 years of their life. >> and what does it do to somebody? >> well, most of us know what it feels like to be suddenly exposed to secondhand smoke. you start sneezing and eyeses water. for people who are sensive leak people with asthma might trigg the asthma attack and you would sta feeling t congestion in your chest tightness and then have an attack ler on where you are really having it d then you

have to take medication. more long-term effects could be, you know, have en shown to be lung cancer and tn the other amazing piece of data that has come out is as little as 30 minutes of being exposed in a smoky room can cause a fatal heart attac in a non-smoker. so the heart impact is more immediate and, of course, devastating. >> we also hear about this rase which is new, irdhand smoke. >> thirdhand smoke is something we all knew about and someone ga it a catchy rm. it's when you don't see the smoking, but you know the smoking has happened and it's mo like secondhand smoke. researchers discovered what happens when you have smoked-in room, and y leave it and don't smoke in the room and you come back and test t afr d some of the research has shown th the air is more toxic

21 da after the smoking happened >> -- wow! >>- in the room. who is most at ri? i would imagine children and people with compromised immune system? >> of course, children with t residual secondhand smoker thirdhand smoke it can turn into a dust a carcinogenic dust and kids crawl on floors and stick the hands in their mouth a lot doctors are deeply concerned about the ki of nicotine and carcinogen that young children are picking up and putting in their mout the other people are people with chronic disease. cancer survivors and heart patients people with asthma, copd and some folks don't realize that secondhand smoke can't make it worse for peop with diabetes. >> oh, my goodness. we talked about education and the laws that are making people move to other -- so what are the

smoking laws and where do people smoke if they do want to smoke? we're not in the business of offering places and we're basilly looking at unwanted secondhand smoke. >> okay. >> basically, in a lot of our cities especially here in the bay area we've gone beyond inside the workplace. we have doorway buffer zone laws anywhere from 15 t 25 feet away from doorways. we have outdoor dining laws where in some cities youcan't smoke where you're outdoor dining, bus stops and t most controversi one might be banning smoking inside multi-unit housing. >> all right. serena, we are out of time and i appreciate all of the insight and information. thanyou very much for what you're doing. >> thank you for having me. >> all right. we do have to take ahort break. when we come back we'll learn about the dangerous cnection betweenmoking and lung

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headlines." we are talking about the risks of smoking tobacco. american women have caught up to men in terms of risk of death from smoking. women are starting to smoke earlier and they're lighting up more often than they did decades ago. it hit a plateau in the 80s, but for women it's still rising. researchers say the risk of dying of lung cancer 25 times higher for smokerershan for women who have never smoked. dr. david jennings is the program director of the forensic oncology lab at the university of california sn francisco. it's grea to see y because we've been working it together for several years. i appreciate your expertise. >> for those folks that don't understand the risk of smoking, it doesn't just affec the lungs. it's body. >> right. cheryl, it's great to be here and thank you so mucfor your help and advocacy to get the wo out. smoking is a total body phenomenon and you inhale it

through the best drug delivery organ we havewhich is the multiple football field size airw space of the lung and the carcinens are absorbe very quickly and they travel rougut the body and they wreak havoc througho the lungs regarding ncer and also the poorly combusted smoke and th copd and the emphezema is a domint problem and it causes peipheral vascular disease. if it weren't for the nicotine buzz, nobody would do it. >> i watched this in my own family because my parents both smoked and like a lot of people i grew up in a smoking usehold. i can only imagine. i'm wondering if that affects pple's intellectual development when you are a kid and exposed to that. >> you see the dmages and the side e kts and not to mention in the first few cigarette puffs you ever take you start gagging and coughing. nobody puts their mouth on the exhaust pipe t get the carbon

monoxide. it's all about the drug delivery and big tocco has known that l along and finay, the truth is being aired and people are realizing that people are trying hard to quit. it's hard to quit,ust hard to stay off cigarettes for good. >> i sathat in my own family. some did and some didn't. a new trend aree-cigarettes and what are ose and how does that affect them? >> we don't know what t impacts will be regarding all of these other total body effects. it's a way to give you the nicote satisfaction so then you don't lig up tobacco which carries the carcinogens. so the idea is you would at lea be spared much of the carcinogen load which would reduce gnificantlyhe rick of emfa zeema and lung cancer. >> you see people who come to you who have aariety of disses, mostly lung cancer?

>> thoracic maling nancy and is in this country and worldwide is lung cancer. 90% of the time it's lung cancer and we specialize in the bleak and challenging tumors like mesotheoma and lung cancer. >> i think that people might be surprised that the survival rates of people being diagnosed with with lung cancers just 15%. >> right. it's horrible andit hasn't changed in 40 years and that's why you and we and bonnie and everyone else gets up and goes out to change the dog, and break the stigma and also awareness and we have made progress. we ve ct screening. i took us a decade to get that approved and it's finally approved through cms. it took a $200 million study and 50,000 patits d smokers have the ct scan and show that t ct scan is a 25% more preventabl death over justuittina lobe

and that proved 50,000 patients in nine months. >> you mentioned bonnie now, for folks that don'know bonnie, she's frothe cancer foundation. you walked into my clinic and you fixed r. >> stage three lung cancer. >> she had 3b in a trekkie spot. she's a fighter and we're a can-do team and we built a program and she was in the thoracic oologyprogram and she realized she could do more on herown and started foundation th i helped her start and the rest has been history and she's been trying to change the perpective on lung cancer and drive awarene and build novel clinil trials and novel approaches because, you know, it'sever a good time, obously, to have cancer but it's alst a good time because we're on the cusp of wt i think areramatic chges. >> in just a moment, we do is to >> in just a moment, we do is to take a break in just a

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>> welcome back to "beyond the headlines." california has the second lowest population of smokers in e united states, but the dangers of smoking remain a huge concern. we are joined by dr. david joplin. he's the program director of the thoracic oncology lab at the univeity of california san francisco. and you started to talk about a lot of changes, improvements and ways of treating lung disease. >> well it's happening for lung

disease, for biology in general, we are with precision medicine which is auzz word. it hasn't quite lived up to the excitement yet, but it it will. it's just a matter of time and technology and that is the idea of understanding whethert's a cancer of the lung or the colon or the breast and not of the organ and the pathways and the signaling and the stem cell it came from and the carcinogens and other exposures as we as other diseases and emphysema and we cannterrogate these issue fishes and if you, god forbid, are diagnosed with a caer and it is so important because we can learn so much about the tumor and direct andhen guide the therapy based on that. >> you can design therapy just for that particular tumor? >> right. exactly, sohe excitement around these designer therapies or persalized medicine, because clearly that's wre it needs to be. no two tumors are the same and it didn't have a familial history and no two tumorsre

the same even though they're lumped together and whether they'rereast, colon or lung and thathese abnormaties and am preification can be targeted and in the research laperrieres, peop are going at full throttle tol find novel targets or antibodies that cn be very selective to the cancer of that organ? >> one of the things woe ju roll out something called 790 m. and the gdfr gene andin particular, women who have nevered, not necessarily the 270

mu advertising is what trip that cancer. a jeff ox for boston is ready to do a study looking to see if we can measure in your blood in the germ line dna, in oth rds, all of the cells in your body and nt just a lung biopsy and whether you harbor thi mute asian anmu advertising, and preliminary data looks prett tantalizing. >> and they are still accepting families who ha lu cancer. >> correct. >> i have ten seconds left, dr. plin. for people concerned about having lung canc, what suld they do, real willy quick? >> they should talk to their doctor. if they're over 50, and sked priously, they should think about ct screening. if theymoked they should have stopped smoking ad then they can go to ourwebsite and see what kind of exciting research weir doing at the.

>> that is it for this segnt, but city wuz, please and we'll talk about

>> welcome bac to "beyond headlines" i'm cheryl jennings. they druggel with ways to do it. a cent survey warns that children and teens are increasingly trying electronic cigarettes. the devices turn liquid nicotine into a vapor that smokers inhale. the centers for disease control found that in 201210% of high school students admitted they have tried e cigarette, up from 4% the year before. 2% of mdle school students also experimented with these battery-powereddevices up from 1%. many say they never smoked a real igarette. >> it's very concerning because nicotine is incredibly addictive and onc you get someone hooked onan e cigarette. will they switch over it it a regular cigarette? we don't know the answer ad until you answer that you don't want to get these products into the hands of ildren. >>the the food and drug administration is expected to announce a plan to start reg r lating e-cigarettes just li other tobacco products.

joining us in the studio on suggestions for ways t kick the habit is rosalynn moya and tobacco coordinator at an doleent treatment center in alameda countep thank you for being here day. >> thank y. i'm also co-chair for the tobacco-fe coalition and the other drugnetwork. >>ou busy lady. >> tell us about the work you do for the tobacco-free coalition. well, work also with teens and i do a lot of group in high school to help high school students who want to quit. some of them may come -- they may come in for information or they just might want to reduce their cigarettes and if they want, i can help them to quit. >> you go out into the community, right some. >> i go toll of theigh schools that wantme to come there and do quick groups. it's a contact with the

department of education and the unified school strict. they want to have us come out there. >> and you mentioned that you work with young people who are trying to quit. it must be so hard because everyoni've ever known w tried to quit, half can andthe other can't. it's tough. >>hat's why when they ce to the group iry to make it a very welcoming environment, and have pizza. we recognize their desire to wanto quit becauset's a great thing to want to do that and to care about their health. >> what's the first step. basically, i want to what they get out of it, their goals and i pretend to be the big coach. recognize wat other challenges that's keeping themrom smoking and also what are the this in tir life that we can use to levere that would help them to quit. >> what would be an example

wil? >> some of them would talk about when they smoke a cigarte, they may smoke, sonstead of let letting, like my passe. can you describe those? >> for pele who want to quit and there getting withdrawals from nicotine, there are great fda-approved out there and nicotinepatches, gum and lozenges and there are also some that areot nicotine replacemen but from a gologiical, and all of that's available to help people quit. >> can you use that with students, too? >> those are over the counter. if they want to get it they can

go to the store and get it. it's more. what i tell them is all they're doing is introducing anything n. tell us abo the e cigarettes and what does the public know about those? >> they're very easy to get and i see them on the counters and registers and gas stations andes of just talking to my 14-year-old niece who is in ninth grade now and she was telling me how they can get them at school very easily. thy like to do thes smoke. before we wrap p. we have 30 seconds. what do you wa people to know about the health benefits of quitting smoking? >> within minutes of quitting peopleill feel their heart rate go back to normal and their blood pressure go back to normal d after0 years the person

who has been smoke will have the same cancer, almost when wants to get smoking, thai can quit it any time. and feelhe effects very uickly. >> we appreciate it. thanyou for the work you're doing. that is all of the time we have for today and my thanks toll of the wonderful guests. for more information on the program go to our website, abc7.com. we are also o facebook at abc 7 community affairs and follow me on twitter @cherylabcjennings. we'll s you next time. -- captions by vitac -- www.vitac.com

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