♪ captioning funded by cbs and ford-- built for the road ahead. >> kroft: for 150 years the floor of the new york stock exchange was the center of the financial world. but today most trading in stocks is done elsewhere by robot computers that buy and sell in microseconds, faster than you can blink an eye. are humans ever involved in the trading? >> humans are not involved in the trading because humans are way too slow. >> kroft: and the computers have done so well that some institutional traders have come to believe that the game is rigged. >> how can you make money day after day, there was even one firm that said they made money four years in a

row, every single day. well, you have to be getting information that other people don't have otherwise statistically that's an impossibleity. >> where do you come from. >> simon: he may well be the most admired human being alive. but we've known very little about nelson mandela. what was on his mind during 27 years of prison and throughout his life? until now. tonight you will get the first look at a new book which is coming out this week. it's written in mandela's own words and offers us an unprecedented look at the man. >> that's right. >> simon: who lead one of the most important revolutions of our time. >> whether you are a fan of rap or not, eminem's life story is an extraordinary tale, rise to the top of the music world from a bleak and deprived childhood. a white kid from detroit how did he do so well in a predominantly african-american art form. >> you still come back here?

>> yeah. >> he let us into his world to find out showing us where he grew up, how he writes his music. >> i put my orange four inch door hinge in storage. >> and occasionally surprising us. >> profanity around my house, no. >> i'm steve kroft. >> i'm lesley stahl. >> i'm bob simon. >> i'm morley saefern. >> i'm anderson cooper. >> i'm scott pelley, those stories and andy rooney tonight on "60 minutes".

>> kroft: it may surprise you to learn that most of the stock trades in the u.s. are no longer being made by human beings, but by robot computers capable of buying and selling thousands of different securities in the time it takes you to blink an eye. these supercomputers, which actually decide which stocks to buy and sell, are operating on highly secret instructions programmed into them by math wizards, who may or may not know anything about the value of the companies that are being traded. it's known as high frequency trading, a phenomenon that's swept over much of wall street in the past few years, and played a supporting role in the mini market crash last spring that saw the dow jones industrial average plunge 600 points in 15 minutes. most people outside of the industry know very little if anything about it. but the securities and exchange commission and members of congress have begun asking some tough questions about its usefulness, potential dangers, and suspicions that some people may be using computers to manipulate the market.

for 150 years, the floor of the new york stock exchange was the center of the financial world, the economic engine that helped american business raise capital and create jobs. today, it is still the public facade of wall street and a television backdrop for reporters relaying financial news, but less than 30% of the trading is conducted here now. and the specialists and the noise of the floor is being replaced by the speed and quiet efficiency of computers, and the action has moved elsewhere. there are now more than 80 alternative trading systems around the country, plus two brand new electronic stock exchanges which most of you have probably never heard of, b.a.t.s. and direct edge. they're owned by the big banks and by high frequency trading firms, and neither of them would give us an interview or let us inside to film their operations. but they trade more than a billion shares a day at blinding speed, and most of those bets are being made by machines.

the players range from firms like goldman sachs, barclays, credit-suisse and morgan stanley to hedge funds and smaller operations, like tradeworx, which is the only high frequency trading firm that would talk to us or let us in. it's run by manoj narang and a small group of mathematicians and scientists called "quants," which is short for quantitative analysts. and their high speed computers trade 40 million shares every day. are humans ever involved in the trading? >> manoj narang: humans are not involved in the trading, because humans are way too slow to trade on the kinds of opportunities that we're trying to capture. we're trying to capture opportunities that exist for only fractions of a second. this stock over here was down 1.8% for the past week. >> kroft: the tradeworx computers don't care where a stock is going to be trading next year, next month, next week, or even tomorrow, because they are going to be in and out of it today in a matter of minutes. what's the point of buying and selling a stock that you hold for three minutes?

>> narang: same objective that all other participants have in the market is to... to make money. you buy low, sell high-- that's how you make money. >> kroft: and the computer will know when to buy and when to sell? >> narang: sure, the computer is monitoring real time data, and it knows what to do with that data and how to make decisions based on that. >> kroft: what narang and other high frequency traders tell their computers to do is to make a profit of a penny or less 40 million times day. they scan the different exchanges, trying to anticipate which direction individual stocks are likely to move in the next fraction of a second, based on current market conditions and statistical analysis of past performance. but the computers have no real understanding of who these companies are and what they do. so, it doesn't really know whether a company is well managed or whether... >> narang: not at all. >> kroft: and it doesn't care? >> narang: it doesn't know who the c.e.o. is or what that c.e.o.'s background is. doesn't know the management team. >> kroft: whether he's... whether he's going through a divorce? >> narang: exactly. >> kroft: whether he's just been sued for sexual harassment?

>> narang: right. it knows information that you can quantify about the company. >> kroft: it's all math? >> narang: it's all probability and statistics saying a procedure that you can define precisely. >> kroft: the trading instructions are programmed into the computers with complicated mathematical formulas called algorithms. narang showed us how it works with a simple hypothetical example he uses for demonstration purposes. >> narang: i'm going to test a strategy where if a stock went down 5% for the past week, i'm going to buy $5.00 of that stock. and if a different stock went up 10% last week, i'm going to sell $10.00 of that stock. and i'm going to do that for every stock that's in my tradable universe simultaneously. >> kroft: which is how many? >> narang: there's over 4,000 stocks... about 4,500 stocks. >> kroft: the strategy, which could only be successfully executed with a high speed computer, would result in almost as many losing trades as winners, but over the past eight years would have produced a tidy

profit, something that narang and other high frequency traders have gotten used to. and how successful have you been? >> narang: we've had two or three days in a row where we lose money. but we've never had a week, so far, where... where we lost. we've never had a month that... that was a loser for us. >> kroft: just four years ago, high frequency traders accounted for 30% of the stock trades in the u.s.; today, estimates range as high as 70%. and institutional traders like joe saluzzi of themis trading llc have come to believe that the game is rigged. >> joe saluzzi: how can you make money day after day? there was even one firm that said they made money four years in a row every single day. well, you have to be getting information that other people don't have. otherwise, statistically, that's an impossibility. >> kroft: actually, high frequency traders are getting the same market information that joe saluzzi gets. they are just getting it a little bit sooner. it's only a few fractions of a second sooner, but if you are running supercomputers, saluzzi says, it can be an eternity.

what you're saying is the people with the fastest computers have an advantage? they get the best deals? >> saluzzi: every time. absolutely. there's no doubt about it. i mean, if they're spending that kind of money, and they're using that type of infrastructure, they're doing it for a reason. and it is to get a speed advantage, in that respect. >> kroft: it's not just the speed of the super computers that's important, it's also their physical location. the closer they are to the stock exchange's server, the quicker they will be able to get critical market information. >> larry leibowitz: well, this has been in the works for at least four years, at this point. >> kroft: larry leibowitz, the chief operating officer of the new york stock exchange, believes its massive new data center in mahwah, new jersey, will help the exchange regain some of the market share it's lost to electronic trading platforms. and he is busy persuading traders to lease space in these stark black boxes for their super computers. this is one of the pods? >> leibowitz: this is one of the pods. this is the nerve center. >> kroft: it's called "co-location," a service that

high frequency traders will pay tens of thousands of dollars a month for, and includes access to raw data from the exchange that is almost instantaneous. >> leibowitz: we're getting down to, you know, how fast can the electrons travel at this point. >> saluzzi: they can predict the price of a stock before you can, because of the speed that they're using. >> kroft: so, they actually see the trades before you do? >> saluzzi: they can see order flow coming into the exchanges before a regular person off of say a bloomberg or somebody who doesn't have the co-location, the data feeds, and all the other sophisticated technology that they employ. which is not cheap, by the way. it's extremely expensive to set these things up. >> kroft: how much faster do they see it? >> saluzzi: it could be a few milliseconds. >> kroft: how much of an advantage is a couple of milliseconds? >> saluzzi: millions, if not billions, of dollars a year. >> kroft: that edge, joe saluzzi claims, has made high frequency traders the new insiders on wall street. and he says he spots signs of predatory behavior every day. saluzzi, who trades large blocks of stock for institutional investors, says the supercomputers are programmed to

place and then cancel thousands of orders a second, trying to sniff out which way a market is moving, in order to jump in ahead of big rallies and sell off before big declines. he calls them parasites who exploit a technological advantage to suck money out of the market and add no value. does it raise capital for companies? >> saluzzi: absolutely not. it... if anything, it's... it's distracting from the capital raising process. >> kroft: do these high- frequency trades have anything to do with market fundamentals? >> saluzzi: valuation is irrelevant. it's all about just moving the price up and down the ladder all day long. they don't... each day is new, each day starts fresh. so, you have to question the true valuation of the markets now. >> kroft: larry leibowitz of the new york stock exchange says there is absolutely no evidence that small investors are being hurt by high frequency trading. most of them, he says, don't care about pennies when they are buying and selling stocks, and they're in it for the longer haul. >> leibowitz: look, there's always been charges for as long as trading has existed that people are front-running orders, manipulating stocks.

this is nothing new. i think now you add to it the element of... the mysterious element of the computer, and it makes people even more mistrustful. >> kroft: leibowitz and other proponents of high-frequency, high-speed computer trading say it has performed a valuable function-- tripling volume, reducing stock spreads and transaction costs, and providing liquidity to the markets. >> narang: liquidity means that, if you want to buy or sell a stock, you could do it right away and you could do it at a fair price. that's what liquidity means, and without short-term traders, there is no liquidity. >> kroft: traders like manoj narang say their presence in the market is making it cheaper and easier for everyone to buy and sell stocks. but regulators and lawmakers like senator ted kaufman of delaware have other concerns. >> senator ted kaufman: clearly, liquidity's way up. but what i say is, liquidity's always trumped by transparency and fairness. you can't have fairness if you don't have transparency. >> kroft: senator kaufman, who has both business and

engineering degrees, says he is a big fan of technology, but he thinks it's gotten way ahead of financial regulators' ability to monitor it. right now, it's not even possible to determine for sure who is making high frequency trades or what they are telling their computers to do. >> kaufman: we don't... not know what's going inside those boxes. there's all types of allegations about what's going on inside there. and basically, what can happen is you can have these... these meltdowns where you can have a... a computer just go crazy and... and cause all kinds of problems. >> kroft: which takes us back to the mini crash on may 6 and one of the scariest rides in stock market history, when the dow industrials, at one point, plunged 600 points for no apparent reason. turns out, it was triggered when a mutual fund's computer dumped $4.1 billion of securities on the market in a 20-minute period, which were then gobbled up by the computers of high frequency traders and sold almost immediately, sending other computers and traders heading for the exits.

>> mary schapiro: the events of may 6 scared people. they're... i don't think there's any question about that. >> kroft: s.e.c. chairman mary schapiro had already proposed rule changes before may 6 that would allow regulators to track and tag high frequency trades, and she is now considering further measures. are you comfortable with computers making, you know, 50% to 70% of the trades on... on wall street? >> schapiro: one of the concerns is, if one goes wrong, if it operates in an uxpected way, given market conditions, what's the impact of that algorithm that has... has behaved in an unexpected way on lots of other investors in the marketplace. >> kroft: and chairman schapiro says it's happened since the may 6 crash, after circuit breakers were put in place that automatically halt trading in a stock that moves more than 10% in a five minute period. >> schapiro: a number of times that those circuit breakers have been triggered has been because an algorithm operated in a way

nobody intended for it to, causing a stock price to go wildly out of range. >> kroft: the crash contributed to the crisis in confidence on wall street. since last spring, people have pulled $70 billion out of mutual funds, and the biggest concern of chairman schapiro and senator kaufman is that average investors have lost faith in the integrity of the system. is that correct? >> kaufman: yes, that's true. correct. and i'll give you an example. when i was at wharton, professor came and he said, "you know, there's a river of wealth that runs through this country." he said, "a very small people know that it exists. some people can stand on a high hill and see it off in the distance; some people can get up on the edge; and there's other people are swimming in it." that's the perception american people have about what's going on wall street right now. they believe there's a small number of people who are swimming in this river of wealth. >> kroft: there are a lot of people out there who think that the stock market is rigged, rigged in the sense... >> leibowitz: right. >> kroft: ...that there are people out there who have advantages, the insiders, the big companies? >> leibowitz: right. yep. and i think that we have to do a better job of, first, obviously,

making sure it's not the case. but we can't be evasive about it. we have to make changes that make sense, that give people more confidence in the market, add more transparency, and make people feel like, "this is a place i can trust my retirement savings to." >> cbs money watch update. >> mitchell: good evening. up to 40 states reportedly will open a joint investigation in the questionable bank foreclosure paperwork. gas prices are on the rise again, up 8 cents in two weeks. with an average of 2.77 a gallon. and "the social network" won again at the weekend box office. i'm russ mitchell, cbs news.

>> simon: nelson mandela may well be the most admired human

being alive. in fact, it's difficult to imagine who could compete with him for the title. he went from being prisoner to president and, in the process, became an icon. but he is such a private man that we know very little about what he felt and thought throughout the 92 years of his life. that is, until now. a book is coming out this week called "conversations with myself." it's a collection of his notes, letters, diaries, scribblings, most of which he wrote during his 27 years in prison. we literally read what was going on in his mind when he was leading a struggle, when he was preparing to lead a nation. we've known mandela the man of history; now, we can begin to know mandela the man. he's hardly ever seen in public now, and doesn't give interviews, leaves home only for very special occasions, like a visit to his great-granddaughter zenani's school. >> nelson mandela: and where do you come from? >> um, i come from london. >> mandela: from london?

oh, have you met with the queen there? >> simon: that's the mandela we've seen so little of, the mandela who is captured in "conversations with myself." the book project began with an extraordinary mandate-- take my personal archives and do what you want with them. >> verne harris: he's said, "i don't want you to ask me, 'is this too personal, is this too potentially embarrassing?'" >> simon: verne harris, chief archivist at the mandela foundation, spent years going through the mountains of material. he wants to see the mandela, as they say, warts and all? >> harris: he said, "you don't have to protect me." >> simon: mandela kept records of everything, in desk calendars, memo pads, every scrap of paper he could lay his hands on. hmm! that writing is incredible, it's tiny! the most revealing are two notebooks with drafts of letters

he wrote from robben island, south africa's alcatraz, where he was serving a life sentence for sabotage. this is the only footage we have of mandela, the prisoner. he was allowed to send and receive one letter every six months. and the letters reveal that his passion for his wife winnie never waned. "what a masterpiece," he wrote after she sent him a picture of herself. "the picture has aroused all the tender feelings in me and softened the grimness that is all around. it has sharpened my longing for you and our sweet and peaceful home." >> winnie mandela: amandla! >> simon: winnie had become mandela's voice on the outside, and the apartheid regime came down on her with a vengeance. she was repeatedly thrown into jail and tortured. the struggle was now not only devastating their lives; their two young daughters had been effectively abandoned.

mandela was incredibly blunt about what awaited them. "my darlings" he wrote, "once again, our beloved mommy has been arrested, and now, she and daddy are away in jail. you may live like orphans, without your own home and parents. you will get no birthday or christmas parties, no presents or new dresses, no shoes or toys." what does it feel like reading it today? >> zindzi mandela: it takes me back to very difficult times. and, again, it's... it's still not easy to talk about those times. >> simon: mandela's youngest daughter zindzi was a toddler when he was taken away. she didn't see him again until she was 15 and traveled to visit him on the island. they were separated by a glass partition; guards listened to every word. >> zindzi mandela: he was so protective and so charming, and he tried to make me imagine sitting at home on his lap in

front of the fireplace and him reading me a story. >> simon: did you cry? >> zindzi mandela: yes, i did. >> simon: did he cry? >> zindzi mandela: no, he didn't. i've very rarely seen my father, like, even close to tears. >> simon: but mandela wrote with tears of what he went through when his mother died, and when his eldest son thembi was killed in a car crash. "the news was broken to me at 2:30 p.m.," he wrote. "suddenly, my heart had seemed to stop beating, and the warm blood that had freely flowed in my veins for the last 51 years froze into ice." mandela asked for permission to leave the island and attend their funerals. the authorities said no. mac maharaj, a fellow prisoner, says mandela didn't even wince. >> mac maharaj: he had to hold his emotions tightly to himself. he could not divulge to the authorities and let them feel

that this was a weakness in his armor. >> simon: reveal nothing-- that was mandela's strategy. and organize the prisoners into a government in waiting. he never doubted that the racist regime would be overthrown. so even back then, he started preparing. first move-- learn the language of the oppressor, afrikaans. the language of the enemy? >> maharaj: the language of the enemy, and i was totally opposed to it. and he said to me, "mac, do you agree that we are now in a protracted war?" i said, "yes." he says, "you've got to understand the general on the other side." i said, "yes." he says, "to understand him, you've got to know his language." >> simon: the book contains defiant letters mandela wrote to the authorities reminding them that, as political prisoners, they had rights and should be treated with dignity. in response, he got a visit from a general who was intent on putting mandela in his place. >> maharaj: and he says to mandela, "mandela?

you better remember you are a prisoner." and in a very polite way, he says to him, "general, you and i may be generals on the opposite side of this war. at some point, even if it is to accept the surrender from the other, we'll have to meet. and how we treat each other now will determine how we interact at that moment." >> simon: the regime was then forced to change its strategy. it tried to undermine mandela in the most insidious way. he was moved to a private house in a prison on the mainland, equipped with a chef and a swimming pool. officials came to see him, brought along a case of wine, and tempted him to sell out. >> harris: this was the key moment, for me, in nelson mandela's life. this was when he was most at risk, because he starts negotiating from prison on his own. he's incredibly vulnerable. >> simon: what could have happened to him?

>> harris: he could have been played into making concessions. he could have been played into compromising himself in ways that would have been irredeemable. and he didn't make one mistake. >> simon: so when he walked out of prison, he knew, the world knew, that he was walking to the presidency, taking over the country that had been run by white racists for more than 40 years. how do you explain that incredible confidence? >> harris: i think, from very early on, he had a very strong sense of destiny. and there was almost a sense that he knew he needed to go to prison before coming out to do the work that... that awaited him. >> simon: he knew, before he was captured, that one day, he would be called president mandela? >> harris: i... i think so. >> simon: he may have won, but the country was on the brink of a civil war. he ruled with the exact same strategy he had employed as a prisoner.

don't go for revenge, go for reconciliation. he showed up at the finals of rugby's world cup. this was the white sport in south africa, and here was a black president wearing the team jersey, waving the team cap. spectators, the team were stunned. >> and nelson mandela is cheering along with the whole of the stadium. >> simon: mandela had won again. he brought afrikaners into his government, including zelda la grange. she has rarely spoken out before but, because of the book, she spoke to us. this is zelda back then. she was a typist in the presidential office building when mandela took over. one day, she literally bumped into him in a corridor. >> zelda la grange: and he stopped me and he started speaking in afrikaans with me. >> simon: in afrikaans? >> la grange: that's right. >> simon: your language.

>> la grange: which is my home language. and i didn't understand a word he was saying because i was so shocked. there was a feeling of guilt immediately over... overtaking my emotions, that i felt responsible for taking away so many years of his life. >> simon: you broke down? >> la grange: yes, yes, i started crying. >> simon: mandela hired zelda, brought her into his office. >> mandela: zelda la grange? >> simon: he wanted his old oppressors to know they'd be okay in the new south africa. zelda la grange had a role to play. so it was a political decision, you think. >> la grange: yes, definitely. there was some political thinking behind it, for sure, some strategy, absolutely. >> simon: it wasn't long before zelda became his most trusted assistant. for the last 16 years, every pop star, politician, president or pope who wanted to see the great man knew enough to cozy up to zelda la grange. >> mandela: i still recognize

you! >> simon: you become his granddaughter, didn't you? >> la grange: i mean, i love him like my... you know, my own family, so... >> simon: "love" is the word? >> la grange: definitely-- adore, love, admire. >> simon: it wasn't just zelda. mandela was winning the love and admiration of, well, just about everyone. but there was one person who didn't buy into all that. nelson mandela. he was actually troubled that the world saw him as a saint. "i never was one," he wrote at the end of the book, "even on the basis of an earthly definition of a saint as a sinner who keeps on trying." and mandela was the first to admit that, before he went to prison, he didn't try very hard. he once told mac maharaj that he'd "led a thoroughly immoral life." his first wife divorced him, at least in part, because of his alleged infidelities. and now that he's no longer a partisan or a president, many tales are being told of his many days and many nights with many women.

do you think this will tarnish his image? >> maharaj: no. because he's a human being. he's like you and i. >> simon: but he's not. how could he be? he is the leader of one of the most important revolutions of the 20th century. and nothing else ever mattered. whenever he had to choose, your father chose the struggle over his family. did that make you angry? >> zindzi mandela: oh, yes, it did. of course, it did. i would get hurt. i would get angry, especially when i was younger. i mean, i grew up wanting my father to come back home, wanting to be an ordinary family. i don't know what that was like to have a father, you know, to tuck me in at night. >> simon: mandela knew what he was doing to the lives of his family, but says he would do it all over again. "they are not the only people who are suffering," he says in the book. "hundreds, millions, in our country are suffering.

i felt i made the correct decision." >> simon: mandela dedicated the book to his great-granddaughter zenani, who you may remember from the beginning of the story. this past june, she was killed in a car crash. ♪ [ man ] i thought our family business would always be boots. until one day, my daughter showed me a designer handbag. and like that, we had a new side to our business. [ male announcer ] when the martinez family saw an opportunity, the hartford was there. protecting their employees and property, and helping them prepare for the future. nice boots. nice bag. [ male announcer ] see how the hartford helps businesses at achievewhatsahead.com. [ male announcer ] see how the hartford helps businesses everything is better with swanson broth in it, an essential ingredient in any kitchen.

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she fought to get our veterans the first full combat care center in california.

her after school law is keeping a million kids off the street and out of gangs. and she's fighting every day to create new jobs. i'm working to make california the leader in clean energy. to jump-start our small businesses with tax credits and loans to create thousands more california jobs. i'm barbara boxer, and i approve this message... because i want to see the words made in america again. >> now anderson cooper. >> cooper: his real name is marshall mathers, but you probably know him as eminem. he is the biggest selling artist of the past decade, earning 11 grammys, one oscar, and mountains of criticism for

lyrics that are as profane as they are poetic. whether you are a fan of rap or not, eminem's life story is an extraordinary tale of success against all odds, a story he hasn't talked much about until now. we met up with him in his hometown, detroit, in order to find out how a white kid who never made it past the ninth grade was able to propel himself to the top of a predominantly african-american art form. >> eminem: yo, yo, yo, yo! >> cooper: when eminem stepped out of the shadows last month in detroit in front of 40,000 people, it was a triumphant comeback for a superstar who had all but disappeared. at 37, sober, after struggling with addiction for the past five years, he has the energy and intensity of a boxer, a fighter trying to win from the crowd one simple thing. >> eminem: respect. >> cooper: respect? >> eminem: respect. you know, not to sound corny or nothing, but i felt like a fighter coming up, man. i felt like, you know, i'm being attacked for this reason or that

reason and i got to fight my way through this. >> cooper: he's been fighting since he was a kid, living on the rough side of detroit's eight mile, the road dividing the white suburbs from the mostly black city. "8 mile" is also the title of the critically acclaimed movie eminem starred in, his character based largely on himself-- an aspiring white rapper with a dead-end job, a troubled mother, and a dream of escaping his bleak life. you still come back here? >> eminem: yeah. >> cooper: to understand how eminem got to where he is today, you need to know where he came from. not just a broken home but a series of them. raised by a single mom, they lived hand to mouth, on and off welfare, constantly moving from one place to another. so you had to change schools every couple of months? >> eminem: yeah, i would change schools two, three times a year. that was probably the roughest part about it all. >> cooper: the roughest, and most formative. he was a shy kid in tough public schools and was frequently bullied. you got beat up a lot as a kid. >> eminem: yeah, there was a few

instances. >> cooper: you got beat up coming home from school. >> eminem: beat up in bathrooms, beat up in the hallways, shoved into lockers. you know, just for... you know, for the most part, man, you know, just being the new kid. >> cooper: he discovered rap as a teenager, and in its tough talk and street smart sound, found his voice. after dropping out of high school, he began competing in local rap battles, depicted in the movie, one-on-one verbal fights where the goal was to come up with the cleverest rhymes and the best insults. >> what's the matter, dog, you embarrassed? this guy's a gangster? his real name is clarence. >> eminem: hip hop has always been bragging and boasting, and "i'm better than you at this and i'm better than you at that." and i finally found something that, yeah, this kid over here, you know, he may have more chicks, and he may, you know, have better clothes, or whatever, but he can't do this like me. you know what i mean?

he can't write what i'm writing right now. and it started to feel like, you know, maybe marshall's getting a little respect. >> cooper: that respect was hard won. he was often the only white guy competing in underground clubs like this. did you feed off the fact that people maybe underestimated you, or didn't respect you early on? >> eminem: oh, definitely, definitely there was certainly, like, a rebellious, like, youthful rage in me. and there was also the fact of no getting away from the fact that i am white and, you know, this is predominantly black music, you know. and people telling me "you don't belong. like, you're not going to succeed because you are this color." then, you want to show those people that you can and you will. hi, my name is hi, my name is... hi, my name is... >> cooper: ever since eminem broke out from the underground and into the mainstream in 1999, he's amazed audiences and

critics alike with his ability to tell stories through music and rapid-fire wordplay. >> eminem: ♪ till i'm toppling from the top ♪ i'm not going to stop ♪ i'm standing on my monopoly board ♪ that means i'm on top of my game ♪ and it don't stop till my hip don't hop anymore ♪ when you so good that you can't say it ♪ because it ain't even cool for you to sound cocky anymore... >> cooper: he writes all of his own songs and delights in rhyming words others can't. >> eminem: ♪ his arms are heavy knees weak, palms are sweaty ♪ there's vomit on his sweater already ♪ mom's spaghetti ♪ he's nervous but on the surface ♪ he seems calm and ready, to drop bombs... >> cooper: we talked to him about how he does it in his private recording studio. i've heard you say that you bend the words. >> eminem: yeah. yeah, it's just in the annunciation of it. like, people say that the word "orange" doesn't rhyme with anything, and that kind of pisses me off because i can think of a lot of things that rhyme with "orange." >> cooper: what rhymes with "orange"? i can't think of anything. >> eminem: if you're taking the

word at face value and you just say "orange," nothing is going to rhyme with it exactly if you annunciate it and you make it like more than one syllable. "orange"-- you could say like, ♪ i put my orange four-inch door hinge ♪ in storage and ate porridge with george. so, you just have to figure out the... the science to breaking down words and try to... >> cooper: do you think about this throughout the day? i mean, you're driving along-- do you think about rhyming words? >> eminem: yeah. all day. yeah, i actually drive myself insane with it. >> cooper: but it's interesting. i mean, for a guy who hated school, who, you know, was in the ninth grade three times, you spend all your times thinking about words. >> eminem: i found that no matter how bad i was at school, like, and no matter how low my grades might have been at sometimes, i always was good at english. >> cooper: i heard that you used to read the dictionary. >> eminem: i just felt like i

want to be able to have all of these words at my disposal, in my vocabulary at all times whenever i need to pull them out. you know, somewhere, they'll be stored, like, locked away. >> cooper: his words are stored, but they're not exactly locked away. he actually keeps them in boxes. you store stuff in boxes like this? >> eminem: yes. >> cooper: inside are hundreds of scraps of paper on which he's obsessively scrawled down words and phrases. so wait, this is a pad from a hotel in paris it looks like? >> eminem: yeah. >> cooper: you just scribbled... you have four little words just scribbled down. how do you even read this? this is tiny. >> eminem: i know what it says, i guess. i might use it, actually. it's not bad. >> cooper: they're not lyrics, really-- they're just ideas that he collects. he calls it "stacking ammo." i've gotten letters from crazy people and they kind of look like this-- sometimes, all in capital letters or scrawled on the page like this. >> eminem: yeah?

well, that's probably because i'm crazy. ♪ see, they can trigger me but they can never figure me out... >> cooper: listen to the lyrics of many of his early songs, and you do get the feeling his music has been a painfully public way of settling scores, including with his mother... >> eminem: ♪ i'm sorry, mama i never meant to hurt you ♪ i never meant to make you cry but tonight i'm... >> cooper: ...and his father, who left him when he was six months old. >> eminem: ♪ i never knew him so... >> cooper: never met him since? >> eminem: never met him, never knew him, no. >> cooper: do you want to? >> eminem: i don't know. i don't know. some people ask me that. i don't think i do. i just... i can't understand how... if my kids were moved to the edge of the earth, i'd find them. no doubt in my mind. no money, no nothing-- if i had nothing, i'd find my kids. so, there's no excuse. there's no excuse. >> cooper: eminem may be fiercely protective of his kids, but he's been accused of being harmful to just about everybody else's. the language he's used in songs

sparked protests and accusations that he promoted violence against women and gays. he's been branded a misogynist and a homophobe. >> eminem: i felt like i was being attacked. >> cooper: like you were being singled out? >> eminem: i was being singled out. and i felt like, is it because of the color of my skin? is it because that you're paying more attention? is... is it because... there's certain rappers that do and say the same things that i'm saying, and i don't hear no one saying anything about that. i didn't just invent saying offensive things. >> cooper: i mean some of the lyrics-- "kill you." "bitch, i'm gonna kill you you-- you don't want to 'eff' with me." "my word's like a dagger with a jagged edge that'll stab you in the head, whether you're a fag or a lez pants or dress, hate fags, the answer's yes." >> eminem: yeah, the scene that i came up in, that word was thrown around so much, you know? "faggot" was, like, it was thrown around constantly to each other, like, in battling, you know what i mean? >> cooper: but, i mean, do you

not like gay people? >> eminem: no, i don't have any problem with nobody, you know what i mean? like, i'm just whatever. >> cooper: and... and for some parent who's listening to this, and says, "well, you know, my kid hears this, hears you calling somebody a bitch or using the f-word, and starts to use it themselves." do you feel a sense of responsibility? >> eminem: i feel like it's your job to parent them. if you're the parent, be a parent. you know what i mean? i'm a parent. i have daughters. i mean, how would i really sound, as a person, like, walking around my house, you know, "bitch, pick this up." you know what i mean? like, i don't cuss... >> cooper: that's not how you are in your real life? >> eminem: profanity around my house, no. but this is music, this is my art, this is what i do. >> cooper: despite the controversy, or maybe because of it, he's sold more than 80 million albums worldwide. but he admits he's had a hard time adjusting to all the attention. for much of his career, he was high during his performances, and eventually became addicted to vicodin, valium, and ambien.

in december of 2007, he overdosed, collapsing in the bathroom of his home. you almost died? >> eminem: yeah, definitely. >> cooper: how close do you think you were to dying? >> eminem: they said two hours. if i would have got to the hospital two hours later, that would have been it. because my organs, everything... my kidneys, everything were failing. everything was shutting down. >> cooper: he's been sober two and a half years now. but has had to teach himself how to write again, rap again, and even how to perform, as he told us hours before a detroit concert promoting his new album called "recovery." >> cooper: so, this is your first u.s. stadium concert that you're sober? >> eminem: yeah. yup. >> cooper: do you ever... i mean, when you look out, you know, and you see 40,000 people and they're all singing your songs, i mean... >> eminem: it's crazy. i mean, you can... an artist can say that they get used to it or whatever. but i think that they... they're probably lying if they do. because you got to be wowed, man. you got to be, like, you got to be taken back by seeing this

many people and their faces, and you know what i mean? >> cooper: and do you actually see their faces when you're performing? >> eminem: oh, yeah. yeah, i do, now. before, it was a big blur. everybody in here who is an eminem fan, man, i just want to take a minute out to say thank you for the support that you all have shown me, and for not giving up on me on some real ( bleep ). thank you, man. especially you, detroit. i love you. this song is for you. >> cooper: his songs are still deeply personal, but some of the hard-edged anger has softened. in his new song, "not afraid," he offers a hand to those in need. you say, "everybody, come take my hand. we'll walk this road together." ten years ago, could you have imagined yourself sing... rapping something like that? >> eminem: no, i couldn't. probably not. i don't want to go overboard with it, but i do feel like that if i can help people that have been through a similar situation, then, you know, why not?

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