chase. so you can. >> cooper: president obama's budget for nasa includes a plan to capture a tiny asteroid so that astronauts could rendezvous with it by 2025. the idea is to perfect techniques needed to explore captioning funded by cbs and ford deep space, and perhaps find a way to exploit the water >> basically, all my voices i resources that many comets and have are just thought, just asteroids have. >> yeomans: you could extract voices telling me to harm myself water from them. or harm other people or kill you could break the water down into hydrogen and oxygen, which people. is the most efficient form of rocket fuel. so asteroids may serve as the and that's why i think i need to fueling stations and watering get on medication because i holes for future planetary exploration. don't want to hurt anyone, and because i know schizophrenics >> cooper: but as the aren't violent. scriptwriters of the hollywood >> kroft: that's mostly true-- the overwhelming majority of blockbuster "armageddon" vividly imagined, asteroids have the potential to harm mankind as people with schizophrenia aren't well. violent. but as you'll see tonight, half for better or worse, this is of the mass killings in this what many of us know about near- country were committed by people with severe mental illness and who were not being treated for it. earth objects-- that if bruce willis hadn't nuked one, it and there are millions more of would have destroyed the world. them out there. i mean, you see these movies with bruce willis where an asteroid is coming and is going to destroy the world. >> simon: he is considered the is that likely? jon stewart of egypt, and all he >> yeomans: no. needs to say is "welcome to the no. program" to make an entire country laugh. we've found 95% of the large

ones, and none of them represent a threat within the next 100 years or so. >> ( speaking arabic ) >> cooper: what about the other 5%? >> simon: we're not kidding. an estimated 30 million people >> yeomans: we're still looking. tune in to see bassem youssef's show. >> cooper: he's talking about objects over half a mile wide that are big enough to cause they love to see him skewer those in power, like the time he global destruction. made fun of president morsi's the problem is, there are lots of smaller objects over 40 yards outfit during an award ceremony. in diameter that are unaccounted for and potentially very ( cheers and applause ) dangerous. bassem youssef has been called an infidel and traitor, even >> ed lu: if you look at the pulled off tv. >> does satire get you into light green dot, that's the orbit of the earth. trouble? >> cooper: ed lu is a former astronaut who spent six months >> it doesn't get me into the kind of trouble it gets you into. on the international space station. ( laughter ) he showed us a computer- generated representation of our solar system-- that's the sun in >> cooper: this is video of an the center, and those green dots asteroid in russia, barreling are 10,000 near-earth objects toward earth at 40,000 miles an hour. it exploded into pieces 19 miles astronomers have found so far. above and 25 miles south of the >> lu: so these green dots are the asteroids that could hit the city of chelyabinsk... earth. ( windows shattering, >> cooper: this is the... about the 10,000 known asteroids? >> lu: yes, these are the 10,000 people screaming ) known asteroids. here's the problem. ...shattering glass, crushing there's about a factor of 100 more. doors, and knocking some people the real solar system looks like this. right off their feet. and we know this because we've more than 1,000 were injured. only been able to observe a small fraction of the sky, and >> they're very low probability events, but very high we know that there's about 100

consequence events. times more asteroids than we've found. >> cooper: wait... wait, this is all the asteroids that are... it's something that may not happen for another 100 years, >> lu: there are about a million asteroids large enough to 200 years. destroy a city out there. it may happen tomorrow morning. >> cooper: and right now, we only know of... of what percent of those asteroids? >> i'm steve kroft. >> lu: about one half of 1%. >> i'm lesley stahl. >> i'm morley safer. >> cooper: does it worry you >> i'm bob simon. that you only know 1% of these >> i'm anderson cooper. asteroids that are big enough to >> i'm scott pelley. destroy a city? those stories tonight on "60 >> chodas: well, most of those minutes". are really small. and the odds are that many of these would hit in a remote area or they could hit in an ocean. so that is why the larger ones are those that we were paying attention to first. now, the next size range is the one to concentrate on, those that can cause, you know, continent-wide extinction or destruction. >> cooper: yeah. that would be pretty good to prevent that continent-wide destruction. >> chodas: those are the next ones. we'll continue to find those. and we work our way down to the small ones. >> cooper: but right now, an object that could wipe out the eastern seaboard or new york a woman who loves to share her passions. grandma! mary has atrial fibrillation, city could be a day away and an irregular heartbeat there's a very good chance we not caused by a heart valve problem. wouldn't know about it.

that puts her at a greater risk of stroke. >> yeomans: well, we're working rome? to make sure that we will know about it. sure! >> cooper: but right now, we wouldn't know about it. before xarelto®, mary took warfarin, >> chodas: it's possible, yes. which required monthly trips to get her blood tested. >> the committee on science, space and technology will come but that's history. to order... >> cooper: nasa administrator back to the museum? charles bolden faced similar not this time! now that her doctor switched her to once-a-day xarelto®, questions from congress after the near-miss in russia last year. mary can leave those monthly trips behind. >> what would we do if you domestic flight? detected even a small one, like not today! like warfarin, xarelto® is proven the one that detonated in effective to reduce afib-related stroke risk. russia, headed for new york city but xarelto® is the first and only once-a-day in three weeks? prescription blood thinner for patients with afib what would we do? >> charles bolden: if it's not caused by a heart valve problem that doesn't require regular blood monitoring. coming in three weeks, pray. >> cooper: is there anything you so mary is free of that monitoring routine. can do to deflect an asteroid for patients currently well managed on warfarin, that's going to hit, besides evacuating a city? there is limited information on how xarelto® and warfarin compare in reducing the risk of stroke. >> yeomans: if you find it ten or 20 or 30 years in advance, then yes, you could actually xarelto® is just one pill a day taken with the evening meal. send a spacecraft up, run into it, slow it down a millimeter or spinach? grazie! two per second so that, in ten plus, with no known dietary restrictions, or 20 years, when it was mary can eat the healthy foods she likes. predicted to hit the earth, it wouldn't. >> cooper: just slam a spacecraft into it. don't stop taking xarelto®, rivaroxaban, >> yeomans: just slam into it. unless your doctor tells you to. >> cooper: in 2005, nasa did just that-- as an experiment, while taking xarelto®, you may bruise more easily firing a small unmanned

and it may take longer for bleeding to stop. spacecraft into a comet called tempel one. xarelto® may increase your risk of bleeding but you can't deflect what you if you take certain medicines. don't detect, which is why xarelto® can cause serious bleeding, former astronaut ed lu has taken on a new mission. and in rare cases, may be fatal. >> lu: here's the telescope that get help right away we're building. if you develop unexpected bleeding, unusual bruising, or tingling. >> cooper: he's now chairman of the b612 foundation, which has if you have had spinal anesthesia while on xarelto®, designed a space-based telescope to speed up the discovery of watch for back pain or any nerve near-earth objects. or muscle related signs or symptoms. do not take xarelto® nasa's amy mainzer has been developing one, too. if you have an artificial heart valve or abnormal bleeding. both telescopes would be able to tell your doctor before all planned medical find asteroids by using infra- or dental procedures. red sensors that detect heat before starting xarelto®, rather than light. tell your doctor about any conditions, such as kidney, liver, or bleeding problems. but a telescope like this would cost roughly half a billion switching to xarelto® was the right move for mary. dollars, and so far neither the united states nor any other ask your doctor about once-a-day xarelto®. government has committed no regular blood monitoring; significant funds. no known dietary restrictions. so the b612 foundation is trying for information and savings options download the xarelto® patient center app, to raise the money privately by reaching out to individual donors. call 1-888-xarelto, >> lu: i don't think there's any or visit goxarelto.com other global catastrophe, global scale catastrophe that we can e prevent. this is the only one that i know of we can solve this particular financial noise issue for the cost of building a freeway overpass.

financial noise i mean, and that's literally what it is. >> cooper: but nobody has been killed by an asteroid. financial noise >> lu: yeah. financial noise and what i'm saying is that you can't wait till that point afterwards, when you say, "we should have done it." >> cooper: you have to think of this as cosmic roulette, right? >> lu: the phrase that they have in vegas is that the house always wins and, you know, the sort of secret to all this is that we're not the house. at some point, you know, the solar system's going to get you. >> yeomans: they're very low- probability events, but very high-consequence events. >> cooper: the problem it seems like is you're asking people to care about something which may not affect their lives, may not even affect their children's lives. >> yeomans: that's true. it's a tough concept to get across because, as you say, it's something that may not happen for another 100 years, 200 years. it may happen tomorrow morning. >> cooper: after this story first aired, new research came >> kroft: the past several weeks out suggesting small asteroids have seen another deadly crash into our atmosphere much more frequently than previously outbreak of mass shootings by thought. lone gunmen in their 20s on or this year, congress increased near college campuses, part of nasa's budget for asteroid an epidemic of senseless detection, but there's still not violence that's now occurring on a regular basis.

enough money, public or private, it's become harder and harder to to launch one of those proposed ignore the fact that the infra-red telescopes into space. majority of the people pulling the triggers have turned out to be severely mentally ill, not in nice. wrench? control of their faculties and not receiving treatment. what? aflac! in the words of one of the so this is who you brought to help us out? country's top psychiatrists, oh yeah, he's the best. hmm... these were preventable he doesn't look like he's seen a tool in his life. tragedies, symptoms of a failed oh, he doesn't know anything about tools. mental health system that's aflac-ac-ac-ac-ac-ac-ac! but when i broke my arm, he lent a hand. prohibited from intervening he paid my claim in just four days. until a judge determines that someone presents an "imminent four days? wow! it's no accident - aflac pays fast. find out how fast at aflac.com danger to themselves or others." and as we first reported last fall, the consequence is a and remember,accidents don't society that's neglected hurt as much when you have aflac. millions of seriously ill people hidden in plain sight on the streets of our cities, or locked better. away in prisons or jails. athis is paul's office. there is something eerily for those who believe a serious job similar about the shooters, as if they were variations of the doesn't have to feel so serious. one a day men's vitacraves with key nutrients like b-vitamins. same person-- all young males, often with the same glazed all the fun of a gummy that's a complete multivitamin. expression, loners who exhibited bizarre behavior and withdrew into their own troubled world. they're often portrayed as ♪ villains.

but dr. e. fuller torrey says their deeds have much more to do with sickness and health than [ male announcer ] give dad a gift he'll love. good and evil. get this porter cable compressor for just $99 >> e. fuller torrey: every person i've taken care of, and i've taken care of several at lowe's. hundred of these people, had a very good reason for doing what looked to be crazy behavior. you stand behind what you say. there's a saying around here, but in their mind, it wasn't crazy behavior. around here you don't make excuses. it was in response to something that was very logical, that their voices were telling them; you make commitments. or that their delusions were telling them. and when you can't live up to them, you own up, and make it right. >> kroft: dr. torrey is one of the most famous psychiatrists in some people think the kind of accountability the country, an expert on severe that thrives on so many streets in this country mental illness, and a staunch critic of the way the country has gone missing in the places where it's needed most. deals with it. how much of these terrible but i know you'll still find it incidents that we've had, these when you know where to look. mass shootings, is traceable to deficiencies in the mental healthcare system? >> torrey: well, they're directly related. about half of these mass killings are being done by people with severe mental illness, mostly schizophrenia. and if they were being treated, they would've been preventable. >> kroft: for example, before killing 12 people at the washington navy yard last september, the gunman, aaron alexis, told police that he was hearing voices and being bombarded by strangers with a

microwave machine. if he had been transported to a psych ward, the shootings might never have happened. in 2007, virginia tech student seung-hui cho was behaving so irrationally that a court ordered him to seek mental health care. the order was never carried out. cho killed himself and 32 others. and before james holmes dressed up as the joker and shot 70 >> kroft: i'm steve kroft. we will be back next week with another edition of "60 minutes". people in a movie theater, campus police at the university captioning funded by cbs of colorado had been warned that and ford captioned by he was potentially violent. media access group at wgbh access.wgbh.org ( telephone rings ) holmes had been a brilliant graduate student there studying the inner workings of the brain, until something suddenly went wrong with his. hi, honey. dr. jeffrey lieberman, who is how's the camping trip? president of the american well, kids had fun, but i think i slept on a rock. psychiatric association, says it's not that unusual. what are you doing? having coffee. >> jeffrey lieberman: you can be ah, sounds good! the most popular student, you i thought you'd say that. ah. can be the valedictorian of your class. ♪ the best part of wakin' up... ♪ you're the best! and if you develop schizophrenia, it will change wake up to the mountain grown aroma of folgers. the functioning of your brain and change the nature of your ♪ ... is folgers in your cup!

behavior. >> kroft: you could be completely normal at age 20, how much money do you think you'll need when you retire? perhaps a good student or a gifted student and a solid then we gave each person a ribbon citizen, and at 21 or 22 be to show how many years that amount might last. psychotic? i was trying to, like, pull it a little further. >> lieberman: absolutely. [ woman ] got me to 70 years old. i'm going to have to rethink this thing. >> kroft: dr. lieberman, who it's hard to imagine how much we'll need runs the psychiatry department for a retirement that could last 30 years or more. at columbia university's medical school, says that schizophrenia so maybe we need to approach things differently, has a genetic component and if we want to be ready for a longer retirement. tends to run in families, affecting the way the circuits ♪ in the brain develop. you can see the structural abnormalities in a brain scan. >> lieberman: and you see people, a young adult, with a normal brain, same age with, who has schizophrenia, and you see that -- that degenerative process has already begun. >> kroft: this is really a disease of the brain. not a disease of the mind? >> lieberman: absolutely. >> kroft: it lies dormant during childhood and usually emerges in late adolescence and early adulthood, affecting perception and judgment. people see things that aren't there and hear voices that aren't real. what's the nature of these

voices and what do they say? >> lieberman: usually it's multiple voices, talking about them in the third person, as if they're not there. they may be saying, "you're a horrible person. everybody hates you. the only way that you can justify yourself is to lash out at them." >> kroft: how strong are the voices? >> lieberman: when they're at their worst, the person can't distinguish the voices from their illness and they think the if we want to be ready for a longer retirement. voices are part of them, and if they tell them what to do, they'll follow it. >> jacob bowman: i hear a voice. it's a man's voice and it's really, really deep. it's a really deep and scary man's voice... >> kroft: schizophrenia is more common than you might think. several million americans have it. 17-year-old jacob bowman has been struggling with it for a couple of years. >> bowman: this is basically me on a bad day, i guess. because i can't think straight. my thoughts are racing really, really fast. >> kroft: he's dropped out of

high school, lives at home under the watchful eyes of his parents, and rarely goes out because he thinks people are trying to kill him. he spends much of his time on social media-- we found him on youtube-- where he shares his world with other young people who have the same symptoms. he wants them to know that they're not alone and that the voices and hallucinations are not real. >> bowman: basically, all my voices i have are just thought, just voices telling me to harm myself or harm other people or kill people. and that's why i think i need to get on medication because i don't want to hurt anyone. and because i know schizophrenics aren't violent. >> kroft: and he's mostly right. the vast majority of people with schizophrenia never show any signs of violence. mike robertson was 19 years old and away at college when he was diagnosed three years ago. >> mike robertson: i felt like there was people around me, like, bad people or nice people. >> kroft: even when there was nobody there. >> robertson: yeah. and that's what really, that's

what really got to me. >> linda doran: he told me over the phone, "i feel like i'm going insane. i swear there is a bug in my head and i just want to tear at my eyes and my skin and my scalp to get it out of there so i don't have to hear it anymore." captioning sponsored by cbs very scary. >> kroft: michael's mother, linda doran, brought him back to california and got him into treatment, which consists of regular therapy sessions and daily doses of heavy-duty anti- >> thank you, thank you, thank you! psychotic drugs that stabilize him and help control the >> one more, right here. symptoms. >> robertson: clozapine. it's an anti-psychotic. haloperidol. cogentin or benztropine. (cheers and applause) fluvoxatine or prozac, lorazepam for anxiety. >> kroft: they often leave him listless or groggy, which is one of the reasons people with severe mental illness often stop taking them. ♪ a lot of people with your illness say the drugs make them feel worse. ♪ they just hate it. >> robertson: yeah. i can see that with the side

effects. but it's better than having schizophrenic symptoms. >> kroft: what worries you the most? >> doran: the future and the future without myself being here. because i am mike's caregiver. i am his advocate. and so if i am not here, who will be? >> kroft: it is a serious concern and a sobering thought, because it's estimated that half of the seven million people in the country with schizophrenia and other forms of severe mental illness are not being treated at all. >> duanne luckow: this is day ten now of my fast. so i'm feeling really, really good. >> kroft: duanne luckow is one of them. he has spent the past three years on and off the street and in and out of jails and mental institutions, but he doesn't acknowledge that there is anything wrong with him and has refused treatment. he's been recording the events in his life to prove that he is sane and that the rest of the world is out to get him. >> do you have a gun at home? >> luckow: do i have a gun at my home? yes, i have a gun at my home. >> okay. so it's a true statement. >> kroft: there's a confrontation with police at his

parents' home, and this full- blown psychotic episode on the top of multnomah falls in oregon, in which he threatens to go over the side. >> luckow: i come from the planet of pluto! i'm here to protect this planet! i'm here to bring justice about! there is no justice. this planet is entirely corrupt! the fbi wanted to screw around with me! they didn't want to give me my atm cards! >> sandra luckow: it really feels as though he's on the edge. it's pretty scary. >> kroft: duanne gave the footage to his sister, sandra luckow, a documentary filmmaker who teaches in new york. >> duanne luckow: may the truth be known! >> kroft: she spent years trying to help him. >> sandra luckow: on a certain level, this would make him crazy to think that the very thing that he thinks is going to exonerate him shows how crazy he is. >> kroft: did you have trouble getting him treatment? >> sandra luckow: ( laughs ) yes. yes, a tremendous amount of trouble getting him treatment. >> kroft: she is no longer sure her brother can be helped, and

has kept her distance ever since he sent her a threatening email. >> sandra luckow: he said that someone was going to come to my apartment with an ar-15 hollow point bullet and spatter my brains all over my apartment. >> kroft: has he ever been violent? >> sandra luckow: not that i know. >> kroft: but you think it's possible? >> sandra luckow: sure. >> ( screams ) >> kroft: 50 years ago, someone like duanne luckow would have ended up in a place like this, involuntarily committed to one of the big state-run hospitals that were used to warehouse the seriously mentally ill. documentaries like frederick wiseman's "titicut follies" helped expose the dehumanizing conditions and led to reforms. one by one, the big asylums were shut down, and over time, a half-million inmates were released into communities to fend for themselves. they were supposed to be housed in residential treatment centers, medicated, and supervised by case workers at walk-in clinics.

but the programs were never adequately funded. >> torrey: what we did is, we emptied out the hospitals. and on any given day now in the united states, half of the people with schizophrenia and other severe mental illnesses are not being treated. >> kroft: how difficult is it to get somebody admitted who does not want to be admitted? >> torrey: almost impossible in most states. the laws will read, "you have to be a danger to yourself or others," in some states. and judges may interpret this very, very strictly. you know, we kiddingly say, "you have to be either trying to kill your psychiatrist, or trying to kill yourself in front of your psychiatrist, to be able to get hospitalized." >> kroft: if these people aren't receiving medical attention, where are they ending up? >> torrey: many of them end up homeless. many of them end up in jails and prisons now. so this is a huge problem. our jails and prisons are our main place now where you find mentally ill people. >> kroft: in fact, by some measures, the largest mental institution in the united states is the cook county jail in chicago. it houses the largest number of

mentally ill people in the country. >> tom dart: this is a population that people don't care about and so as a result of that, there are not the resources to care for them. >> kroft: cook county sheriff tom dart is in charge of the jail and he is not very happy about the situation. >> dart: i've got probably 2,500, 2,800 people with mental illness in my jail today. and you look at their backgrounds, they've been in here 50, 60, 100, we have some people who've been in here 400 times. >> kroft: what kind of offenses? >> dart: oh my god, retail theft is a norm. and usually it's because they're stealing something either to feed themselves or, frankly, they're stealing something because they just wanted it that second. loads of cases of criminal trespass to land. what's that? they're breaking in some place to sleep. >> kroft: you're saying the prisons and the jails are the new asylums? >> dart: absolutely. there is no person that could argue otherwise that the jails and prisons are the new insane asylums. that's what we are. >> what the...? wait! don't spray me! >> kroft: sheriff dart has told

guards and employees to videotape incidents so that he can show people what actually goes on here. >> dart: and the videos we've shown people are to show them what happens when we take people who are mentally ill and we cram them into the criminal justice system where they're not supposed to be. and the irony so deep that you have a society that finds it wrong to have people warehoused in a state mental institution, but those very same people were okay if we warehouse them in a jail. it's just, you've got to be kidding me. >> elli montgomery: were you ever diagnosed with depression or bipolar disorder? >> yeah, a long time ago. >> kroft: every day, elli montgomery, one of five social workers here, goes over the list of new inmates with mental illness. >> montgomery: we have 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7... 15 with a severe mental illness. >> kroft: just this morning? >> montgomery: yeah, just this morning. severely mentally ill. not like a little bit of depression. >> kroft: most of them will be here for several days to several months, then released back onto

the street with a packet of pills and no plan. sheriff dart says it's become a huge public safety issue. there's been an epidemic of mass shootings. a lot of them by people with serious mental health problems. do you think there's a connection? >> dart: yes, i do think there are connections here because people... some are getting treated. other ones aren't getting treated. people are falling through the cracks all the time. and so to think that that won't then boil up at some point and end up in a tragedy, that's just naiïve. that's just naiïve. >> torrey: we have a grand experiment: what happens when you don't treat people. but then you're gonna have to accept 10% of homicides being killed by untreated, mentally ill people. you're gonna have to accept tucson and aurora. you're gonna have to accept cho at virginia tech. these are the consequences, when we allow people who need to be treated to go untreated. and if you are willing to do that, then that's fine. but i'm not willing to do that.

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of moderate to severe ra, even without methotrexate. >> simon: until last week, one of the most popular television shows in the middle east was hosted by an egyptian satirist named bassem youssef. he did political satire on tv, and nobody had seen anything like it anywhere in the arab world.

he was called the jon stewart of egypt, but unlike stewart, he'd been interrogated by the authorities, labeled an infidel and a traitor. last year, he was knocked off the air for three months. we went to cairo to watch him prepare to return on a new network. it was doing okay. but then late last month, egypt's military leader, abdel fattah el sisi, won a presidential election with over 90% percent of the vote. this past monday, youssef announced his show was cancelled permanently. as you'll see, even when we first reported this story in march, youssef knew something like this might happen-- not because of poor ratings, but because people in power so often feel threatened by laughter. he has such a fervent following that all he has to do is say "welcome to the program" for his audience to crack up.

>> bassem youssef: ( speaking in arabic ) >> simon: it's the kind of show with which americans are very familiar. >> youssef: the name of the game, "what's up!" >> simon: every week, an estimated 30 million people tune in. egyptians have never seen anything like this before. >> youssef: ( speaking in arabic ) >> simon: and bassem knows he's never quite beyond the reach of the authorities. "we won't listen to anybody who intimidates us," he says. "we want freedom. freedom!" bassem saved his best material for former president mohammed morsi. look at what morsi wore when he received an honorary doctorate in pakistan. now, look at how bassem portrayed it on the air. bassem was accused of damaging egypt/pakistan relations. you made him look like a clown. >> youssef: i never... i never meant to actually make him look like a clown. >> simon: oh, come on, you wore a hat...

>> youssef: yeah. >> simon: ...that made him look like a clown. >> youssef: i made fun of the hat, not about the president. >> simon: oh, come on. >> youssef: i impersonated the hat. ( laughter ) >> simon: egyptians across the country laughed themselves silly, but morsi was not amused by the hat joke. a warrant was issued for bassem's arrest. he was formally accused of insulting the president and insulting islam-- serious charges in egypt. but at his interrogation, he reacted the only way he knew how. >> youssef: they called me in... in an interrogation. it was fun. >> simon: it was fun? >> youssef: yes, because there were some people in the area that were actually fans of the show. ( laughter ) >> simon: now, when... when they read you out the joke, were they laughing? >> youssef: the guy was reading it with a straight face, but the guy who was actually writing was laughing, and the lawyers were laughing. >> simon: he records in this 75- year-old art deco theater, built in the same style as radio city music hall in new york. >> youssef: each episode, we have 100,000 requests for 200 seats.

100,000 requests-- can you imagine that? >> simon: no. >> youssef: so, this is a whole new lobby. >> simon: it's a far cry from the chaos of cairo. his set is worthy of any late night talk show. >> youssef: and this is, sir, my desk. he's make... he's keeping my seat warm. thank you. >> simon: now, it does have a certain resemblance to the "daily show with jon stewart," doesn't it? >> youssef: yeah. but we have a bigger theater. ( laughter ) >> simon: and a much bigger audience-- around twenty times bigger. jon stewart took notice, and invited him to new york to appear on his show. >> jon stewart: please welcome bassem youssef. ( cheers and applause ) >> simon: bassem couldn't believe he was there. ( cheers and applause ) last year, in a show of support for bassem, stewart went to cairo. he was led onto the set by a couple of nasty looking guys. this time, it was stewart who

was heading for an interrogation. >> ladies and gentlemen, jon stewart! ( cheers and applause ) >> simon: bassem was the one asking the questions. >> youssef: does satire get you into trouble? i mean, what about the love that you get from the people? >> stewart: i'll tell you this-- it doesn't get me into the kind of trouble it gets you into. ( laughter ) i get in trouble, but nowhere near what happens to you. >> simon: bassem may have been in trouble with morsi, but morsi was in real trouble. his regime was a disaster, the economy was in shambles, and his islamist agenda was angering people across egypt. after months of protests, the military stepped in and deposed him. some held bassem partly responsible for demolishing morsi's reputation. did you help destabilize morsi? >> youssef: of... well, it's like helping-- what i did is i did a political satire show. if his regime was destabilized because of a show that comes one

hour a week, that is a very weak regime. so it's... maybe it's not about my strength, and maybe it's about their weakness. >> simon: but laughter is a very powerful instrument. you know that better than anyone. >> youssef: i just want to have fun, dude. i mean, what are you getting me into? >> simon: with the generals now in charge, egypt became a military dictatorship. field marshall abdel fattah el sisi, the new leader, was lionized for having overthrown morsi. but he was slamming the door on dissent. since last summer, over 1,000 protestors have been massacred. journalists and dissidents of all stripes have been arrested and tortured. but bassem youssef refused to be deterred. are you the only voice that's not in this syndrome of pleasing the army? >> youssef: let's say that i am not in part of the massive current going in the certain direction to please certain

people. >> simon: you can see which way that current is flowing. everywhere, posters of field marshal sisi dominate the landscape. instead of baseball cards, vendors sell sisi cards. pastries adorned with the field marshal's face are sold in shops across cairo. that was too delicious for bassem to resist, so in a skit last october, a baker walks in with a tray full of sisi cakes. at first, bassem isn't interested, but he soon realizes it would better for his health to buy one. "only one?" the baker asks. "you don't like sisi or what?" bassem hesitates. "okay," he says, "give me everything you've got." and the reaction you got was...? >> youssef: people were laughing. but that's the immediate reaction.

there's another reaction that we have to deal with it. >> simon: and that reaction came a week later. there were protests outside of bassem's theater, and the network pulled his next episode just minutes before it was due to air. then, the network shut the show down. was that a surprise? these were very powerful people. weren't you scared? >> youssef: i'm always not scared. i'm always... >> simon: you're always not scared? ( laughs ) >> youssef: i'm fine. i mean, what... what could happen? >> simon: they could hurt you. >> youssef: like what? >> simon: there are many ways, and we both know what they are. >> youssef: so it will happen. i mean, if it happens, it happens. you should let go of your fears in... so you can be able to operate. >> simon: and you're able to do that? >> youssef: i'm trying to, because sometimes fear is crippling. >> simon: fear is everywhere in egypt today. but just three years ago, millions gathered across the country to demand freedom. at first, bassem didn't really participate in the movement. he was a respected heart surgeon, had never shown any interest in politics.

but when people started getting bloodied and killed in tahrir square... >> youssef: we got medical supplies, and we went to the square. and we started treating patients, stitching wounds, and... in the makeshift clinics in the square. so this was our involvement. >> simon: when you were there tending to the wounded, was this for you, a moment of truth, an epiphany, something like that? >> youssef: no, it... i think it was a moment of solidarity. i mean, i'm... i'm not into the business of throwing rocks. all i did was just, like, fix the wounds. >> simon: you were being a doctor. >> youssef: yeah, i'm just being a doctor. >> simon: that experience led him to make an astonishing career change. he'd always loved the limelight and dreamt about being a comedian, so when a friend approached him about doing his own show on youtube, he jumped at the chance. >> youssef: we set it up in my house, one camera... >> simon: in your house? >> youssef: yes, my spare room. one desk, one camera, and me on

the camera, writing scripts and getting clips of the media at that time. >> simon: egyptian media had never been called upon to broadcast anything resembling truth. bassem was a trailblazer. when you started uploading onto youtube, what did you expect? >> youssef: i expected about 10,000 views, for... >> simon: did you get 10,000? >> youssef: i got five million. >> simon: and then he got an offer any comedian would die for-- his own tv show. but that wasn't the only offer on the table. >> simon: you were offered a job as a cardiac surgeon... >> youssef: yes, in cleveland. >> simon: ...in cleveland. you could have had a lovely house with a white picket fence, and a swimming pool, and a good school. you were being offered the american dream. >> youssef: yeah, the american dream. yeah. i chose the egyptian dream, the dream to make a tv show, and then be called an infidel by the end. ( laughs ) >> simon: an infidel, and now... >> youssef: and now, a traitor.

>> simon: a traitor. but the traitor, as he's called, began conspiring to make a comeback. after three months off the air, bassem found another network that was willing to take the risk. his army of researchers snapped to it, scouring the internet and the airwaves for new targets to skewer, even if it was far from certain that there would be another show. >> youssef: and this is the key, this is the whole key-- if you lose faith in what you do, all of this doesn't mean anything. >> simon: a day before the taping, bassem's writers are busy and bewildered. what do you think is going to happen this time? are you confident that it's going to be on the air? >> youssef: show of hands that we are going to continue without stopping. show of hands we are going to be pulled off air very soon. >> whoo! ( laughter ) >> simon: anything could happen- - the police or the army could step in, shut bassem down before he even gets to the stage. the network could get cold feet.

but they keep on going. the theater has come alive in a frenzy of preparations-- bomb- sniffing dogs, surveillance cameras, a steel gate. it's easier to get a ticket to the super bowl. valet parking, a cordon of riot police-- everything but certainty. even the people who came to see the show didn't know whether there would be a show. >> i cannot predict that. i hope so. and it's going to be stupid, because the more you ban something, the more, like, people want to see it more. >> simon: people knew that bassem would have to be careful this time around. he would try to make people laugh, of course, but wouldn't make fun of sisi. well, people were wrong. ( cheers and applause ) sisi wasn't spared-- bassem's team spun a wheel, hoping to find a tv program that wasn't

about the field marshal. first up, a food channel... >> sisi, sisi... >> simon: then a fashion channel. it featured jeans, signed by sisi. he couldn't do it. every channel he turned to had nothing on it but sisi. bassem had had enough, he cut to a commercial. the brand of this cooking oil? sisi. ( laughter ) as a last resort, he tried a foreign channel, but that didn't work either. >> ♪ oh, see see-see rider... >> simon: while bassem was ready to pull the trigger, people across egypt were killing themselves laughing. but will there be an encore? the punch line of your next joke could be jail. >> youssef: why?

why are you being so gloomy? just expect the best, man. i will be okay. >> simon: after his show was cancelled on monday, bassem said he's not okay. "to be honest," he said "i'm tired-- tired of struggling, tired of pressure, tired of being worried about my safety and the safety of people around me." the present climate in egypt, he said, is not suitable for a political satire program. >> what does america's jon stewart think of egypt's jon stewart? go to 60minutesovertime.com. here at fidelity, we give you the most free research reports, customizable charts, powerful screening tools, and guaranteed 1-second trades. and at the center of it all is a surprisingly low price -- just $7.95. in fact, fidelity gives you lower trade commissions

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>> cooper: for a long time, astronomers saw the asteroids and comets that come close to earth as useless debris, space rocks that blocked our view of distant galaxies. not anymore. they're now viewed as scientifically important and potentially very dangerous if they were to collide with our planet. the odds of that happening on any given day are remote, but as we first reported last fall, over millions of years, scientists believe there have been lots of impacts, and few

doubt there are more to come. a former astronaut told us it's like a game of "cosmic roulette," and one mankind cannot afford to lose. concern over our ability to detect these objects grew after an incident in russia last year, when an asteroid crashed into the atmosphere with many times the energy of the bomb dropped on hiroshima, narrowly missing a city of one million. this is video of that asteroid in russia, barreling toward earth at 40,000 miles an hour. it exploded into pieces 19 miles above and 25 miles south of the city of chelyabinsk. people thought it had missed them entirely, until minutes later, when the shock wave arrived... ( windows shattering; people screaming ) ...shattering glass, crushing doors and knocking some people right off their feet. more than 1,000 were injured. how much warning did people in chelyabinsk have? >> paul chodas: none.

>> cooper: paul chodas is a scientist at nasa's jet propulsion laboratory in pasadena, california. he and his boss, don yeomans, have been trying to track near- earth objects for decades. >> chodas: we didn't see it coming. it was coming from the general direction of the sun, so it was in the daytime sky as it approached. >> cooper: so how did you find out about it? >> chodas: twitter and youtube, when we... when we first saw the images. >> cooper: so the first people at nasa that heard about it was twitter? ( laughter ) >> chodas: exactly. >> cooper: chodas says an object this size hits earth once every hundred years, on average. yet the same day, purely by chance, another asteroid twice as large came within 17,000 miles of earth, passing between us and the satellites that are bringing you this broadcast. the only reason there was any advance warning was because an amateur astronomer in spain, an oral surgeon by day, noticed it just before it moved out of view. >> amy mainzer: we know about some of the most distant galaxies in the known universe, and yet, we don't really know

everything that's right in our own backyard. >> cooper: wow. amy mainzer is a nasa scientist who focuses on detecting asteroids. >> mainzer: so we got to move the dome out of the way. and then we're going to start to follow the asteroid as it tracks across the sky. >> cooper: this telescope at the table mountain observatory in california is one of dozens all over the world that are used to track and study near earth objects. mainzer told us they're often very hard to find. >> mainzer: some of these asteroids are really, really dark, darker even than coal in some cases. kind of like the soot at the bottom of a barbecue grill. >> cooper: so you're looking for something that's darker than coal against a black sky. >> mainzer: exactly. and now you see the problem. >> cooper: another problem is that ground-based telescopes can't see objects coming from the direction of the sun because they're in the daytime sky, like the asteroid that hit russia. astronomers find asteroids by taking repeated pictures of the night sky and looking for things that change position. professionals and amateurs all over the world work together, sharing information. once paul chodas and his nasa

colleagues have multiple sightings, they can predict an object's location as far as 100 years into the future. >> mainzer: this particular object has a very well-known orbit. >> cooper: the asteroid amy mainzer was observing the night we visited didn't look like much on her screen. that little thing? >> mainzer: yep, that's it. >> cooper: but it's nearly half a mile wide and capable of destroying an entire continent. so that's actually... that's a huge asteroid. >> mainzer: that's a huge asteroid. if something this size hit the earth, it would be devastating. it would be very bad. >> cooper: asteroids are composed mostly of rock; comets- - ice and dust. they come in all shapes and sizes. some look like small planets; others, giant dog-bones. for a long time, nobody thought they were worth tracking at all. >> mainzer: it wasn't thought that they really did hit the earth. astronomers debated for a long

time about the nature of the craters on the moon. >> cooper: they thought that the craters on the moon were volcanic. >> mainzer: possibly, yeah. and it's only been fairly recently, within, you know, the last 50 years or so, that the field has really recognized that, yeah, impacts actually do happen. and not only do they happen on geological time scales, you know, millions and billions of years, but on human time scales, in some cases. >> cooper: the last major asteroid to collide with earth hit in 1908, in the tunguska region of siberia. it's believed to have been 40 yards wide and to have exploded in the air like a nuclear bomb, leveling 80 million trees in an area the size of metropolitan washington. this crater in northern arizona was created 50,000 years ago. it's one of more than 180 impact craters geologists have found so far. they think there are many more, hidden by water and vegetation, more even than on the moon, because the earth's gravity is greater. the most famous impact of all is the one that may have wiped out the dinosaurs more than 65 million years ago. the theory is that an enormous asteroid or comet collided so violently with earth, it created a cloud of debris that blocked out the sun, killing off 75% of

all species, and leaving behind a crater in mexico more than 100 miles wide. >> don yeomans: these are objects that were once in space, pieces of asteroids. >> cooper: yeomans and chodas showed us some of the remarkable things that have fallen from the sky. >> cooper: this is a piece of mars? >> yeomans: you have it in your hand. it wandered around the inner solar system for a few million years, and a 40 pound stone came down in africa, about ten feet from a farmer, in... >> cooper: really? >> yeomans: ...october of 1962. >> cooper: it's amazing, to think this is from mars. they played a trick on me, as well. >> yeomans: would you hand that one to me, that big one? >> cooper: that one? >> yeomans: yeah. ( laughter ) come... come on. >> cooper: oh, my god. this one was iron-nickel and heavy as an anvil. not all asteroids are made of such dense stuff, but many contain high concentrations of valuable minerals, like platinum, that might someday be mined in space. >> barack obama: we'll start by sending astronauts to an asteroid, for the first time in history.